CN111418612A - Regulating agent for improving salt tolerance of crops and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Regulating agent for improving salt tolerance of crops and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111418612A CN111418612A CN202010479356.3A CN202010479356A CN111418612A CN 111418612 A CN111418612 A CN 111418612A CN 202010479356 A CN202010479356 A CN 202010479356A CN 111418612 A CN111418612 A CN 111418612A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/08—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of crops, and further discloses a preparation method of the regulating agent. The regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of the crops takes the ethanol extract of the equisetum hiemale and/or the water extract of the orostachys fimbriatus as the effective components, can effectively promote the salt tolerance of the corn seeds and the germination performance in the saline-alkali environment only through simple dipping treatment, and has important agricultural significance for the planting of the corn crops in the saline-alkali environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of crops, and further discloses a preparation method of the regulating agent.
Background
Soil salinization is one of the most main abiotic stresses harming agricultural production at present and becomes an important environmental factor restricting agricultural development in China. According to statistics, about 0.2 hundred million hm is found in China2The saline-alkali soil accounts for about 20% of the cultivated land area, and the secondary salinization of the soil is increasingly serious along with the aggravation of industrial pollution, the enlargement of irrigation and soil protection areas, improper use of chemical fertilizers and the like.
Studies have shown that the effects of salt stress on seed germination are several: inhibiting seed germination without loss of seed vigor; delaying but not inhibiting seed germination; the seeds are permanently devitalized. The most common and significant influence of salt on non-halophytes is growth inhibition, and high-concentration salt in saline soil has certain influence on plants, mainly expressed in the aspects of unbalanced osmotic stress, ion toxicity and ion absorption, and generally can reduce seed germination rate, delay seedling growth, inhibit photosynthesis and further reduce crop yield. The existing research results also show that the salt stress obviously inhibits the growth of the seed buds and roots.
Therefore, how to effectively improve the salt tolerance of the crop seeds has positive significance for improving the planting efficiency of the crops in the saline-alkali environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of crops, so that the germination efficiency of crop seeds in a saline-alkali environment is effectively improved;
the second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned modulating agent.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of crops, wherein the regulating agent is an aqueous solution containing an equisetum hiemale extract and/or an orostachys fimbriatus extract.
Specifically, the mass concentration of the equisetum hiemale extract and/or the orostachys fimbriatus extract is controlled to be 1-5 g/L.
Specifically, the equisetum hiemale extract is an ethanol extract of equisetum hiemale.
Specifically, the method for extracting the equisetum hiemale extract comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the traditional Chinese medicine material horsetail after impurity removal and air drying;
(2) leaching the crushed equisetum hiemale with 50% ethanol water;
(3) collecting the leaching solution, and concentrating the leaching solution until the amount of the leaching solution is the same as that of the horsetail to obtain the required horsetail extract.
Specifically, the herba orostachyos extract is a water extract of herba orostachyos.
Specifically, the extraction method of the herba orostachyos extract comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning whole plant of Orostachys japonicas, air drying, and pulverizing;
(2) decocting pulverized herba Orostachyos in water;
(3) collecting decoction, and concentrating until the dosage of the decoction is the same as that of the orostachys fimbriatus to obtain the desired orostachys fimbriatus extract.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the equisetum hiemale extract to the orostachys fimbriatus extract is controlled to be 1: 1-3.
More preferably, the regulator further comprises inositol and Mn2+、Ca2+At least one of; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
the addition concentration of the inositol is 0.2-0.5 g/L;
the Mn is2+Is added at a concentration of 0.3-0.8 g/L, and MnCl is added2Preferably;
the Ca2+Is added at a concentration of 0.3-0.8 g/L, and CaCl is added2It is preferable.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of crops, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing a selected amount of the equisetum hiemale extract and the orostachys fimbriatus extract and adding water for dispersing.
The invention also discloses a regulation and control method for improving the salt tolerance of crops, which comprises the step of placing seeds of the crops in the regulation and control agent and carrying out seed soaking treatment at normal temperature.
Specifically, the material-liquid ratio of the seeds of the crops to the regulating agent is controlled to be 100-300 g/L.
Specifically, the seed soaking time is controlled to be 2-5 h.
In particular, the crop comprises corn.
The regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of the crops takes the ethanol extract of equisetum hiemale and/or the water extract of orostachys fimbriatus as the effective components, in the prior art, the ethanol extract of equisetum hiemale is used for improving the cold tolerance foliar fertilizer of wheat, and the water extract of orostachys fimbriatus is used for improving the effective components of the coating agent of the cold tolerance of wheat, the applicant finds that the ethanol extract of equisetum hiemale and the water extract of orostachys fimbriatus have certain promotion effects on improving the salt tolerance of corn seeds, can effectively promote the salt tolerance of the corn seeds and the germination performance in the saline-alkali environment only through simple dipping treatment, and has important agricultural significance on the planting of the corn crops in the saline-alkali environment.
Detailed Description
Preparation example 1
Removing impurities from a traditional Chinese medicine herba Equiseti hiemalis, air drying, crushing to 40-60 meshes, adding 6 times of 50% ethanol water solution into the herba Equiseti hiemalis, and leaching at 60 ℃ for 1 hour; filtering to obtain extractive solution, extracting the residue with the same method for 2 times, mixing the extractive solutions for 3 times, recovering ethanol at 70 deg.C, and evaporating to concentrate until the extract amount is the same as the amount of herba Equiseti hiemalis to obtain the desired ethanol extract of herba Equiseti hiemalis.
Preparation example 2
Cleaning whole herba Orostachyos, air drying, pulverizing, adding water 5 times of the weight of herba Orostachyos pulverized particles, soaking for 30min, and heating for decocting for 30 min; and (3) after solid-liquid separation, collecting decoction, continuously adding the same amount of water into the collected residues for secondary decoction extraction, collecting the decoction, combining the decoction with the previous decoction, concentrating the mixture by rotary evaporation to obtain an extract, and stopping concentration when the mass of the extract is the same as the using amount of the orostachys fimbriatus so as to obtain the required orostachys fimbriatus extract.
Example 1
The equisetum hiemale ethanol extract prepared in the preparation example 1 is added with water to be dispersed and dissolved, and an aqueous solution of the equisetum hiemale extract with the mass concentration of 3 g/L is prepared.
Treating corn seeds to be planted, adding the corn seeds into the regulating agent according to the material-liquid ratio of 200 g/L, soaking for 4 hours at normal temperature, and cleaning with clear water.
Example 2
Adding water into the orostachys fimbriata water extract prepared in the preparation example 2 for dispersing and dissolving to prepare an orostachys fimbriata extract water solution with the mass concentration of 3 g/L.
Treating corn seeds to be planted, adding the corn seeds into the regulating agent according to the material-liquid ratio of 200 g/L, soaking for 4 hours at normal temperature, and cleaning with clear water.
Example 3
Mixing the ethanol extract of the equisetum hiemale in the preparation example 1 and the water extract of the orostachys fimbriatum in the preparation example 2 according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, adding water, fully dispersing and dissolving to obtain the regulating agent with the total mass concentration of 3 g/L.
Treating corn seeds to be planted, adding the corn seeds into the regulating agent according to the material-liquid ratio of 200 g/L, soaking for 4 hours at normal temperature, and cleaning with clear water.
Example 4
Mixing the ethanol extract of the equisetum hiemale in the preparation example 1 and the water extract of the orostachys fimbriatum in the preparation example 2 according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, adding water, fully dispersing and dissolving to obtain the regulating agent with the total mass concentration of 3 g/L.
Treating corn seeds to be planted, adding the corn seeds into the regulating agent according to the material-liquid ratio of 200 g/L, soaking for 4 hours at normal temperature, and cleaning with clear water.
Example 5
Mixing the ethanol extract of the equisetum hiemale in the preparation example 1 and the water extract of the orostachys fimbriatum in the preparation example 2 according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, adding water, fully dispersing and dissolving to obtain the regulating agent with the total mass concentration of 3 g/L.
Treating corn seeds to be planted, adding the corn seeds into the regulating agent according to the material-liquid ratio of 200 g/L, soaking for 4 hours at normal temperature, and cleaning with clear water.
Example 6
The protocol and method of use of the modulators described in this example are the same as in example 4, except that one of the modulators was further supplemented with inositol at a concentration of 0.3 g/L.
Example 7
The protocol and the application method of the regulating agent in the embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment 4, and the difference is only that one regulating agent is also added with MnCl with the concentration of 0.5 g/L2。
Example 8
The protocol and the application method of the regulating agent in this example are the same as those in example 4, and the difference is only that CaCl with the concentration of 0.5 g/L is further added to one of the regulating agents2。
Examples of the experiments
According to the description standard and data standard of corn germplasm resources, selecting mature corn seeds with full and incomplete seeds, drying at 30-35 deg.C for 10h, cooling to room temperature, soaking in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, and adsorbing with filter paper.
Preparing NaCl solution with distilled water to concentration of 300 mmol/L, preparing in advance, placing in a large ground bottle for use, and shaking and mixing well before use.
Cleaning a culture dish with a diameter of 12cm with distilled water, placing two pieces of filter paper with a diameter of 11cm, placing in an oven, sterilizing at high temperature for 1h, and cooling to room temperature for later use.
The experiments were carried out on the denghai 605 corn variety, 20ml of the prepared NaCl solution was added to the petri dishes, and then the test seeds treated in the above examples 1-8 and the seeds not subjected to any treatment were respectively and uniformly placed in the petri dishes for salt stress treatment, 50 seeds were placed in each dish, and each seed was repeated 3 times, and the corresponding serial numbers of each variety and treatment were recorded. Each plate was germinated in dark light at (25. + -. 2) ° C, and 10ml of NaCl solution (distilled water as a control) was added every 24 hours to maintain the salt concentration of each treatment.
Measurement indexes are as follows: according to the GB/T3543.4 crop seed test protocol, taking the root length of 2mm as the germination standard, after the 4 th day of culture, the germination condition is recorded and observed every day (9: 00 am), and the number of the germinated seeds in each day is recorded till 8 th day. At 8d, 10 germinated seeds were randomly taken for each treatment, the distance from the base of the embryo to the top of the embryo was measured with a ruler, the length of the embryo was counted, and the embryo weight was taken.
The statistical indexes comprise germination rate and germination potential, are common indexes for evaluating seed germination, and respectively reflect the germination amount and the germination speed of the seeds:
germination potential (%) — number of germinated seeds/total number of examined seeds on day 4 × 100;
germination rate (%) — number of germinated seeds/total number of test seeds × 100.
The indexes such as the detected germination rate and the germination potential and the calculation results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of saline and alkaline tolerance
| Numbering | Percentage of germination (%) | Germination vigor (%) |
| Example 1 | 84.45 | 77.14 |
| Example 2 | 86.13 | 78.68 |
| Example 3 | 87.05 | 79.09 |
| Example 4 | 89.22 | 81.17 |
| Example 5 | 88.90 | 80.26 |
| Example 6 | 92.25 | 83.72 |
| Example 7 | 92.53 | 83.94 |
| Example 8 | 92.02 | 83.32 |
| Comparative example | 72.18 | 53.11 |
Therefore, the regulating agent can effectively improve the germination performance of the seeds in the saline-alkali environment and effectively improve the saline-alkali resistance of the corn seeds.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A regulating agent for improving the salt tolerance of crops is characterized in that the regulating agent is an aqueous solution containing an equisetum extract and/or a herba orostachyos extract.
2. The regulator for improving the salt tolerance of crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the equisetum hiemale extract and/or the orostachys fimbriatus extract is controlled to be 1-5 g/L.
3. The regulator for improving the salt tolerance of crops as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the equisetum hiemale extract is ethanol extract of equisetum hiemale.
4. The modulator for improving the salt tolerance of crops as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract of orostachys fimbriatus is an aqueous extract of orostachys fimbriatus.
5. The modulator for improving salt tolerance of crops as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the modulator further comprises inositol and Mn2+、Ca2+At least one of (1).
6. A method for preparing the regulator for improving the salt tolerance of crops as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing selected amounts of the equisetum hiemale extract and the orostachys fimbriatus extract and adding water for dispersion.
7. A control method for improving salt tolerance of crops, which comprises the step of soaking seeds of the crops in the control agent of any one of claims 1 to 5 at normal temperature.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ratio of the seeds of the plant to the controlling agent is controlled to be 100-300 g/L.
9. A method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the seed soaking time is controlled to be 2-5 h.
10. The method as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the crop comprises maize.
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