CN110741891A - Fresh bud rice planting system - Google Patents
Fresh bud rice planting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110741891A CN110741891A CN201911010897.5A CN201911010897A CN110741891A CN 110741891 A CN110741891 A CN 110741891A CN 201911010897 A CN201911010897 A CN 201911010897A CN 110741891 A CN110741891 A CN 110741891A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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Abstract
The invention provides a fresh-bud rice planting system. The method comprises the following steps: s1: seed selection, S11: selecting high-quality and high-yield rice seeds with strong straw, strong tillering, more ears, no lodging, full seeds and excellent rice quality. The fresh-bud rice planting system provided by the invention has the advantages that the germination rate is improved, the resistance of rice is improved, the rice can stably grow, the stable yield is obtained, the survival rate of rice seedlings is effectively improved, the resistance of the rice seedlings is increased, the later growth is better, the heading is fuller, the rice can obtain better nutrients and sunlight, the growth of the rice is facilitated, the influence of pests on the rice is reduced, the plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively avoided, the rice is harvested when the rice is aligned with the heading for 40-50 days, the rice particles are the fullest, the yield is maximized, the rice entering a warehouse is prevented from mildewing, the freshness of fresh-bud rice is effectively ensured by adding silicon elements into a packaging material, and the inert gas is filled, so that the fresh-bud rice is effectively prevented from deteriorating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fresh-bud rice planting, in particular to a fresh-bud rice planting system.
Background
The rice is a cereal crop of the genus oryza, and is classified into indica rice and paddy rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice according to the type of the paddy. Other classifications, including paddy rice and floating rice, are made according to whether soilless culture is performed; dividing season rice and 'lazy rice' (overyear ratoon rice) according to the survival cycle; the rice is divided into common rice and giant rice about 2 meters according to the height; the method is divided into ordinary fresh rice and 'seawater rice' (actually, the rice mainly uses fresh water) according to saline-alkali tolerance. The rice is obtained by removing glume from rice, weighing brown rice, and grinding rice bran layer to obtain the final product. Approximately half of the world population uses rice as staple food. Besides being edible, the rice can also be used as industrial raw materials for brewing wine and making sugar, and the rice hulls and rice straws can be used as livestock feed. The main production areas of Chinese rice are northeast, Yangtze river basin and Zhujiang river basin. Rice belongs to direct economic crops, and is staple food for residents in northeast and south China.
The existing rice planting system is not specially used for the fresh-bud rice, so that the problems of low germination rate, weak resistance and the like often occur easily in the process of planting the fresh-bud rice by people, the yield is low, the existing fresh-bud rice is packaged in a common packaging bag, the freshness of the fresh-bud rice is influenced, and the quality of the fresh-bud rice is influenced.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a system for planting fresh-bud rice to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fresh-bud rice planting system, which solves the problems that the existing planting system is easy to generate low germination rate, weak resistance and the like, so that the yield is low, and the quality of fresh-bud rice is influenced because the freshness of the fresh-bud rice is influenced when the existing fresh-bud rice is packaged.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a fresh-bud rice planting system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: seed selection, S11: selecting high-quality and high-yield rice seeds with strong straw, strong tillering, more ears, no lodging, full seeds and excellent rice quality; s12: soaking the seeds with the seed soaking solution, S13: sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling bed, spraying seedling-stage fertilizer when the seedlings grow to two leaves, S14: transplanting when the seedlings grow to six-leaf stage;
s2: planting, S21: transplanting the six-leaf seedlings in the S14 by adopting a mechanical transplanting mode, wherein the row spacing is ensured to be 25cm x 30cm, and the transplanting speed is S22: applying 150 kg of mixed farmyard organic fertilizer and returning the straws to the field as base fertilizer per mu; s23: 12 solar energy-saving trap lamps are arranged in the rice area; s24: keeping shallow water after planting, applying special fertilizer for rice in the period of Shenzhen of rice, and applying seed-like fertilizer after spike initiation; s25: drying the field in winter, reducing plant diseases and insect pests, and spraying pesticide for preventing and treating according to conditions;
s3: harvesting, S31: harvesting when the rice is aligned with the ears for 40-50 days, and harvesting in S32: after harvesting, placing the rice in the open air for 2 days to ensure that the water is dry, and then collecting and warehousing the rice;
s4: packaging, winnowing seeds in a warehouse, blowing off empty rice hulls, then putting into a rice peeling machine to prepare fresh-bud rice grains, then screening out full-grain rice grains by using a fresh-bud rice grain screening machine, and bagging by using a bagging machine, wherein a packaging bag used by the bagging machine needs to be added with silicon elements in a traditional packaging bag to ensure the freshness of the fresh-bud rice, and after the bagging is finished, inert gas nitrogen is filled into the packaging bag, and then the bag opening is sealed.
Preferably, before the seeds are soaked in the step S1, the seeds need to be pretreated, specifically, the seeds are soaked in water at 10-25 ℃ for 15h, then soaked in water at 40-45 ℃ for 5min, and finally dried.
Preferably, the temperature of the seed soaked by the seed soaking liquid is controlled to be 30-35 ℃ for 13-15 h.
Preferably, each liter of the seed soaking liquid comprises 550-700 ml of biogas slurry, 80-150 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution, 50-100 g of betaine, 0.8-1.2 g of proline and 150-370 ml of water.
Preferably, the fertilizer for the seedling stage comprises: 10-14 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of a soil beneficial microbial agent, 20-35 parts of soybean meal, 0.5-1 part of gelatin powder, 16-25 parts of ammonium chloride, 12-16 parts of potassium permanganate, 10-15 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and a proper amount of water.
Preferably, the special fertilizer for rice is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts of organic fertilizer, 30-40 parts of compound fertilizer, 10-15 parts of fermented soybean meal and 5-8 parts of humic acid.
Preferably, the depth of the shallow water after planting is kept between 2cm and 3 cm.
Preferably, the inert gas filled in the bag can also be helium.
Compared with the related art, the fresh-bud rice planting system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a fresh-bud rice planting system, which treats rice seeds by seed soaking liquid with a special formula, improves the germination rate, improves the resistance of rice, ensures that the rice can stably grow and obtains stable yield, effectively improves the survival rate of the rice seedlings by matching with the use of fertilizers in the seedling stage in a mode of seedling raising and transplanting, simultaneously increases the resistance of the rice seedlings, ensures that the later growth is better and the heading is fuller, ensures that the rice can obtain better nutrients and sunlight by setting reasonable plant spacing and is convenient for the growth of the rice, reduces the influence of pests on the rice by combining the use of pesticides, can effectively avoid plant diseases and insect pests, harvests when the rice is flush with the heading for 40-50 days, ensures that the rice particles are fullest, maximizes the yield, and dries the rice by sunshine after harvesting, the rice entering a warehouse is prevented from mildewing, the freshness of the fresh bud rice is effectively guaranteed by adding the silicon element into the packaging material, and the deterioration of the fresh bud rice is effectively prevented by filling the inert gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the fresh-bud rice grain screening machine provided by the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. frame, 2, first motor, 3, screening frame, 4, filter, 5, montant, 6, steadying plate, 7, stabilizing sleeve, 8, roof, 9, fixing base, 10, second motor, 11, magnetic separation pole, 12, rotate the seat, 13, baffle, 14, spring, 15, bin, 16, arm-tie.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a system diagram of a preferred embodiment of a system for planting fresh-bud rice according to the present invention. A fresh-bud rice planting system comprises the following steps:
s1: seed selection, S11: selecting high-quality and high-yield rice seeds with strong straw, strong tillering, more ears, no lodging, full seeds and excellent rice quality; s12: soaking the seeds in the seed soaking liquid to facilitate the germination of the seeds; s13: sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling bed, spraying seedling-stage fertilizer when the seedlings grow to two leaves, S14: when the seedlings grow to six-leaf stage, transplanting can be carried out, and when seeds are selected, the newly developed seeds of the agricultural academy can be selected;
s2: planting, S21: transplanting the six-leaf seedlings in the S14 by adopting a mechanical transplanting mode, wherein the row spacing is ensured to be 25cm x 30cm, and the transplanting speed is S22: applying 150 kg of mixed farmyard organic fertilizer and returning the straws to the field as base fertilizer per mu; s23: 12 solar energy-saving trap lamps are arranged in the rice area; s24: keeping shallow water after planting, applying special fertilizer for rice in the period of Shenzhen of rice, and applying seed-like fertilizer after spike initiation; s25: drying the field in winter, reducing plant diseases and insect pests, and spraying pesticide for preventing and treating according to conditions;
s3: harvesting, S31: harvesting when the rice is aligned with the ears for 40-50 days, and harvesting in S32: after harvesting, placing the rice in the open air for 2 days to ensure that the water is dry, and then collecting and warehousing the rice;
s4: the packing carries out the selection by winnowing to the seed in the warehouse, blows off empty rice husk, then drops into in the rice decorticator, makes the bright bud rice grain of rice, then utilizes bright bud rice grain sieve separator, screens out the full grain of rice of granule to bagging machine bagging-off is carried out through the sack filling machine, the wrapping bag that the sack filling machine used need add silicon element in traditional wrapping bag, guarantees the freshness of bright bud rice, and accomplish at the bagging-off after, fill inert gas nitrogen gas into in the wrapping bag, then sealed sack can, when preserving bright bud rice grain, need guarantee cold-stored environment to the environment of hypoxemia, in order to guarantee the new freshness of bright bud rice grain of rice.
Before the seeds are soaked in the step S1, the seeds need to be pretreated, specifically, the seeds are soaked in water at 10-25 ℃ for 15h, then soaked in water at 40-45 ℃ for 5min, and finally dried, and the pretreatment of the seeds can ensure that the seeds are more used as medicines during soaking.
The temperature of the seed soaking liquid for soaking the seeds is controlled to be 30-35 ℃ for 13-15 h, so that the seeds are fully soaked and uniformly received.
Each liter of the seed soaking liquid comprises 550-700 ml of biogas slurry, 80-150 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution, 50-100 g of betaine, 0.8-1.2 g of proline and 150-370 ml of water, so that the seeds can absorb water quickly, the germination is promoted, and the nutrition is provided for the seeds.
The fertilizer for the seedling stage comprises: 10-14 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of soil beneficial microbial agent, 20-35 parts of soybean meal, 0.5-1 part of gelatin powder, 16-25 parts of ammonium chloride, 12-16 parts of potassium permanganate, 10-15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and a proper amount of water, so that a proper fertilizer is provided for seedlings, and the growth of the seedlings is ensured.
The special fertilizer for rice is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts of organic fertilizer, 30-40 parts of compound fertilizer, 10-15 parts of fermented soybean meal and 5-8 parts of humic acid.
After planting, the depth of shallow water is kept to be 2cm-3cm, the water depth is proper, and the planting method is suitable for growth.
The inert gas filled in the bag can also be helium.
Compared with the related art, the fresh-bud rice planting system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the seed soaking liquid with a special formula is used for treating rice seeds, the germination rate is improved, the resistance of the rice is improved, the rice can stably grow and obtain stable yield, the survival rate of the rice seedlings is effectively improved by matching the mode of seedling cultivation and seedling transplanting, the resistance of the rice seedlings is increased, the later growth is better, the heading is fuller, the rice can obtain better nutrients and sunlight through reasonable plant spacing, the growth of the rice is convenient, the influence of pests on the rice is reduced through the arrangement of the trap lamp, the use of pesticide is combined, the plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively avoided, the rice is harvested when being aligned with the ears for 40-50 days, the most full rice particles and the maximum yield can be ensured, the rice is dried in the sun after the harvesting is completed, the rice is prevented from going into a bin and mildewing, silicon element is added into a packaging material, the freshness of the fresh-bud rice is effectively guaranteed, and inert gas is filled in the fresh-bud rice, so that the deterioration of the fresh-bud rice is effectively prevented.
When the fresh bud rice is stored, firstly cleaning the fresh bud rice, removing possible impurities, removing stones and magnetically separating the fresh bud rice to obtain clean fresh bud rice, then storing the clean fresh bud rice in an environment of 0-15 ℃, and periodically turning the fresh bud rice by using a turning and stirring machine or manually turning the fresh bud rice in the storage process to realize fresh storage of the fresh bud rice;
in the process of storing the fresh-bud rice, the rice preservative can be matched with a rice preservative, and the rice preservative is composed of 7-11 parts of rosemary, 6-8 parts of goldenrain, 5-9 parts of root peppers, 4-8 parts of northeast artemisia roundworm, 3-5 parts of acer palmatum and 0.3-0.7 part of lysozyme, and can well inhibit lipase, bacteria and insects when the fresh-bud rice is stored.
When fresh bud rice needs to be processed, firstly, a plurality of rice mills are adopted to grind the brown rice, so that rice grains are screened, then the rice grains with large grain sizes are selected to be polished, the rice grains are placed in a rice polishing machine to be polished, the fresh bud rice is subjected to color sorting after being polished, impure color defective rice is removed, the surface of the fresh bud rice is smoother, the grain sizes are more uniform, the color is cleaner, and the quality of the fresh bud rice is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the fresh-bud rice grain screening machine provided in step S4 of the present invention includes an outer frame 1, a first motor 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the outer frame 1, a screening frame 3 is fixedly connected to one end of an output shaft of the first motor 2, vertical rods 5 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the screening frame 3, a stabilizing plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top ends of the vertical rods 5, a stabilizing sleeve 7 is sleeved on the surface of the stabilizing plate 6, the stabilizing sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer frame 1, a top plate 8 is arranged at the top of the outer frame 1, a fixing seat 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 8, a second motor 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing seat 9, a magnetic separation rod 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second motor 10, rotating seats 12 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the outer frame 1, and a, one side of the baffle 13 is fixedly connected with one side of the outer frame 1 through a spring, storage boxes 15 are connected to two sides of the bottom of the inner wall of the outer frame 1 in a sliding mode, and a pulling plate 16 is fixedly connected to one side of each storage box 15.
During the use, the fresh rice that will need to be screened is guided into screening frame 3 through the notch at the top of outer frame 1, and roof 8 covers the notch at the top of outer frame 1, and make magnetic separation pole 11 insert in screening frame 3, then start first motor 2, drive screening frame 3 and rotate, cooperation montant 5, stabilizer plate 6 and the use of stabilizer sleeve 7, make screening frame 3 rotate steadily, make the fresh rice hug closely the inner wall of screening frame 3 by centrifugal force, and realize the screening to the fresh rice through filter plate 4, make the granule of less granule hit baffle 13 and fall into storage box 15 through filter plate 4, the granule of full granule is stayed in screening frame 3, start second motor 10 and drive magnetic separation pole 11 and rotate, thereby realize adsorbing the metal thing that probably appears in the granule of rice, guarantee the outer frame quality, after the screening is accomplished, roof 8 is taken down, through the notch at the top of 1, the screening to fresh bud rice can be realized through above-mentioned structure to the screening of fresh bud rice can be taken out in screening frame 3 to can realize that the less rice grain of granule and the full rice grain of granule separately collect, the people of being convenient for take out the rice grain, can carry out the magnetic separation to the rice grain simultaneously, make the rice grain free of impurity.
When the rice is planted in the S2, ducklings can be cultured in the rice field after the seedlings are turned green for 5-7 days, and the specific culture method is as follows:
the first step is as follows: the periphery of the rice ridge is provided with a nylon net with meshes of 2cm and 2cm, the net height is 80cm, bamboo poles are used for piling every 2m-3m, nylon ropes are used for straightening and looping the nylon net and the nylon net, so that ducks are prevented from escaping, and the damage of wild small animals, wild cats, dogs, chinchillas and the like is prevented;
the second step is that: building a steel frame plastic greenhouse duck shed with 150 square meters, width of 5m and length of 30m, fixing an inner layer on the steel frame (height of 80cm, length of 60cm and east-west sides) by using a wire netting, covering an outer layer on plastic cloth, opening doors in the south and north directions, cutting east-west surface plastic, and controlling the length of the east-west surface plastic, wherein the size can be changed by using a hand-operated control switch, the general weather is warm, the east-west surfaces are opened by 20cm-40cm, the quiet and proper rest of laying ducks at night is taken as the criterion, the weather change condition is mastered practically, and the air circulation, the temperature and the humidity and;
the duck shed needs to be built in a high terrain, is convenient to drain, is close to a rice field, is far away from a village, is flat in field road, and is convenient for transporting feed and feeding personnel to work;
the third step: before the young ducks enter a field, disinfecting the duck shed and surrounding areas, after the young ducks enter the field, soaking wheat, paddy (all defective products) and the like in 0.1% saline water for feeding according to an original feeding mode, putting the young ducks into a pond in the daytime, returning the young ducks to the duck shed for adaptive feeding in the evening, and after three days of training, enabling the young ducks to freely enter a demonstration rice field for seeking food;
the young ducks are worried about frightest and impatient to be forcibly driven and are prevented from treading on seedlings, and through field observation and research, the young ducks are active in the spirit of the rice field and continuously forage for green and tender weeds and small insects such as barnyard grass, moleplant seeds, arthroncus, monochoria vaginalis, duckweed, small insects, moths and the like;
young ducks eat grass in the rice field while being mixed with water of the rice field continuously by using two webs (feet), so that the rice field has the functions of loosening soil, intertillage weeding, increasing organic fertilizer and stimulating the growth of rice, the effect of the fertilizer is cleaner than that of manual weeding, the duck manure contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and is high-quality organic fertilizer with comprehensive nutrition absorbed by the rice in growth; the disease control of ducks in different growth stages is well done as soon as possible, and common diseases such as duck parasites, duck colibacillosis, duck cholera and the like are eliminated in time.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fresh-bud rice planting system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: seed selection, S11: selecting high-quality and high-yield rice seeds with strong straw, strong tillering, more ears, no lodging, full seeds and excellent rice quality; s12: soaking the seeds with the seed soaking solution, S13: sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling bed, spraying seedling-stage fertilizer when the seedlings grow to two leaves, S14: transplanting when the seedlings grow to six-leaf stage;
s2: planting, S21: transplanting the six-leaf seedlings in the S14 by adopting a mechanical transplanting mode, wherein the row spacing is ensured to be 25cm x 30cm, and the transplanting speed is S22: applying 150 kg of mixed farmyard organic fertilizer and returning the straws to the field as base fertilizer per mu; s23: 12 solar energy-saving trap lamps are arranged in the rice area; s24: keeping shallow water after planting, applying special fertilizer for rice in the period of Shenzhen of rice, and applying seed-like fertilizer after spike initiation; s25: drying the field in winter, reducing plant diseases and insect pests, and spraying pesticide for preventing and treating according to conditions;
s3: harvesting, S31: harvesting when the rice is aligned with the ears for 40-50 days, and harvesting in S32: after harvesting, placing the rice in the open air for 2 days to ensure that the water is dry, and then collecting and warehousing the rice;
s4: packaging, winnowing seeds in a warehouse, blowing off empty rice hulls, then putting into a rice peeling machine to prepare fresh-bud rice grains, then screening out full-grain rice grains by using a fresh-bud rice grain screening machine, and bagging by using a bagging machine, wherein a packaging bag used by the bagging machine needs to be added with silicon elements in a traditional packaging bag to ensure the freshness of the fresh-bud rice, and after the bagging is finished, inert gas nitrogen is filled into the packaging bag, and then the bag opening is sealed.
2. The system for planting fresh-bud rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeds are pre-treated before seed soaking in step S1, specifically, soaked in water at 10-25 ℃ for 15h, then soaked in water at 40-45 ℃ for 5min, and finally dried.
3. The system for planting fresh-bud rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the seed soaking liquid for soaking the seeds is controlled to be 30-35 ℃ for 13-15 h.
4. The fresh-bud rice planting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each liter of the seed soaking liquid comprises 550-700 ml of biogas slurry, 80-150 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution, 50-100 g of betaine, 0.8-1.2 g of proline and 150-370 ml of water.
5. The system for planting fresh-bud rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling-stage fertilizer comprises: 10-14 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of a soil beneficial microbial agent, 20-35 parts of soybean meal, 0.5-1 part of gelatin powder, 16-25 parts of ammonium chloride, 12-16 parts of potassium permanganate, 10-15 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and a proper amount of water.
6. The fresh-bud rice planting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the special fertilizer for rice is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts of organic fertilizer, 30-40 parts of compound fertilizer, 10-15 parts of fermented soybean meal and 5-8 parts of humic acid.
7. The system for planting fresh-bud rice in accordance with claim 1, wherein the shallow water depth after planting is 2cm to 3 cm.
8. The system for planting fresh-bud rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inert gas filled in the bag can be helium.
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| CN201911010897.5A CN110741891A (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Fresh bud rice planting system |
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| CN111264313A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-06-12 | 安徽过湾农业科技有限公司 | Planting system and method for selenium-rich broccoli |
| CN111418612A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-07-17 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Regulating agent for improving salt tolerance of crops and preparation method thereof |
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