CN109804886B - Method for remedying cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping of maidenhair and corn - Google Patents
Method for remedying cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping of maidenhair and corn Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing cadmium contaminated soil by intercropping maidenhair and corn, which comprises the following steps: (1) in spring, planting seedlings of maidenhair and corn in the middle of farmland soil polluted by cadmium, and fertilizing and irrigating at regular intervals; (2) preparing a repairing promoting liquid, and irrigating the roots of the sparrow with the repairing promoting liquid 1-2 days after each fertilization; (3) harvesting the ripe malachite grass and corn respectively; the repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract. According to the method, the peacock grass and the corn are intercropped, and meanwhile, the repairing promoting liquid prepared by the method is used for irrigating the peacock grass, so that the Cd content in the peacock grass is remarkably higher than that of the intercropping condition of the peacock grass which is singly planted or the repairing promoting liquid which is not irrigated, and the content of corn kernels is lower than that of the corn kernels during the singly planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a method for remediating cadmium-contaminated soil by intercropping maidenhair and corn.
Background
In recent years, the use of industrial products and synthetic materials in large quantities has led to a proliferation of the types and concentrations of heavy metals in the environment, and heavy metal poisoning has become one of the most important abiotic stresses inhibiting plant growth and development. Cadmium (Cd) is an important industrial and agricultural raw material, and many soils are polluted due to the use of a large amount of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture and the irrigation of cadmium-containing sewage. Cd is one of the heavy metals which are most easily absorbed and transported by plants, and a low concentration of Cd can cause a lot of harm to the plants, such as activating or inhibiting enzyme activity by substituting sulfydryl on a protein functional group, interfering ion metabolism, promoting formation and accumulation of free radicals, destroying a biological membrane structure and the like to influence main metabolic processes, so that the growth of the plants is inhibited, and even the plants die in severe cases. More than 7% of cultivated lands in China have Cd pollution of different degrees, and if people often take food with excessive Cd content, gene mutation is easily induced.
With the expansion of the heavy metal polluted soil area, the treatment of the heavy metal pollution of the soil becomes one of the environmental pollution problems to be solved urgently in the world of the 21 st century. At present, the methods for remedying the heavy metal contaminated soil mainly comprise a physical and chemical method, a bioremediation method, an agricultural regulation and control method and the like, wherein the bioremediation mainly comprises three aspects of phytoremediation, animal remediation and microbial remediation. The plant restoration technology has the advantages of low restoration cost, environmental friendliness, small damage to soil, suitability for large-area popularization and the like, and is a promising technology for solving the problem of farmland soil pollution. However, the plant restoration technology has limitation, the restoration period is long, if agricultural production needs to be interrupted, income of farmers is lost, and the situation is not in line with the national situation of China, so that in the restoration practice of heavy metal low-pollution farmlands, the safety production of crops is not influenced significantly while heavy metal polluted soil is treated as much as possible, and the enthusiasm of farmers for participating in treatment is fully mobilized. The method selects proper restoration plants to form an effective intercropping restoration mode with the cultivated crops, can enable the polluted soil to be restored, and simultaneously enables agricultural products to accord with the national food safety standard, and becomes a new research direction for restoring the heavy metal low-pollution farmland soil under the situation that the cultivated land area in China is increasingly reduced and the polluted cultivated land is continuously cultivated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for repairing cadmium contaminated soil by intercropping maidenhair and corn, which comprises the following steps:
(1) in spring, planting seedlings of maidenhair and corn in the middle of farmland soil polluted by cadmium, and fertilizing and irrigating at regular intervals;
(2) preparing a repairing promoting liquid, and irrigating the roots of the sparrow with the repairing promoting liquid 1-2 days after each fertilization;
(3) harvesting the ripe malachite grass and corn respectively;
the repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the extraction method of the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract comprises the following steps:
A. grinding grape seeds into powder, chopping roots of Chinese medicinal rhubarb, mixing the grape seed powder and the chopped rhubarb, soaking in deionized water for more than 20 hours, keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 50-60 ℃, and after soaking, performing solid-liquid separation to collect a liquid phase to obtain solid-phase residue and a solution A;
B. soaking the solid-phase slag in deionized water again, heating and boiling the deionized water for 3-5 hours, condensing and refluxing in the heating process, naturally cooling after heating, filtering, and collecting a liquid phase to obtain a solution B;
C. and fully mixing the solution A and the solution B, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the mass of the mixture is 10-20 times that of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb, thus obtaining the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract.
Further, the repair promoting liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.3 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 5-12 parts of glycine, 10-14 parts of potassium nitrate, 60-90 parts of grape seed-rhubarb composite extract and 100-200 parts of water.
Further, in the step A, the mixing mass ratio of the grape seed powder to the broken rheum officinale is as follows:
grape seed powder: broken rhubarb blocks =2: 1-1: 3;
the mass of the deionized water is 15-20 times of the mass of the mixture of the grape seed powder and the broken rhubarb dice.
Further, in the step B, the mass of the deionized water is 15-20 times of that of the solid-phase slag.
Furthermore, before the seedlings of the maidenhair and the corn seedlings are planted in the farmland soil polluted by the cadmium, the farmland soil polluted by the cadmium is subjected to pre-irrigation treatment, the pre-irrigation treatment liquid is a fulvic acid aqueous solution, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is irrigated to the farmland soil, and then the soil is loosened.
Further, in the fulvic acid aqueous solution, the mass percentage of fulvic acid is 12% -17%, and the irrigation amount of the fulvic acid aqueous solution is 10-20L/m2。
Furthermore, the inter-cropping of the malachite and the corns is a mutual interpenetration of one row of the malachite and one row of the corns, the planting row distance of the same row is 10-20 cm, the inter-row spacing is 40-50 cm, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied to the malachite and the corns twice in the ear growing period of the corns, the first fertilizing amount is 15-40 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 8-20 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is more than or equal to 5 days, and the soil moisture retention rate is controlled to be 40% -60%.
Further, the irrigation amount of the repair promoting liquid at one time is 100-300 mL/plant.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the method, the peacock grass and the corn are intercropped, and meanwhile, the repairing promoting liquid prepared by the method is used for irrigating the peacock grass, so that the Cd content in the peacock grass is remarkably higher than that of the intercropping condition of the peacock grass which is singly planted or the repairing promoting liquid which is not irrigated, and the content of corn kernels is lower than that of the corn kernels during the singly planting.
2. The fulvic acid dilute solution is irrigated in advance before intercropping the maidenhair and the corn seedlings, so that the enrichment of the maidenhair to Cd in soil in an intercropping state can be promoted to a certain extent, the absorption of Cd by corn is inhibited, and the content of Cd in corn kernels is further reduced.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description with reference to examples:
the malachite variety tested in each example and comparative example was "hero", and the corn variety tested was "Tongyu 609". Soil for experiment is collected to farmland soil in Nanchang county, CdCl is added into the soil2Adjusting the cadmium content in the soil to 1.0mg/kg, fully stirring the soil, and then placing the soil for one month to obtain the artificial soil.
A plurality of test fields with the length of 4m, the width of 3m and the depth of 0.5m are manufactured, the artificial soil is paved in each test field, and the soil remediation test is independently carried out in each test field according to the following methods:
example 1
The test field is repaired by adopting the following repairing steps:
(1) intercropping seedlings of maidenhair and corn seedlings in spring in a test field, intercropping the maidenhair and the corn into intercropping of one line of maidenhair and one line of corn, planting the plants in the same line at a spacing of 10-20 cm, and at an inter-line spacing of 40-50 cm, applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the maidenhair and the corn twice in the ear growing period of the corn, wherein the first fertilizing amount is 15 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 20 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is 5 days, and the soil water holding rate is controlled to be 40-60%;
(2) preparing a repair promoting liquid, and irrigating the roots of the sparrow after 1 day after each fertilization, wherein the irrigation amount of the repair promoting liquid at one time is 100 mL/plant;
(3) the malachite and the corn are respectively harvested after being mature.
The repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the extraction method of the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract comprises the following steps:
A. grinding grape seeds into powder, chopping roots of the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb, and mixing the grape seeds with the powder according to the mass ratio: 1, mixing grape seed powder and crushed rhubarb blocks, soaking the mixture in deionized water 15 times the mass of the mixture of the grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb blocks for 20 hours, keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 50-60 ℃, and after soaking, performing solid-liquid separation to collect a liquid phase to obtain solid-phase residue and a solution A;
B. soaking the solid-phase slag in deionized water 15 times of the solid-phase slag, heating and boiling the deionized water for 3 hours, condensing and refluxing in the heating process, naturally cooling after heating, filtering, and collecting a liquid phase to obtain a solution B;
C. and fully mixing the solution A and the solution B, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the mass of the mixture of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb is 10 times that of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb, namely the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract.
The repairing promotion liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 5 parts of glycine, 10 parts of potassium nitrate, 60 parts of grape seed-rhubarb composite extract and 100 parts of water.
Example 2
The test field is repaired by adopting the following repairing steps:
(1) intercropping seedlings of maidenhair and corn seedlings in spring in a test field, intercropping the maidenhair and the corn into intercropping of one line of maidenhair and one line of corn, planting the plants in the same line at a spacing of 10-20 cm, and at an inter-line spacing of 40-50 cm, applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the maidenhair and the corn twice in the ear growing period of the corn, wherein the first fertilizing amount is 32 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 16 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is 5 days, and the soil water holding rate is controlled to be 40-60%;
(2) preparing a repair promoting liquid, and irrigating the roots of the sparrow after 1 day after each fertilization, wherein the irrigation amount of the repair promoting liquid at one time is 200 mL/plant;
(3) the peacock grass and the corn are respectively harvested after being mature.
The repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the extraction method of the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract comprises the following steps:
A. grinding grape seeds into powder, chopping roots of the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb, and mixing the grape seeds with the powder according to the mass ratio: 2, mixing grape seed powder and crushed rhubarb blocks, soaking the mixture in deionized water with the mass being 18 times of the mass of the mixture of the grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb blocks for 20 hours, keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 50-60 ℃, and after soaking, carrying out solid-liquid separation and collecting a liquid phase to obtain solid-phase residue and a solution A;
B. soaking the solid-phase slag in deionized water with the mass 18 times that of the solid-phase slag again, heating and boiling the deionized water for 4 hours, condensing and refluxing in the heating process, naturally cooling after heating, filtering, and collecting a liquid phase to obtain a solution B;
C. and fully mixing the solution A and the solution B, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the mass of the mixture of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb is 15 times that of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb, namely the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract.
The repairing promotion liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 10 parts of glycine, 12 parts of potassium nitrate, 73 parts of grape seed-rhubarb composite extract and 150 parts of water.
Example 3
The test field is repaired by adopting the following repairing steps:
(1) intercropping seedlings of maidenhair and corn seedlings in spring in a test field, intercropping the maidenhair and the corn into intercropping of one line of maidenhair and one line of corn, planting the plants in the same line at a spacing of 10-20 cm, and at an inter-line spacing of 40-50 cm, applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the maidenhair and the corn twice in the ear growing period of the corn, wherein the first fertilizing amount is 40 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 8 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is 5 days, and the soil water holding rate is controlled to be 40-60%;
(2) preparing a repair promoting liquid, and irrigating the roots of the sparrow after 1 day after each fertilization, wherein the irrigation amount of the repair promoting liquid at one time is 300 mL/plant;
(3) the peacock grass and the corn are respectively harvested after being mature.
The repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the extraction method of the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract comprises the following steps:
A. grinding grape seeds into powder, chopping roots of the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb, and mixing the grape seeds with the powder according to the mass ratio: broken rhubarb dices =1:3, mixing grape seed powder and broken rhubarb dices, soaking in deionized water with the mass 20 times that of the mixture of the grape seed powder and the broken rhubarb dices for 20 hours, keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 50-60 ℃, and after soaking, carrying out solid-liquid separation and collecting a liquid phase to obtain solid-phase residue and a solution A;
B. soaking the solid-phase slag in deionized water with the mass 20 times that of the solid-phase slag again, heating and boiling the deionized water for 5 hours, condensing and refluxing in the heating process, naturally cooling after heating, filtering, and collecting a liquid phase to obtain a solution B;
C. and fully mixing the solution A and the solution B, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the mass of the mixture of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb is 20 times that of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb, namely the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract.
The repairing promotion liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 12 parts of glycine, 14 parts of potassium nitrate, 90 parts of grape seed-rhubarb composite extract and 200 parts of water.
Example 4
In this embodiment, a test field soil pre-irrigation treatment step is performed before step (1) in embodiment 2, that is, in the repair step of this embodiment, before the seedlings of maidenhair and corn are planted in the test field, the test field soil is pre-irrigated, the pre-irrigation treatment liquid is an aqueous solution of fulvic acid, the aqueous solution of fulvic acid is irrigated to the field soil, and then the soil is loosened. After soil was loosened, the soil was allowed to stand for 15 days, and then a subsequent remediation test was performed according to the exactly same procedures and process parameters as described in example 2.
In the fulvic acid aqueous solution described in this embodiment, the fulvic acid content is 15% by mass, and the watering amount of the fulvic acid aqueous solution is 16L/m2。
Comparative example 1
The comparative example adopts the single crop corn to repair the test field, and comprises the following steps:
(1) transplanting corn seedlings in a test field in spring, wherein the corn seedlings are planted in a row-by-row mode, the planting distance of the same row is 10-20 cm, the inter-row spacing is 40-50 cm, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied twice in the ear growing period of corn, the first fertilizing amount is 32 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 16 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is 5 days, and the soil water holding rate is controlled to be 40% -60%;
(2) preparing a repair promoting liquid, and irrigating the root of the corn with the repair promoting liquid after 1 day after each fertilization, wherein the irrigation amount of the repair promoting liquid at one time is 200 mL/plant;
(3) the corn is harvested after being matured.
The repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the extraction method of the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract comprises the following steps:
A. grinding grape seeds into powder, chopping roots of the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb, and mixing the grape seeds with the powder according to the mass ratio: 2, mixing grape seed powder and crushed rhubarb blocks, soaking the mixture in deionized water with the mass being 18 times of the mass of the mixture of the grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb blocks for 20 hours, keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 50-60 ℃, and after soaking, carrying out solid-liquid separation and collecting a liquid phase to obtain solid-phase residue and a solution A;
B. soaking the solid-phase slag in deionized water with the mass 18 times that of the solid-phase slag again, heating and boiling the deionized water for 4 hours, condensing and refluxing in the heating process, naturally cooling after heating, filtering, and collecting a liquid phase to obtain a solution B;
C. and fully mixing the solution A and the solution B, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the mass of the mixture of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb is 15 times that of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb, namely the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract.
The repairing promotion liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 10 parts of glycine, 12 parts of potassium nitrate, 73 parts of grape seed-rhubarb composite extract and 150 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example adopts the single-crop malachite grass to repair the test field, and comprises the following steps:
(1) in spring, the seedlings of the maidenhair are singly planted in the test field, the maidenhair is planted in a row-by-row mode, the planting distance of the same row is 10-20 cm, the inter-row spacing is 40-50 cm, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied to the maidenhair twice in the early May and middle ten days, the first fertilizing amount is 32 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 16 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is 5 days, and the soil water holding rate is controlled to be 40% -60%;
(2) preparing a repair promoting liquid, and irrigating the roots of the sparrow after 1 day after each fertilization, wherein the irrigation amount of the repair promoting liquid at one time is 200 mL/plant;
(3) and harvesting the ripe malachite.
The repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the extraction method of the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract comprises the following steps:
A. grinding grape seeds into powder, chopping roots of the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb, and mixing the grape seeds with the powder according to the mass ratio: 2, mixing grape seed powder and crushed rhubarb blocks, soaking the mixture in deionized water with the mass being 18 times of the mass of the mixture of the grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb blocks for 20 hours, keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 50-60 ℃, and after soaking, carrying out solid-liquid separation and collecting a liquid phase to obtain solid-phase residue and a solution A;
B. soaking the solid-phase slag in deionized water with the mass 18 times that of the solid-phase slag again, heating and boiling the deionized water for 4 hours, condensing and refluxing in the heating process, naturally cooling after heating, filtering, and collecting a liquid phase to obtain a solution B;
C. and fully mixing the solution A and the solution B, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the mass of the mixture of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb is 15 times that of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb, namely the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract.
The repairing promotion liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 10 parts of glycine, 12 parts of potassium nitrate, 73 parts of grape seed-rhubarb composite extract and 150 parts of water.
Comparative example 3
The procedure for repairing the test field according to this comparative example is the same as in example 2, except that: the method does not contain a repairing promoting liquid, only intercrops the maidenhair and the corn, and comprises the following repairing steps:
(1) intercropping seedlings of maidenhair and corn seedlings in spring in a test field, intercropping the maidenhair and the corn into intercropping of one line of maidenhair and one line of corn, planting the plants in the same line at a spacing of 10-20 cm, and at an inter-line spacing of 40-50 cm, applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the maidenhair and the corn twice in the ear growing period of the corn, wherein the first fertilizing amount is 32 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 16 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is 5 days, and the soil water holding rate is controlled to be 40-60%;
(2) the peacock grass and the corn are respectively harvested after being mature.
Comparative example 4
The procedure for repairing the test field according to this comparative example is the same as in example 2, except that: the restoration promoting liquid used in the comparative example does not contain the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the content of other components is completely the same as that of each component of the restoration promoting liquid described in example 2. Except for the above differences, other steps, process parameters and methods of the repair step of this comparative example were exactly the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 5
The procedure for repairing the test field according to this comparative example is the same as in example 2, except that: the repair acceleration liquid used in this comparative example did not contain p-hydroxybenzoic acid and glycine, and the contents of other components were exactly the same as those of the repair acceleration liquid described in example 2. Except for the above differences, other steps, process parameters and methods of the repair step of this comparative example were exactly the same as in example 2.
Example 5
Digging out the whole peacock grass harvested in each group of examples and comparative examples, peeling off corn kernels obtained in each group of tests, respectively cleaning the peacock grass and corn kernel samples to be tested with clear water, removing sand grains, soil or attachments contained in the samples, deactivating enzymes in a drying oven at 105 ℃ for 20min, drying in an environment at 70 ℃ until the weight is not changed, and respectively cutting and grinding the plant samples after drying. Accurately weighing 0.5g of plant sample scraps, and determining the content of Cd in the plant sample by a nitric acid-perchloric acid digestion method and a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. And (3) determining the content of Cd in the soil after the remediation of each test field by adopting a aqua regia-perchloric acid digestion method and a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Test group | Cd content (mg/kg) in maidenhair | Cd content in corn grain (mg/kg) | Cd content in soil (mg/kg) |
| Examples1 | 5.92 | 0.05 | 0.38 |
| Example 2 | 6.08 | 0.04 | 0.32 |
| Example 3 | 6.02 | 0.05 | 0.34 |
| Example 4 | 6.75 | 0.02 | 0.23 |
| Comparative example 1 | / | 0.12 | 0.96 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3.56 | / | 0.77 |
| Comparative example 3 | 4.39 | 0.06 | 0.67 |
| Comparative example 4 | 4.33 | 0.05 | 0.61 |
| Comparative example 5 | 5.04 | 0.05 | 0.52 |
As shown in Table 1, the remediation method provided by the invention can effectively remediate cadmium contaminated farmland soil, cadmium is mainly enriched in maidenhair, and cadmium content in corn kernels is relatively low. As can be seen from the comparison of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4, the fulvic acid dilute solution is irrigated in advance before intercropping the maidenhair and the corn seedlings, the enrichment of the maidenhair on Cd in soil can be promoted to a certain extent, the improvement of the Cd content in the maidenhair is shown, the absorption of the corn on the Cd is simultaneously inhibited, and the Cd content in the corn grains is further reduced. Comparing example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that under the process of the present invention (i.e. including the repair promoting liquid), the repairing effect of the intercropping of the malachite and the corn on the soil is more obvious than that of the single crop; compared with the example 2 and the comparative examples 3-5, the repairing promoting liquid prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out the irrigation treatment on the maidenhair, so that the content of Cd in the maidenhair is obviously higher than that of the repairing promoting liquid which is not irrigated, and the effect that the maidenhair has stronger enrichment capacity on cadmium and better repairing effect on soil is shown. But the remediation promoting liquid has less influence on the cadmium content in the corn kernels.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and for those skilled in the art, the ideas according to the embodiments of the present invention may be changed in the specific implementation manners and the application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping maidenhair and corn is characterized by comprising the following repairing steps:
(1) in spring, planting seedlings of maidenhair and corn in the middle of farmland soil polluted by cadmium, and fertilizing and irrigating at regular intervals;
(2) preparing a repairing promoting liquid, and irrigating the roots of the sparrow with the repairing promoting liquid 1-2 days after each fertilization;
(3) harvesting the ripe malachite grass and corn respectively;
the repair promoting liquid is an aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, glycine, potassium nitrate and a grape seed-rhubarb composite extract, and the extraction method of the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract comprises the following steps:
A. grinding grape seeds into powder, chopping roots of Chinese medicinal rhubarb, mixing the grape seed powder and the chopped rhubarb, soaking in deionized water for more than 20 hours, keeping the temperature of the deionized water at 50-60 ℃, and after soaking, performing solid-liquid separation to collect a liquid phase to obtain solid-phase residue and a solution A;
B. soaking the solid-phase slag in deionized water again, heating and boiling the deionized water for 3-5 hours, condensing and refluxing in the heating process, naturally cooling after heating, filtering, and collecting a liquid phase to obtain a solution B;
C. fully mixing the solution A and the solution B, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the mass of the mixture is 10-20 times that of the original grape seed powder and the crushed rhubarb, namely the grape seed-rhubarb composite extract;
before the seedlings of the malachite grass and the corn seedlings are planted in the middle of the farmland soil polluted by the cadmium, pre-irrigating the farmland soil polluted by the cadmium, wherein the pre-irrigating treatment liquid is a fulvic acid aqueous solution, irrigating the farmland soil by the fulvic acid aqueous solution, and then loosening the soil.
2. The method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping maidenhair and corns according to claim 1, wherein the repair promoting liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.3 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 5-12 parts of glycine, 10-14 parts of potassium nitrate, 60-90 parts of grape seed-rhubarb composite extract and 100-200 parts of water.
3. The method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping maidenhair and corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step A, the mixing mass ratio of the grape seed powder to the broken rheum officinale is as follows:
grape seed powder: broken rhubarb blocks =2: 1-1: 3;
the mass of the deionized water is 15-20 times of the mass of the mixture of the grape seed powder and the broken rhubarb dice.
4. The method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping maidenhair and corn according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the mass of deionized water is 15-20 times of that of the solid-phase slag.
5. The method for intercropping and repairing cadmium contaminated soil by using maidenhair and corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fulvic acid aqueous solution comprises 12-17% by weight of fulvic acid, and the irrigation amount of the fulvic acid aqueous solution is 10-20L/m2。
6. The method for remediating cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping of maidenhair and corn according to claim 1, wherein the intercropping of the maidenhair and the corn is the intercropping of one row of maidenhair and one row of corn, the planting distance of the same row is 10-20 cm, the inter-row spacing is 40-50 cm, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied to the maidenhair and the corn twice in the ear growing period of the corn, the first fertilizing amount is 15-40 kg/mu, the second fertilizing amount is 8-20 kg/mu, the time interval between the two fertilizing is not less than 5 days, and the soil water holding rate is controlled to be 40-60%.
7. The method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping maidenhair and corns according to claim 1, wherein the irrigation amount of the repair promoting liquid for one time is 100-300 mL/plant.
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| CN112893453B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 华南师范大学 | Method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by intercropping corn and wedelia chinensis and inoculating AMF |
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| CN107445726A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-08 | 阿米巴南京生物技术有限责任公司 | A kind of organic water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN107790491B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-10-26 | 江西夏氏春秋环境股份有限公司 | A method of using making restoring cadmium polluted farmland between corn and Sedum alfredii Hance |
| CN108586125A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-28 | 安徽农业大学 | Composite passivant, preparation method and the application method of restoring cadmium polluted rice terrace |
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