CN109006298B - Pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment - Google Patents
Pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109006298B CN109006298B CN201810949357.2A CN201810949357A CN109006298B CN 109006298 B CN109006298 B CN 109006298B CN 201810949357 A CN201810949357 A CN 201810949357A CN 109006298 B CN109006298 B CN 109006298B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
Abstract
The invention discloses a pinellia ternate planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment, relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, and comprises the following steps: (1) seed treatment; (2) managing the field; the pinellia ternate planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment is simple, and the cadmium content in the pinellia ternate is effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, and particularly relates to a pinellia ternate planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment.
Background
Pinellia ternate is a common Chinese medicinal material used for more than 2000 years, and is used as a medicine by dried tubers, which is recorded in Shen nong Ben Cao Jing. Has the effects of eliminating dampness and phlegm, lowering adverse qi and preventing vomiting, and relieving distension and fullness and dispersing accumulation of pathogen. The pinellia ternate item recorded in 2010 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia includes three forms of medicinal materials, decoction pieces and processed products (rhizoma pinellinae praeparata, ginger processed pinellia ternate and rhizoma pinellinae praeparata). Anhui is one of the main producing areas of pinellia ternata, including Yixia pinellia ternata, Shuban Xia, Ying ban Xia, Jia ban Xia, etc. At present, the yield of pinellia ternate comes from wild and artificially planted pinellia ternate, the dosage of the pinellia ternate is larger and larger along with the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, wild resources obviously cannot meet the requirement, and people perform artificial planting of the pinellia ternate in order to improve the yield of the pinellia ternate. In the process of artificial planting in the semi-summer, the environment such as soil and the like is greatly polluted, so that the quality of finished products of the pinellia ternata is influenced, and the sale and export of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials such as the pinellia ternata are limited if cadmium elements in the pinellia ternata products exceed the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pinellia ternate planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment, aiming at the existing problems.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment
Activating pinellia ternate seeds in a magnetic field for 5-8min, soaking 3.5% by mass of Oscillatoria garcinia chloroform extract dispersion liquid for 4-6 hours after activation, filtering, and accelerating germination at 32 ℃ for 10 hours, namely sowing;
(2) management of field
When new buds of pinellia ternate are exposed and new roots of pinellia ternate grow again after the pinellia ternate is unshelled, irrigating half summer with an improved solution obtained by mixing Oscillatoria chloroform extract and humate and dissolving in water, and continuously irrigating for 5 times every 6-8 days to wait for the pinellia ternate to mature and collect.
Further, the preparation method of the oscillatoria chloroform extract comprises the following steps:
(1) drying Oscillatoria algae to water content of 12%, pulverizing to obtain Oscillatoria algae powder, soaking in clear water 8 times the mass of the Oscillatoria algae powder at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, ultrasonic extracting for 35min, filtering, repeating the above extraction process for 3 times, and mixing multiple extractive solutions to obtain primary extractive solution;
(2) concentrating the primary extraction solution under reduced pressure until the relative density is 1.06 mg/mL to obtain a concentrated solution, and mixing the concentrated solution and water according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.5, mixing to obtain a diluted concentrated solution;
(3) extracting with chloroform of the same volume as the diluted concentrated solution for 45min, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain chloroform extract.
Furthermore, the mesh number of the oscillatoria powder is 60 meshes.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency is 45kHz, and the power is 800W.
Further, the temperature for soaking the Oscillatoria chloroform extract dispersion liquid is 45 ℃.
Further, the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic field is 80T, and the temperature is 40 ℃.
Further, the improvement liquid is prepared by mixing a oscillatoria chloroform extract, humate and water according to the mass ratio of 1.2:5.5: 50.
Further, the humate is formed by mixing potassium humate and zinc humate according to the mass ratio of 5: 1.
Further, the irrigation amount of the improvement liquid is 80 kg/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the pinellia ternate planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment is simple, the pinellia ternate seeds are subjected to activation treatment in a magnetic field with certain intensity, the characteristics of later-stage plants of pinellia ternate plants can be effectively improved, the absorption resistance of the pinellia ternate plants to heavy metals is improved to a certain extent, the enrichment amount is reduced, the quality of pinellia ternate is improved, meanwhile, the pinellia ternate seeds are subjected to activation treatment in the magnetic field, the activity and the cell activity of cell enzymes in the pinellia ternate seeds are excited, then the Oscillating algae chloroform extract dispersion liquid is used for soaking treatment, active ingredients in the Oscillating algae chloroform extract dispersion liquid can be more easily permeated into pinellia ternate seed cells, so that the development of pinellia ternate seed embryos is further promoted, particularly the development degree of radicles is remarkably improved, and the subsequent germination characteristics and the growth activity of the pinellia ternate seeds are enhanced, after pinellia ternate is sown, the pinellia ternate is irrigated in the middle summer by an improvement solution obtained by mixing a Oscillatoria chloroform extract and humate and dissolving in water when new buds are exposed out of the pinellia ternate and new roots grow again after the pinellia ternate is unshelled, so that the expression of resistance in the cells of the roots of pinellia ternate plants can be effectively stimulated, the activity of stress-resistant related enzymes is enhanced, the stability of nutrient absorption and growth and development of heavy metal ions in soil, particularly the stability of cadmium ions in overhigh concentration, the absorption capacity of the roots of the pinellia ternate to cadmium ions is remarkably inhibited, the growth and development rate of the pinellia ternate can be promoted to a certain extent, the harvesting period is shortened, and the economic benefit.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment
Activating pinellia ternate seeds in a magnetic field for 5min, soaking 3.5% by mass of Oscillatoria garcinia chloroform extract dispersion liquid for 4 hours after activation, filtering, accelerating germination at 32 ℃ for 10 hours, and sowing;
(2) management of field
When new buds of pinellia ternate are exposed and new roots of pinellia ternate grow again after the pinellia ternate is unshelled, irrigating half summer with an improved solution obtained by mixing Oscillatoria chloroform extract and humate and dissolving in water, continuously irrigating for 5 times every 6 days, and waiting for the pinellia ternate to be mature and harvested.
Further, the preparation method of the oscillatoria chloroform extract comprises the following steps:
(1) drying Oscillatoria algae to water content of 12%, pulverizing to obtain Oscillatoria algae powder, soaking in clear water 8 times the mass of the Oscillatoria algae powder at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, ultrasonic extracting for 35min, filtering, repeating the above extraction process for 3 times, and mixing multiple extractive solutions to obtain primary extractive solution;
(2) concentrating the primary extraction solution under reduced pressure until the relative density is 1.06 mg/mL to obtain a concentrated solution, and mixing the concentrated solution and water according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.5, mixing to obtain a diluted concentrated solution;
(3) extracting with chloroform of the same volume as the diluted concentrated solution for 45min, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain chloroform extract.
Furthermore, the mesh number of the oscillatoria powder is 60 meshes.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency is 45kHz, and the power is 800W.
Further, the temperature for soaking the Oscillatoria chloroform extract dispersion liquid is 45 ℃.
Further, the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic field is 80T, and the temperature is 40 ℃.
Further, the improvement liquid is prepared by mixing a oscillatoria chloroform extract, humate and water according to the mass ratio of 1.2:5.5: 50.
Further, the humate is formed by mixing potassium humate and zinc humate according to the mass ratio of 5: 1.
Further, the irrigation amount of the improvement liquid is 80 kg/mu.
Example 2
A pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment
Activating pinellia ternate seeds in a magnetic field for 8min, soaking 3.5% by mass of Oscillatoria garcinia chloroform extract dispersion liquid for 6 hours after activation, filtering, accelerating germination at 32 ℃ for 10 hours, and sowing;
(2) management of field
When new buds of pinellia ternate are exposed and new roots of pinellia ternate grow again after the pinellia ternate is unshelled, irrigating half summer with an improved solution obtained by mixing Oscillatoria chloroform extract and humate and dissolving in water, continuously irrigating for 5 times every 8 days, and waiting for the pinellia ternate to be mature and harvested.
Further, the preparation method of the oscillatoria chloroform extract comprises the following steps:
(1) drying Oscillatoria algae to water content of 12%, pulverizing to obtain Oscillatoria algae powder, soaking in clear water 8 times the mass of the Oscillatoria algae powder at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, ultrasonic extracting for 35min, filtering, repeating the above extraction process for 3 times, and mixing multiple extractive solutions to obtain primary extractive solution;
(2) concentrating the primary extraction solution under reduced pressure until the relative density is 1.06 mg/mL to obtain a concentrated solution, and mixing the concentrated solution and water according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.5, mixing to obtain a diluted concentrated solution;
(3) extracting with chloroform of the same volume as the diluted concentrated solution for 45min, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain chloroform extract.
Furthermore, the mesh number of the oscillatoria powder is 60 meshes.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency is 45kHz, and the power is 800W.
Further, the temperature for soaking the Oscillatoria chloroform extract dispersion liquid is 45 ℃.
Further, the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic field is 80T, and the temperature is 40 ℃.
Further, the improvement liquid is prepared by mixing a oscillatoria chloroform extract, humate and water according to the mass ratio of 1.2:5.5: 50.
Further, the humate is formed by mixing potassium humate and zinc humate according to the mass ratio of 5: 1.
Further, the irrigation amount of the improvement liquid is 80 kg/mu.
Example 3
A pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment
Activating pinellia ternate seeds in a magnetic field for 6min, soaking 3.5% by mass of Oscillatoria garcinia chloroform extract dispersion liquid for 5 hours after activation, filtering, accelerating germination at 32 ℃ for 10 hours, and sowing;
(2) management of field
When new buds of pinellia ternate are exposed and new roots of pinellia ternate grow again after the pinellia ternate is unshelled, irrigating half summer with an improved solution obtained by mixing Oscillatoria chloroform extract and humate and dissolving in water, continuously irrigating for 5 times every 7 days, and waiting for the pinellia ternate to be mature and harvested.
Further, the preparation method of the oscillatoria chloroform extract comprises the following steps:
(1) drying Oscillatoria algae to water content of 12%, pulverizing to obtain Oscillatoria algae powder, soaking in clear water 8 times the mass of the Oscillatoria algae powder at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, ultrasonic extracting for 35min, filtering, repeating the above extraction process for 3 times, and mixing multiple extractive solutions to obtain primary extractive solution;
(2) concentrating the primary extraction solution under reduced pressure until the relative density is 1.06 mg/mL to obtain a concentrated solution, and mixing the concentrated solution and water according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.5, mixing to obtain a diluted concentrated solution;
(3) extracting with chloroform of the same volume as the diluted concentrated solution for 45min, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain chloroform extract.
Furthermore, the mesh number of the oscillatoria powder is 60 meshes.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency is 45kHz, and the power is 800W.
Further, the temperature for soaking the Oscillatoria chloroform extract dispersion liquid is 45 ℃.
Further, the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic field is 80T, and the temperature is 40 ℃.
Further, the improvement liquid is prepared by mixing a oscillatoria chloroform extract, humate and water according to the mass ratio of 1.2:5.5: 50.
Further, the humate is formed by mixing potassium humate and zinc humate according to the mass ratio of 5: 1.
Further, the irrigation amount of the improvement liquid is 80 kg/mu.
Comparative example 1: the only difference from example 1 is that no magnetic field activation treatment was performed.
Comparative example 2: the only difference from example 1 was that the chloroform extract dispersion of oscillatoria was replaced with clear water.
Comparative example 3: the only difference from example 1 is that the improvement liquid is replaced by clean water.
Comparative example 4: the difference from example 1 is only that humate is not added to the improvement solution.
In the first area of the province of Anhui province, selecting 7 mu of soil in the same area, randomly dividing the soil into 7 groups, wherein each group is 1 mu, planting pinellia ternata in each group according to the embodiment and the comparative method, and comparing the germination rate of pinellia ternata seeds in each group and the survival rate of seedlings:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the treatment of pinellia ternata seeds in the invention can greatly improve the germination rate and the seedling survival rate of the pinellia ternata seeds.
In order to compare the effects of the invention, pinellia tuber seeds collected in the same batch are selected as experimental objects and randomly divided into 7 groups, then adjacent experimental fields are selected and separated into seven blocks, the soil of the initial test field is detected to find that the total cadmium content in the soil is 3.82-3.86mg/kg [ the soil is digested by HCl-HNO 3-HF-HClO 4 and is measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (novAA 400-Germany Jena) ], belongs to the soil polluted by cadmium, and finally pinellia ternata seeds are planted by the method of the embodiment and the method of the comparative example respectively, each test field corresponds to one treatment planting method, finally, the ripe pinellia tubers are subjected to cadmium content test (determined by GB/T5009.15-2003 graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry) while ensuring that the pinellia tubers do not influence each other during planting, and specific comparative data are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the planting method of the invention can effectively inhibit the cadmium enrichment and absorption of pinellia ternata, and greatly reduce the cadmium content in pinellia ternata.
Claims (8)
1. A pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seed treatment
Activating pinellia ternate seeds in a magnetic field for 5-8min, soaking 3.5% by mass of Oscillatoria garcinia chloroform extract dispersion liquid for 4-6 hours after activation, filtering, and accelerating germination at 32 ℃ for 10 hours, namely sowing;
(2) management of field
When new buds of pinellia ternate are exposed and new roots of pinellia ternate grow again after the pinellia ternate is unshelled, irrigating half summer with an improved solution obtained by mixing Oscillatoria chloroform extract and humate and dissolving in water, and continuously irrigating for 5 times every 6-8 days to wait for the pinellia ternate to mature and collect.
2. The pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment according to claim 1, wherein the oscillatoria chloroform extract is prepared by the following steps:
(1) drying Oscillatoria algae to water content of 12%, pulverizing to obtain Oscillatoria algae powder, soaking in clear water 8 times the mass of the Oscillatoria algae powder at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, ultrasonic extracting for 35min, filtering, repeating the above extraction process for 3 times, and mixing multiple extractive solutions to obtain primary extractive solution;
(2) concentrating the primary extraction solution under reduced pressure until the relative density is 1.06 mg/mL to obtain a concentrated solution, and mixing the concentrated solution and water according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.5, mixing to obtain a diluted concentrated solution;
(3) extracting with chloroform of the same volume as the diluted concentrated solution for 45min, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain chloroform extract.
3. The pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment according to claim 2, wherein the oscillatoria powder is 60 meshes.
4. The planting method of pinellia ternata for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 45kHz and the power is 800W.
5. The method for planting pinellia ternata capable of inhibiting cadmium content enrichment according to claim 1, wherein the temperature for soaking the chloroform oscillatoria extract dispersion is 45 ℃.
6. The pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic field is 80T, and the temperature is 40 ℃.
7. The pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content from being enriched according to claim 1, wherein the improvement solution is prepared by mixing a oscillatoria chloroform extract, humate and water in a mass ratio of 1.2:5.5: 50.
8. The pinellia ternata planting method for inhibiting cadmium content enrichment according to claim 1, wherein the irrigation amount of the improvement solution is 80 kg/mu.
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