CN111411538A - 纤维素纤维织物印花工艺 - Google Patents

纤维素纤维织物印花工艺 Download PDF

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CN111411538A
CN111411538A CN202010178632.2A CN202010178632A CN111411538A CN 111411538 A CN111411538 A CN 111411538A CN 202010178632 A CN202010178632 A CN 202010178632A CN 111411538 A CN111411538 A CN 111411538A
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fiber fabric
modification
cellulose fiber
printing process
soaping
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CN111411538B (zh
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左凯杰
李正磊
李华生
王碧华
孟玉刚
黄庄芳容
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Changzhou New Wide Knitting & Dyeing Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,具有以下步骤:①纤维素纤维织物阳离子改性;②漂白、酸中和、烘干;③活性染料印花;④蒸化、水洗、皂洗、成品定型;阳离子改性为冷堆改性或者浸渍改性;冷堆改性中阳离子改性剂用量为20~50g/L,浸渍改性中阳离子改性剂用量为10~30g/L;活性染料印花中需要添加三乙烯二胺、烟酸、三甲胺、吡啶等催化剂。本发明的印花工艺对纤维素纤维织物进行适度阳离子改性,同时在印花时加入催化剂,这样在蒸化固色过程中,阳离子吸附与催化固色同步进行,具有协同作用,这样既保证了活性染料的高固色率,降低了印花后水洗难度,又有效避免了白底沾色的问题,减少了印花水洗的用水量。

Description

纤维素纤维织物印花工艺
技术领域
本发明属于纺织品印花技术领域,具体涉及一种纤维素纤维织物印花工艺。
背景技术
纺织品印花技术源远流长,古代就有扎染、蜡染等工艺在纺织品上呈现出各种复杂的花型。
随着近代工业革命的开始,出现了批量化生产的平网印花和圆网印花,特别是进入21世纪以来,电子信息技术飞速发展,湿法转移印花和数码喷墨印花等新工艺不断涌现,使印花产品呈现更加立体、逼真的效果。
但是,纤维素纤维织物在应用上述印花工艺过程中,存在活性染料固色率不高的问题,不仅会造成花型颜色较浅、不够鲜艳,而且会导致印花废水色度高、处理难道大等问题。
对纤维素纤维织物进行阳离子改性是解决活性染料固色率问题最常见的方法,被广泛应用在纤维素纤维织物染色技术领域,但是在纤维素纤维织物印花技术领域采用常规阳离子改性后会出现明显的白底沾色的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决上述问题,提供一种在提高活性染料固色率的同时能够有效避免白底沾色问题的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,该印花工艺适用于平网印花、圆网印花、湿法转移印花、数码喷墨印花。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是:一种纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,具有以下步骤:①纤维素纤维织物阳离子改性;②漂白、酸中和、烘干;③活性染料印花;④蒸化、水洗、皂洗、成品定型。
上述步骤①中所述阳离子改性为冷堆改性或者浸渍改性。
所述冷堆改性是将纤维素纤维织物置于冷堆改性液中,经均匀轧车浸轧,然后常温堆置。
所述浸轧的轧余率为70~85%;所述常温堆置时间为12~20h。
所述浸渍改性是将纤维素纤维织物置于浸渍改性液中,70~90℃保温浸渍40~60min。
对于冷堆改性,常规阳离子改性的改性剂用量为10%(相当于100g/L)左右;对于浸渍改性,常规阳离子改性的改性剂用量为5%(相当于50g/L)左右。申请人经过大量试验发现:采用上述常规用量的阳离子改性剂不可避免地会造成白底沾色的问题,而降低阳离子改性剂的用量(也即适度阳离子改性)能够明显改善白底沾色的问题。
因此,本申请的冷堆改性液的配方如下:阳离子改性剂20~50g/L、氢氧化钠10~20g/L、渗透剂3~8g/L、其余为水;本申请的浸渍改性液的配方如下:阳离子改性剂10~30g/L、氢氧化钠5~15g/L、渗透剂0.5~5g/L、其余为水。
所述阳离子改性剂为3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵类阳离子季铵盐;所述渗透剂为耐强碱性非硅渗透剂FS。
上述步骤②中所述漂白是将步骤①阳离子改性后的纤维素纤维织物投入含有双氧水和乳化剂的漂白浴中,于90~110℃处理15~60min,之后降温、排液、水洗。
上述步骤②中所述酸中和的温度为20~40℃,时间为10~20min。
上述步骤②中所述烘干的温度为100~130℃。
上述步骤③的活性染料印花可以采用平网印花、圆网印花、湿法转移印花、数码喷墨印花等各种常规印花工艺,具体工艺随印花方式不同而作调整,印花完成后再次烘干。
对于数码喷墨印花,需要在上浆液中添加催化剂;对于其它印花,则需要在色浆中添加催化剂。
所述催化剂为三乙烯二胺、烟酸、三甲胺、吡啶中的一种或者两种。
上述步骤④中所述蒸化采用蒸罐或者连续式蒸化机,蒸化温度为102~105℃,蒸化时间为6~10min。
上述步骤④中所述水洗包括先冷水洗10~15min,去除浮色;然后在40℃~50℃的温度下水洗10~15min,去除糊料。
上述步骤④中所述皂洗的温度为85℃~98℃,时间为10~20min。
上述步骤④中所述皂洗采用的皂洗剂优选为防沾皂洗剂,用量浓度为1~2g/L。
上述步骤④中所述成品定型的温度为140~160℃。
本发明具有的积极效果:
(1)本发明的印花工艺对纤维素纤维织物进行适度阳离子改性,同时在印花时加入催化剂,这样在蒸化固色过程中,阳离子吸附与催化固色同步进行,具有协同作用,这样既保证了活性染料的高固色率,降低了印花后水洗难度,又有效避免了白底沾色的问题,减少了印花水洗的用水量。
(2)本发明的印花工艺适用范围广,对于平网印花、圆网印花、湿法转移印花、数码喷墨印花等均适用。
具体实施方式
(实施例1)
本实施例的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺具体步骤如下:
①将100%纯棉织物置于浸渍改性液中,80℃保温浸渍40min。
浸渍改性液的配方如下:阳离子改性剂20g/L、氢氧化钠10g/L、渗透剂1.5g/L、其余为水。其中,阳离子改性剂为3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵类阳离子季铵盐,渗透剂为耐强碱性非硅渗透剂FS。
②将步骤①阳离子改性后的100%纯棉织物投入含有双氧水7g/L和乳化剂1g/L的漂白浴中,于98℃处理40min,之后降温、排液、水洗。
漂白后,先30℃酸中和15min,再120℃低温快速烘干。
③数码喷墨印花。
将步骤②烘干后的100%纯棉织物先浸轧上浆液,然后100℃烘干,接着再用含有活性墨水黄色和活性墨水青色【均来源于甲亨数码科技(上海)有限公司】的数码喷墨印花机喷印深绿色花型,印花完成后100℃烘干。
上浆液的配方如下:10wt%海藻酸钠糊料、3wt%尿素、1wt%三乙烯二胺、其余为水。
④采用连续式蒸化机,102℃蒸化6min。
然后先冷水洗10min,去除浮色;再在50℃的温度下水洗15min,去除糊料。
接着在95℃的温度下采用1.5g/L的SC棉用防沾皂洗剂【来源于上海德桑精细化工有限公司】皂洗15min。
最后150℃成品定型。
(实施例2~实施例3)
各实施例的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于步骤①中浸渍改性液各组分的用量以及步骤③中上浆液各组分的用量,具体见表1。
(对比例1~对比例3)
各对比例的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于步骤①中浸渍改性液各组分的用量以及步骤③中上浆液各组分的用量,具体见表1。
(测试例1)
测试实施例1~实施例3以及对比例1~对比例3印花后的织物相关性能,结果见表1。
表1
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例1 对比例2 对比例3
阳离子改性剂 20g/L 25g/L 15g/L 20g/L / 50g/L
氢氧化钠 10g/L 12g/L 8g/L 10g/L / 20g/L
渗透剂 1.5g/L 3g/L 1g/L 1.5g/L / 8g/L
海藻酸钠糊料 10wt% 10wt% 10wt% 10wt% 10wt% 10wt%
尿素 3wt% 3wt% 3wt% 3wt% 3wt% 3wt%
三乙烯二胺 1wt% 0.5wt% / 1wt% /
烟酸 1wt% 0.5wt% / /
K/S值 42.19 40.35 41.85 33.47 20.12 43.27
干摩擦牢度 4级 4级 4级 4级 3-4级 4级
湿摩擦牢度 3-4级 3-4级 3-4级 3级 3级 3-4级
白底沾色 不明显 不明显 不明显 不明显 不明显 沾色明显
(实施例4)
本实施例的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺具体步骤如下:
①将100%纯棉织物置于冷堆改性液中,经均匀轧车浸轧,轧余率为80%,然后常温堆置15h。
冷堆改性液的配方如下:阳离子改性剂40g/L、氢氧化钠15g/L、渗透剂5g/L、其余为水。其中,阳离子改性剂为3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵类阳离子季铵盐,渗透剂为耐强碱性非硅渗透剂FS。
②将步骤①阳离子改性后的100%纯棉织物投入含有双氧水7g/L和乳化剂1g/L的漂白浴中,于98℃处理40min,之后降温、排液、水洗。
漂白后,先30℃酸中和15min,再120℃低温快速烘干。
③湿法转移印花。
将步骤②烘干后的100%纯棉织物先浸轧预处理液,然后与预先采用黑色色浆制作好的印花薄膜贴合进入转印机的转印单元完成转印,印花完成后100℃烘干。
黑色色浆的配方如下:6wt%瓜儿豆胶糊料、17.5wt%活性黑Argazol Black HW、0.8wt%活性红Argazol Red P-BN、1.2wt%活性黄Argazol Yellow P-2RN【均来源于上海雅运纺织化工股份有限公司】、0.75wt%三乙烯二胺、0.25wt%三甲胺、余量为水。
预处理液的配方如下:2wt%糊料、5wt%尿素、2wt%间硝基苯磺酸钠、1wt%螯合分散剂、1.5wt%防泳移剂、余量为水。
④采用连续式蒸化机,102℃蒸化6min。
然后先冷水洗10min,去除浮色;再在40℃的温度下水洗10min,去除糊料。
接着在95℃的温度下采用1.5g/L的SC棉用防沾皂洗剂【来源于上海德桑精细化工有限公司】皂洗15min。
最后150℃成品定型。
(实施例5~实施例6)
各实施例的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺与实施例4基本相同,不同之处在于步骤①中冷堆改性液各组分的用量以及步骤③中色浆各组分的用量,具体见表2。
(对比例4~对比例6)
各对比例的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺与实施例4基本相同,不同之处在于步骤①中冷堆改性液各组分的用量以及步骤③中色浆各组分的用量,具体见表2。
(测试例2)
测试实施例4~实施例6以及对比例4~对比例6印花后的织物相关性能,结果见表2。
表2
实施例4 实施例5 实施例6 对比例4 对比例5 对比例6
阳离子改性剂 40g/L 30g/L 45g/L 40g/L / 100g/L
氢氧化钠 15g/L 12g/L 18g/L 15g/L / 30g/L
渗透剂 5g/L 4g/L 7g/L 5g/L / 10g/L
瓜儿豆胶糊料 6wt% 6wt% 6wt% 6wt% 6wt% 6wt%
活性黑Argazol Black HW 17.5wt% 17.5wt% 17.5wt% 17.5wt% 17.5wt% 17.5wt%
活性红Argazol Red P-BN 0.8wt% 0.8wt% 0.8wt% 0.8wt% 0.8wt% 0.8wt%
活性黄Argazol Yellow P-2RN 1.2wt% 1.2wt% 1.2wt% 1.2wt% 1.2wt% 1.2wt%
三乙烯二胺 0.75wt% 1wt% / / 0.75wt% /
三甲胺 0.25wt% / 1wt% / 0.25wt% /
K/S值 26.17 25.52 24.98 19.55 11.96 28.33
干摩擦牢度 4级 4级 4级 3-4级 3-4级 4级
湿摩擦牢度 3-4级 3-4级 3-4级 3-4级 3级 3-4级
白底沾色 不明显 不明显 不明显 不明显 不明显 明显沾色
备注:表1中的对比例2以及表2中的对比例5表示没有进行阳离子改性。

Claims (10)

1.一种纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,具有以下步骤:①纤维素纤维织物阳离子改性;②漂白、酸中和、烘干;③活性染料印花;④蒸化、水洗、皂洗、成品定型;其特征在于:上述步骤①中所述阳离子改性为冷堆改性;所述冷堆改性中阳离子改性剂的用量为20~50g/L;上述步骤③中所述活性染料印花是在催化剂的存在下进行的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:所述催化剂为三乙烯二胺、烟酸、三甲胺、吡啶中的一种或者两种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:所述冷堆改性采用的冷堆改性液的配方如下:阳离子改性剂20~50g/L、氢氧化钠10~20g/L、渗透剂3~8g/L、其余为水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:所述阳离子改性剂为3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵类阳离子季铵盐;所述渗透剂为耐强碱性非硅渗透剂FS。
5.根据权利要求1所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:上述步骤④中所述皂洗的温度为85℃~98℃,时间为10~20min;所述皂洗采用的皂洗剂优选为防沾皂洗剂,用量浓度为1~2g/L。
6.一种纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,具有以下步骤:①纤维素纤维织物阳离子改性;②漂白、酸中和、烘干;③活性染料印花;④蒸化、水洗、皂洗、成品定型;其特征在于:上述步骤①中所述阳离子改性为浸渍改性;所述浸渍改性中阳离子改性剂的用量为10~30g/L;上述步骤③中所述活性染料印花是在催化剂的存在下进行的。
7.根据权利要求6所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:所述催化剂为三乙烯二胺、烟酸、三甲胺、吡啶中的一种或者两种。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:所述浸渍改性采用的浸渍改性液的配方如下:阳离子改性剂10~30g/L、氢氧化钠5~15g/L、渗透剂0.5~5g/L、其余为水。
9.根据权利要求8所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:所述阳离子改性剂为3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵类阳离子季铵盐;所述渗透剂为耐强碱性非硅渗透剂FS。
10.根据权利要求6所述的纤维素纤维织物印花工艺,其特征在于:上述步骤④中所述皂洗的温度为85℃~98℃,时间为10~20min;所述皂洗采用的皂洗剂优选为防沾皂洗剂,用量浓度为1~2g/L。
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