CN111410811B - 可挠性半固化片及其应用 - Google Patents
可挠性半固化片及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111410811B CN111410811B CN201910017676.4A CN201910017676A CN111410811B CN 111410811 B CN111410811 B CN 111410811B CN 201910017676 A CN201910017676 A CN 201910017676A CN 111410811 B CN111410811 B CN 111410811B
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明提供一种半固化片,是通过将液晶聚合物不织布含浸或涂布热固化性树脂组合物,并干燥经含浸或涂布的液晶聚合物不织布而制得,该热固化性树脂组合物包含:(A)一不饱和单体;(B)一环状烯烃共聚物,该环状烯烃共聚物包含以下重复单元:(B‑1)具有如下式(I)结构的重复单元,(B‑2)具有如下式(II)结构的重复单元,以及(B‑3)具有如下式(III)结构的重复单元,式(I)至式(III)中的R1至R22、m、n、o及p如本文中所定义,其中以重复单元(B‑1)、(B‑2)及(B‑3)的总莫耳数计,该重复单元(B‑2)的量为19莫耳%至36莫耳%;以及该环状烯烃共聚物(B)对该不饱和单体(A)的重量比为0.5至7。
Description
技术领域
本发明是关于一种可挠性半固化片(prepreg),尤其是关于一种通过将一液晶聚合物不织布含浸或涂布一热固化性树脂组合物,并干燥该经含浸或涂布的液晶聚合物不织布而制得的可挠性半固化片,及使用该可挠性半固化片所提供的可挠性金属箔积层板(laminate)及印刷电路板。
背景技术
印刷电路板(printed circuit board,PCB)可作为电子装置的基板,可搭载多种彼此可相互电性连通的电子构件,以提供安稳的电路工作环境。印刷电路板主要由积层板制得,积层板是由介电层与导电层交互层合而形成。一般而言,印刷电路板可由如下方法制备。
首先,将补强材(例如玻璃织物)含浸于树脂(例如环氧树脂)中,并将经含浸树脂的补强材固化至半固化状态(即B-阶段(B-stage))以获得作为介电层的半固化片。随后,将预定层数的介电层(半固化片)层叠,并于所层叠介电层的至少一外侧层叠一导电层(例如金属箔)以提供一层叠物,接着对该层叠物进行一热压操作(即C-阶段(C-stage))而得到一积层板。将该积层板表面的导电层加以蚀刻以形成预定的电路图案(circuit pattern)。最后,在该经蚀刻的积层板上凿出多个孔洞,并在此等孔洞中镀覆导电材料以形成通孔(viaholes),即完成印刷电路板的制备。
随着电子仪器的小型化,印刷电路板也必须满足薄型化、高密度化及高频高速传输的需求。对此,目前多数使用氟树脂基板或聚苯醚树脂基板来满足高频高速传输的需求。例如,JP 61-287939公开了一种积层板,其是通过将含浸有树脂的基材积层成形后照射放射线而制得,其中该含浸有树脂的基材是使基材含浸于含有聚苯醚及交联性聚合物的树脂组合物中而形成。JP8-245872公开了一种固化性复合材料,其中包含聚苯醚与不饱和羧酸或酸酐的反应产物、氰脲酸三烯丙酯及/或异氰脲酸三烯丙酯、过氧化物、阻燃剂、氧化锑及基材。然而,上述技术方案是使用玻璃纤维基材,所制材料不具可挠性。
US 2018270945也公开了一种由绝缘层(即介电层)及导电层堆叠而成的多层印刷配线板,其中该绝缘层包括液晶聚合物树脂层,该液晶聚合物树脂层为由液晶聚合物树脂所制成的薄膜。虽然如此可使得该多层印刷配线板具有可挠性,但是也造成绝缘层与导电层之间的黏合性不佳,进而导致多层印刷配线板的可靠度下降。
发明内容
有鉴于以上技术问题,本发明利用液晶聚合物不织布及热固化性树脂组合物提供一种半固化片,该半固化片具有可挠性,可依照空间改变形状做成立体配线,因此可提升系统的配线密度及缩减产品体积。此外,使用本发明半固化片所制得的可挠性金属箔积层板具有低介电常数(Dk)值、低介电耗损因子(Df)、高耐热性及导电层与介电层间的高黏合性等特点。
因此,本发明的一个目的在于提供一种半固化片,其是通过将一液晶聚合物不织布含浸或涂布一热固化性树脂组合物,并干燥该经含浸或涂布的液晶聚合物不织布而制得,其中该热固化性树脂组合物包含:
(A)一不饱和单体;以及
(B)一环状烯烃共聚物,该环状烯烃共聚物包含以下重复单元:
(B-1)具有如下式(I)结构的重复单元,
(B-2)具有如下式(II)结构的重复单元,
以及
(B-3)具有如下式(III)结构的重复单元,
其中,
R1为H或C1至C29的直链状或分支状烃基,更特定言之,R1可为H或C1至C6的烷基;
R2至R21各自独立为H、卤素、C1至C20的烷基、C1至C20的卤化烷基、C3至C15的环烷基或C6至C20的芳香族烃基;
R18至R21可相互结合而形成单环或多环;
R22为H或C1至C10的烷基;
m及n各自独立为0或1;
o为0或正整数;
p为0至10的整数;以及
于式(III)中,当m及o均为0时,R10至R13及R18至R21中至少一种为H以外的取代基,
其中以重复单元(B-1)、(B-2)及(B-3)的总莫耳数计,该重复单元(B-2)的量为19莫耳%至36莫耳%,且较佳为20莫耳%至33莫耳%;以及
其中该环状烯烃共聚物(B)对该不饱和单体(A)的重量比为0.5至7,更特定言之,该环状烯烃共聚物(B)对该不饱和单体(A)的重量比可为0.6至2.4。
于本发明的部分实施方案中,该不饱和单体(A)是选自以下所组成的群组:链烯基芳香族单体、含烯丙基单体、含丙烯酰基单体、乙烯基醚、马来酰亚胺及其组合。
于本发明的部分实施方案中,该含烯丙基单体包含至少一个烯丙基的有机化合物。
于本发明的部分实施方案中,该含烯丙基单体是选自以下所组成的群组:邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、间苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、苯六甲酸三烯丙酯、苯三甲酸三烯丙酯(triallylmesate)、三烯丙基苯、氰尿酸三烯丙酯、异氰尿酸三烯丙酯、三烯丙基胺及其组合。
于本发明的部分实施方案中,该重复单元(B-2)是由环状非共轭二烯单体经加成共聚合而形成,该环状非共轭二烯单体选自以下群组:
于本发明的部分实施方案中,该热固化树脂组合物可进一步包含选自以下群组的一或多种:阻燃剂、催化剂、填料、固化促进剂(curing accelerator)、分散剂、增韧剂、黏度调节剂、触变剂(thixotropic agent)、消泡剂、调平剂(leveling agent)、表面处理剂、安定剂、及抗氧化剂。该阻燃剂可选自以下群组:含磷阻燃剂、含溴阻燃剂、及其组合。该催化剂可选自以下群组:过氧化二异丙苯、α,α'-双(三级丁基过氧)二异丙苯、二苯甲酰过氧化物及其组合。
于本发明的部分实施方案中,该液晶聚合物不织布包含液晶聚酯纤维,该液晶聚酯纤维的平均直径为0.6微米至20微米,纵向(MD)及横向(CD)伸长率各自独立为1%至8%。该液晶聚酯纤维可为具有以下重复单元(1)至(11)的一或多种的液晶聚酯的纤维:
于本发明的部分实施方案中,该液晶聚酯纤维具有下式(IV)及(V)的重复单元的液晶聚酯的纤维,且以液晶聚酯的重复单元的总量为100莫耳%计,式(IV)及(V)的重复单元的含量占至少65莫耳%,
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种金属箔积层板,其是通过如上所述的半固化片与金属箔加以层合而制得。
本发明的又一个目的在于提供一种印刷电路板,其是由如上所述的积层板所制得。
为使本发明的上述目的、技术特征及优点能更明显易懂,下文以部分具体实施方案进行详细说明。
具体实施方式
以下将具体地描述根据本发明的部分具体实施方案;但是,在不背离本发明的精神下,本发明还可以多种不同形式的方案来实践,不应将本发明保护范围解释为限于说明书所陈述的具体实施方案。
除非文中有另外说明,于本说明书中(尤其是在权利要求书中)所使用的“一”、“该”及类似用语应理解为包含单数及复数形式。
除非文中有另外说明,于本说明书中描述溶液、混合物或组合物中所含的成分时,是以固含量(dry weight)计算,即,未纳入溶剂的重量。
除非文中有另外说明,于本说明书中(尤其是在权利要求书中),所述基团,包括但不限于烷基、烯基、炔基、芳香族烃基等,包含具有直链状、分支状、环状或其组合的结构的形式。
本发明半固化片是通过将一液晶聚合物不织布含浸或涂布一热固化性树脂组合物,并干燥该经含浸或涂布的液晶聚合物不织布而制得。以下就本发明半固化片的各成分及制备方式提供详细说明。
1.热固化性树脂组合物
于本发明的半固化片中,该热固化性树脂组合物包含不饱和单体(A)及环状烯烃共聚物(B)等必要成分,以及其他视需要的选用成分。各成分的详细说明如下。
1.1.不饱和单体(A)
于热固化性树脂组合物中,不饱和单体(A)是指包含碳-碳双键且可与其他不饱和烯烃反应的可聚合单体。不饱和单体的实例包括但不限于:链烯基芳香族单体、含烯丙基单体、含丙烯酰基单体、乙烯基醚、马来酰亚胺及其组合。
1.1.1.链烯基芳香族单体
链烯基芳香族单体可例举由下式所表示的单体:
于上式中,R31各自独立为H或C1至C18烃基;R32各自独立为H、C1至C12烷基、C1至C12烷氧基或C6至C18芳基;u为1至4;以及v为0至5。C1至C18烃基包括但不限于C1至C12烷基、C2至C12烯基、C2至C12炔基与C6至C18芳基。C1至C12烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、三级丁基、正戊基、异戊基、三级戊基、新戊基、正己基、异己基、正庚基、异庚基、正辛基、异辛基、正壬基、异壬基、正癸基、异癸基、十一烷基及十二烷基。C2至C12烯基的实例包括但不限于乙烯基、丙烯基、烯丙基、正丁烯基、异丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、丁二烯基、戊二烯基及己二烯基。C2至C12炔基的实例包括但不限于乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基、辛炔基、壬炔基及癸炔基。C1至C12烷氧基的实例包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧基。C6至C18芳基的实例包括但不限于苯基、联苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、茚基、茀基(fluorenyl)及蒽酮基(anthronyl)。
链烯基芳香族单体的实例包括但不限于:苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯(divinylbenzene,DVB)、二乙烯基萘、二乙烯基联苯、二异丙烯基苯及其组合。苯乙烯的实例包括但不限于α-甲基苯乙烯、2-甲基苯乙烯、3-甲基苯乙烯、4-甲基苯乙烯、2-三级丁基苯乙烯、3-三级丁基苯乙烯、4-三级丁基苯乙烯及在苯环上含有1至5个卤素取代基的苯乙烯。二乙烯基苯的实例包括但不限于1,3-二乙烯基苯及1,4-二乙烯基苯。二异丙烯基苯的实例包括但不限于1,3-二异丙烯基苯及1,4-二异丙烯基苯。于后附实施例中,是使用二乙烯基苯(DVB)。
1.1.2.含烯丙基单体
含烯丙基单体为包含至少一个烯丙基(-CH2-CH=CH2),较佳包含至少两个烯丙基,更佳包含至少三个烯丙基的有机化合物。含烯丙基单体的实例包括但不限于邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、间苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、苯六甲酸三烯丙酯、苯三甲酸三烯丙酯(triallyl mesate)、三烯丙基苯、氰尿酸三烯丙酯(triallyl cyanurate,TAC)、异氰尿酸三烯丙酯(triallylisocyanurate,TAIC)及三烯丙基胺。前述化合物可单独使用或任意组合使用。于后附实施例中,是使用异氰尿酸三烯丙酯(TAIC)。
1.1.3.含丙烯酰基单体
含丙烯酰基单体可为包含至少一个具有以下结构的丙烯酰基部分,较佳包含至少两个该丙烯酰基部分,且更佳包含至少三个该丙烯酰基部分的化合物:
于该丙烯酰基部分中,R33至R35各自独立为H、C1至C12烃基、C2至C18烃氧基羰基、氰基(-C≡N)、甲酰基(-CHO)、羧基(-C(=O)OH)、亚胺酸酯基(imidate group)(-C(=NH)OH)或硫代羧酸基(-C(=O)SH)。C1至C12烃基包括但不限于C1至C12烷基、C2至C12烯基、C2至C12炔基及C6至C12芳基。有关C1至C12烷基、C2至C12烯基、C2至C12炔基及C6至C12芳基的实例,如前文所载,在此不另赘述。C2至C18烃氧基羰基包括但不限于C2至C12烷氧基羰基及C7至C18芳氧基羰基。C2至C12烷氧基羰基包括但不限于乙氧基羰基、丙氧基羰基、丁氧基羰基、戊氧基羰基、己氧基羰基、庚氧基羰基、辛氧基羰基、壬氧基羰基及癸氧基羰基。C7至C18芳氧基羰基包括但不限于苯氧基羰基及萘氧基羰基。
含丙烯酰基单体的实例包括但不限于三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、环己烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三环癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(tricyclodecane dimethanol di(meth)acrylate,DCP)、丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二甘醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异冰片(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷及乙氧基化(2)双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯,其中用语“乙氧基化”之后的数字是指连接于双酚A的每个氧的乙氧基化合物链中的乙氧基平均数。前述化合物可单独使用或任意组合使用。于后附实施例中,是使用三环癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(DCP)。
1.1.4.乙烯基醚
乙烯基醚为包含至少一个乙烯基醚基团(-O-CH=CH2),较佳包含至少两个乙烯基醚基团,更佳包含至少三个乙烯基醚基团的化合物。乙烯基醚的实例包括但不限于1,2-乙二醇二乙烯基醚、1,3-丙二醇二乙烯基醚、1,4-丁二醇二乙烯基醚、三甘醇二乙烯基醚、1,4-环己烷二甲醇二乙烯基醚、乙基乙烯基醚、正丁基乙烯基醚、十二烷基乙烯基醚及2-氯乙基乙烯基醚。前述化合物可单独使用或任意组合使用。
1.1.5.马来酰亚胺
马来酰亚胺为包含至少一个如下所示的马来酰亚胺基团的化合物:
马来酰亚胺较佳包含至少两个马来酰亚胺基团,且更佳包含至少三个马来酰亚胺基团。马来酰亚胺的实例包括但不限于N-苯基马来酰亚胺、1,4-亚苯基-双亚甲基-α,α'-双马来酰亚胺、2,2-双(4-苯氧基苯基)-N,N'-双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-六亚甲基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-联苯基甲烷双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-氧-二-对亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4'-二苯甲酮双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-对-联苯基砜双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-(3,3'-二甲基)亚甲基-二-对亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、聚(苯基亚甲基)聚马来酰亚胺、双(4-苯氧基苯基)砜-N,N'-双马来酰亚胺、1,4-双(4-苯氧基)苯-N,N'-双马来酰亚胺、1,3-双(4-苯氧基)苯-N,N'-双马来酰亚胺及1,3-双(3-苯氧基)苯-N,N'-双马来酰亚胺。前述化合物可单独使用或任意组合使用。
根据本发明,以树脂组合物的总重量计,不饱和单体(A)的含量可为12重量%至70重量%,较佳15重量%至60重量%,更佳18重量%至50重量%,例如19重量%、20重量%、22重量%、25重量%、28重量%、30重量%、32重量%、35重量%、38重量%、40重量%、42重量%、45重量%、48重量%或49重量%。
1.2.环状烯烃共聚物(B)
环状烯烃共聚物(B)为热固化性树脂组合物的另一必要成分。环状烯烃共聚物(B)具有可交联的基团,且包含具有如下式(I)结构的重复单元(B-1)、具有如下式(II)结构的重复单元(B-2)及具有如下式(III)结构的重复单元(B-3)。
于式(I)至式(III)中,R1为H或C1至C29的直链状或分支状烃基,且较佳为H或C1至C29烷基;R2至R21各自独立为H、卤素、C1至C20烷基、C1至C20卤化烷基、C3至C15环烷基或C6至C20芳香族烃基,且R18至R21可相互结合而形成单环或多环;R22为H或C1至C10烷基;m及n各自独立为0或1;o为0或正整数,较佳为0至50的整数,且更佳为0至20的整数;p为0至10的整数;以及于式(III)中,当m及o均为0时,R10至R13及R18至R21中的至少一种为H以外的取代基。
具有式(I)结构的重复单元(B-1)是由一或多种具有如下式(I-1)结构的单体经加成共聚合而形成。
于式(I-1)中,R1为H或C1至C29的直链状或分支状烃基,较佳为H或C1至C29的直链状或分支状烷基,且更佳为H或C1至C6的直链状或分支状烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、三级丁基、正戊基、异戊基、三级戊基、新戊基、正己基或异己基。
具有式(I-1)结构的单体的实例包括但不限于乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、3-甲基-1-丁烯、3-甲基-1-戊烯、3-乙基-1-戊烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、4-甲基-1-己烯、4,4-二甲基-1-己烯、4,4-二甲基-1-戊烯、4-乙基-1-己烯、3-乙基-1-己烯、1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二烯、1-十四烯、1-十六烯、1-十八烯及1-二十烯。于后附实施例中,具有式(I)结构的重复单元(B-1)由乙烯经加成共聚合而形成。
具有式(II)结构的重复单元(B-2)是由一或多种具有如下式(II-1)结构的环状非共轭二烯单体经加成共聚合而形成。
于式(II-1)中,R2至R19可为相同或不同,可各自独立为H、卤素、C1至C20烷基、C1至C20卤化烷基、C3至C15环烷基或C6至C20芳基,其中R18及R19可相互结合而形成单环或多环;R22为H或C1至C10烷基;m及n各自独立为0或1;o为0或正整数,较佳为0至50的整数,且更佳为0至20的整数;以及p为0至10的整数。较佳地,R2至R19为H、C1至C10烷基、C3至C8环烷基或C6至C12芳基;R22为H或C1至C6烷基;以及o为0、1或2。有关C1至C10烷基及C6至C12芳基的实例如前文所载,在此不另赘述。C3至C8环烷基的实例包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基及环辛基。
具有式(II-1)结构的环状非共轭二烯单体的实例包括但不限于:
具有式(III)结构的重复单元(B-3)是由一或多种具有如下式(III-1)结构的环状烯烃单体经加成共聚合而形成。
于式(III-1)中,R2至R19如前文所定义,R20及R21的定义同R2至R19的定义,其中R18至R21可相互结合而形成单环或多环;m及n各自独立为0或1;以及o为0或正整数,较佳为0至50的整数,且更佳为0至20的整数。
具有式(III-1)结构的环状烯烃单体的实例包括但不限于二环[2.2.1]-2-庚烯(降冰片烯,)及四环[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]-3-十二烯(四环十二烯,)。于后附实施例中,具有式(III)结构的重复单元(B-3)是由四环[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]-3-十二烯经加成共聚合而形成。
于环状烯烃共聚物(B)中,以重复单元(B-1)、(B-2)及(B-3)的总莫耳数计,重复单元(B-2)的含量为19莫耳%至36莫耳%,较佳为20莫耳%至33莫耳%,且更佳为25莫耳%至30莫耳%,例如26莫耳%、27莫耳%、28莫耳%或29莫耳%。当重复单元(B-2)的量在前述指定范围内时,热固化性树脂组合物可提供长时间稳定的介电特性及优异的耐热性,并且可在机械特性与介电特性之间取得优异平衡。
另外,于环状烯烃共聚物(B)中,以重复单元(B-1)及(B-2)的总莫耳数计,重复单元(B-3)的含量为0.1莫耳%至100莫耳%,较佳为0.1莫耳%至50莫耳%,更佳为1莫耳%至20莫耳%,例如2莫耳%、3莫耳%、5莫耳%、7莫耳%、9莫耳%、10莫耳%、12莫耳%、13莫耳%、15莫耳%、17莫耳%或19莫耳%。当重复单元(B-3)的量在前述指定范围内时,环状烯烃共聚物(B)可保持合适的弹性模数,且其交联反应可容易被控制。
除上述重复单元(B-1)、(B-2)及(B-3)之外,环状烯烃共聚物(B)还可包含由其他环状烯烃单体及/或链状多烯单体经加成共聚合而形成的重复单元。所述其他环状烯烃单体不包括具有式(II-1)结构的环状非共轭二烯单体及具有式(III-1)结构的环状烯烃单体。
环状烯烃共聚物(B)的详细制备方法可参考美国专利US 9,206,278B2中所述内容,该专利文献全文在此引入作为参考。
于本发明的半固化片中,以该热固化性树脂组合物的总重量计,环状烯烃共聚物(B)的含量可为30重量%至88重量%,较佳40重量%至85重量%,更佳50重量%至82重量%,例如51重量%、53重量%、55重量%、57重量%、60重量%、63重量%、65重量%、67重量%、70重量%、73重量%、75重量%、77重量%或80重量%。
此外,于本发明的半固化片中,环状烯烃共聚物(B)对不饱和单体(A)的重量比是位于一特定范围内,使所制得金属箔积层板具有优异的常温剥离强度及耐热性。具体言之,环状烯烃共聚物(B)对不饱和单体(A)的重量比为0.5至7,较佳为0.6至2.4,例如0.7、0.8、0.9、1、1.2、1.3、1.5、1.7、1.8、2.0、2.1、2.2或2.3。
1.3.视需要的成分
用于制备本发明半固化片的热固化性树脂组合物可视需要包含其他成分,例如本领域现有的添加剂,以改良通过热固化性树脂组合物所制得的积层板的物化性质或改良热固化性树脂组合物在制造过程中的可加工性。所述现有添加剂的实例包括但不限于:阻燃剂、催化剂、填料、固化促进剂、分散剂、增韧剂、黏度调节剂、触变剂、消泡剂、调平剂、表面处理剂、安定剂及抗氧化剂等。所述添加剂可单独使用或任意组合使用,且各添加剂的用量,乃本发明所属技术领域中普通技术人员于了解本说明书的内容后,可依其通常知识而根据需要进行调整,并无特殊限制。现举例说明如下。
1.3.1.阻燃剂
热固化性树脂组合物可视需要包含一阻燃剂,借此提升所制电子材料的难燃性。阻燃剂的实例包括但不限于含磷阻燃剂及含溴阻燃剂。含磷阻燃剂的实例包括但不限于磷酸酯类、磷腈类、聚磷酸铵类、磷酸三聚氰胺类、氰尿酸三聚氰胺类、次磷酸金属盐及其组合。磷腈类的实例包括但不限于环状磷腈化合物及直链状磷腈化合物。环状磷腈化合物的实例包括但不限于六苯氧环三磷腈。次磷酸金属盐的实例包括但不限于具下式结构的金属盐化合物:
其中,R各自独立为C1至C5烷基;Ma+为一选自以下群组的金属离子:Al3+、Zn2+、Ca2+、Ti4+、Mg2+、Sr2+、Ba2+、K+及Cu2+;以及a为1至4的整数。
含溴阻燃剂的实例包括但不限于四溴双酚A(tetrabromobisphenol A)、十溴二苯基氧化物(decabromodiphenyloxide)、十溴化二苯基乙烷(decabrominated diphenylethane)、1,2-二(三溴苯基)乙烷(1,2-bis(tribromophenyl)ethane)、溴化环氧寡聚合物(brominated epoxy oligomer)、八溴三甲基苯基茚(octabromotrimethylphenylindane)、二(2,3-二溴丙醚)(bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether))、三(三溴苯基)三嗪(tris(tribromophenyl)triazine)、溴化脂肪烃(brominated aliphatic hydrocarbon)及溴化芳香烃(brominated aromatic hydrocarbon)。前述阻燃剂可单独使用或任意组合使用。
1.3.2.催化剂
催化剂是指可促进交联反应的成分。常用的催化剂包括但不限于有机过氧化物。有机过氧化物的实例包括但不限于过氧化二异丙苯(dicumyl peroxide,DCP)、α,α'-双(三级丁基过氧)二异丙苯(α,α'-bis(t-butylperoxy)diisopropyl benzene,PERBUTYL P)及二苯甲酰过氧化物(Benzoyl Peroxide,BPO)。前述催化剂可单独使用或任意组合使用。于后附实施例中,是使用α,α'-双(三级丁基过氧)二异丙苯作为催化剂。
1.3.3.填料
填料的实例包括但不限于:二氧化硅(如中空二氧化硅)、氧化铝、氧化镁、氢氧化镁、碳酸钙、滑石、黏土、氮化铝、氮化硼、氢氧化铝、碳化铝硅、碳化硅、碳酸钠、二氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、石英、钻石、类钻石、石墨、煅烧高岭土、白岭土、云母、水滑石、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粉末、玻璃珠、陶瓷晶须、奈米碳管、奈米级无机粉体及其组合。
1.3.4.固化促进剂
固化促进剂是指可促进固化并降低树脂的固化反应温度的成分。合适的固化促进剂包括但不限于三级胺、四级铵、咪唑类及吡啶类。咪唑类的实例包括但不限于2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(2E4MZ)及2-苯基咪唑。吡啶类的实例包括但不限于2,3-二胺基吡啶、2,5-二胺基吡啶、2,6-二胺基吡啶、4-二甲基胺基吡啶、2-胺基-3-甲基吡啶、2-胺基-4-甲基吡啶及2-胺基-3-硝基吡啶。前述固化促进剂可单独使用或任意组合使用。
2.热固化性树脂组合物的制备
关于热固化性树脂组合物的制备,可通过将热固化性树脂组合物各成分,包括不饱和单体(A)、环状烯烃共聚物(B)及其他视需要的添加剂,以搅拌器均匀混合并溶解或分散于溶剂中而制成清漆状的形式,以便后续加工利用。所述溶剂可为任何可溶解或分散热固化性树脂组合物各成分、但不与这些成分反应的惰性溶剂。举例言之,可用以溶解或分散热固化性树脂组合物各成分的溶剂包含但不限于:甲苯、γ-丁内酯、甲乙酮、环己酮、丁酮、丙酮、二甲苯、甲基异丁基酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(N,N-dimethyl formamide,DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(N,N-dimethyl acetamide,DMAc)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(N-methyl-pyrolidone,NMP)及其组合。溶剂的用量并无特殊限制,原则上只要能使热固化性树脂组合物各组分均匀溶解或分散于其中即可。于本发明的部分实施方案中,是使用甲苯作为溶剂。
3.液晶聚合物不织布
于本发明的半固化片中,该液晶聚合物不织布包含液晶聚酯纤维。该液晶聚酯纤维是由芳族二醇、芳族二羧酸、芳族羟基羧酸等聚合而得的聚合物纤维,且在熔融相中具有光学各向异性(液晶性),此等特性可在氮气环境中升高热台上的样品温度并观察透射光而轻易地识别。于本发明的部分实施方案中,该液晶聚酯纤维具有以下重复单元(1)至(11)的一或多种的液晶聚酯的纤维:
该液晶聚酯纤维较佳是以重复单元总莫耳数计含有至少65莫耳%的下式(IV)及(V)所示的重复单元的芳族聚酯的纤维,更佳是以重复单元总莫耳数计含有4至45莫耳%的式(V)所示的重复单元的芳族聚酯的纤维。
此外,在实质上不降低强度的前提下,本发明所使用的液晶聚酯可含有其它聚合物或添加剂。
该液晶聚合物不织布是熔喷不织布(melt-blown nonwoven),其制法是:自喷嘴将液晶聚酯熔融纺丝,同时利用高温高速气体将熔融的液晶聚酯以细纤维形式吹离,并收集在抽吸收集表面(例如金属丝网)上而形成网状物,该网状物经过压延及热处理后即制得不织布。所述压延是在不织布表面温度介于90℃至熔融液晶聚酯的熔点温度之间以及线性压力在50公斤/厘米至200公斤/厘米下进行。
通过熔喷法在抽吸收集表面上所收集的纤维平均直径取决于喷嘴直径、排出量及气体流速。该液晶聚酯纤维的平均直径为0.6至20微米,较佳为1至15微米,且更佳为60%或更多的纤维的平均直径为1至10微米。该液晶聚酯纤维的纵向(MD)及横向(CD)伸长率为1%至8%,并具有强度、柔韧性及透气性。所述纤维平均直径是利用扫描式电子显微镜对不织布进行放大照相,并测量任意100根纤维的直径而获得的平均值。液晶聚合物不织布的详细制备方法可参考JP 4429501中所述内容,该专利文献全文在此引入作为参考。
4.半固化片的制备
本发明的半固化片可通过将液晶聚合物不织布含浸或涂布热固化性树脂组合物,并进行干燥而制得,也可先将热固化性树脂组合物制成膜,再利用热压方式将该膜与液晶聚合物不织布结合。于本发明的部分实施方案中,使用购自可乐丽(Kuraray)股份有限公司的VECRUS液晶聚合物不织布作为补强材,通过将液晶聚合物不织布含浸或涂布热固化性树脂组合物并在160℃下加热干燥2至15分钟(B-阶段),从而制得半固化状态的半固化片。
5.金属箔积层板及印刷电路板
本发明也提供一种由上述半固化片所制得的金属箔积层板,其包含介电层及导电层,其中该介电层是由一或多层如上述的半固化片所层叠而成,且于层叠该半固化片所构成的介电层的至少一外侧表面层叠一金属箔(如铜箔)以提供一层叠物,并对该层叠物进行一热压操作而得到该金属箔积层板。
此外,可通过进一步图案化该金属箔积层板的导电层而制得印刷电路板,现有的图案化方法的实例包括但不限于蚀刻。
6.实施例
6.1.量测方式说明
现以下列具体实施方案进一步例示说明本发明,其中,所采用的量测仪器及方法分别如下:
[介电常数(Dk)与介电耗损因子(Df)量测]
根据IPC-TM-650 2.5.5.13规范,在工作频率10吉赫(GHz)下,计算金属箔积层板的介电常数(Dk)与介电耗损因子(Df)。
[剥离强度测试]
剥离强度是用于显示金属箔导电层与介电层间的附着力强弱。本测试中是以1/8英寸宽度的铜箔自板面上垂直撕起,以其所需力量的大小来表达附着力的强弱。剥离强度的单位为磅力/英寸(lbf/in)。
[可挠性测试]
可挠性测试是依照MIT测试方法(JIS P8815规范)纪录其MIT挠曲次数。若MIT挠曲次数大于100次,则记录为“○”;若MIT挠曲次数介于50至100次之间,则记录为“△”;若MIT挠曲次数小于50次,则记录为“╳”。
[吸湿后耐热性测试]
吸湿后耐热性是依照JIS C5012的方法测试,是评估金属箔积层板于60℃及相对湿度(RH)60%环境下120小时后焊料漂浮的耐热性。将金属箔积层板在288℃的焊浴中进行浮焊60秒后,利用目视及光学显微镜(x5倍以上),观察浮焊测试后金属箔积层板是否出现斑痕(measling)或膨胀等情形。若未观察到斑痕或膨泡等的发生,则记录为“○”;若观察到有这些情形发生,则记录为“╳”。
6.2.实施例及比较例用的原物料资讯列表:
6.3.金属箔积层板的制备
以表1及表2所示的比例配制实施例1至9及比较例1至6的热固化性树脂组合物,将各成分于室温下使用搅拌器混合60分钟,随后再加入甲苯(实施例1至9以及比较例1至3及5及6)或MEK(比较例4)。将所得混合物于室温下搅拌约60至120分钟后,制得各热固化性树脂组合物。
分别使用所制得的热固化性树脂组合物来制备实施例1至9及比较例1至6的半固化片。首先,通过辊式涂布机,将液晶聚合物不织布或玻璃纤维布分别含浸实施例1至9及比较例2至6的热固化性树脂组合物;或者利用涂布机涂布比较例1的热固化性树脂组合物于液晶聚合物膜的上下两面,涂布厚度为13微米。接着,将这些经含浸或涂布的液晶聚合物不织布、玻璃纤维布及液晶聚合物膜置于160℃的干燥机中加热干燥3分钟,借此制得半固化片。
分别使用所制得的半固化片来制备实施例1至9及比较例1至6的金属箔积层板。将铜箔与半固化片接触层叠,接着进行热压操作,分别制得实施例1至9与比较例1至6的金属箔积层板。热压条件为:以3.0℃/分钟的升温速度升温至200℃至220℃,并在该温度下,以全压15公斤/平方厘米(初压8公斤/平方厘米)的压力热压180分钟。表1:实施例的半固化片的组成
表2:比较例的半固化片的组成
6.4.金属箔积层板的性质量测
依照前文所载量测方法测量实施例1至9及比较例1至6的金属箔积层板的各项性质,包括介电常数(Dk)、介电耗损因子(Df)、可挠性、吸湿后耐热性及剥离强度,并将结果纪录于表3及表4中。
表3:实施例的金属箔积层板的性质
表4:比较例的金属箔积层板的性质
如表3所示,本发明半固化片所制得的金属箔积层板除具有良好可挠性、低介电常数(Dk)值、低介电耗损因子(Df)及高耐热性之外,更具有半固化片与铜箔间的剥离强度高的优点。
相较于此,如表4所示,采用非本发明半固化片所制得的金属箔积层板并无法在所有物化性质及介电性质上均达到令人满意的程度,也无法具有良好的铜箔与半固化片之间的剥离强度。具体言之,如比较例1所示,当金属箔积层板使用液晶聚合物膜时,其可挠性、剥离强度及耐热性皆不佳。如比较例2所示,当金属箔积层板使用NE-glass等级的玻璃纤维布时,其可挠性及介电常数皆不佳。如比较例3所示,当热固化性树脂组合物仅含环状烯烃共聚物时,金属箔积层板的耐热性不足。如比较例4所示,相较于使用本发明热固化性树脂组合物,当使用其他热固化性树脂组合物时,金属箔积层板的电性无法满足需求。如比较例5所示,当热固化性树脂组合物中的环状烯烃共聚物(B)对该不饱和单体(A)的重量比大于7时,金属箔积层板的耐热性不足。如比较例6所示,当热固化性树脂组合物中的环状烯烃共聚物(B)对该不饱和单体(A)的重量比小于0.5时,金属箔积层板的可挠性及剥离强度不佳。
上述实施例仅为例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效,并阐述本发明的技术特征,而非用于限制本发明的保护范畴。任何本领域技术人员在不违背本发明的技术原理及精神下,可轻易完成的改变或安排,均属本发明所主张的范围。因此,本发明的权利保护范围如权利要求书所列。
Claims (14)
1.一种半固化片,其特征在于,其是通过将一液晶聚合物不织布含浸或涂布一热固化性树脂组合物,并干燥该经含浸或涂布的液晶聚合物不织布而制得,其中该热固化性树脂组合物包含:
(A)一不饱和单体,该不饱和单体(A)是选自以下所组成的群组:链烯基芳香族单体、含烯丙基单体、含丙烯酰基单体、乙烯基醚、马来酰亚胺及其组合;以及
(B)一环状烯烃共聚物,该环状烯烃共聚物包含以下重复单元:
(B-1)具有如下式(I)结构的重复单元,
(B-2)具有如下式(II)结构的重复单元,
以及
(B-3)具有如下式(III)结构的重复单元,
其中,
R1为H或C1至C29的直链状或分支状烃基;
R2至R21各自独立为H、卤素、C1至C20的烷基、C1至C20的卤化烷基、C3至C15的环烷基或C6至C20的芳香族烃基;
R18至R21可相互结合而形成单环或多环;
R22为H或C1至C10的烷基;
m及n各自独立为0或1;
o为0或正整数;
p为0至10的整数;以及
于式(III)中,当m及o均为0时,R10至R13及R18至R21中至少一种为H以外的取代基,
其中以重复单元(B-1)、(B-2)及(B-3)的总莫耳数计,该重复单元(B-2)的量为19莫耳%至36莫耳%;以及
其中该环状烯烃共聚物(B)对该不饱和单体(A)的重量比为0.6至2.4。
2.如权利要求1所述的半固化片,其特征在于,该含烯丙基单体包含至少一个烯丙基的有机化合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的半固化片,其特征在于,该含烯丙基单体是选自以下所组成的群组:邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、间苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、苯六甲酸三烯丙酯、苯三甲酸三烯丙酯、三烯丙基苯、氰尿酸三烯丙酯、异氰尿酸三烯丙酯、三烯丙基胺及其组合。
4.如权利要求1所述的半固化片,其特征在于,R1为H或C1至C6的烷基。
6.如权利要求1所述的半固化片,其特征在于,以重复单元(B-1)、(B-2)及(B-3)的总莫耳数计,该重复单元(B-2)的含量为20莫耳%至33莫耳%。
7.如权利要求1所述的半固化片,其特征在于,该热固化树脂组合物进一步包含选自以下群组的一或多种:阻燃剂、催化剂、填料、固化促进剂、分散剂、增韧剂、黏度调节剂、触变剂、消泡剂、调平剂、表面处理剂、安定剂及抗氧化剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的半固化片,其特征在于,该阻燃剂是选自以下群组:含磷阻燃剂、含溴阻燃剂及其组合。
9.如权利要求7所述的半固化片,其特征在于,该催化剂是选自以下群组:过氧化二异丙苯、α,α'-双(三级丁基过氧)二异丙苯、二苯甲酰过氧化物及其组合。
10.如权利要求1所述的半固化片,其特征在于,该液晶聚合物不织布包含液晶聚酯纤维,该液晶聚酯纤维的平均直径为0.6微米至20微米,纵向及横向伸长率各自独立为1%至8%。
13.一种金属箔积层板,其特征在于,其是通过将权利要求1至12中任一项所述的半固化片与金属箔加以层合而制得。
14.一种印刷电路板,其特征在于,其是由如权利要求13所述的积层板所制得。
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