CN111406521B

CN111406521B - Breeding method of Paeonia Macaca

Info

Publication number: CN111406521B
Application number: CN202010228441.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴疆翀; 张燕平; 郑益兴; 起国海; 李振国
Original assignee: Research Institute of Resource Insects of Chinese Academy of Forestry
Current assignee: Research Institute of Resource Insects of Chinese Academy of Forestry
Priority date: 2020-03-27
Filing date: 2020-03-27
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-27
Also published as: CN111406521A; NL2027805B1; NL2027805A

Abstract

The invention provides a breeding method of a monkey bushy tree, belonging to the technical field of cutting seedling, comprising the following steps: 1) sterilizing the culture substrate by using benzalkonium bromide solution to obtain a sterilized substrate; 2) sterilizing the Adina virgata cutting slips through an ampicillin solution to obtain sterilized cutting slips, soaking the bottom ends of the sterilized cutting slips in a fulvic acid solution for 20-40 s, and cutting the cutting slips to culture in the sterilized substrate obtained in the step 1). The breeding method provided by the invention improves the cuttage survival rate of the Adiantum similis.

Description

Breeding method of Paeonia Macaca

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting seedling raising, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a monkey breadtree.

Background

Monkey Baoshu (Hemsleya amabilis)Adansonia digitata) Is a perennial large deciduous tree of the genus Adansonia of the family Bombacaceae (Bombacaceae), native African tropical arid region. The Paeonia Macaca is a tree species with high economic value and wide application. The dry leaves are rich in carotene and vitamin A, the protein content of the tender leaves is 4%, and the leaves can also be used as seasonings; the fruit pulp is juicy and can be directly eaten as a fruit or used for brewing a fruit wine beverage; the seeds can be eaten as snacks, can also be used as a thickening agent, a flavoring agent and baked to eat, and can also be used for extracting edible oil, the oil content of the edible oil is about 15 percent, the edible oil is light yellow, and the edible oil is high-quality edible oil; the bark has rich fiber content, and can be used for making paper, coarse cloth mat and rope, and the bark can also be made into red dye. The shell of the fruit can be carved into various ladles with long handles and containers. The root and the leaf are used for diminishing inflammation, reducing fever, treating malaria, clearing away heat and toxic materials, tranquilizing and allaying excitement and the like in medicine. In addition, as the stem is thick and strong after the adult, the tree shape is beautiful and unique, and the garden gardening ornamental value is excellent, the seedling demand is continuously increased in recent years. The Pacific Tree has no natural distribution in China, and has been introduced on a small scale only in Taiwan, Fujian, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan West-Shuangbanna and other small number of areas.

According to the African origin literature reports (SCUC. Baobab Manual, Field Manual for Extension Workers and Farmers [ M ], south campton: University of south campton, 2006.), the survival rate of the cutting by soaking the Adansonia digitata branch in the IBA solution is 20%, but the survival rate of the cutting seedlings without hormone soaking treatment is only 2%.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a breeding method of the Adansonia dubia, and the survival rate of the Adansonia dubia is improved by adopting the method provided by the present invention.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a breeding method of a Paeonia Macrantha nakai, which comprises the following steps:

1) sterilizing the culture substrate by using benzalkonium bromide solution to obtain a sterilized substrate;

2) sterilizing the Adina virgata cutting slips through an ampicillin solution to obtain sterilized cutting slips, soaking the bottom ends of the sterilized cutting slips in a fulvic acid solution for 20-40 s, and cutting the cutting slips to culture in the sterilized substrate obtained in the step 1).

Preferably, the benzalkonium bromide solution in the step 1) is 0.05-0.1% by mass.

Preferably, the concentration of the ampicillin solution in the step 2) is 10-50 mg/L.

Preferably, the concentration of the fulvic acid solution in the step 2) is 0.1-0.2 g/L.

Preferably, the time for soaking the bottom end of the sterilized cutting slips in the fulvic acid solution in the step 2) is 30 s.

Preferably, the conditions for culturing in step 2) include: the environment humidity of the culture is 60-75%, and the temperature of the culture is 22-32 ℃.

Preferably, the water content of the disinfection matrix is kept to be 55-65% in the culture process in the step 2).

Preferably, a sunshade net is used for shading in the culture process in the step 2), and the light transmittance of the sunshade net is 50-70%.

Preferably, the preparation method of the culture substrate in the step 1) comprises the following steps: mixing eucalyptus bark, pinus khasys bark and oak bark in a mass ratio of 6:3:1, and then decomposing to obtain the culture substrate.

Preferably, the length of the simian bread tree cutting slips in the step 1) is 7-10 cm, and the diameter of the simian bread tree cutting slips is 0.3-0.8 cm.

The invention provides a breeding method of a Paeonia Macrantha nakai, which comprises the following steps: 1) sterilizing the culture medium with benzalkonium bromide solution to obtain sterilized medium; 2) sterilizing the Adina virgata cutting slips by using an ampicillin solution to obtain sterilized cutting slips, soaking the bottom ends of the sterilized cutting slips in a fulvic acid solution for 20-40 s, and cutting the cutting slips to culture in the sterilized substrate obtained in the step 1).

The mechanism for improving the survival rate of the Paeonia suffruticosa is as follows: fulvic acid is used for promoting rooting and survival of the pseudostellaria maximowicziana cutting slips, and benzalkonium bromide and ampicillin are used in a combined mode for disinfection to improve survival of the cutting slips.

Detailed Description

In the present invention, the preparation method of the culture substrate preferably includes: mixing eucalyptus bark, pinus khasys bark and oak bark in a mass ratio of 6:3:1, and then decomposing to obtain the culture substrate. The invention preferably prepares the culture medium according to the preparation method of the organic seedling growing light medium which takes the pinus khasys bark as the raw material and is disclosed in Chinese patent CN201210498290.8, and the pinus khasys bark is replaced by eucalyptus bark, pinus khasys bark and oak bark. In the invention, the cultivation mechanism is air-permeable and water-proof, and is easy for the root system growth of the Hedgehog hydnum, thereby improving the survival rate of the Hedgehog hydnum.

In the invention, the mass percentage of the benzalkonium bromide solution is preferably 0.05-0.1%. The present invention preferably employs a conventional spray method to disinfect the culture substrate. In the invention, the concentration of the ampicillin solution is preferably 10-50 mg/L, and the monkey tree cutting slips are preferably disinfected by adopting a spraying method.

In the invention, the length of the Adina palustris cutting is preferably 7-10 cm, and the diameter of the Adina palustris cutting is preferably 0.3-0.8 cm. In the present invention, the criteria for said macaque cutting preferably further comprise: the cutting edge is strongly grown and has a top bud, the cut at the bottom end of the cutting is in a wedge-shaped oblique cutting mode, 2-3 small leaves at the top end of the cutting are reserved, the rest leaves on the cutting are cut along the leaf stalk instead of 1/2-3/4 leaves which are cut along the outer edge or the base of the leaf, and therefore the degree of mechanical damage to the cutting is reduced.

In the present invention, the time for soaking the bottom end of the sterilized cutting shoot in the fulvic acid solution is preferably 30 seconds.

In the present invention, the conditions for the culture preferably include: the environment humidity of the culture is preferably 60-75%, and the temperature of the culture is preferably 22-32 ℃. In the present invention, the temperature for the day culture is preferably 32 ℃ and the temperature for the night culture is preferably 22 ℃. In the invention, the water content of the disinfection matrix is kept preferably 55-65% in the culture process. In the invention, a sunshade net is preferably used for shading in the culture process, and the light transmittance of the sunshade net is preferably 50-70%.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The experimental site is located in Xiekao demonstration garden in Yuanyang county of Yunnan, with an altitude of 500 m. The method belongs to subtropical monsoon climate types, and the annual average temperature is 21-23 ℃, the hottest month average temperature is 28.3-29.7 ℃, and the coldest month average temperature is 15.9-17.0 ℃; the annual precipitation is 900mm, and the rainy season is 5-10 months. The number of samples of each example and comparative example was 100, and the repetition was 3 times.

Example 1

(1) Selecting and processing seedbed: after the seedling bed land is weeded and leveled, a layer of sand or gravel is laid on the land, the bottom of the seedling bed is higher than the ground by 3cm, and the periphery of the seedling bed is enclosed by red bricks to form the seedling bed.

(2) Preparing and sterilizing a nutrition bag: bark raw material seedling substrate (the seedling substrate is prepared from eucalyptus bark, pinus khasys bark and oak bark in a mass ratio of 6:3:1 according to the preparation method of the organic seedling light substrate which takes pinus khasys bark as the raw material and is disclosed in Chinese patent CN 201210498290.8) is filled into a nutrition bag with the diameter of 6cm and the height of 12 cm. The filled nutrition bags are sequentially placed in a seedbed, and benzalkonium bromide solution with the mass percentage of 0.05 percent is sprayed for matrix disinfection.

(3) Branch collection and cutting of cutting shoots: selecting branches which are robust in growth, have terminal buds and are 0.4cm in diameter as cuttings; after the branches are cut, water is immediately used for spraying, and then the branches are placed in a foam box and covered with a wet towel for moisturizing. The cutting length of the cutting is 7cm, and the cut at the bottom end of the cutting is in a wedge-shaped oblique cutting. And (3) reserving 2-3 young leaves at the top end of the cutting, and cutting off the rest leaves on the cutting along the leaf stalk instead of cutting off 1/2-3/4 leaves along the outer edge or the base part of the leaves so as to reduce the degree of mechanical damage to the cutting.

(4) Cuttage: spraying and disinfecting the cutting slips obtained in the step (3) by using 10mg/L of ampicillin solution, then soaking the bottom ends of the cutting slips in 0.1g/L of fulvic acid solution for 30s, then inserting the cutting slips into a seedling culture medium in a nutrition bag, and then spraying the nutrition bag with water until the cutting slips are thoroughly wet;

(5) and (3) managing and protecting after insertion: keels are erected on the seedbed at intervals of 50cm, a plastic film arched shed with the height of 40-60 cm is built, and then a sunshade net with the light transmittance of 50-70% is covered to reduce transpiration and water loss of the cutting slips. The temperature and humidity in the greenhouse is checked every 24 hours for 1 time, the temperature in the greenhouse is kept at 22 ℃ (night) and 32 ℃ (day), and the air humidity in the greenhouse is 60-75%. Watering is carried out at regular intervals according to the condition of the matrix in the nutrition bag, and the water content of the matrix is kept to be 55-65%.

(6) Transplanting: after the cutting shoots, the plastic film and the sunshade net are removed, and the seedlings are continuously watered regularly until the plant height reaches 20-25 cm, and then the seedlings can be transplanted out of the nursery. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2

(1) Selecting and processing seedbed: after the seedling bed land is weeded and leveled, a layer of sand or gravel is laid on the land, the bottom of the seedling bed is 2cm higher than the ground, and the periphery of the seedling bed is enclosed by red bricks to form the seedling bed.

(2) Preparing and sterilizing a nutrition bag: bark raw material seedling substrate (the seedling substrate is prepared from eucalyptus bark, pinus khasys bark and oak bark in a mass ratio of 6:3:1 according to the preparation method of the organic seedling light substrate which takes pinus khasys bark as the raw material and is disclosed in Chinese patent CN 201210498290.8) is filled into a nutrition bag with the diameter of 5cm and the height of 10 cm. The filled nutrition bags are sequentially placed in a seedbed, and benzalkonium bromide solution with the mass percentage of 0.075% is sprayed for matrix disinfection.

(3) Branch collection and cutting of cutting shoots: selecting branches which are robust in growth, have terminal buds and are 0.5cm in diameter as cuttings; after the branches are cut, water is immediately used for spraying, and then the branches are placed in a foam box and covered with a wet towel for moisturizing. The cutting length of the cutting is 8cm, and the cut at the bottom end of the cutting is in wedge-shaped beveling. And (3) reserving 2-3 young leaves at the top end of the cutting, and cutting off the rest leaves on the cutting along the leaf stalk instead of cutting off 1/2-3/4 leaves along the outer edge or the base part of the leaves so as to reduce the degree of mechanical damage to the cutting.

(4) Cuttage: spraying and disinfecting the cutting slips obtained in the step (3) by using 30mg/L of ampicillin solution, then soaking the bottom ends of the cutting slips in 0.15g/L of fulvic acid solution for 30s, then inserting the cutting slips into a seedling culture medium in a nutrition bag, and then spraying the nutrition bag with water until the cutting slips are thoroughly wet;

Example 3

(2) Preparing and sterilizing a nutrition bag: bark raw material seedling substrate (the seedling substrate is prepared from eucalyptus bark, pinus khasys bark and oak bark in a mass ratio of 6:3:1 according to the preparation method of the organic seedling light substrate which takes pinus khasys bark as the raw material and is disclosed in Chinese patent CN 201210498290.8) is filled into a nutrition bag with the diameter of 6cm and the height of 12 cm. The filled nutrition bags are sequentially placed in a seedbed, and benzalkonium bromide solution with the mass percentage of 0.1% is sprayed for matrix disinfection.

(3) Branch collection and cutting of cutting shoots: selecting branches which are robust in growth, have terminal buds and are 0.8cm in diameter as cuttings; after the branches are cut, water is immediately used for spraying, and then the branches are placed in a foam box and covered with a wet towel for moisturizing. The cutting length of the cutting is 10cm, and the cut at the bottom end of the cutting is in wedge-shaped beveling. And 2-3 young leaves at the top end of the cutting are reserved, the rest leaves on the cutting are cut along the leaf stalk instead of 1/2-3/4 leaves along the outer edge or the base part of the leaves, so that the degree of mechanical damage to the cutting is reduced.

(4) Cuttage: spraying and disinfecting the cutting slips obtained in the step (3) by using 50mg/L of ampicillin solution, then soaking the bottom ends of the cutting slips in 0.2g/L of fulvic acid solution for 30s, then inserting the cutting slips into a seedling culture medium in a nutrition bag, and then spraying the nutrition bag with water until the cutting slips are thoroughly wet;

Comparative example 1

Just fulvic acid was replaced with the same concentration of ABT rooting agent as in example 3 and the results are shown in table 1.

Comparative example 2

Just fulvic acid was replaced with IBA (indolebutyric acid) at the same concentration as in example 3, and the results are shown in table 1.

Comparative example 3

In the same manner as in example 3, no plant growth regulator or rooting promoter was used in step 4, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative example 4

In the same way as in example 3, the seedling substrate in the nutrition bag is replaced by river sand, and alcohol with the volume percentage of 75% is sprayed for disinfection. The cutting slips are also sterilized by spraying with alcohol with the volume percentage of 75 percent. The fulvic acid was replaced with the same concentration of ABT rooting agent and the results are shown in table 1.

Comparative example 5

In the same way as in example 3, the seedling substrate in the nutrition bag was replaced by red soil, and a commercially available carbendazim solution with a mass percentage of 0.2% was sprayed for sterilization. And (3) carrying out spray disinfection on the cutting slips by using 0.1 mass percent of potassium permanganate solution. The fulvic acid was replaced with IBA (indolebutyric acid) at the same concentration and the results are given in table 1.

Comparative example 6

In the same way as in example 3, the seedling substrate of the bark raw material in the nutrition bag is sprayed with a potassium permanganate solution with the mass percentage of 0.5% for disinfection. And (3) carrying out spray disinfection on the cutting slips by using 0.1 mass percent of carbendazim solution. No plant growth regulator or rooting promoter was used in step 4 and the results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative example 7

The seedling substrate in the nutrition bag was replaced with commercially available humus soil, no plant growth regulator or rooting promoter was used in step 4, the sterilization method and other steps were the same as in example 3, and the results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 cuttage results

As can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples, example 3 is superior to comparative examples 1, 2, and 3, indicating that the effect of the present invention using fulvic acid as a rooting promoter is superior to that of conventional hormones; comparative example 1 is superior to comparative example 4, showing that the collocation of the matrix and the disinfectant of the invention is superior to that of the conventional river sand and alcohol; comparative example 2 is superior to comparative example 5, showing that the collocation of the matrix and the disinfectant of the invention is superior to that of the conventional laterite, carbendazim and potassium permanganate; comparative example 3 is superior to comparative example 6, which shows that the disinfectant of the invention has better collocation than the conventional potassium permanganate and carbendazim; comparative example 3 is superior to comparative example 7, indicating that the selection of the matrix of the present invention is superior to that of the conventional humus soil. In conclusion, the cultivation method provided by the invention improves the cutting survival rate of the Adansonia dubia.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The breeding method of the Adansonia dubia is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) mixing eucalyptus bark, pinus khasys bark and oak bark in a mass ratio of 6:3:1, and then decomposing to obtain a culture substrate; disinfecting the culture substrate by using 0.05-0.1% by mass of benzalkonium bromide solution to obtain a disinfected substrate;

2) selecting a macaque branch with the length of 7-10 cm and the diameter of 0.3-0.8 cm as a cutting, sterilizing the cutting by using an ampicillin solution with the concentration of 10-50 mg/L to obtain a sterilized cutting, soaking the bottom end of the sterilized cutting in a fulvic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.2 g/L for 30s, and cutting to culture in the sterilized substrate obtained in the step 1); the culture conditions are as follows: the environment humidity is 60-75%, the temperature is 22-32 ℃, the water content of the disinfection matrix is kept to be 55-65% in the culture process, a sunshade net is used for shading in the culture process, and the light transmittance of the sunshade net is 50-70%.