CN111387346A - Selenium-enriched feed based on organic selenium-enriched plants, preparation method thereof and compound feed - Google Patents

Selenium-enriched feed based on organic selenium-enriched plants, preparation method thereof and compound feed Download PDF

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CN111387346A
CN111387346A CN202010344762.9A CN202010344762A CN111387346A CN 111387346 A CN111387346 A CN 111387346A CN 202010344762 A CN202010344762 A CN 202010344762A CN 111387346 A CN111387346 A CN 111387346A
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杨伟
王磊
王小炜
朱定祥
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Jiangsu Dede Health Industry Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/174Vitamins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26Compounds containing phosphorus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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    • A23L5/28Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification using microorganisms
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention discloses a selenium-enriched feed based on organic selenium-enriched plants, a preparation method thereof and a compound feed, wherein the feed raw materials which are easy to absorb and utilize are fermented and hydrolyzed by probiotics to generate a large amount of active peptides, inhibit harmful bacteria, maintain intestinal flora balance and ferment beneficial bacteria in the feed, and maintain intestinal flora balance; the fermented feed with the improved feed utilization rate contains various enzymes, can supplement the shortage of endogenous enzymes of organisms, promote the digestion of various nutrient substances in the organisms, improve the utilization rate of feed protein and energy of the laying hens, and eliminate the bean pulp which is not treated by the anti-nutritional factors and contains trypsin inhibitor, urease, saponin, goiter-causing factors, flatulence factors, anti-vitamin factors and the like, and the substances can hinder the digestion and utilization of the feed by the laying hens; improve the quality of the eggs, increase the weight of the eggs after long-term use and improve the laying rate.

Description

Selenium-enriched feed based on organic selenium-enriched plants, preparation method thereof and compound feed
Technical Field
The invention relates to a selenium-enriched feed based on organic selenium-enriched plants, a preparation method thereof and a compound feed.
Background
The waste stems and leaves of selenium-rich broccoli are mostly stacked in fields and allowed to decay except for being used as a small amount of green feed for pigs, rabbits and the like. However, it is known that the nutrient value of broccoli is high, and the stem and leaves of broccoli are not poor, and the stem and leaves of broccoli are main agricultural wastes of broccoli producing areas. The stem and leaf biomass of the broccoli is large, the yield per mu can reach 2000-2500 kg, the growth period is only three months, the broccoli can be produced for three to four seasons in one year, a large amount of waste generated by long-term planting is rotted, not only water eutrophication is caused, a large amount of death of cultured fishes and other aquatic organisms is caused, but also a large amount of malodorous gas is generated, and the body health and the life quality of surrounding residents are seriously influenced. Therefore, the treatment and utilization of the stem and leaf wastes are of great significance for ensuring the sustainable development of the selenium-rich broccoli industry. At present, 6-32mg/kg of sodium selenite is mixed into feed to produce high-selenium eggs and meat, but the sodium selenite is inorganic selenium, so that the tolerance range of poultry is low, and the poisoning of hens is easily caused; causing egg drop and death of the hens. According to the report, 5-7mg/kg selenium (sodium selenite) can cause hen poisoning, so that the development of the selenium-rich feed with high efficiency and high safety has important significance for the breeding of poultry. In addition, the existing feed has no obvious effect on the yield of eggs and the control of the soft egg rate and the egg breakage rate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention solves the problems that: the selenium-enriched feed based on the organic selenium-enriched plants, which can improve the yield of eggs, reduce the soft egg rate and the egg breakage rate and improve the selenium-enriched nutritive value of the eggs, the preparation method and the compound feed thereof are provided.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a selenium-rich feed based on organic selenium-rich plants comprises, by weight, 70-80 parts of selenium-rich plant powder, 14-16 parts of soybean meal, 7-9 parts of corn flour and 0.8-1.2 parts of a composite inoculation liquid, wherein the selenium-rich plant powder is prepared by crushing stems and leaves of selenium-rich broccoli, the composite inoculation liquid comprises a lactobacillus agent, a yeast agent, bacillus subtilis, brown sugar and distilled water, and the concentration content of lactobacillus in the composite inoculation liquid is 2 × 1010CFU/kg, concentration content of yeast 5 × 1010CFU/kg, concentration content of Bacillus subtilis 2 × 1010The concentration content of the CFU/kg and the brown sugar is 50g/kg, and the three kinds of bacteria are prepared into the strain with the concentration of 9 × 10 according to the proportion10CFU/kg premix.
Further, the components and the parts by weight are as follows: 76 parts of selenium-rich plant powder, 15 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of corn flour and 1 part of composite inoculation liquid.
A preparation method of selenium-rich feed based on organic selenium-rich plants comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the composite inoculation liquid, namely taking 50 liters of distilled water, adding lactobacillus with the content of 2 × 1010CFU/g active lactobacillus freeze-dried powder 100 g, yeast content 2 × 1010250 g of CFU/g feeding high-activity dry yeast and 2 × 10 percent of bacillus subtilis1110 g of CFU/g of bacillus subtilis and 5000 g of brown sugar, uniformly mixing, continuously adding distilled water to dilute to 100 kg, and uniformly stirring to obtain a composite inoculation liquid, wherein each kg of the composite inoculation liquid contains 2 × 1010Lactic acid bacteria of CFU, 5 × 1010Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells of CFU, 2 × 1010CFU of Bacillus subtilis;
s2, smashing selenium-rich broccoli: collecting selenium-rich broccoli stem and leaf raw materials, and directly crushing to obtain selenium-rich broccoli powder;
s3, mixing materials: weighing selenium-enriched broccoli powder, bean pulp, corn flour and composite inoculation liquid according to the parts by weight, and then feeding the mixture into a ribbon mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s4, bagging and fermenting: and (3) putting the mixed materials into a plastic bag, compacting, extruding air, sealing, and fermenting at room temperature to obtain the selenium-rich feed.
Further, in the step S2, the chips are crushed into chips with the maximum diameter of 1-2 cm.
Further, in the step S3, the components are mixed by feeding into a ribbon mixer after adjusting the water content to 45 to 50%.
Further, in the step S4, the mixed material is filled into plastic bags according to 50 kg per bag; the room temperature fermentation time is 5-7 days.
A compound feed of a selenium-rich feed based on organic selenium-rich plants comprises a basic feed and the selenium-rich feed, wherein the addition amount of the selenium-rich feed is 0.5-1.5% of the basic feed, and the basic feed comprises, by weight, 60-70 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 7-8 parts of rapeseed cakes, 6-8 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of D L-methionine, 0.3-0.5 part of vitamin and mineral premix and 0.2-0.4 part of salt.
Further, the addition amount of the selenium-rich feed is 1% of that of the basic feed.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The fermented feed for the laying hens has the advantages that the feed raw materials which are easy to absorb and utilize can generate a large amount of active peptides after being fermented and hydrolyzed by probiotics; inhibiting harmful bacteria, maintaining beneficial bacteria in the intestinal flora balance fermented feed, and maintaining the intestinal flora balance; the fermented feed with the improved feed utilization rate contains various enzymes, can supplement the deficiency of endogenous enzymes of organisms, promote the digestion of various nutrient substances in the organisms and improve the utilization rate of the laying hens on feed protein and energy; the bean pulp which is not treated by the anti-nutritional factors is eliminated and contains trypsin inhibitor, urease, saponin, goiter-causing factors, flatulence factors, anti-vitamin factors and the like, and the substances can hinder the feed digestion and utilization of the laying hens; the feed has the advantages of improving the quality of eggs, increasing the egg weight, improving the laying rate, prolonging various organic acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid and the like secreted by beneficial bacteria such as lactobacillus and the like contained in the microbial fermentation feed in the egg laying peak period, reducing the pH value of intestinal tracts and improving the mineral substances of the intestinal tracts of animals.
2. The production waste of the broccoli is used as the raw material, so that the production cost is reduced, the environmental pollution is relieved, and the economic and ecological benefits are remarkable. In addition, the selenium-rich eggs improve the added value of the eggs, improve the economic benefit of farmers and fully utilize agricultural waste raw materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
A selenium-rich feed based on organic selenium-rich plants comprises, by weight, 76 parts of selenium-rich plant powder, 15 parts of bean pulp, 8 parts of corn flour and 1 part of a composite inoculation liquid, wherein the selenium-rich plant powder is prepared by crushing stems and leaves of selenium-rich broccoli, the composite inoculation liquid comprises a lactobacillus agent, a yeast agent, bacillus subtilis, brown sugar and distilled water, and the concentration content of lactobacillus in the composite inoculation liquid is 2 × 1010CFU/kg, concentration content of yeast 5 × 1010CFU/kg, concentration content of Bacillus subtilis 2 × 1010The concentration content of the CFU/kg and the brown sugar is 50g/kg, and the three kinds of bacteria are prepared into the strain with the concentration of 9 × 10 according to the proportion10CFU/kg premix.
A preparation method of selenium-rich feed based on organic selenium-rich plants comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the composite inoculation liquid, namely taking 50 liters of distilled water, adding lactobacillus with the content of 2 × 1010CFU/g active lactobacillus freeze-dried powder 100 g, yeast content 2 × 1010250 g of CFU/g feeding high-activity dry yeast and 2 × 10 percent of bacillus subtilis1110 g of CFU/g of bacillus subtilis and 5000 g of brown sugar, uniformly mixing, continuously adding distilled water to dilute to 100 kg, and uniformly stirring to obtain a composite inoculation liquid, wherein each kg of the composite inoculation liquid contains 2 × 1010Lactic acid bacteria of CFU, 5 × 1010Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells of CFU, 2 × 1010CFU of Bacillus subtilis;
s2, smashing selenium-rich broccoli: collecting selenium-rich broccoli stem and leaf raw materials, and directly crushing to obtain selenium-rich broccoli powder; crushing the mixture into chips with the maximum diameter of 1-2 cm.
S3, mixing materials: weighing selenium-enriched broccoli powder, bean pulp, corn flour and composite inoculation liquid according to the parts by weight, and then feeding the mixture into a ribbon mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material; after the water content is adjusted to 45-50%, all the components are fed into a ribbon blender for mixing.
S4, bagging and fermenting: and (3) putting the mixed materials into a plastic bag, compacting, extruding air, sealing, and fermenting at room temperature to obtain the selenium-rich feed. The mixed materials are put into plastic bags according to 50 kg per bag; the room temperature fermentation time is 5-7 days.
A compound feed of a selenium-rich feed based on organic selenium-rich plants comprises a basic feed and the selenium-rich feed, wherein the addition amount of the selenium-rich feed is 0.5-1.5% of the basic feed, and the embodiment can take 1% preferentially, and the basic feed comprises, by weight, 63.3 parts of corn, 20 parts of bean pulp, 7.6 parts of rapeseed cakes, 7 parts of stone powder, 1.3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.11 part of D L-methionine, 0.34 part of vitamin mineral premix and 0.3 part of salt.
Example 2
The influence of the lactic acid bacteria agent, the yeast agent and the bacillus subtilis which are used in the invention on egg laying is tested by respectively using the strains individually and mixing the strains.
1.1 test animals and modes of experiment
370 healthy 38-week-old Hailan brown laying hens in the same chicken farm with the same weight are selected for test and randomly divided into 5 groups of 74 feeds, wherein each group of feeds used correspondingly comprises a base material, 1% of selenium-enriched feed containing lactobacillus alone, 1% of the base material, 1% of the selenium-enriched feed containing saccharomycetes alone, 1% of the base material, 1% of the selenium-enriched feed containing bacillus subtilis alone and the selenium-enriched feed prepared according to the embodiment 1, the base material is a staple food feed used daily, the selenium-enriched feed containing lactobacillus alone, the selenium-enriched feed containing saccharomycetes alone and the selenium-enriched feed containing bacillus subtilis alone are all the feeds prepared by using the method, only the lactobacillus, the saccharomycetes and the bacillus subtilis are respectively and independently added, and the content of each strain in the composite inoculation liquid is 9 × 1010CFU/kg, raising and managing test chickens in full-step cage with 3 chickens per cage, freely eating and drinking water, and irradiating with l7 hours per dayThen (c) is performed. The pre-test period is 7 days, and the combination screening test is 14 days. 15 parts per day: and (3) recording the egg number, the egg weight, the number of broken eggs and the number of soft-shell eggs of each group in a 30-inspection egg weighing test period, and recording the feeding amount and the residual material of each group.
1.2 Combined screening test comparison data for egg production, egg production and egg weight of each group are shown in the following Table
Figure BDA0002469755430000041
Figure BDA0002469755430000051
As can be seen from the above table, the addition of the composite strain compared with the addition of the single strain obviously improves the egg yield and the feed-egg ratio, reduces the egg breakage rate and the soft egg rate, and obviously improves the selenium content of the eggs
Example 3
Experiments are carried out on the influence of different specific contents of the selenium-rich feed prepared by the invention in the basic material on the egg laying effect.
3.1 test animals and modes of experiment
The appropriate dose screening test selects 384 healthy helan brown laying hens of the same variety and the same weight in the other 20 weeks old in another chicken farm. The test groups were randomly divided into 4 groups of 96 each, with 4 replicates per group. The test chickens are raised in full-step cages with 3 chickens per cage, are fed with free water and food, and are irradiated for l7 hours every day. The pre-test period is 7 days, and the combination screening test is 14 days. 15 parts per day: and (3) recording the egg number, the egg weight, the number of broken eggs and the number of soft-shell eggs of each group in a 30-inspection egg weighing test period, and recording the feeding amount and the residual material of each group.
3.2 the experimental data on the effect of using different amounts of the selenium-enriched feed of the invention on egg production are as follows.
Figure BDA0002469755430000052
Figure BDA0002469755430000061
The table shows that when the addition amount is about 1%, the egg yield of the chicken is the highest, and the total selenium is also obviously improved. The selenium content in the eggs added with the selenium-enriched feed is not obviously improved, so the most suitable adding amount of the selenium-enriched feed is 1 percent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. The selenium-enriched feed based on the organic selenium-enriched plants is characterized by comprising, by weight, 70-80 parts of selenium-enriched plant powder, 14-16 parts of bean pulp, 7-9 parts of corn flour and 0.8-1.2 parts of composite inoculation liquid, wherein the selenium-enriched plant powder is formed by crushing stems and leaves of selenium-enriched broccoli, the composite inoculation liquid comprises a lactic acid bacteria agent, a yeast agent, bacillus subtilis, brown sugar and distilled water, and the concentration content of lactic acid bacteria in the composite inoculation liquid is 2 × 1010CFU/kg, concentration content of yeast 5 × 1010CFU/kg, concentration content of Bacillus subtilis 2 × 1010The concentration content of the CFU/kg and the brown sugar is 50g/kg, and the three kinds of bacteria are prepared into the strain with the concentration of 9 × 10 according to the proportion10CFU/kg premix.
2. The selenium-enriched feed based on organic selenium-enriched plants as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 76 parts of selenium-rich plant powder, 15 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of corn flour and 1 part of composite inoculation liquid.
3. A preparation method of selenium-rich feed based on organic selenium-rich plants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing the composite inoculation liquid, namely taking 50 liters of distilled water, adding lactobacillus with the content of 2 × 1010CFU/g active lactobacillus freeze-dried powder 100 g, yeast content 2 × 1010250 g of CFU/g feeding high-activity dry yeast and 2 × 10 percent of bacillus subtilis11CFU/gMixing Bacillus subtilis 10 g and brown sugar 5000 g, diluting with distilled water to 100 kg, and stirring to obtain composite inoculation liquid containing 2 × 10/kg10Lactic acid bacteria of CFU, 5 × 1010Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells of CFU, 2 × 1010CFU of Bacillus subtilis;
s2, smashing selenium-rich broccoli: collecting selenium-rich broccoli stem and leaf raw materials, and directly crushing to obtain selenium-rich broccoli powder;
s3, mixing materials: weighing selenium-enriched broccoli powder, bean pulp, corn flour and composite inoculation liquid according to the parts by weight, and then feeding the mixture into a ribbon mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s4, bagging and fermenting: and (3) putting the mixed materials into a plastic bag, compacting, extruding air, sealing, and fermenting at room temperature to obtain the selenium-rich feed.
4. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched feed based on the organic selenium-enriched plants in the claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the selenium-enriched feed is crushed into chips with the maximum diameter of 1-2 cm.
5. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched feed based on the organic selenium-enriched plants in the step S3, wherein the water content is adjusted to 45-50%, and then the components are fed into a ribbon mixer to be mixed.
6. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched feed based on the organic selenium-enriched plants in the step S4, wherein the mixed materials are filled into plastic bags according to 50 kg per bag; the room temperature fermentation time is 5-7 days.
7. The compound feed based on the selenium-rich feed of the organic selenium-rich plants is characterized by comprising a basic feed and the selenium-rich feed, wherein the addition amount of the selenium-rich feed is 0.5-1.5 percent of the basic feed, and the basic feed comprises, by weight, 60-70 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of bean pulp, 7-8 parts of rapeseed cakes, 6-8 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of D L-methionine, 0.3-0.5 part of vitamin mineral premix and 0.2-0.4 part of salt.
8. The compound feed of the selenium-enriched feed based on the organic selenium-enriched plants as claimed in claim 7, wherein the addition amount of the selenium-enriched feed is 1% of that of the basic feed.
CN202010344762.9A 2020-04-27 2020-04-27 Selenium-enriched feed based on organic selenium-enriched plants, preparation method thereof and compound feed Pending CN111387346A (en)

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CN114176175A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-03-15 恩施德源健康科技发展有限公司 Feed additive for improving meat quality of rejected laying hens and feeding method
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CN114176175A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-03-15 恩施德源健康科技发展有限公司 Feed additive for improving meat quality of rejected laying hens and feeding method
CN114176175B (en) * 2021-12-24 2023-10-31 湖北国硒科技发展有限公司 Feed additive for improving meat quality of obsolete laying hens and feeding method
CN115720970A (en) * 2022-12-08 2023-03-03 湖北国硒科技发展有限公司 Organic selenium-rich feed additive and preparation method and application thereof

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