CN102511281A - Selenium-enriched broccoli plant material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-enriched broccoli plant material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102511281A CN102511281A CN2011104262512A CN201110426251A CN102511281A CN 102511281 A CN102511281 A CN 102511281A CN 2011104262512 A CN2011104262512 A CN 2011104262512A CN 201110426251 A CN201110426251 A CN 201110426251A CN 102511281 A CN102511281 A CN 102511281A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selenium-enriched broccoli plant material and a cultivation method thereof. Selenium exists in the plant material in a form of Se-methylselenocysteine, has a content of 2.5mg/kg-2500mg/kg in the plant material, and accounts for more than 80% of the content of total selenium. A selenium source for the plant material is obtained from different selenium concentration gradients, a good selenium form result is obtained, and the shortages that persistence of the selenium in the prior art is poor, the selenium is easy to be reduced in the environment, the utilization rate of the selenium is limited and the like are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selenium-enriched plant material, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method and application of being rich in broccoli vegetable material and this material of methylselenocysteinefrom.
Background technology
Selenium is trace element essential in the humans and animals body, is to constitute the nearly activated centre of 23 kinds of functional proteins such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), selenoprotein P, have anticancer, anti-oxidant, improve effect such as immunity.To the greatest extent China has 72% area day selenium intake significantly to be lower than the selenium daily intaking amount that The World Health Organization (WHO) is recommended approximately, has caused serious human body and animal health problem.
Selenium totally is divided into inorganic selenium and organic selenium two big classes: the former comprises selenate, selenite etc., and inorganic selenium assimilation effect for humans and animals is poor, and risk of toxicity is big, and improper use very easily causes selenosis; The latter mainly is meant the selenium with the biological organic molecule combining form, and the organic selenium absorption ratio is high concerning humans and animals, and risk of toxicity is little, is more suitable for mending the requirement of selenium.
The further segmentation of organic selenium mainly comprises selenomethionine, selenocysteine, methylselenocysteinefrom, also is included in all seldom selenium polysaccharides, seleno nucleic acid etc. of content in the animals and plants.And also there is bigger difference in the metabolism of former three in the humans and animals body, and main non-specific binding stored the long-term long-acting biological function of performance as selenium after methylselenocysteinefrom got into body in proteosome; Methylselenocysteinefrom then directly gets in the metabolic pathway of synthesizing of selenoprotein, for selenium biology merit has been brought into play direct effect effect (progress of yeast organic selenium, Chen Min, Li Feng, feed research, 2010).Methylselenocysteinefrom then is different from other several kinds of seleno-amino acids, is considered to one of effective chemical anticancerogenics ((SMT) gene clone of broccoli selenium methyltransferase and overexpression research, Li Bin, University Of Agriculture and Forestry In Fujian's Master's thesis, 2009).
At present, the exploitation of rich selenium product and associated materials increases gradually, and method is also varied, but does not all also relate to the rich selenium material that specific selenium form is rich in directive breeding.Like Chinese invention patent " a kind of production method of organic selenium " (application number: 200810017759.5) disclose the production method that a kind of growth that utilizes plant is converted into inorganic selenium organic selenium; After its method is the seed of plant soaked with the mineral salt sodium selenite solution again through germination, plantation; Growth through plant is converted into organic selenium with inorganic selenium, just becomes organic selenium product through handling then.Its kind is limited to common mung bean, cowpea, tomato, cucumber, and these kinds are limited and form is uncertain to the accumulation of selenium.
Broccoli (broccoli) is Cruciferae rape genus one, biennial herb plant, and selenium is had certain property accumulated.Chinese invention patent " a kind of pork quality improved feed based on broccoli stem-leaf powder " (application number 200910152792.3) discloses a kind of pork quality improved feed based on broccoli stem-leaf powder; Be 0.00002～0.0001% in the shared percentage by weight of the organic selenium of selenium wherein, the effect of organic selenium is can work in coordination with the effects such as shelf life that produce stable yellowish pink, reduce drip loss, prolong fresh meat with broccoli stem-leaf powder.But the content of organic selenium is very limited in the disclosed broccoli powder, is merely 0.2～1mg/kg; Though there is the selenium in the common broccoli of reported in literature mainly to exist with the form of methylselenocysteinefrom; But when high concentration is accumulated; It is unknown whether the selenium form situation in the broccoli can change etc., and Se content is high, the selenium form is more excellent rich selenium broccoli is not arranged as yet to satisfy the application that some adds occasion at present.The present invention therefore.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rich selenium broccoli vegetable material, it is not long to have solved in the prior art selenium persistence, is easy in environment, be reduced and problem such as availability is limited.
In order to solve these problems of the prior art, technical scheme provided by the invention is following:
A kind of rich selenium broccoli vegetable material; It is characterized in that selenium exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material; And the content of selenium in said vegetable material so that the methylselenocysteinefrom form exists is 2.5mg/kg～2500mg/kg, accounts for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
Preferably, the content of the selenium that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material in said vegetable material is 2.5mg/kg～20mg/kg, accounts for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
Preferably, the content of the selenium that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material in said vegetable material is 20mg/kg～2000mg/kg, accounts for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
Preferably, the content of the selenium that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material in said vegetable material is 50mg/kg～1000mg/kg, accounts for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of cultivating described rich selenium broccoli vegetable material; It is characterized in that said method is included in the process of growth of broccoli adds selenium source in the somatomedin of broccoli; Regulate that Se content is 0.2～200mg/kg in the somatomedin, and add alkaline matter simultaneously and the pH value of somatomedin integral body or local environment is controlled at 7～8 step.
Preferably, selenium source described in the said method is transferred one or more the combination in any be selected from sodium selenite, sodium selenate, seleno-amino acids, the Se-enriched yeast selenide of carragheen.
Preferably, alkaline matter described in the said method be selected from wherein one or more of white lime, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide with any than mixing.
Adding is 10-100 with the weight ratio of selenium source material when preferably, adding selenium source in the said method: 1 humic acid.
Adding is 10-100 with the weight ratio of selenium source material when preferably, adding selenium source in the said method: 1 fulvic acid.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of described rich selenium broccoli vegetable material in the food of producing the organic selenium fill-in, the application of feed.
The present invention provides a kind of broccoli vegetable material that is rich in methylselenocysteinefrom; The content of the selenium that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in this vegetable material is 2mg/kg～2000mg/kg, and it is (to be that total Se content is 2.5mg/kg～2500mg/kg) more than 80% that the selenium of this form accounts for total selenium ratio.
The present invention also provides a kind of production method that is rich in the broccoli vegetable material of methylselenocysteinefrom.Its method is in the process of growth of broccoli; In its somatomedin, add an amount of selenium source and selenium biologically active retention agent---alkaline matter; Can also add selenium to it and absorb the organic matter that promoter if can promote that plant absorbs selenium; Reach stable and effective selenium source supply is provided in the somatomedin of broccoli; And be beneficial to the broccoli absorption and accumulation, and broccoli is owing to its unique biological characteristic, and the selenium in the plant all exists with the form of methylselenocysteinefrom more than 80%.
The present invention provides and utilizes broccoli that the technical scheme that inorganic selenium is converted into organic selenium is following: in the process of growth of broccoli, in its somatomedin, add a certain amount of selenium source; Make the Se content in the somatomedin reach 0.2～200mg/kg; And adding alkaline matter---the selenium biologically active retention agent can prevent to be reduced during biological available state selenium is under field condition and to lose efficacy simultaneously, described selenium biologically active retention agent is meant the organic bases or the inorganic base that can broccoli somatomedin integral body or local modulation be become alkalescence (pH 7～8).
As preferably, described selenium biologically active retention agent is meant hydroxide.As preferably, said selenium biologically active retention agent is meant slaked lime, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Technical scheme provided by the invention can also be included in and add selenium in the somatomedin of broccoli and absorb promoter; Its consumption is that described selenium absorbs the organic matter that promoter being meant can promote that plant absorbs selenium, and the weight ratio of its addition and selenium source material is 10-100: 1.As preferably, described selenium absorbs promoter and is meant humic acid.As preferably, described selenium absorbs promoter and is meant fulvic acid.
Add selenium biologically active retention agent when in the somatomedin of broccoli, adding selenium; With local flow improvement in the somatomedin or on every side is pH at 7～8 alkalescence environment; Can prevent effectively that available state selenium is reduced into the selenium of element state and can not be absorbed by plant; Make the effective selenium that adds to keep long biological effectiveness; Whole growth at broccoli provides stable selenium source supply in period; Be to have solved under the condition of 0.2～200mg/kg at broccoli at somatomedin selenium selenium concentration, and finally make broccoli reach total selenium accumulation effect of 2.5mg/kg～2500mg/kg, and realize in the broccoli that about 80% selenium form exists with the form that can greatly bring into play the methylselenocysteinefrom of antitumaous effect the selenium problem of resistance.
The selenium that in the somatomedin of broccoli, adds absorbs promoter; Its humic acid, xanthohumic acid kind that can promote plant that selenium is absorbed is organic; Can promote broccoli absorbing to selenium; Under the identical condition of other conditions, can the Se content of broccoli be improved 10～25%, can realize the more good utilisation of the selenium of interpolation, avoid the loss of selenium to cause environmental hazard.
Resulting high selenium material can be used as human body and animal selenium source supplementation material preferably, after drying and crushing, is adding as selenium source in occasions such as food, feeds, is of value to humans and animals healthy selenium-enriched food, Se-enriched feedstuff to produce.
Compare prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
It is big to the invention provides a kind of selenium accumulation, and the selenium form is beneficial to improves the high organic selenium vegetable material of humans and animals body to canceration antagonism function, can be used for the interpolation of occasions such as food, feed.Also provide a kind of this plant is carried out selenium nutrition-intensified to obtain the method for this material; It is not long that this method has broken through in the prior art selenium persistence; Be easy in environment, be reduced and defective such as availability is limited; Realized this vegetable material from the obtaining and form result preferably of different selenium concentration gradients, and taken into full account the tolerance limit of broccoli, formed accumulating of organic selenium higher concentration it not being produced under the situation that selenium poisons selenium.
Embodiment:
Following examples are used to explain the present invention, but can not be used for limiting scope of the present invention.The implementation condition that adopts among the embodiment can be done further adjustment according to the condition of concrete producer, and unaccounted implementation condition is generally the condition in the normal experiment.
Embodiment 1
Under the soil cultivation condition, in seedling phase of broccoli sodium selenite is mixed with a certain amount of white lime obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth; Make Se content average out to 0.2mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 2.5mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition,, and join in the culture matrix after sodium selenite and sodium selenate mixed with any coin in culture matrix pH regulator to 7～8 of broccoli; Make the wherein average 0.2mg/kg of Se content; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 4mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the soil cultivation condition, sodium selenite is mixed with a certain amount of white lime in the seedling phase of broccoli, and with the ratio mixing of humic acid with 1: 10; Obtaining the mixture of pH 7, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth, make Se content average out to 0.2mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 2.8mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition,, and sodium selenite and sodium selenate mixed with any coin to add behind the cloud with its mass ratio be that 10: 1 humic acid is inserted in the liquid nutrient medium again in culture matrix pH regulator to 7～8 of broccoli; Make the wherein average 0.2mg/kg of Se content; And to when results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 5mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Embodiment 2
Under the soil cultivation condition, before the bolting of broccoli, sodium selenate is mixed with a certain amount of sodium hydroxide obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth; Make Se content average out to 2mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 25mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, before the bolting of broccoli,, and join in the culture matrix after sodium selenite, sodium selenate, seleno-amino acids mixed with any coin culture matrix pH regulator to 7.5; Make the wherein average 2mg/kg of Se content; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 40mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the soil cultivation condition, sodium selenate is mixed with a certain amount of sodium hydroxide in the seedling phase of broccoli, and with the ratio mixing of humic acid with 1: 30; Obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth, make Se content average out to 5mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 30mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, in culture matrix pH regulator to 7～8 of broccoli, and with sodium selenite and sodium selenate being that 30: 1 humic acid is inserted in the liquid nutrient medium than adding again behind the mixing arbitrarily with its mass ratio; Make the wherein average 2mg/kg of Se content; And to when results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 45mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Embodiment 3
Under the soil cultivation condition, in seedling phase of broccoli sodium selenite is mixed with a certain amount of potassium hydroxide obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth; Make Se content average out to 10mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 200mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, before the bolting of broccoli,, and sodium selenite, sodium selenate, seleno-amino acids joined in the culture matrix after mixing with any culture matrix pH regulator to 8; Make the wherein average 10mg/kg of Se content; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 300mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the soil cultivation condition, sodium selenite is mixed with a certain amount of potassium hydroxide in the seedling phase of broccoli, and with the ratio mixing of fulvic acid with 1: 50; To obtain the mixture of pH 7～8; And it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth, make Se content average out to 10mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth, when gathering in the crops; Gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content; Wherein total Se content is about 250mg/kg, wherein, and the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, in culture matrix pH regulator to 7～8 of broccoli, and with sodium selenite and sodium selenate being that 50: 1 fulvic acid is inserted in the liquid nutrient medium than adding again behind the mixing arbitrarily with its mass ratio; Make the wherein average 10mg/kg of Se content; And to when results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 350mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Embodiment 4
Under the soil cultivation condition, in seedling phase of broccoli sodium selenate is mixed with a certain amount of white lime obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth; Make Se content average out to 50mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 800mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, before the bolting of broccoli,, and sodium selenite, sodium selenate, seleno-amino acids joined in the culture matrix after mixing with any culture matrix pH regulator to 7.5; Make the wherein average 50mg/kg of Se content; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 1200mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the soil cultivation condition, sodium selenate is mixed with a certain amount of white lime in the seedling phase of broccoli, and with the ratio mixing of humic acid with 1: 70; Obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth, make Se content average out to 50mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 1000mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, in culture matrix pH regulator to 7～8 of broccoli, and with sodium selenite and sodium selenate being that 70: 1 humic acid is inserted in the liquid nutrient medium than adding again behind the mixing arbitrarily with its mass ratio; Make the wherein average 50mg/kg of Se content; And to when results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 1350mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Embodiment 5
Under the soil cultivation condition, in seedling phase of broccoli Se-enriched yeast is mixed with a certain amount of white lime obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth; Make Se content average out to 100mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 1500mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, before the bolting of broccoli,, and yeast is milled to 200 orders joins in the culture matrix later on culture matrix pH regulator to 8; Make the wherein average 100mg/kg of Se content; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 2000mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the soil cultivation condition, sodium selenate is mixed with a certain amount of white lime in the seedling phase of broccoli, and with the ratio mixing of humic acid with 1: 90; Obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth, make Se content average out to 100mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 1700mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the water planting condition, before the bolting of broccoli,, and yeast is milled to 200 orders and humic acid joins in the culture matrix after with 1: 90 mixed culture matrix pH regulator to 8; Make the wherein average 100mg/kg of Se content; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 2300mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Embodiment 6
Under the soil cultivation condition; In seedling phase of broccoli with sodium selenite, sodium selenate, seleno-amino acids, Se-enriched yeast selenide of carragheen with any evener obtaining the mixture of pH 7～8 than mixing back and a certain amount of white lime,, and it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth; Make Se content average out to 200mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth; During to results, gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content, wherein total Se content is about 2400mg/kg; Wherein, the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Under the soil cultivation condition, sodium selenate is mixed with a certain amount of white lime in the seedling phase of broccoli, and with the ratio mixing of fulvic acid with 1: 100; To obtain the mixture of pH 7～8; And it is applied in the soil of broccoli growth, make Se content average out to 200mg/kg in the topsoil of its growth, when gathering in the crops; Gather the broccoli plant and carry out the test of Se content; Wherein total Se content is about 2500mg/kg, wherein, and the selenium accounting about 80% that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form.
Above-mentioned instance only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to let the people who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalent transformations that spirit is done according to the present invention or modification all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. rich selenium broccoli vegetable material; It is characterized in that selenium exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material; And the content of selenium in said vegetable material so that the methylselenocysteinefrom form exists is 2.5 mg/kg ~ 2500 mg/kg, accounts for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
2. rich selenium broccoli vegetable material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the content of selenium in said vegetable material that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material is 2.5 mg/kg ~ 20 mg/kg, account for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
3. rich selenium broccoli vegetable material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the content of selenium in said vegetable material that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material is 20 mg/kg ~ 2000 mg/kg, account for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
4. rich selenium broccoli vegetable material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the content of selenium in said vegetable material that exists with the methylselenocysteinefrom form in the said vegetable material is 50 mg/kg ~ 1000 mg/kg, account for more than 80% of total Se content ratio.
5. method of cultivating any described rich selenium broccoli vegetable material of claim 1～4; It is characterized in that said method is included in the process of growth of broccoli adds selenium source in the somatomedin of broccoli; Regulate that Se content is 0.2 ~ 200 mg/kg in the somatomedin, and add alkaline matter simultaneously and the pH value of somatomedin integral body or local environment is controlled at 7 ~ 8 step.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that selenium source described in the said method transfers one or more the combination in any be selected from sodium selenite, sodium selenate, seleno-amino acids, the Se-enriched yeast selenide of carragheen.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that alkaline matter described in the said method be selected from wherein one or more of white lime, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide with any than mixing.
8. method according to claim 5 adds when it is characterized in that adding selenium source in the said method and the weight ratio of selenium source material is the humic acid of 10-100:1.
9. method according to claim 5 adds when it is characterized in that adding selenium source in the said method and the weight ratio of selenium source material is the fulvic acid of 10-100:1.
Among the claim 1-4 any described rich selenium broccoli vegetable material in the food of producing the organic selenium fill-in, the application of feed.
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