CN111374293A - 一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,包括:(1)将主料加清水煮后,再加中药料煮,得预制卤水;(2)食材预处理:将食材沸水中焯水后,放入80~95℃中温油中1~5min捞出;(3)增鲜处理:将食材按照比例放入预制卤水,加复合增鲜料,复合增鲜料包括:8~12份斑兰叶,1~3份紫苏叶,3~5份柠檬香茅和3~5份毛茸薄荷;在50~65℃下保温浸泡10~40min;(4)卤制:加调味辅料,加热卤制,保温,得到养血补气卤制食品。本发明采用由主料、中药料、复合增鲜料和调味辅料组配而成的卤料制备得到的卤制食品,不仅具有养血补气的功效,而且入味均匀,口感更加鲜美嫩滑、风味独特,适用性广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,特别涉及一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法。
背景技术
卤制食品是我国的传统食品。卤料是制作卤制品的调料,主要通过利用卤料的浓烈芳香味,去除食品原料的腥膻味,同时进一步增加食品的风味和口感。现有市场上卤料配方和卤制方法多种多样,其所带来的口感、风味等也各不相同。
但随着人们对卤味鲜味的要求越来越高,受目前的卤料配方以及卤制工艺不同的影响,往往使卤制得到的卤制食品的口感差异较大,尤其是在制备具有补益保健功效的卤制食品的过程中,容易导致卤制食品的咸涩味增加,药味大,口感大大降低,并且卤制工艺入味时间长,入味不均匀,随着卤制时间的延长导致卤制食品的鲜味不足,嫩度差,口感风味降低。因此,提供一种可有效制备具有良好的补益保健功能且风味口感佳的卤制食品的卤制方法,对卤制食品的生产加工具有重要意义。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明提出一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,制备得到的卤制食品不仅具有养血补气的功效,而且入味均匀,口感更加鲜美嫩滑、风味独特,适用性广。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
本发明提供一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,包括对肉质食品、动物内脏和蛋、豆质制品的卤制,卤料按照重量份数比,包括12~18份主料、3~8份中药料、2~4份复合增鲜料和4~10份调味辅料;制备步骤如下:
(1)预制卤水:将主料放入卤制锅中,所述卤料主料按照重量份数比包括:3~5份丁香,6~10份山奈,3~7份小茴香,10~15份大料,6~10份花椒,8~12份桂皮,5~10份陈皮,1~3份草果和1~3份五香粉;加入清水煮10~20min后,加入中药料煮60~80min,所述中药料,按照重量份数比包括:10~15份枸杞,6~10份当归,3~5份党参,1~3份黄芪,2~4份玉竹,2~4份大枣和5~8份山药,得到预制卤水,备用;
(2)食材预处理:
将肉质食品或动物内脏食材于沸水中焯5~8min后,将蛋、豆质制品食材于沸水中焯1~3min后,放入温度为80~95℃的中温油中1~5min后捞出;
(3)增鲜处理:
将食材按照重量份数比为1:(4~6)放入预制卤水中,并加入复合增鲜料,所述复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比包括:8~12份斑兰叶,1~3份紫苏叶,3~5份柠檬香茅和3~5份毛茸薄荷;在50~65℃下保温浸泡10~40min;
(4)卤制:加入调味辅料,加热卤制10~50min,保温1~2h,即可得到养血补气卤制食品。本发明提出一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,通过采用由一定配比的主料、中药料、复合增鲜料和调味辅料组配而成的卤料对肉质食品、动物内脏和蛋、豆质制品的卤制,得到不仅具有养血补气的功效,而且入味均匀,口感更加鲜美嫩滑、风味独特的卤制食品,解决了传统保健卤制工艺的鲜味不足,口感风味低、嫩度差、不易入味的的问题。
其中,由卤料主料与中药料进行充分熬制得到预制卤水,并利用中温油对食材表面的预处理后再进行卤制,可有效促进卤汁中成分的渗入,并提高食材表面的色泽和脆感,同时,利用复合增料搭配预制卤水在一定温度下对食材进行保温提鲜处理,一方面,使中药成分和卤汁更加充分快速地渗入,促进食材入味锁汁,入味更加均匀,从而使卤料具有良好的养血补气功能,另一方面,有利于由一定比例的斑兰叶、紫苏叶、柠檬香茅和毛茸薄荷组合而成复合增鲜料有效调和中药料味和食材的腥膻味,提高卤制食品的风味,形成独特的天然浓郁清香和别样的风味,同时利用其与食材之间的鲜味物质的协同作用,达到良好的增鲜效果,提高卤制食品的鲜味和口感。最后,搭配一定配比的调味辅料进行卤制,即可得到肉质Q弹不柴,鲜美嫩滑,爽口不油腻,色美皮脆的卤制食品,并且适用性好,均可适用于肉质食品,蛋、豆制品,鸡、鸭、猪脚,动物内脏等多种食材的卤制,包括:鸡、鸭蛋、豆条、猪肉、鸭肉、鸡肉、牛肉、猪脚、鸡脚、鸭脚、肝脏、肠等。
进一步说明,步骤(2)中,将食材焯水后,放入温度为90℃的中温油中3min后捞出。
进一步说明,步骤(3)中,将食材和复合增鲜料放入卤水中后,在60℃中保温浸泡35min。通过调控增鲜处理的温度和时间,有利于中药成分和卤汁的的渗入,以及达到良好的增鲜效果,提高卤制食品的风味口感。
更优选的,所述复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比,包括10份斑兰叶,2份紫苏叶,4份柠檬香茅和4份毛茸薄荷。
进一步说明,所述调味辅料,按照重量份比,2~5份盐,8~12份糖,15~25份生抽,10~15份辣椒,1~3份味素,10~15份花生油,5~7份老姜,5~10份蒜头和8~15陈酒。搭配一定配比的调味辅料,使卤料的风味更纯正,提高卤制食品的肉质和口感。
进一步说明,步骤(4)中,在加入调味辅料前,需对调味辅料中的糖炒糖色,将辅料配方的生抽、辣椒、花生油混合加热制成辣椒油。炒糖色有利于进一步提高卤料的上色效果。
进一步说明,所述卤料的主料、中药料和复合增鲜料均过60~80目筛。控制卤料中的主料、中药料和复合增鲜料的粒度,有利于对不同食材达到有效的增鲜和卤制入味,适用性好。
进一步说明,所述卤料与水的重量比为6:(40~50)。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过采用由一定配比的主料、中药料、复合增鲜料和调味辅料组配而成的卤料对肉质食品、动物内脏和蛋、豆质制品的卤制,得到不仅具有养血补气的功效,而且入味均匀,口感更加鲜美嫩滑、风味独特的卤制食品。
其中,由卤料主料与中药料进行充分熬制得到预制卤水,并利用中温油对食材表面的预处理后再进行卤制,可有效促进卤汁中成分的渗入,并提高食材表面的色泽和脆感,同时,利用复合增料搭配预制卤水在一定温度下对食材进行保温提鲜处理,不仅使中药成分和卤汁更加充分快速地渗入,促进食材入味锁汁,入味更加均匀,从而使卤料具有良好的养血补气功能;而且有利于复合增鲜料有效调和中药料味和食材的腥膻味,提高卤制食品的风味,充分与食材之间的鲜味物质的协同作用,达到良好的增鲜效果,提高卤制食品的鲜味和口感,得到的卤制食品肉质Q弹不柴,鲜美嫩滑,爽口不油腻,色美皮脆,该方法可适用于肉质食品,蛋、豆制品,鸡、鸭、猪脚,动物内脏等多种食材的卤制。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明技术内容,下面提供具体实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明。
本发明实施例所用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
本发明实施例所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1-一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:包括对肉质食品、动物内脏和蛋、豆质制品的卤制,卤料按照重量份数比,包括12份主料、3份中药料、2份复合增鲜料和4份调味辅料;卤料与水的重量比为6:40;制备步骤如下:
(1)预制卤水:将主料放入卤制锅中,所述卤料主料按照重量份数比包括:3份丁香,6份山奈,3份小茴香,10份大料,6份花椒,8份桂皮,5份陈皮,1份草果和1份五香粉;加入清水煮10min后,加入中药料煮60min,所述中药料,按照重量份数比包括:10份枸杞,6份当归,3份党参,1份黄芪,2份玉竹,2份大枣和5份山药,得到预制卤水,备用;
(2)食材预处理:
将肉质食品或动物内脏食材于沸水中焯5min后,将蛋、豆质制品食材于沸水中焯1min后,放入温度为80℃的中温油中1min后捞出;
(3)增鲜处理:
将食材按照重量份数比为1:4放入预制卤水中,并加入复合增鲜料,所述复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比包括:8份斑兰叶,1份紫苏叶,3份柠檬香茅和3份毛茸薄荷;在50℃下保温浸泡10min;
(4)卤制:加入调味辅料,按照重量份比,2份盐,8份糖,15份生抽,10份辣椒,1份味素,10份花生油,5份老姜,5份蒜头和8陈酒;加热卤制,保温1h,即可得到养血补气卤制食品。
其中,在加入调味辅料前,需对调味辅料中的糖炒糖色,将辅料配方的生抽、辣椒、花生油混合加热制成辣椒油,下同。
将卤料中的主料、中药料和复合增鲜料前处理:主料、中药料分别按照重量份数称取各个原料,烘干后碾碎过筛60~80目筛后混合而成;复合增鲜料按照重量份数称取各个原料,于沸水中焯60s后,冷却并于9℃下冻干,碾碎过筛60~80目筛而得,下同。
实施例2-一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:包括对肉质食品、动物内脏和蛋、豆质制品的卤制,卤料按照重量份数比,包括18份主料、8份中药料、4份复合增鲜料和10份调味辅料;卤料与水的重量比为6:50;制备步骤如下:
(1)预制卤水:将主料放入卤制锅中,所述卤料主料按照重量份数比包括:5份丁香,10份山奈,7份小茴香,15份大料,10份花椒,12份桂皮,10份陈皮,3份草果和3份五香粉;加入清水煮20min后,加入中药料煮80min,所述中药料,按照重量份数比包括:15份枸杞,10份当归,5份党参,3份黄芪,4份玉竹,4份大枣和8份山药,得到预制卤水,备用;
(2)食材预处理:
将肉质食品或动物内脏食材于沸水中焯8min后,将蛋、豆质制品食材于沸水中焯3min后,放入温度为95℃的中温油中5min后捞出;
(3)增鲜处理:
将食材按照重量份数比为1:6放入预制卤水中,并加入复合增鲜料,所述复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比包括:12份斑兰叶,3份紫苏叶,5份柠檬香茅和5份毛茸薄荷;在65℃下保温浸泡40min;
(4)卤制:加入调味辅料,5份盐,12份糖,25份生抽,20份辣椒,3份味素,15份花生油,7份老姜,10份蒜头和15陈酒;加热卤制,保温2h,即可得到养血补气卤制食品。
实施例3-一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:包括对肉质食品、动物内脏和蛋、豆质制品的卤制,卤料按照重量份数比,包括15份主料,5份中药料,3份复合增鲜料和7份调味辅料;卤料与水的重量比为6:45制备步骤如下:
(1)预制卤水:将主料放入卤制锅中,所述卤料主料按照重量份数比包括:4份丁香,8份山奈,5份小茴香,12份大料,8份花椒,10份桂皮,8份陈皮,2份草果和2份五香粉;加入清水煮15min后,加入中药料煮75min,所述中药料,按照重量份数比包括:13份枸杞,8份当归,4份党参,2份黄芪,3份玉竹,3份大枣和6份山药,得到预制卤水,备用;
(2)食材预处理:
将肉质食品或动物内脏食材于沸水中焯6min后,将蛋、豆质制品食材于沸水中焯2min后,放入温度为90℃的中温油中3min后捞出;
(3)增鲜处理:
将食材按照重量份数比为1:5放入预制卤水中,并加入复合增鲜料,所述复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比包括:10份斑兰叶,2份紫苏叶,4份柠檬香茅和4份毛茸薄荷;在60℃下保温浸泡35min;
(4)卤制:加入调味辅料,3份盐,10份糖,20份生抽,15份辣椒,2份味素,13份花生油,6份老姜,7份蒜头和12陈酒;加热卤制,保温2h,即可得到养血补气卤制食品。
对比例1-根据实施例3的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,区别在于,步骤(3)中,将食材放入预制卤水中,后在60℃下保温浸泡35min,未放入复合增鲜料。
对比例2-根据实施例3的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,区别在于,步骤(3)中,采用的复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比,包括10份斑兰叶和10份毛茸薄荷。
对比例3-根据实施例3的一种养血补气的卤制品的制备方8法,区别在于,步骤(3)中,将食材和复合增鲜料放入卤水中后,在常温下浸泡35min。
对比例4-根据实施例3的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,区别在于,步骤(2)中,将食材经沸水中焯水后,直接放入预制卤水中,未经中温油预处理。
使用上述实施例1~3和对比例1~4的养血补气的卤制品的制备方法,分别用于猪肘和牛肉的卤制,其中,猪肘卤制25min,牛肉卤制45min,并将得到的不同卤制品进行感官品质评定。
邀请10名具有3年以上训练经验的食品感官评定员,根据如下感官评定标准对不同卤制品进行评定打分,统计感官评分取平均值,结果如下:
1、感官评定标准
项目 | 标准 | 分值 |
色泽 | 呈深红褐色、光亮、色泽均匀 | 5 |
口感 | 软硬、咸淡适中,肉质鲜美嫩滑,不柴,皮脆 | 5 |
组织形态 | 组织紧密,有弹性 | 5 |
滋味 | 食材滋味纯正,无咸涩感,不油腻 | 5 |
香味 | 香气清新、浓郁 | 5 |
2、评定结果
(1)猪肘卤制食品的感官评分
实施例 | 色泽 | 口感 | 组织形态 | 滋味 | 香味 | 总分 |
实施例1 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 24.0 |
实施例2 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 24.3 |
实施例3 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 24.4 |
对比例1 | 4.7 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 20.3 |
对比例2 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 21.7 |
对比例3 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 23.6 |
对比例4 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 23.7 |
(2)牛肉卤制食品的感官评分
实施例 | 色泽 | 口感 | 组织形态 | 滋味 | 香味 | 总分 |
实施例1 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 24.0 |
实施例2 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 23.8 |
实施例3 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 24.3 |
对比例1 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 2.7 | 19.3 |
对比例2 | 4.7 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 3.3 | 21.0 |
对比例3 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 23.3 |
对比例4 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 23.5 |
根据上表可以看出,根据本发明的养血补气的卤制品的制备方法制得猪肘和牛肉的卤制品,均可形成独特的天然浓郁清香和别样的风味,并且肉质Q弹,鲜美嫩滑,爽口不油腻,色美皮脆,滋味纯正,其感官评分高。
而将实施例3与对比例1~3进行对比可知,对比例1~2中的卤制食品的感官评分明显降低,尤其是在用于牛肉卤制时,对其口感、滋味和香味的影响最为明显;对比例3中于常温下进行增鲜处理的效果不足,中药成分和卤汁的渗入速度降低,导致感官评分低于实施例3,表明了利用复合增料搭配预制卤水对食材进行保温提鲜处理,以及调控增鲜处理的温度和浸泡时间,有利于使中药成分和卤汁更加充分快速地渗入,促进食材入味锁汁,入味更加均匀,而且有效调和中药料味和食材的腥膻味,提高卤制食品的风味和具有良好的增鲜效果,提高卤制食品的鲜味和口感。由对比例4还可以看出,通过利用中温油对食材表面的预处理后再进行卤制,可有效促进卤汁中成分的渗入,增加食材表面的色泽和脆感,入味均匀,有利于提高卤制品的色泽和口感。此外,本发明根据上述的卤制品的制备方法卤制蛋制品和动物内脏的感官评分均可在23分以上。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:包括对肉质食品、动物内脏和蛋、豆质制品的卤制,卤料按照重量份数比,包括12~18份主料、3~8份中药料、2~4份复合增鲜料和4~10份调味辅料;制备步骤如下:
(1)预制卤水:将主料放入卤制锅中,所述卤料主料按照重量份数比包括:3~5份丁香,6~10份山奈,3~7份小茴香,10~15份大料,6~10份花椒,8~12份桂皮,5~10份陈皮,1~3份草果和1~3份五香粉;加入清水煮10~20min后,加入中药料煮60~80min,所述中药料,按照重量份数比包括:10~15份枸杞,6~10份当归,3~5份党参,1~3份黄芪,2~4份玉竹,2~4份大枣和5~8份山药,得到预制卤水,备用;
(2)食材预处理:
将肉质食品或动物内脏食材于沸水中焯5~8min后,将蛋、豆质制品食材于沸水中焯1~3min后,放入温度为80~95℃的中温油中1~5min后捞出;
(3)增鲜处理:
将食材按照重量份数比为1:(4~6)放入预制卤水中,并加入复合增鲜料,所述复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比包括:8~12份斑兰叶,1~3份紫苏叶,3~5份柠檬香茅和3~5份毛茸薄荷;在50~65℃下保温浸泡10~40min;
(4)卤制:加入调味辅料,加热卤制10~50min,保温1~2h,即可得到养血补气卤制食品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,将食材焯水后,放入温度为90℃的中温油中3min后捞出。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,将食材和复合增鲜料放入卤水中后,在60℃中保温浸泡35min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述复合增鲜料,按照重量份数比,包括10份斑兰叶,2份紫苏叶,4份柠檬香茅和4份毛茸薄荷。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述调味辅料,按照重量份比,2~5份盐,8~12份糖,15~25份生抽,10~15份辣椒,1~3份味素,10~15份花生油,5~7份老姜,5~10份蒜头和8~15陈酒。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,在加入调味辅料前,需对调味辅料中的糖炒糖色,将辅料配方的生抽、辣椒、花生油混合加热制成辣椒油。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述卤料的主料、中药料和复合增鲜料均过60~80目筛。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种养血补气且口感好的卤制品的制备方法,其特征在于:所述卤料与水的重量比为6:(40~50)。
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