CN111356469A - 包含虎杖根及桂心的用于抗血栓的组合物 - Google Patents
包含虎杖根及桂心的用于抗血栓的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111356469A CN111356469A CN201880069086.XA CN201880069086A CN111356469A CN 111356469 A CN111356469 A CN 111356469A CN 201880069086 A CN201880069086 A CN 201880069086A CN 111356469 A CN111356469 A CN 111356469A
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于抗血栓的组合物,所述用于抗血栓的组合物包含虎杖根和桂心作为有效成分,本发明的组合物,优选包含以1:2至2:1的重量比混合虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物。由于本发明的组合物在血小板聚集抑制效果、血栓形成抑制效果、血栓形成延迟效果等中确认的抗血栓效果非常优异,因此,可以用作基于中药材的效果良好的血栓预防及治疗剂、抗血栓保健食品等。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包含虎杖根和桂心作为有效成分的用于抗血栓的组合物。
背景技术
近年来,随着国民收入的提高和消费质量的提高,由于血管内障碍引起的死亡率迅速增加的趋势。尤其,由于动脉硬化、血栓症等血管性危险因子的增加而引起的心脑血管疾病的发病率在全世界范围内持续增加。
由于血液在体内始终保持凝固和溶解作用,因此在正常情况下,血流不会受出血或血栓等的影响。然而,如果血管壁受损,则这样的平衡状态被破坏(Lee HS.How safe isthe readministration of streptokinase,Drug Safety 13,76-80.1995)。
动脉硬化是一种由于遗传变异、过氧化物、高血压、糖尿病、血浆半胱氨酸浓度增加、微生物感染等而损害血管内皮细胞时发生的疾病。引起功能障碍的血管内皮细胞表达细胞粘附物质并增加细胞通透性,从而使免疫细胞、血小板、脂肪质等可穿透组织内。动脉硬化病变是由于穿透至组织内的免疫细胞而分泌炎症介质因子、生长因子等的一系列炎症反应而发生(Ross R.Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory disease.New Engl J Med.340(2):115-126,1999)。并且,当血管内膜受损时,血小板粘附在血管组织的受损部位,随后通过聚集衍生物(如胶原蛋白(collagen)、花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid)、ADP、血栓素A2(thromboxane A2.TXA2))活化血小板。之后,引起粘附(adhesion)·分泌(secretion)·聚集(aggregation)反应,活化血液凝固系统最终形成血栓(Yang SA.et al.,Effect ofmethanolic extract from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge on in vitro antithromboticand antioxidative activities.Korean J.Food Sci.Technol.39,83-87.2007)。
血栓症是在血管内积聚血栓,这种血管内血栓妨碍血液的流动引发细胞生长及细胞功能的障碍,是引发脑梗塞、心肌梗塞等各种形态的成人病的主要原因。当在静脉中产生血栓时,会导致血液循环障碍引起水肿或发炎,而在动脉中发生血栓时,会引起缺血或梗塞,导致动脉硬化、心肌梗塞、脑中风及肺栓塞等心血管类疾病。
迄今为止已知的血小板抑制剂有茶碱(theophylline)、吗多明(molsidomin)、维拉帕米(verapamil)、硝苯地平(nifedipine)、阿司匹林(aspirin)、咪唑(imidazole)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)等。众所周知这些药物通过促进cAMP和cGMP的产生来抑制Ca2+的动员或抑制血栓烷A2的产生。但是,这些药物由于出血性副作用、胃肠障碍、不育症、过敏反应等副作用,限制使用的现状。
因此,需要一种能有效抑制血栓形成的同时最小化对人体的副作用的优异的抗血栓剂。
众所周知参滴丸(Cardiotonic Pills)是具有抗血栓效果的代表性的中药材组合物。参滴丸作为冠状动脉硬化症的预防及治疗剂,具有血管扩张、镇静、镇痛作用,它由自古以来就使用的丹参、具有消炎作用的三七和具有中枢神经系统兴奋和抗菌作用的龙脑组成。
一方面,属于蓼科的多年生草本植物的虎杖根(Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.etZucc.=Reynoutria japonica Hou.)是指虎杖及同属根缘植物的根或根茎,还称为苦杖、酸杖、班杖、酸桶笋、班杖根、鸟不踏、酸杆、班根、雄黄莲、土地榆。虎杖根分布在韩国、日本、中国(包括台湾地区)等,在韩国生长在全国的山野溪谷。虎杖根的高度超过1m,根茎从地下延伸到侧面,木质、黄褐色,节子分明。茎长直,呈圆形空心。表面没有毛,有许多红色或紫色斑点。这些根、根茎和叶的部分自古以来就被用作药材。众所周知虎杖根的药理作用是缓解、利尿、痛经、阵咳镇定剂,还有抗菌作用及抗病毒作用。
属于樟科的常绿乔木的桂心(Cinnamomum cassia Blume)是肉桂或其他同属根缘植物的茎皮,去除周皮和表层皮的。长木板状或圆柱状,长度为10至20cm,厚度不均。外侧面和内侧面均为红棕色,易折断。被折断面为红棕色,富含油。具有独特的香气,味道辣又甜。众所周知,桂心的药理作用为如下;作为强心剂,促进血液循环、有益于心脏衰弱、兴奋、健胃整肠、温中补阳、温通经脉、阳痿、体温调节、改善虚弱体质、驱风。
在先技术文件
专利文件
专利文件1:大韩民国专利公开第10-2017-0086120号
专利文件2:大韩民国专利公开第10-2016-0058212号
非专利文件
非专利文件1:Yang YY et al.,Screening of antioxidative,anti-plateletaggregation and anti-thrombotic effects of Clove extracts.Korean J OrientalPhysiology&Pathology.25(3):471-481,2011
非专利文件2:Lee HS.How safe is the readministration of streptokinase,Drug Safety 13,76-80.1995
非专利文件3:Ross R.Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory disease.New Engl JMed.340(2):115-126,1999
非专利文件4:Yang SA.et al.,Effect of methanolic extract from Salviamiltiorrhiza Bunge on in vitro antithrombotic and antioxidativeactivities.Korean J.Food Sci.Technol.39,83-87.2007
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明的目的在于,提供一种使用生药材的虎杖根和桂心的血栓抑制能力优秀的用于抗血栓的组合物。
用于解决问题的手段
为达成所述目的,本发明提供一种用于抗血栓的组合物,其包含虎杖根和桂心作为有效成分。
优选地,所述组合物为以1:2至2:1的重量比混合虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物。更优选地,所述组合物为以1:1的重量比混合所述虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物。
优选地,所述组合物中,所述提取物如下获得:
以虎杖根和桂心混合物的重量为准添加150至250倍体积的提取溶剂,在50℃至70℃的温度下浸渍22至26小时后获得提取液,对所得提取液进行过滤、减压浓缩及干燥而得到。
优选地,所述组合物中,所述溶剂为70%乙醇。
优选地,本发明提供一种包含所述组合物作为有效成分的血栓的预防及治疗剂。
优选地,本发明提供一种包含所述组合物的抗血栓保健食品。
发明效果
根据本发明,包含虎杖根和桂心的用于抗血栓的组合物,通过血小板聚集抑制效果、血栓形成抑制效果、血栓形成延迟效果等确认的抗血栓效果与目前已被商用化的抗血栓中药材组合物的参滴丸相比非常优秀。由于本发明的用于抗血栓的组物具有预防和治疗由血栓引起的心血管类疾病,如动脉硬化、脑梗塞、心肌梗塞、脑中风、肺栓塞等,因此,可用作基于中药的效果良好的血栓预防及治疗剂、抗血栓健康食品等。
附图说明
图1示出确认本发明的虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物的提取成分的GC-MS分析结果。
图2是确认在胶原蛋白诱导的血小板聚集相中本发明的组合物的抑制效果的结果。
图3及图4是确认本发明的组合物在血栓诱发动物模型中延迟血栓形成效果的结果。
图5是确认血栓诱发动物模型中血管的组织学变化的结果。
具体实施方式
本发明的用于抗血栓的组合物包含虎杖根和桂心作为有效成分,优选包含以1:2至2:1的重量比混合虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物。尤其,优选包含以1:1的重量比混合虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物。
优选使用水或乙醇作为提取时的溶剂。尤其,优选使用70%乙醇作为提取溶剂。当使用70%乙醇作为提取溶剂时,与使用水作为提取溶剂时相比,提取更多成分(参见图1)。
另外,混合虎杖根和桂心提取的提取物含有分别从虎杖根和桂心中提取的提取物所具有的所有成分的同时,还提取其他附加成分(参见图1)。
虎杖根和桂心混合物的提取可以使用常规的提取方法,优选的提取方法的例为如下。
以虎杖根和桂心的混合物的重量为准,添加150至250倍(体积)的提取溶剂,在50至70℃的温度下浸渍22至26小时后,在室温下获得提取物。此过程可以重复2至3次。过滤提取物后,进行减压浓缩及干燥以获得虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物。
如在血小板聚集抑制效果、血栓形成抑制效果及血栓形成延迟效果等中确认,本发明的用于抗血栓的组合物具有非常优异的抗血栓效果。尤其,与分别使用虎杖根和桂心的情况相比,其效果明显优异,并且,血栓形成延迟效果与目前已被商用化的抗血栓中药材的参滴丸相比更优异2倍。因此,本发明的用于抗血栓的组合物可以用作基于中药的效果良好的血栓预防及治疗剂、抗血栓保健食品。
本发明的用于抗血栓的组合物以虎杖根和桂心的干燥提取物为准,当用于预防血栓时,优选以体重60kg的成年人为准,每天使用100至1000mg,并且,用于治疗血栓时,优选每天使用500至5000mg。
下面,通过实施例更详细说明本发明。这些实施例是本发明的例示,本发明的范围并不局限于此。
发明的实施方式
实施例1
制备虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物
在从(株)humanherb(http://www.humanherb.co.kr/)购买的100g的虎杖根和100g的桂心添加20l的70%乙醇,在60℃的温度下浸渍24小时后在室温下获得提取液。再次添加20l的70%乙醇,进一步反复提取过程2次收集提取液。
对所述过滤各提取液的过滤物利用减压旋转浓缩机(Vacuum rotaryevaporator;日本精工株式会社,VR-205c)蒸发溶剂后,减压浓缩并干燥获得41.8g(收率20.9%)的虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物。
实施例2
制备虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物
除了使用66.7g的虎杖根和133.3g的桂心之外,以与实施例1相同的方法获得虎杖根和桂心的1:2混合提取物。
实施例3
制备虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物
除了使用133.3g的虎杖根和66.7g的桂心之外,以与实施例1相同的方法获得虎杖根和桂心的2:1混合提取物。
实验例1
血小板聚集抑制能力实验
使用胶原蛋白诱导大鼠血小板的聚集,并且,如下比较在本发明的组合物中根据虎杖根和桂心的混合比率的血小板聚集抑制能力。
在实验中使用了由koatech提供的SD大鼠(Sprague-Dawley大鼠,雄性,220g)。
SD大鼠经过一周的适应期后,从腹主动脉中抽血。对5mL的采集的血液添加2mL的甲状腺缓冲液(thyroid buffer;137mM NaCl,12mM NaHCO3,5.5mM glucose,1M MgCl2,1MKCl及1M Na2HPO4,pH 7.4)后,以1000rpm的速度离心分离10分钟。
将去除血细胞的上清液(富血小板血浆,PRP,Platelet rich plasma)以800xg离心分离15分钟,然后用洗涤缓冲液(washing buffer;137mM NaCl,2.9mM KCl,1mM MgCl2,5mM glucose,12mM NaHCO3,0.34mM Na2HPO4,1mM EDTA,20mM HEPES及0.25%BSA,pH 7.4)清洗沉淀的血小板2次后,在悬浮缓冲液(suspension buffer;137mM NaCl,2.9mM KCl,1mMMgCl2,5mM glucose,12mM NaHCO3,0.34mM Na2HPO4,20mM HEPES及0.25%BSA,pH 7.4)中悬浮获得最终洗涤血小板。将获得的清洗血小板稀释至3×10 8platelet/mL,并用于分析。
血小板在37℃的温度下孵育3分钟后,添加1mM的氯化钙(CaCl2),并添加100μg/mL的实施例1的样品(虎杖根和桂心的1:1混合提取物)、实施例2的样品(虎杖根和桂心的1:2混合提取物)及实施例3的样品(虎杖根和桂心的2:1混合提取物),并孵育2分钟。
孵育后,添加2.5μg/mL的血小板聚集诱导物质即胶原蛋白,测量血小板的聚集程度5分钟。大鼠血小板聚集抑制能力通过利用聚集检测仪(Aggregometer;Chrono-Log Co.,Ltd.,Havertown,PA.USA)的浊度测量法来确认。将其结果示于图2。
从图2的结果可以看出,实施例1至3的样品均显示出63%以上的优异的血小板聚集抑制能力。尤其,虎杖根和桂心的1:1混合提取物的实施例1的样品(92.8±5.9%)与1:2混合提取物的实施例2的样品(63.3±3.1%)和2:1混合提取物的实施例3的样品(72.0±4.4%)相比表现出非常高的血小板聚集抑制能力。
实验例2
确认颈动脉血栓诱发动物模型中血流变化的影响
如下测量在用氯化铁(Ferric chloride,FeCl3)诱导的颈动脉血栓诱发动物模型中,虎杖根提取物、桂心提取物及虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物对血流变化的影响。
作为实验动物购买雄性SD大鼠(Sprague-Dawley大鼠,8周龄、230-250g,韩国koatech),经1周的驯化期间后用于实验。
1.单一提取物和混合提取物的比较
作为样品使用实施例1的虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物。作为比较样品使用虎杖根提取物和桂心提取物。除了虎杖根提取物和桂心提取物分别使用200g的虎杖根和桂心之外,以与实施例1相同的方法获得提取物。
对实验动物每1kg体重,将样品分别以50mg、100mg和200mg经口给药3天,对照组给药相同量的缓冲液(saline)。在测试期间,可以自由摄取固体饲料和水,饲育环境保持在23±0.5℃的温度、50±5%的相对湿度、每12小时自动保持明暗(light-dark)循环。
作为实验动物的麻醉剂使用了以2∶3的比例混合隆朋(Rompun)和舒泰(Zoletil)的麻醉剂。
对实验动物的颈动脉血栓诱发,在颈动脉将用30%氯化铁溶液润湿的滤纸(filter paper)(2×2mm)接触三分钟之后去除滤纸,用生理盐水擦拭后,利用安装有探针(Powerlab/8sp,ADInstruments Pty Ltd,Castle Hill,NSW,Australia)的血流检测仪(Laser Doppler Flownetry(LDF;BFL21,Transonic Instrument,USA))进行血流检测。
用氯化铁处理后,血栓形成以血流检测值接近零时为准,在正常组中检测40分钟。将其结果示于图3。
在正常组(C Basal)中40分钟的总观察时间内未产生血栓,并且在氯化铁处理组中确认到氯化铁处理17分钟后血流值达到0。
给药虎杖根提取物的组(PC)和给药桂心提取物的组(CC)在氯化铁处理后经过40分钟,其血流量值也相当于正常组的约40%,而给药虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物的组(Mix),保持相当于正常组的约70%的血流量值。
由此可知,混合虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物与虎杖根或桂心的单一提取物相比抗血栓效果显著优异。
2.混合提取物与市售药物的比较
为了比较虎杖根和桂心混合提取物与市售药物对血流变化的影响,进行了以下实验。
作为市售药物,使用了参滴丸(17.5mg的丹参、3.4mg的三七、0.2mg的龙脑)。
除了对实验动物每1kg体重经口给药200mg的虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物和参滴丸之外,以与上述相同的方式进行实验。将其结果示于图4。
从图4中可以看出,在给药虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物的组(Mix)和给药参滴丸的组均显示出明显的血栓延迟效果,尤其,给药虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物的组(Mix)与给药参滴丸的组相比显示出高2倍的血栓形成延迟效果。确认到虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物的血栓形成抑制效果与正常组相似。
实验例3
确认血栓诱发动物模型中血管的组织学变化
如下确认在血栓诱发动物模型中血管的组织学变化。
在所述实验例2中测量血栓产生后,摘除产生血栓的颈动脉部位3-4mm。
将摘除的颈动脉部位在10%中性多聚甲醛中固定24小时,通过常规的组织处理过程包埋在石蜡中,制成切片(厚度4μm)。用苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin)对所制成的切片染色后制备用于光学显微镜的组织标本。
用光学显微镜观察标本,将其结果示于图5中。
从图5中可以看出,氯化铁处理组(FeCl3)中整个血管充满了血栓。相反,给药虎杖根和桂心的混合提取物的给药组(FeCl3+Mix)与给药虎杖根提取物(FeCl3+PC)或桂心提取物(FeCl3+CC)的组相比,血栓形成得以减少。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于抗血栓的组合物,其特征在于,包含虎杖根和桂心作为有效成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于抗血栓的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物为以1:2至2:1的重量比混合所述虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于抗血栓的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物为以1:1的重量比混合所述虎杖根和桂心而提取的提取物。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于抗血栓的组合物,其特征在于,所述提取物如下获得:以虎杖根和桂心混合物的重量为准添加150至250倍体积的提取溶剂,在50℃至70℃的温度下浸渍22至26小时后获得提取液,对所得提取液进行过滤、减压浓缩及干燥而得到。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于抗血栓的组合物,其特征在于,所述溶剂为70%乙醇。
6.一种血栓预防及治疗剂,其特征在于,包含权利要求1至5中任一项所述的组合物作为有效成分。
7.一种用于抗血栓的保健食品,其特征在于,包含权利要求1至5中任一项所述的组合物。
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