CN111212761B - 用于电动车辆的前端面板 - Google Patents

用于电动车辆的前端面板 Download PDF

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CN111212761B
CN111212761B CN201880067072.4A CN201880067072A CN111212761B CN 111212761 B CN111212761 B CN 111212761B CN 201880067072 A CN201880067072 A CN 201880067072A CN 111212761 B CN111212761 B CN 111212761B
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G·J·锡莱肯斯
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SABIC Global Technologies BV
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于电动车辆(300)的前端面板组件(100)，所述组件包括：至少部分光学透明的层压片材(108)，其具有侧边缘，所述至少部分光学透明的层压片材(108)包含光学透明的热塑性基材和至少一个保护层；以及间隔结构(112)，所述间隔结构(112)包含基底(110)和从所述基底延伸的周边的直立壁(120)，其中所述直立壁在所述层压体的侧边缘的至少部分处或附近连接到所述层压体，使得在所述层压片材与所述间隔结构之间形成且封闭空间(122)，和其中所述层压体的至少一个保护层背对着所述间隔结构。

Description

用于电动车辆的前端面板
技术领域
本发明涉及用于电动车辆的前端面板，所述前端面板包含聚碳酸酯 片材层和间隔结构或载体结构。本发明还涉及用于电动车辆的前端面板 模块，所述前端面板模块包含多个这样的前端面板组件。此外，本发明 涉及包含这样的前端的车辆。
背景技术
将汽车工业从燃料驱动或混合汽车变换到电力驱动汽车具有对于引 擎设计，而且对于汽车、机动车辆的外部设计，尤其对于前饰板的许多 后果。
车辆，尤其汽车的前饰板包含形成屏障或筛网的格栅或栅栏，其主 要功能将允许冷却空气进入汽车的散热器。然而，在吸引汽车的购买者 方面，它也占据突出的位置。格栅通常是独特的风格元件，并且许多OEM 使用格栅作为它们的主要品牌标识符。
随着电动车辆的引入，允许冷空气进入散热器的主要功能已不再存 在。这打开了新的设计可能性，其中格栅可由闭合部件替换。
发明内容
根据本发明，提供用于电动车辆的前端面板组件，所述组件包括：
-至少部分光学透明的层压片材，其具有侧边缘，所述至少部分光 学透明的层压片材包含光学透明的热塑性基材和至少一个保护层；
-间隔结构，其包含基底和周边的直立壁，所述直立壁从所述基底延 伸，其中所述直立壁在所述层压体的侧边缘的至少部分处或附近连接到 所述层压体，使得在所述层压片材与所述间隔结构之间形成并且封闭空 间，和其中所述层压体的至少一个保护层背对着所述间隔结构。
组件形成闭合空间或箱，所述闭合空间或箱具有其中提供层压体的 一个至少部分光学透明的侧，和其中提供间隔结构或载体结构的多个光 学透明或不透明、或其组合的侧。层压片材和间隔结构的基底通过间隔 结构的周边的直立壁间隔开。间隔结构的直立壁在层压体片材的周边侧 边缘处或附近连接到层压片材，使得组件形成闭合单元。层压片材可在 其整个表面积上为光学透明的，但是部分不透明或甚至完全不透明的层 压片材也可为可能的。
根据一个实施方案，层压片材包含面对间隔结构的图案层，所述图 案层致使所述层压体的部分为不透明的，以用于图案形成。在组件的内 侧处，层压片材可包含当光反射在层压片材上或通过层压片材辐射时形 成图案的层。图案可通过致使层压片材的部分不透明或以相比于层压片 材的周围区域的不同光学透明度来形成。
光学透明的热塑性基材为至少对于人眼可见的光透明的，其中可见 光的透射率超过30％。透明热塑性基材可与不透明热塑性层组合，其中 不透明限定为具有至多30％的可见光透射率。透明热塑性层和不透明热 塑性层可包含类似材料或不同的材料。不透明层和光学透明层两者可为 有色的，其中光学透明基材仍然表现为清澈的。
根据一个实施方案，图案层可包含接合在面对间隔结构的表面处的 箔。所述箔可用光学透明基材包覆成型，或可为在稍后阶段提供至所述 基材的箔。替代地，图案层可通过基材上的图案印刷层诸如丝网印刷来 形成。优选地，图案层包含包覆成型热塑性层，所述包覆成型热塑性层 具有开放结构。包覆成型图案层可在也称为2K-IM的双注射注塑成型工 艺期间提供到光学透明基材上。在第一注塑成型步骤中，制作基材。在 后续第二注塑成型步骤中，将图案层成型到基材的第一表面上。然后将 保护层施加在与第一表面相对的基材的第二表面上。保护层可包含抗划 擦层和/或防UV层，或将致使基材适合于环境暴露的任何保护层。
根据又一实施方案，间隔结构的至少基底的内表面包含用于反射可 见光的镜，和面对间隔结构的层压片材的内表面包含半透明镜，使得在 前端面板组件中建立无限镜。间隔结构的整个内表面可提供有反射镜， 包括周边的直立壁的内表面。无限镜当与诸如LED灯模块的灯模块组合 使用时具有其最优效应。
根据一个实施方案，组件进一步包括灯模块，所述灯模块封闭在层 压片材与间隔结构之间形成的空间内。灯模块可被提供作为层压片材与 间隔结构之间的空间内的照明图案或照明雕塑。在那种情况下，照明模 块可替换层压片材的内侧处的图案层。替代地，可将照明模块放置在图 案层后面以在打开照明模块时增强并照明图案。
根据另一个实施方案，层压片材包含周边的不透明带材，所述不透 明带材从层压片材的侧边缘延伸。不透明带材或条带可用来将层压片材 与间隔结构之间的任何连接区域隐藏不让看到，以增强前面板组件的美 学外观。优选地，不透明带材为图案层的部分，并且可被用作图案层的 开放结构部分的起始点。
间隔结构优选地包含热塑性材料，例如聚烯烃诸如PE或PP；聚对 苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)；丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)；丙烯酸系-苯乙 烯-丙烯腈(ASA)；聚碳酸酯；聚碳酸酯/PET共混物；聚碳酸酯/ABS混 合物；聚碳酸酯/ASA共混物；共聚碳酸酯-聚酯；丙烯腈-(乙烯-聚丙烯 二胺改性)-苯乙烯(AES)；亚苯基醚树脂(PPO)；PPO/PS共混物；聚苯醚 /聚酰胺共混物；聚酰胺；苯硫醚树脂；聚氯乙烯(PVC)；高抗冲聚苯乙 烯(HIPS)；低/高密度聚乙烯(L/HDPE)；聚丙烯(PP)；膨胀聚丙烯(EPP)； 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯；和热塑性烯烃(TPO)。聚合物或热塑性材料可为线型 聚合物或分支聚合物或其组合。塑料可任选地例如用纤维、颗粒、薄片， 以及包含前述各项中的至少一个的组合，诸如尤其例如长玻璃纤维、短 玻璃纤维、玻璃珠、滑石、云母、无机填料、天然纤维、导电填料和/或 碳纤维来强化。例如，热塑性第二部件可由
Figure BDA0002451106190000031
材料形成，所述 材料为可商购自SABIC的长玻璃纤维强化聚丙烯。
层压片材的光学透明的热塑性材料优选地包含聚碳酸酯或聚甲基丙 烯酸酯，或任何其他光学透明的热塑性材料。层压片材可为平的面板， 或可具有轻微曲率，即具有凸形形状，例如以具有平滑过渡和/或以与车 辆的前饰板的另外的部件齐平。
根据一个实施方案，间隔结构的基底具有面对层压片材的内表面。 该内表面可为平滑的、有纹理的和/或波纹状的。另外或替代地，该内表 面可被表面处理。间隔结构的内表面用来在前端面板组件中建立深度或 3D效应。
当希望将电子部件整合到组件中时，具有包含用于与组件整合的电 子部件的接收部分的组件可为有利的。优选地，接收部分延伸至层压片 材并且至少部分地由间隔结构封闭。接收部分可接收任何类型的电子部 件，包括用于预期自驱动汽车的LiDAR模块。前端面板组件将高度适合 于整合此类部件。
本发明还涉及用于电动车辆的前端面板模块，所述前端面板模块包 含如以上所描述的多个前端面板组件。作为实例，前端面板模块可包含 三个前端面板组件，其中两个是彼此的镜像图像并且第三个放置在中间 以形成对称前端面板模块。两个镜像组件可为具有图案或灯模块而部分 光学透明的，而第三和中间组件可包含不透明层压片材，使得中间组件 可充当用于电子部件的整合箱，同时将电子部件隐藏不被看见。
本发明进一步涉及电动车辆，所述电动车辆包含如以上所描述的前 端面板组件或前端面板模块。前端面板组件或前端面板模块可形成车辆 的前饰板的一部分，或可形成车辆的整个前饰板。根据一个实施方案， 组件或模块的两侧是一对前灯，由此为车辆成形对称的前部。
附图说明
将在参考许多示例性实施方案的以下附图时进一步了解本发明的特 征和优点，在附图中：
图1a在透视图中展示根据本发明的第一实施方案的前端面板组件；
图1b展示沿着图1a的前端面板组件的A-A的横截面；
图2展示根据本发明的第二实施方案的前端面板组件的横截面；
图3展示根据本发明的第三实施方案的包含前端面板组件的前端面 板模块的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1a在透视图中展示根据本发明的第一实施方案的前端面板组件 100。前端面板组件100被提供作为车辆300的前饰板304的部件。前端 面板组件100包含在其前面的层压片材108(参见图1b)，所述层压体在 不透明周边带材102处和在图案106的不透明线条104处为部分不透明 的。前端面板组件位于其两侧处的一对前灯302之间。在其顶端处，定 位车辆的引擎罩308；在其底端处，提供车辆的保险杠组件306，也参见 图3。紧挨着不透明周边带材和不透明图案线条，图案106包含开放结构 化部分，其中光学透明层压片材108(参见图1b)为可见的。在层压片材 后面，展示间隔结构112(参见图1b)的波纹状基底110。
图1b展示沿着图1a的前端面板组件的A-A的横截面。前端面板组 件100展示为具有层压片材108，所述层压片材位于车辆前饰板的前端 处，也参见图1a，在前灯组件302之间。层压片材108的外表面包含一 个或更多个保护层以保护层压体，具体而言其热塑性基材，以免受环境 因素，诸如磨损和紫外线辐射。层压片材108包含光学透明基材，优选 地聚碳酸酯树脂的光学透明基材。另外，层压片材108具有由不透明线 条104组成的图案层106。不透明带材102可为图案层106的部分。在不 透明线条104与带材102之间，光学透明层压片材被暴露。从层压片材 108观察，间隔结构112提供在层压片材108后面。间隔结构112包含基 底110和周边的直立壁120，所述直立壁120从基底110延伸并且与层压 片材108在其侧边缘处或附近，例如在周边的不透明带材102的位置处 连接。周边的直立壁120将基底110与层压片材108隔开。层压片材108 和间隔结构112一起封闭空间122。图1b中的基底110以锯齿形波成波 纹状。也可使用任何其他波纹状波。波纹状基底将3D效应添加至前端面 板组件，具体而言添加至提供在层压片材上的图案。基底110的内表面 114可提供有箔、镜、丝网印刷或任何其他表面增强层以最佳化3D效应。
前端面板组件进一步包括接收部分116以接收电子组件118，诸如传 感器或LiDAR组件，或灯模块。接收部分116穿过基底119延伸到层压 片材108，且由间隔结构112的周边壁120封闭。
图2展示根据本发明的第二实施方案的前端面板组件100的横截面。 这个第二实施方案展示层压片材108，具有图案106，所述图案106是具 有预制造图案的箔107，所述预制造图案由光学透明和不透明区域104、 105制成，包括层压片材108的侧边缘处的周边的不透明带材102。间隔 结构112包含基底110和周边的直立壁120，所述直立壁从基底110，在图2中通过平滑弯曲过渡区域113朝向层压片材108的侧边缘延伸，或 在接收部分116处大致上垂直延伸。
间隔结构的内表面114可被激光标记以由于化学/分子改变、炭化、 起泡、熔化、烧蚀和更多而包括色变。这个激光标记添加图案的3D效应 和层压片材与间隔结构的基底之间的间隔。在基底与层压片材之间，前 端面板组件可进一步包括用于使前端面板组件的图案和3D效应突出的 灯模块124。灯模块124也可用于设计目的，诸如品牌标识，或用于向车辆驾驶员的欢迎信号。
图3展示根据本发明的第三实施方案的包含前端面板组件100、101、 103的前端面板模块130的透视图。
三个前端面板组件100、101、103一起形成前端面板模块130。除了 用于电子部件118的一个或更多个接收部分116外，中间前端面板组件 101具有大部分地不透明的层压片材。提供在中间前端面板组件101的每 一侧的两个侧前端面板组件103包含大部分地光学透明的层压片材108 和放置在层压片材后面的间隔结构或载体结构112。在由层压结构108和间隔结构112封闭的空间内，放置灯模块124。这个灯模块124是以当 灯模块关闭时可见并且当灯模块打开时突出的一定图案设计。
项目列表
100.前端面板组件
101.中间前端面板组件
102.周边的不透明带材
103.侧前端面板组件
104.不透明图案线条
105.透明图案部分
106.图案层
107.箔
108.层压片材
110.基底
112.间隔结构
113.过渡区域
114.基底的内表面
116.接收部分
118.电子部件
120.周边的直立壁
122.空间
124.灯模块
130.前端面板模块
300.车辆
302.前灯
304.前饰板
306.保险杠组件
308.引擎罩

Claims (15)

1.用于电动车辆的闭合格栅面板组件，所述组件包括：
至少部分光学透明的层压片材，其具有侧边缘，所述至少部分光学透明的层压片材包含光学透明的热塑性基材和至少一个保护层，其中所述至少部分光学透明的层压片材经成型以与前饰板的部件齐平；
间隔结构，其包含基底和周边的直立壁，所述直立壁从所述基底延伸，其中所述直立壁在所述层压片材的侧边缘的至少部分处或附近连接到所述层压片材，使得在所述层压片材与所述间隔结构之间形成并且封闭空间，和其中所述层压片材的至少一个保护层背对着所述间隔结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述层压片材包含面对所述间隔结构的图案层，所述图案层致使所述层压片材的部分为不透明的，以用于图案形成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组件，其中所述图案层包含接合在面对所述间隔结构的表面处的箔。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的组件，其中所述图案层包含具有开放结构的包覆成型热塑性层。
5.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的组件，其进一步包括灯模块，所述灯模块封闭在所述层压片材与所述间隔结构之间形成的所述空间内。
6.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的组件，其中所述间隔结构包含热塑性材料。
7.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的组件，其中所述间隔结构的基底具有面对所述层压片材的内表面，和其中所述内表面为平滑的、有纹理的和/或波纹状的。
8.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的组件，其中所述间隔结构的至少基底的内表面包含用于反射可见光的镜，和面对所述间隔结构的所述层压片材的内表面包含半透明镜，使得在所述闭合格栅面板组件中建立无限镜。
9.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的组件，其包括用于与所述组件整合的电子部件的接收部分。
10.根据权利要求9所述的组件，其中所述接收部分延伸至所述层压片材并且至少部分地由所述间隔结构封闭。
11.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的组件，其中所述层压片材包含周边的不透明带材，所述不透明带材从所述层压片材的侧边缘延伸。
12.用于电动车辆的闭合格栅面板模块，所述闭合格栅面板模块包括多个根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的闭合格栅面板组件。
13.电动车辆，其包括根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的闭合格栅面板组件或根据权利要求12所述的闭合格栅面板模块。
14.根据权利要求13所述的车辆，其中所述闭合格栅面板组件或闭合格栅面板模块形成所述车辆的前饰板的部分。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的车辆，其中所述组件或所述模块的两侧是一对前灯。
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US20230097463A1 (en) 2023-03-30
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