CN111201955A

CN111201955A - Cultivation method of coltsfoot flower

Info

Publication number: CN111201955A
Application number: CN201811391783.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴伟
Original assignee: Nanchong Yuzhidao Agricultural Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanchong Yuzhidao Agricultural Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-21
Filing date: 2018-11-21
Publication date: 2020-05-29

Abstract

A coltsfoot flower cultivation method comprises the following steps: 1. land selection and preparation: 2. collecting and storing seed roots: 3. planting: 4. cultivation management, a, weeding and earthing up: b. topdressing: c. cutting old leaves: d. and (3) pest control: 5. harvesting and processing, wherein the coltsfoot is cultivated in the pot for 1 year, buds can grow out from underground rhizomes, and buds which do not come out of soil appear purple at the beginning of winter are harvested. The coltsfoot flower cultivated by the method is uniform and uniform, the yield is high, and the yield of dry coltsfoot flower per mu can reach 35 kg.

Description

Cultivation method of coltsfoot flower

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plant cultivation method, in particular to a coltsfoot flower cultivation method.

Background

Common Chinese medicinal materials are common flos farfarae. Most of them grow in mountain areas with elevation of about 1000 m, and there are also mountain sunny slopes of about 2000 m and mountain cloudy slopes of about 800 m. The wild environment is mostly valley, river and stream and ditch side sand or forest edge. The soil is mostly subacid sandy loam or red soil with loose soil quality and rich humus. Has the characteristics of cold resistance, heat intolerance and drought avoidance. Tussilago farfara has a long history of application. It is a commonly used herb for moistening lung, directing qi downward, relieving cough and resolving phlegm. The product is flower bud of Tussilago, forfa L. In recent years, wild flos farfarae is less and less, and the wild flos farfarae grows dispersedly and is difficult to collect, so that the market demand is difficult to meet. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-yield artificial cultivation method for flos farfarae.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tussilago farfara cultivation method, which is realized by the following technical scheme and is carried out according to the following steps:

1. land selection and preparation: selecting red daub zones suitable for the two sides of a southeast slope ditch for growth of coltsfoot flowers and wetting downwards, applying 1000-1500 kg of stable manure to 667 square meters before spring equinox, uniformly scattering the stable manure into the ground, deeply ploughing once, and sowing seeds later;

2. collecting and storing seed roots: the common coltsfoot flower is propagated by the germination of the root, and the seed collection method comprises two methods: one is that when picking up winter flower, sprout is collected and stored in cellar or dig about 100 cm deep pit underground, put rootstalk and soil into pit after mixing evenly, mix with soil on the top, the soil thickness is about 50cm, dig out again when sowing;

3. planting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) seeding in spring to clear, before planting, taking out rhizome sprouts, cutting 17-20 cm long sections, planting 20-25 kg of roots in each 667 square meters, drilling, ploughing to a depth of about 10 cm, placing the cut sprouts into a ditch with a plant spacing of 27-34 cm and a row spacing of 23-27 cm, and then raking to obtain the seedling-raising;

4. the cultivation management is carried out on the seeds,

a. weeding and ridging: after the tussilago farfara is unearthed, weeding is carried out for 2-3 times in the growth process, and finally, when weeding is carried out for 1 time, small soil piles can be built at the roots of the tussilago fara so as to prevent buds from growing out of the soil and the color and luster from turning green;

b. topdressing: topdressing is carried out by combining intertillage weeding, wherein topdressing is carried out firstly and then intertillage is carried out, 1000-1200 kg of livestock manure, stable manure, compost or plant ash is applied to 667 square meters each time, no fertilizer is applied in the early stage of growth, 1-2 times of fertilizer is applied before autumn inoculation, 10-15 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 7-8 kg of phosphate fertilizer are applied to 667 square meters each time

c. Cutting old leaves: in high-temperature seasons, cutting off over-dense leaves, cutting off withered leaves and rotten leaves from the basal part of a leaf stalk by using scissors without tearing off by hands so as to avoid damaging the basal part, and cleaning the stretched and overlapped leaves so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission, promote the growth of buds and improve the yield;

d. and (3) pest control: brown spot: the control method comprises the following steps: and (4) paying attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention, and before or at the early stage of onset of disease, using a 1: 1: spraying 200 boldo liquid or 800 times of ambam liquid for 7-10 days for 1 time and continuously for 4-5 times; atrophic leaf blight: the control method comprises the following steps: the sick dead leaves are cut off, and the other methods are the same as the brown spot. The aphid control method comprises the following steps: clearing away overwintering hosts such as Compositae plants around the field to kill overwintering eggs, clearing the garden in winter, burying or burning the residual plants deeply, spraying 1500-2000 times of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable solution every 7-10 days for 1 time in the emergence period, and continuously spraying 2-3 times;

5. harvesting and processing, wherein the coltsfoot is cultivated in the pot for 1 year, buds can grow out from underground rhizomes, and buds which do not come out of soil appear purple at the beginning of winter are harvested. When the flower bud picking basket is used for picking, the shovel is used for planing out the whole coltsfoot flower seedlings, the flower buds are picked up and placed in the basket, the roots are buried, and the flowers are harvested in the next year. The flower bud is not washed by water and turns black when meeting the water color, and can be put into the basket and brought back together (the flower bud is easy to go out water when being put into the cloth bag and turns black when going out water because the flower bud is put into the cloth bag and the back of the cloth bag is not needed). After the coltsfoot flower is transported back, selecting a place where the shade and the ventilation ground skin are dry (preferably brick ground), scattering the coltsfoot flower into the ground in a thin way, after 3-4 days, when the outer skin of the flower is dried to a layer, gently rubbing the coltsfoot flower with a wood board, automatically removing soil, and screening the soil with a screen, namely, exposing the coltsfoot flower in the sun. During the sun drying process, the bamboo shoots can be turned over without holding the hands, and placed indoors to be thin at night to prevent dampness, frost and rain, otherwise, the bamboo shoots are easy to discolor, mildew and rot, and then sun drying is carried out on the 2 nd day until the bamboo shoots are dried.

The coltsfoot flower cultivated by the method is uniform and uniform, the yield is high, and the yield of dry coltsfoot flower per mu can reach 35 kg.

Detailed Description

Embodiment 1, a method for cultivating coltsfoot flower, comprising the following steps:

4. the cultivation management is carried out on the seeds,

b. topdressing: topdressing is carried out by combining intertillage weeding, wherein the topdressing is carried out firstly and then the intertillage is carried out, 1000-1200 kg of livestock manure, stable manure, compost or plant ash is applied to 667 square meters each time, no fertilizer is applied in the early stage of growth, the fertilizer is applied for 1-2 times before the autumn inoculation, 10-15 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 7-8 kg of phosphate fertilizer are applied to 667 square meters;

Claims

1. A coltsfoot flower cultivation method comprises the following steps:

4. the cultivation management is carried out on the seeds,

d. and (3) pest control: brown spot: the control method comprises the following steps: and (4) paying attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention, and before or at the early stage of onset of disease, using a 1: 1: spraying 200 boldo liquid or 800 times of ambam liquid for 7-10 days for 1 time and continuously for 4-5 times; atrophic leaf blight: the control method comprises the following steps: the method for cutting off the diseased dead leaves and controlling the aphids is the same as the method for controlling the brown spot by other methods: clearing away overwintering hosts such as Compositae plants around the field to kill overwintering eggs, clearing the garden in winter, burying or burning the residual plants deeply, spraying 1500-2000 times of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable solution every 7-10 days for 1 time in the emergence period, and continuously spraying 2-3 times;

5. harvesting and processing, wherein the coltsfoot is cultivated in the sun for 1 year, buds can grow out from underground rhizome, buds which do not grow out of soil appear purple at the beginning of winter are harvested, a spade is used for planing out the whole coltsfoot flower seedlings, the buds are picked up and put into a basket conveniently, roots are still buried, the buds are harvested again in the next year, soil is arranged on the buds, the buds are washed without water, the buds become black when meeting water color, the buds can be put into the basket and taken back together (the buds can not be put into a cloth bag to back when being cut, the buds can easily discharge water when being put into the cloth bag, and the buds can become black when the water is discharged, after the coltsfoot flower is transported back, a place where the skin is dry in a cool and ventilated place (preferably on a brick ground), the coltsfoot flower is scattered to be thin underground, after 3-4 days, when the flower is dried, the skin is rubbed with a wood board, the soil falls off by itself, the soil is sieved, and then the soil can be dried in the sun, and then raked with a hand, spreading indoors at night to prevent dampness, frost and rain, otherwise easily discoloring, mildewing and rotting, and sun-drying on day 2 until sun-drying.