CN111116879A - 不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN111116879A
CN111116879A CN201911250952.8A CN201911250952A CN111116879A CN 111116879 A CN111116879 A CN 111116879A CN 201911250952 A CN201911250952 A CN 201911250952A CN 111116879 A CN111116879 A CN 111116879A
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unsaturated polyester
polyester resin
parts
acid
paste composition
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CN111116879B (zh
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郭永军
陈健雄
张新权
周照毅
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Guangdong Ying Hua New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Guangdong Ying Hua New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Priority to CN201911250952.8A priority Critical patent/CN111116879B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/088418 priority patent/WO2021114553A1/zh
Priority to KR1020227018458A priority patent/KR20220098162A/ko
Priority to US17/626,767 priority patent/US20220289967A1/en
Publication of CN111116879A publication Critical patent/CN111116879A/zh
Priority to TW109119873A priority patent/TWI747326B/zh
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法和应用。所述不饱和聚酯树脂由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:预聚物50‑90份;苯乙烯10‑30份;甲基丙烯酸甲酯5‑15份;异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯5‑15份;所述预聚物由摩尔比为(2.2‑4.5):(1‑1.5):(1‑1.5)的多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸组合而成;所述预聚物中,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为(1.0‑1.5):1。所述不饱和聚酯树脂既具有良好的耐黄变性,也具有较好的耐热性,热变形温度普遍高于130℃。

Description

不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子聚合物领域,特别是涉及一种不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
不饱和聚酯树脂是含有酯键的线型高分子化合物,一般含有大量苯环,长期经受紫外线照射会使其中的芳香结构转变为深色的醌式结构,导致产品出现黄变及粉化现象,影响外观及寿命。
现有中国专利申请CN106751633A提供了一种抗老化性优异的不饱和聚酯树脂,其添加有机蒙脱石、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化锌作为填料,同时添加改性紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂,显著提高了不饱和聚酯树脂的防老性能,但该技术使用的紫外吸收剂和抗氧剂与聚合物相容性差,具有易挥发、易迁移、不耐溶剂抽提等缺点,长期受到紫外线照射会导致大量自由基与羟基上的氢原子结合,使其失去吸收紫外线或抗氧化的效用。
现有中国专利CN105482087A提供了一种使用脂肪族不饱和酸进行缩聚的不饱和聚酯树脂,避免了醌式转变导致的黄变问题,但该技术制备的树脂热变形温度只有110℃。
现有中国专利CN105906792A提供了一种使用脂环族多元醇和无芳香结构的不饱和酸进行缩聚的不饱和聚酯树脂,具有良好耐黄变性的同时提高了耐热性,但该技术制备的树脂热变形温度仍低于130℃。
发明内容
基于此,本发明提供一种不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法和应用。所述不饱和聚酯树脂既具有良好的耐黄变性,也具有较好的耐热性,热变形温度普遍高于130℃。
具体技术方案为:
一种不饱和聚酯树脂,由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure BDA0002309022350000021
所述预聚物由摩尔比为(2.2-4.5):(1-1.5):(1-1.5)的多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸制备而成;
所述预聚物中,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为(1.0-1.5):1。
本发明还提供一种不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法。
具体技术方案为:
一种不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在20-30℃下,混合所述多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸,升温至160-230℃,反应至酸值小于50mg KOH/g,降温至65-80℃后,加入所述苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯,保温,反应至酸值小于10mg KOH/g。
本发明还提供一种树脂糊组合物。
具体技术方案为:
一种树脂糊组合物,由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure BDA0002309022350000022
Figure BDA0002309022350000031
本发明还提供一种预浸料。
具体技术方案为:
一种预浸料,所述预浸料的原料包括上述不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述制备方法制得的不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述树脂糊组合物。
本发明还提供一种层压板。
具体技术方案为:
一种层压板,所述层压板的原料包括上述不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述制备方法制得的不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述树脂糊组合物,或上述的预浸料。
与现有方案相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
不饱和聚酯树脂合成的常用方法是:饱和或不饱和的多元醇、多元酸通过缩聚反应生成线性高分子聚合物,再加入乙烯类单体,产生交联,生成不饱和聚酯树脂。本发明所述的不饱和聚酯树脂在此基础上,做出了进一步的改进,具体为:加入了由摩尔比为(2.2-4.5):(1-1.5):(1-1.5)的多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸组成的、羟基和羧基的摩尔比为(1.0-1.5):1的预聚物,预聚物中的,适量地加入不饱和多元酸,利用不饱和多元酸引入一定比例的双键,增强后续交联反应活性,提高热变形温度,还能一定程度上减少含苯多元酸的加入量,减少黄变问题。其中,在不饱和聚酯树脂中加入少量的含有三嗪结构的异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯,异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯除了自身具有优异的耐热耐紫外的特征外,更重要的是,它可参与到不饱和聚酯树脂的交联过程中,固化时其环氧基团可与聚酯中的羧基键合,同时环氧基团可互相开环进行键合,使得固化后所述不饱和聚酯树脂的交联密度高。同时,控制含苯多元酸的比例可提高与异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯的固化反应活性,并且方便调整预聚物的交联反应速率,使施工条件具有更宽的范围,最终制备的不饱和聚酯树脂既具有良好的耐黄变性,也具有较好的耐热性,热变形温度普遍高于130℃。
此外,向上述不饱和聚酯树脂中,加入脂环族环氧树脂、引发剂、固化剂等,进一步交联固化,得到树脂糊组合物,可用于层压板的制作。其中,所述脂环族环氧树脂具有良好的刚性和对称性,同时不含芳香结构,避免了醌式转变问题,与所述不饱和聚酯树脂上的异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯进行交联后,可进一步提高所述树脂组合物的耐热性和耐黄变性。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地,提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明公开内容理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
一种不饱和聚酯树脂,由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure BDA0002309022350000041
Figure BDA0002309022350000051
所述预聚物由摩尔比为(2.2-4.5):(1-1.5):(1-1.5)的多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸组合而成;
所述预聚物中,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为(1.0-1.5):1。
优选地,所述不饱和聚酯树脂由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure BDA0002309022350000052
优选地,所述预聚物由摩尔比为(2.2-3):(1-1.5):1的多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸制备而成。
其中,多元醇优选为新戊二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、三甲基戊二醇和乙基丁基丙二醇中的一种或几种。
含苯多元酸优选为对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸和偏苯三酸酐中的一种或几种。
不饱和多元酸优选为顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸酐和反丁烯二酸中的一种或几种。
应当理解地,为了延长上述不饱和聚酯树脂的储存时间,便于进行施工,所述不饱和聚酯树脂的组成还可以包括阻聚剂。所述阻聚剂可以是对苯醌、对叔丁基邻苯二酚、对苯二酚中的一种或多种。但是,阻聚剂的加入,会直接或间接地引入醌式结构,会对所述不饱和聚酯树脂的耐黄变性产生不利影响。
本发明还提供一种上述不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法。
具体包括以下步骤:
在20-30℃下,混合所述多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸,升温至160-230℃,反应至酸值小于50mg KOH/g,降温至65-80℃后,加入所述苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯,保温,反应至酸值小于10mg KOH/g。
应当理解地,混合所述多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸可以在氮气氛围下进行,并在氮气氛围下升温至160-230℃,反应至酸值小于50mg KOH/g。
进一步地,保温时,还可对体系进行抽真空处理,反应至酸值小于10mg KOH/g。
可选地,上述不饱和聚酯树脂单独使用时,将上述制备方法制得的混合物加热至190-210℃,反应10min-30min,固化,即可使用。
本发明还提供一种树脂糊组合物。
所述树脂糊组合物由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure BDA0002309022350000061
优选地,脂环族环氧树脂选自含有一个或多个取代环己烷结构的二缩水甘油醚、二缩水甘油胺、二缩水甘油酯、三缩水甘油醚、三缩水甘油胺和三缩水甘油酯中的一种或几种。可举例如:日本大赛璐CEL-2102P、南通新纳希新材料Syna Epoxy S-28、陶氏化学ERL-4221D等。
可以理解地,所述脂环族环氧树脂结构中不含有苯环。
优选地,引发剂选自酰类过氧化物、氢过氧化物、二烷基过氧化物、酯类过氧化物、酮类过氧化物和二碳酸酯过氧化物的一种或几种。
优选地,固化剂选自氰酸酯固化剂、脂肪多元胺型固化剂、芳香胺类固化剂、聚酰胺类固化剂、路易斯酸-胺络合物类固化剂、酸酐类固化剂和苯并噁嗪固化剂中的一种或几种。
优选地,促进剂选自2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、2-苯基-4-甲基咪唑、1-甲基咪唑、1-氟乙基-2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑和2-十一烷基咪唑中的一种或几种。
优选地,填料由二氧化钛、二氧化铈、硫酸钡和纳米硅微粉组成。
应当理解地,无机填料的粒径分布在10nm~1000nm范围内。
本发明还提供一种预浸料,其原料包括上述不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述制备方法制得的不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述树脂糊组合物。
可以理解地,所述预浸料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
采用浸渍或涂布的方法,将上述不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述制备方法制得的不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述树脂糊组合物覆盖在增强材料表面,固化,得预浸料。
优选地,所述固化的工艺参数为:加热至150-200℃恒温2min-5min。
应当理解地,增强材料选自纸、玻璃布、玻璃无纺布、芳纶纸、芳纶布、玻璃毡和玻璃粗纱布中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供一种层压板,其原料包括上述不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述制备方法制得的不饱和聚酯树脂,或上述树脂糊组合物,或上述的预浸料。
可以理解地,所述层压板的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将若干个所述预浸料层压。
优选地,所述层压的工艺参数为:在温度180-200℃、压力10kgf/cm2-30kgf/cm2、真空度<2kPa条件下,热压成形100min-150min。
所述“若干个所述预浸料”指至少一个所述预浸料。
需要特别说明的是,还可以在层压时,在若干个所述预浸料,即层叠体的单侧或双侧覆金属铜箔,然后层压,得到覆金属铜箔层压板。。
优选地,所述金属箔的厚度为18μm。
以下结合具体实施例做进一步说明,以下具体实施方式中,若无特殊说明,所有原料均可来源于市售,若无特殊说明所有原料均按质量份计。
实施例1
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇26.4份、间苯二甲酸16.9份、顺丁烯二酸6.7份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯5份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.7:1.5:1,此时,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为1.08:1。
在氮气气氛、25℃的温度下加入1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸,继续在氮气气氛下升温至200℃的,反应至酸值为小于50mg KOH/g,降温至70℃后,加入苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯,保温并抽真空,反应至酸值为小于10mgKOH/g,冷却至室温,得到不饱和聚酯树脂A。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂A 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份和无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物A。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物A中,加热至180℃恒温3min后,得预浸料。
将8张上述预浸料重叠,在温度190℃、压力20kgf/cm2、真空度<2kPa条件下热压成形120min,得层压板。
实施例2
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇27.7份、间苯二甲酸11.8份、顺丁烯二酸10.5份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯5份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.7:1:1.5,此时,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为1.08:1。
本实施例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1相同,制得不饱和聚酯树脂B。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂B 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份和无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物B。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物B中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板B。
实施例3
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇31.0份、间苯二甲酸11.9份、顺丁烯二酸7.0份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯5份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=4.5:1.5:1.5,此时,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为1.5:1。
本实施例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1相同,制得不饱和聚酯树脂C。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂C 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份和无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物C。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物C中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板C。
实施例4
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇27.3份、间苯二甲酸14.3份、顺丁烯二酸8.4份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯5份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.2:1:1,此时,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为1.1:1。
本实施例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1相同,制得不饱和聚酯树脂D。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂D 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份和无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物D。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物D中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板D。
实施例5
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇27.3份、间苯二甲酸14.3份、顺丁烯二酸8.4份、苯乙烯30份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯10份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯10份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.2:1:1。
本实施例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1相同,制得不饱和聚酯树脂E。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂E 30份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)10份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.5份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)2份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.1份和无机填料5份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物E。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物E中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板E。
实施例6
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇27.3份、间苯二甲酸14.3份、顺丁烯二酸8.4份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯15份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯5份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.2:1:1。
本实施例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1相同,制得不饱和聚酯树脂F。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂F10份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)20份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份和无机填料70份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物F。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物F中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板F。
实施例7
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇27.3份、间苯二甲酸14.3份、顺丁烯二酸8.4份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯15份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.2:1:1。
本实施例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1相同,制得不饱和聚酯树脂G。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂G 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份和无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物G。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物G中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板G。
对比例1
(1)以市售常见的牌号199#不饱和聚酯树脂作为不饱和聚酯树脂H。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂H 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份、无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物H。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物H中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板H。
对比例2
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇26.4份、间苯二甲酸16.9份、顺丁烯二酸6.7份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.7:1.5:1,此时,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为1.08:1。
本对比例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,未加入异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯,制得不饱和聚酯树脂I。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂I 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份、无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物I。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物I中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板I。
对比例3
(1)不饱和聚酯树脂及其制备方法
取1,4-环己烷二甲醇29.1份、间苯二甲酸6.2份、顺丁烯二酸14.7份、苯乙烯10份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯5份。其中,1,4-环己烷二甲醇、间苯二甲酸和顺丁烯二酸的摩尔比n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.7:0.5:2,此时,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为1.08:1。
本对比例不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法与实施例1相同,制得不饱和聚酯树脂J。
(2)树脂糊组合物及其制备方法
取上述树脂J 40份、脂环族环氧树脂(陶氏化学ERL-4221D)50份、引发剂(过氧化甲乙酮)0.1份、固化剂(苯乙烯-马来酸酐嵌段共聚物)10份、促进剂(2-甲基咪唑)0.5份、无机填料40份,混合搅拌均匀,得树脂糊组合物J。
(3)层压板及其制备方法
将2116玻璃纤维布浸渍于上述树脂糊组合物J中,其他步骤与本实施例1层压板的制备方法相同,制得层压板J。
各实施例和对比例的不饱和聚酯树脂的配方汇总见表1。
表1
Figure BDA0002309022350000141
Figure BDA0002309022350000151
各实施例和对比例的树脂糊组合物的配方汇总见表2。
表2
Figure BDA0002309022350000152
评价方法
(1)耐黄变性:取不饱和聚酯树脂A~不饱和聚酯树脂J,分别加热至200℃反应10min后,在CIE 1976L*a*b*颜色模型下,以平均日光光源(C光源,6774k色温)照射测定L*值、a*值、b*值。然后分别按照《GB/T 23987-2009》所示方法进行紫外线老化试验,使用QUV/Spray型紫外老化试验箱及UVA-340灯管,凝露条件下测试168小时及336小时,并在测试168小时及336小时后再次测定其L*值、a*值、b*值,根据公式:ΔE=(ΔL2+Δa2+Δb2)1/2,计算出总色差值△E,△E值越小,表明耐黄变性越好。结果见表3。
取层压板A~层压板J,在CIE 1976L*a*b*颜色模型下,以平均日光光源(C光源,6774k色温)照射测定L*值、a*值、b*值。然后分别按照《GB/T 23987-2009》所示方法进行紫外线老化试验,使用QUV/Spray型紫外老化试验箱及UVA-340灯管,凝露条件下测试168小时及336小时,并在测试168小时及336小时后再次测定其L*值、a*值、b*值,根据公式:ΔE=(ΔL2+Δa2+Δb2)1/2,计算出总色差值△E,△E值越小,表明耐黄变性越好。结果见表4。
(2)耐热性
取不饱和聚酯树脂A~不饱和聚酯树脂J,分别加热至200℃反应10min后,按照《GB/T1634-2004》所示方法进行热变形温度测试,热变形温度越高,表明耐热性越好。结果见表3。
取层压板A~层压板J,按照《IPC-TM-650 2.4.24》所示方法进行玻璃化转变温度测试,玻璃化转变温度越高,表明耐热性越好。结果见表4。
表3
Figure BDA0002309022350000161
表4
Figure BDA0002309022350000162
Figure BDA0002309022350000171
由表3和表4可知,实施例1-7制得的不饱和聚酯树脂和层压板的总色差值△E值普遍较小,实施例1-7制得的不饱和聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度均大于130℃,甚至实施例1-7制得的层压板的玻璃化转变温度均大于145℃。表明实施例1-7制得的不饱和聚酯树脂和层压板的耐黄变性、耐热性好。其中,多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸的摩尔比和异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯的加入量,对不饱和聚酯树脂和层压板的耐黄变性、耐热性均有不同程度的影响。
而对比例1-3制得的不饱和聚酯树脂和层压板的性能明显如不实施例1。对比例1中,市售常见的牌号199#不饱和聚酯树脂总色差值△E相对最高,耐黄变性能较差,制得的层压板耐黄变性能也较差。对比例2未加入异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯,制得的不饱和聚酯树脂△E相对实施例1较大、玻璃化转变温度较低,这说明异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯的加入对不饱和聚酯树脂耐黄变性能、耐热性能的提升具有重要意义。对比例3的预聚物中,n(1,4-环己烷二甲醇):n(间苯二甲酸):n(顺丁烯二酸)=2.7:0.5:2,制得的不饱和聚酯树脂虽然△E较小,但是玻璃化转变温度较低,综合性能也无法满足要求。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (16)

1.一种不饱和聚酯树脂,其特征在于,由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure FDA0002309022340000011
所述预聚物由摩尔比为(2.2-4.5):(1-1.5):(1-1.5)的多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸组合而成;
所述预聚物中,羟基和羧基的摩尔比为(1.0-1.5):1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,其特征在于,所述不饱和聚酯树脂由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure FDA0002309022340000012
3.根据权利要求2所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,其特征在于,所述预聚物由摩尔比为(2.2-3):(1-1.5):1的多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸制备而成。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,其特征在于,所述多元醇选自新戊二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、三甲基戊二醇和乙基丁基丙二醇中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,其特征在于,所述含苯多元酸选自对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸和偏苯三酸酐中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,其特征在于,所述不饱和多元酸选自顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸酐和反丁烯二酸中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,其特征在于,所述不饱和聚酯树脂中的原料还包括阻聚剂,所述阻聚剂选自苯醌、对叔丁基邻苯二酚和对苯二酚中的一种或几种。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的不饱和聚酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
在20-30℃下,混合所述多元醇、含苯多元酸和不饱和多元酸,升温至160-230℃,反应至酸值小于50mg KOH/g,降温至65-80℃后,加入所述苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯,保温,反应至酸值小于10mg KOH/g。
9.一种树脂糊组合物,其特征在于,由包括以下质量份的原料制备而成:
Figure FDA0002309022340000021
10.根据权利要求9所述的树脂糊组合物,其特征在于,所述脂环族环氧树脂选自含有一个或多个取代环己烷结构的二缩水甘油醚、二缩水甘油胺、二缩水甘油酯、三缩水甘油醚、三缩水甘油胺和三缩水甘油酯中的一种或几种。
11.根据权利要求9所述的树脂糊组合物,其特征在于,所述引发剂选自酰类过氧化物、氢过氧化物、二烷基过氧化物、酯类过氧化物、酮类过氧化物和二碳酸酯过氧化物的一种或几种。
12.根据权利要求9所述的树脂糊组合物,其特征在于,所述固化剂选自氰酸酯固化剂、脂肪多元胺型固化剂、芳香胺类固化剂、聚酰胺类固化剂、路易斯酸-胺络合物类固化剂、酸酐类固化剂和苯并噁嗪固化剂中的一种或几种。
13.根据权利要求9所述的树脂糊组合物,其特征在于,所述促进剂选自2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、2-苯基-4-甲基咪唑、1-甲基咪唑、1-氟乙基-2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑和2-十一烷基咪唑中的一种或几种。
14.根据权利要求9-13任一项所述的树脂糊组合物,其特征在于,所述填料由二氧化钛、二氧化铈、硫酸钡和纳米硅微粉组成。
15.一种预浸料,其特征在于,所述预浸料的原料包括权利要求1-7任一项所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,或权利要求8所述的制备方法制得的不饱和聚酯树脂,或权利要求9-14任一项所述的树脂糊组合物。
16.一种层压板,其特征在于,所述层压板的原料包括权利要求1-7任一项所述的不饱和聚酯树脂,或权利要求8所述的制备方法制得的不饱和聚酯树脂,或权利要求9-14任一项所述的树脂糊组合物,或权利要求15所述的预浸料。
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