CN111033339A - 具有多功能靴的小形状因数光纤连接器 - Google Patents

具有多功能靴的小形状因数光纤连接器 Download PDF

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CN111033339A
CN111033339A CN201980003992.4A CN201980003992A CN111033339A CN 111033339 A CN111033339 A CN 111033339A CN 201980003992 A CN201980003992 A CN 201980003992A CN 111033339 A CN111033339 A CN 111033339A
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fiber optic
connector
polarity
optic connector
alignment
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CN111033339B (zh
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高野一义
J·J·F·昌
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Senko Advanced Components Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3887—Anchoring optical cables to connector housings, e.g. strain relief features
    • G02B6/38875—Protection from bending or twisting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3825—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres with an intermediate part, e.g. adapter, receptacle, linking two plugs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3826—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres characterised by form or shape
    • G02B6/3831—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres characterised by form or shape comprising a keying element on the plug or adapter, e.g. to forbid wrong connection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3869—Mounting ferrules to connector body, i.e. plugs
    • G02B6/387—Connector plugs comprising two complementary members, e.g. shells, caps, covers, locked together
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
    • G02B6/3874—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
    • G02B6/3878—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules comprising a plurality of ferrules, branching and break-out means
    • G02B6/3879—Linking of individual connector plugs to an overconnector, e.g. using clamps, clips, common housings comprising several individual connector plugs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3887—Anchoring optical cables to connector housings, e.g. strain relief features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/389—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs characterised by the method of fastening connecting plugs and sockets, e.g. screw- or nut-lock, snap-in, bayonet type
    • G02B6/3893—Push-pull type, e.g. snap-in, push-on
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/40—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means
    • G02B6/403—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means of the ferrule type, connecting a pair of ferrules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/40—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means
    • G02B6/406—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means of the ferrule type, connecting a plurality of pairs of ferrules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4292—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3818—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres of a low-reflection-loss type
    • G02B6/3821—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres of a low-reflection-loss type with axial spring biasing or loading means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种容纳两个或更多个LC型光学套管的光学连接器。光学连接器包括外部本体、容纳两个或更多个LC型光学套管的内部前本体、用于将光学套管推向配合连接的套管弹簧、以及用于支撑套管弹簧的后本体。公开了一种用于极性改变的可移除内部前本体。公开了一种用于极性改变的多功能可旋转靴组件。可以推动和拉动多功能靴组件以从适配器插座插入和移除微型连接器。

Description

具有多功能靴的小形状因数光纤连接器
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及被称为“微型光学连接器”的超小形状因数光学连接器、以及适配器和光学收发器内的相关连接。
背景技术
互联网的普及导致通信网络的空前增长。消费者对服务的需求和日益激烈的竞争导致网络提供商不断寻找在降低成本的同时提高服务质量的方式。
某些解决方案包括部署高密度互连面板。高密度互连面板可以设计成将支持快速增长的网络所需的不断增加的互连体积整合为紧凑的形状因数，由此提高服务质量并降低成本，例如占地面积和支持开销。然而，在数据中心领域、特别是与光纤连接有关的改进空间仍然存在。例如，连接器和适配器的制造商一直在寻求减小装置的尺寸、同时增加部署的简易性、鲁棒性和部署后的可修改性。特别地，可能需要在先前用于较少数量的连接器的相同占位空间中容纳更多的光学连接器，以便提供与现有数据中心设备的向后兼容性。例如，一种当前的占位空间被称为小形状因数可插拔收发器占位空间(SFP)。这种占位空间目前可容纳两个LC型套管光学连接。然而，可能期望在相同的占位空间内容纳四个光学连接(发送/接收的两个双工连接)。另一种当前的占位空间是四路小形状因数可插拔(QSFP)收发器占位空间。这种占位空间目前容纳四个LC型套管光学连接。然而，可能期望在相同的占位空间内容纳LC型套管的八个光学连接(发送/接收的四个双工连接)。
在诸如数据中心和交换网络之类的通信网络中，配合连接器之间的许多互连可以被压缩为高密度面板。面板和连接器生产商可以通过缩小连接器尺寸和/或面板上相邻连接器之间的间距来优化这样的高密度。尽管两种方法都可以有效地增加面板连接器的密度，但是缩小连接器的尺寸和/或间距也可能会增加支持成本并降低服务质量。
在高密度面板配置中，相邻的连接器和电缆组件可能会阻塞通向各个释放机构的通路。这样的物理阻塞可能会妨碍操作员将施加到电缆和连接器上的应力最小化的能力。例如，当用户进入密集的连接器组并推开周围的光纤和连接器以用他/她的拇指和食指接近单独的连接器释放机构时，可能会施加这些应力。对电缆和连接器施加过大的应力可能会产生潜在的缺陷、损害端接的完整性和/或可靠性、并且可能会导致对网络性能的严重破坏。
尽管操作员可以尝试使用诸如螺丝刀的工具进入密集的连接器组并且启动释放机构，但相邻的电缆和连接器可能会阻碍操作员的视线，从而难以在不推开相邻电缆的情况下将工具引导到释放机构。而且，即使当操作者具有清晰的视线时，将工具引导到释放机构也可能会是耗时的过程。因此，使用工具可能无法有效地减少支持时间和提高服务质量。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的推/拉和极性改变的公开实施例改进的微型光学连接器的分解图。
图2-4示出了图1的微型连接器的极性改变技术。
图5-8示出了根据本发明的微型连接器的另一实施例的极性改变。
图9-11示出了将图1的微型连接器插入适配器中。
图12是根据本发明的实施例的前本体的透视图。
图13是适配器钩和对准组件的另一实施例的透视图。
图14是插入适配器中的图1的微型连接器的透视图。
图15是图14的一组微型连接器的后透视图。
图16是具有多功能推/拉-可旋转靴(图17)的微型连接器的透视图，所述靴用于将连接器从适配器插入/移除以及用于极性改变。
图17是具有可释放地附接到靴组件的对准和偏移键的多功能可旋转靴组件的透视图。
图18是图16的微型连接器的外壳体的透视图。
图19是从图18的外壳体移除的前本体和靴的透视图。
图20是处于第一极性位置的微型连接器的透视图。
图21是在方向“R”上旋转到第二极性的图20的连接器的透视图。
图22示出了进一步旋转到第二极性的图20的微型连接器。
图23示出了处于第二极性的图20的微型连接器。
图24是具有横截面剖视“A-A”的图16的微型连接器的侧视图。
图25是处于第一极性位置的图16的微型连接器的沿着横截面剖视“A-A”的视图。
图26是靴组件的端视图，示出了用于光纤布线的开口。
图27是具有光纤布线的后本体的端部的透视图。
图28是在靴旋转开始以将微型连接器从第一极性变为第二极性时沿着横截面“A-A”的透视图。
图29是在靴旋转延续以将微型连接器从第一极性变为第二极性时沿着横截面“A-A”的透视图。
图30是靴旋转延续中的微型连接器的透视图。
图31是在即将达到微型连接器的第二极性之前的沿着横截面“A-A”的透视图。
图32是即将达到第二极性之前的微型连接器的透视图。
图33是处于第二极性位置的图16的微型连接器的沿着横截面“A-A”的透视图。
图34是闩锁在适配器插座中的图16的微型连接器的沿着纵向横截面的透视图，其中多功能可旋转靴组件向前偏置或推入。
图35是当多功能可旋转靴组件在方向“P”上被部分地拉动时的图34的透视图。
图36是当多功能可旋转靴组件(图17)从适配器钩释放但是仍在拉力“P”的影响下时的图34的透视图。
图37是其中结合了另一推/拉释放实施例的微型连接器的透视图。
图38是图37的连接器的分解图。
图39是没有外壳体的图37的微型连接器的侧视内部透视图。
图40是闩锁在插座中的图37的连接器的横截面图。
图41是使用根据本发明的推/拉释放靴部分移除的图37的连接器的横截面图。
图42是从适配器插座释放的图37的连接器的横截面图。
图43是微型连接器的另一实施例的分解图，所述微型连接器具有限定第一极性和第二极性的可释放地附接的夹子。
图44是处于第一极性的图43的微型连接器的组装图。
图45是处于第二极性的图43的微型连接器的组装图。
具体实施方式
就本申请而言，以下术语应具有以下规定的相应含义。
如本文所用，连接器是指将第一模块或电缆连接到第二模块或电缆的装置和/或其部件。连接器可以配置用于光纤传输或电信号传输。连接器例如可以是现在已知或以后开发的任何合适的类型，譬如套管连接器(FC)、光纤分布式数据接口(FDDI)连接器、LC连接器、机械传输(MT)连接器、方形连接器(SC)连接器、SC双工连接器或直头(ST)连接器。连接器通常可以由连接器壳体限定。在一些实施例中，壳体可以包含本文描述的任何或所有部件。
“光纤电缆”或“光缆”是指包含用于在光束中传导光信号的一根或多根光纤在内的电缆。光纤可以由包括玻璃、玻璃纤维和塑料在内的任意适合的透明材料构成。电缆可以包括围绕光纤的护套或防护材料。另外，电缆可以在电缆的一端或两端连接至连接器。
本文所述的各种实施例主要是提供了一种远程释放机构，以使得用户可以将高密度面板上间隔紧密的电缆组件连接器一并移除而不会出现损坏周围的连接器、意外断开周围的连接器、破坏通过周围连接器进行的传输、和/或类似的情况。各种实施例还提供窄间距LC双工连接器和窄宽度多光纤连接器，例如用于与未来的窄间距LC SFP和未来的窄宽度SFP一起使用。远程释放机构允许在窄间距LC SFP和窄宽度多光纤SFP的密集阵列中使用窄间距LC双工连接器和窄宽度多光纤连接器。
图1以分解图示出了微型光学连接器2100的实施例。微型光学连接器2100可以包括外壳体2101、前本体2102、一个或多个套管2103、一个或多个套管凸缘2104、一个或多个弹簧2133、后本体2106(所述后本体在本体的顶部和底部处具有翼2106.1，翼2106.1固定在前本体2102的远端处的开口2119内)、后柱2107、压接环2108和靴2109。前本体2102的侧壁是敞开的而不是闭合的，通道2194用于对准套管凸缘2104，并且对准套筒开口2113用以接收套管2103。外壳体2101可以包括：用于容纳前本体2102和套管2103的纵向孔，弹簧2133和后本体2106，在互连期间使用的连接器对准键2105，连接器翅片2101.1以及在以光学连接器的密集阵列连接时有助于移除连接器2100的可选拉键2110。可选地，套管可以是外径为1.25mm的LC型套管。连接器翅片2101.1将前本体2102固定在外壳体2101内。对准键2105还用作如本文所公开的指示连接器极性取向的阻挡结构。极性由套管9203(参见图19)确定，其中第一套管用于Tx或发送，第二套管用于Rx或接收。如本领域中已知的那样，如果套管9203与固定在相对的适配器端口中的相对的套管不匹配，则信号将丢失。对准键执行双重功能，当旋转靴组件时，对准键重新定位，因此一旦插入适配器，连接器就可能会被键阻挡。这实际上不允许用户将连接器插入适配器插座内，由此防止跨适配器接口的相对连接器之间的信号不匹配。如以下所公开的那样，从图18开始，辅助手段可以是位于连接器壳体上的标记，其指示旋转靴之后的连接器套管的“A”或“B”极性。
如图2-4所示，图2的微型连接器3700包括组装的前本体3702，所述前本体可以从外壳体3701移除，如箭头所示旋转180°(图3)，然后重新插入外壳体中(图4)。这允许通过移除和旋转前本体3702来改变连接器的极性，因此可以快速且容易地切换套管，而不必损坏精密的光缆和套管。参照图2，微型连接器3700已完全组装。为了移除前本体3702以改变连接器的极性，如图3所示，一个或多个弹性键3703被向外提起以释放前本体3702以便在箭头“R”的方向上向后移除。参照图4，为了完成极性改变，在如图3所示将前本体3702旋转180度之后，将前本体3702在箭头“F”的方向上插入外壳体中。
图5示出了使用外壳体5301的极性改变机构的操作(参照图6)，其中拉键5310与外壳体集成。在图5中，微型连接器5300已完全组装。用户将工具插入操作槽5329中并提起外壳体5301而不是弹性键3703(参见图3)。如图6所示，将前本体5302与附接的靴和电缆一起移除。转向图7，外壳体5301如箭头“R”所示旋转180度，并在如图所示的第二箭头的方向上放回到前本体5302上。极性相反的微型连接器5300在图8中示出为完全组装。
参照图9，示出了在即将插入适配器5600之前的微型连接器5300。在图10中部分地插入连接器530，其中连接器钩(或适配器钩)5525尚未被座置在连接器凹部5511中，图11示出了在箭头“A”的方向上座置在凹部5511中的钩5525。
参照图12，前本体6102具有两个切口6119和6121以及延伸的中间壁6110。切口6121接合外壳体钩(未示出)，所述外壳体钩代替弹性键3703以将外壳体固定到前本体。切口6121固定极性改变键5310。切口6119经由后柱前本体钩2106.1(参照图2)将后柱2106固定到前本体6102。通过不使用弹性键，在后柱2106的包覆模制时节省材料，并且该节省的材料用于加固中间壁，从而更好地帮助支撑套管弹簧以防弯曲并且有助于防止套管变形。该减少的材料还允许减小归因于如图12所示的3.1mm的套管到套管间距的连接器尺寸。该变形会增加插入损耗。连接器凹部6111位于前本体6102的近端处，并且该凹部与连接器钩5525接合并锁定。参照图13，适配器钩6246在适配器(连接器)钩表面上增加了倒角(6242、6226)以在连接器斜面5512接合适配器(连接器钩)5525时改善连接器在适配器中的安装(参照图5)。适配器钩组件具有对准套筒保持器6227，所述对准套筒保持器6227接收来自微型连接器的一个或多个套管，并使套管9203与第二微型连接器(未示出)的相对套管对准。
图14示出了插入适配器5700中的一组微型连接器7500A。适配器5700具有多个槽5700a，所述多个槽配置成在对准和偏移键(7500A、9105.1)的近侧接收对准键7500A.1。
对准键以及对准和偏移键被定义为与连接器壳体的侧面相邻的突起。
图15示出了用于图14的一组微型连接器7500A的对准和偏移键7500B。如图所示，当键7500B用作连接器之间的支撑件时，对准/偏移键7500B增加了稳定性并减少了插入期间的未对准。键7500B还有助于确定微型连接器的极性，如本文所述。
参照图16-17，图16示出了具有对准和偏移键9105.1的微型连接器9100，所述对准和偏移键具有偏移部分9123。偏移部分9123接合侧杆壁架9124的顶表面，以用于将连接器9100对准到紧接另一微型连接器的多插座适配器中。侧杆壁架9124位于连接器的远端的更后面或附近(例如，更靠近电缆)，其中侧杆壁架9124是多功能可旋转靴9109.1的一部分。当处于极性状态“B”或状态“A”时，如微型连接器壳体的外部所示，微型连接器9100的外壳体9101经由与连接器壳体9201中的第二槽9201.4a和9201.4b接合的靴钩9109.5(图17)固定到靴9100.1(如图18所示)。多功能靴能够在箭头“R”的方向上旋转。
参照图17，多功能可旋转靴9109.1包括可释放地附接的对准和偏移键9105.1，其能够在释放点9109.6处释放，也可参照图43。对准和偏移键2105可以固定在如图1所示的连接器外壳体上或者固定在图37中公开的对准键5305处。对准键可以不具有如图1和37中公开的偏移部分，而并不脱离本发明的范围，其中靴组件可旋转，正如图26-27以及图25-33和图43-45中所公开的那样。如本文所公开，从连接器壳体突出的键确定了靴组件旋转时的极性。对准键(2105、9405.1、5305、9600)或类似的结构从外连接器壳体突出，由旋转的靴组件重新定位，并且键与确定极性的适配器结构相互作用，如本文所述。参照图17，键9105.1在近端处具有固定突起9105.2，所述固定突起与连接器壳体9201(参照图18)中的第一槽9201.3b接合以将多功能可旋转靴组件9109.1进一步固定到前本体9202或外壳体9201。多功能可旋转靴组件9109.1包括本体9109.1a，其具有沿着线P-P的通道，以用于将光纤电缆(参照图26和图27)传递到套管以完成信号路径。
参照图18，外壳体9201以第二极性取向“B”示出，其包括对应的第一槽9201.3b和第二槽9201.4b。多功能可旋转靴组件9209.1(图19)在箭头“I”的方向所示的连接器壳体9201的远端处插入。第二槽9201.4a对应于极性位置“A”。
参照图19，多功能可旋转靴组件9209.1包括对准和偏移键9205.1、如本文所述的靴钩9209.5、(如本文所述)配置成接合后本体9206、前本体9202和多个套管9203的侧杆壁架9024。在将两个连接器插入适配器时，侧杆壁架9024接收第二连接器的偏移键9023。这允许连接器更容易地并排插入适配器中而不会卡塞。组件9209.1的近端(或套管9203端)在箭头“I”的方向上插入外壳体9201(图18)的远端。一旦插入，外壳体9201就与多功能可旋转靴组件9209.1接合(正如第一槽9201.3b和第二槽9201.4b之间的虚线所示)，接合对准和偏移键9205.1上的固定突起9205.2和靴翼9209.5。翼和固定突起被接收在图18所述的外壳体的第二槽和第一槽中。
参照图20，前本体9302和靴组件9309.1组装在微型连接器壳体9301中，其中对准和偏移键9305.1处于第一极性位置。
参照图21，多功能可旋转靴组件9309.1在方向“R”上旋转以从第一极性“A”(参照图20)转换为第二极性“B”(参照图23)，对准和偏移键9305.1在如图20所示的第一极性位置与在第二极性位置“B”成180度或相反。靴旋转键9305.1的尺寸可以如图1中所公开的那样。靴钩9209.5还包括倒角9309.2。倒角9309.2与连接器外壳体的壁9301.5接合，并且倒角9309.2将靴钩9209.5从连接器外壳体9301的远端提起并从第二槽9201.4b释放，并且固定突起9105.2(参照图17和图20所示)从第一槽9201.3b提起，由此允许靴组件如图21所示在方向“R”上旋转。倒角9309.2可以使用与当前倒角9309.2相对的角度或倒角切口与壁9301.5接合以允许在图21的相反方向上旋转。靴组件9309.1的旋转使连接器9100从如图20所示的第一极性“A”变为如图19(没有连接器壳体)和图32所示的第二极性“B”。靴组件可以在顺时针方向上旋转，而不脱离本发明的范围。
参照图22，靴组件9309.1的进一步旋转导致变为第二极性，如图23所示，其中对准和偏移键固定在极性“B”的第一槽9201.3b内。
参照图23，侧杆壁架9023(以及对准键9305.1)处于“第二极性”位置或“B”极性，并且当将微型连接器插入适配器(未示出)时，微型连接器定向成使键9305.1处于与图20相对的位置，因此键可以由相应的适配器结构(未示出)阻挡。如果微型连接器9100由适配器结构阻挡，则这就意味着该微型连接器未处于用以进行经由适配器到相对的光纤连接器或收发器的光纤到光纤连接的正确极性取向，正如本领域中已知的那样。旋转后，将套管反向，顶部套管现在成为底部套管，这导致第二极性配置。第二极性不同于第一极性，即Rx接收信号现在是Tx发送信号路径，反之亦然。对准和偏移键9405.1已从第一极性“A”切换到第二极性“B”。
图24是微型连接器9100，其具有沿“A-A”线的横截面，如图25至33所示，进一步示出了使用多功能可旋转靴组件9209.1的极性改变。在本申请的各个附图中，沿着线“B-B”提供的是纵向横截面。“L-L”是本发明中的连接器的纵向轴线。
参照图25，图24(以及图16)的微型连接器的横截面剖视“A-A”的前视图还包括光纤电缆(未示出)穿过其中的开口、以及进一步被内圆9409.4围绕的压接环表面9407.1。当组件9209.1旋转时，参照图26，内圆9409.4与图27所示的形成为外圆的后柱表面9406.7接合。内圆和外圆形成配合表面，所述配合表面可以自由旋转，由此允许多功能靴组件围绕光纤连接器壳体旋转。返回图25，靴钩9109.5在第一极性位置还包括第一倒角9409.2a和第一止动壁9409.3a以及第二倒角9409.2b和第二止动壁9409.3b。靴钩9109.5在极性改变期间在第二槽9201.4a和第二槽9201.4b之间旋转。第二槽9201.4a对应于连接器处于“A”极性位置。类似地，第二槽9201.4b对应于连接器处于“B”极性配置。固定突起9405.1以“A”极性驻留于第一槽9201.3a中，并且随后在靴释放件9309.1旋转之后以“B”极性驻留于第一槽9201.3b中。
参照图28，开始靴组件的旋转，并且倒角9409.2a接合连接器壳体壁9301.5，并且开始将第一靴翼9109.5a从第二槽9201.4a中提起。类似地，第二靴翼9109.5b从第二槽9201.4b旋转出来。
参照图29，随着在方向“R”上的进一步旋转，将对准和偏移键9405.1上的固定突起9105.2(参照图20)从第一槽9201.3a(参照图20和图21)提起，并且将靴翼9109.5a从顶表面处的第二槽9201.4a提起，并且一旦旋转180时，固定突起9105.2(参照图20)就被接收到外壳体9401的底表面处的第一槽9201.4b中。靴翼9109.5b从第二槽9201.4b移出。
参照图30，示出了靴组件9409.1在其离开连接器9100的外壳体9401时的旋转。倒角9409.2b首先从该视图离开。对准和偏移键9405.1在该视图中沿逆时针方向围绕外壳体移动到第二极性位置“B”。
参照图31，对准和偏移键9405.1几乎处于如图所示的第二极性位置，而倒角9409.2b处于与自身在图25中相反的取向。参照图32，连接器9100示出了处于与图30相反位置的倒角9409.2b，指示连接器接近其第二极性配置，并且对准和偏移键9405.1处在外壳体9401的底表面处。图33示出了处于其第二极性位置的沿着横截面“A-A”的连接器9100，其中第二槽9401.4a中的倒角9409.2b处在外壳体9401的顶表面处。极性键9405.1处在外壳体9401的底表面处，指示连接器处于第二极性配置。
参照图34，微型连接器9100沿着横截面“B-B”(参照图24)示出为处于适配器2400的插座内的闩锁位置。在多功能可旋转靴组件9209.1的旋转期间，靴翼9209.5如上在图25-33中所述地进行操作。这通过靴组件9209.1之间的间隙9209.6实现，当内圆9409.4接合后柱面表面9406.7时，所述间隙允许围绕压接环9207的“自由旋转”，正如图26-27中所述的那样。当连接器处于适配器内的闩锁位置时旋转靴组件，靴组件翼9209.5的面对表面与后柱2106的面对表面9206.2接触，正如接口9100.8处所示。仍然参照图34，靴翼9209.5的面与外壳体9201(图18和图21)的第二槽9201.4的相应表面9301.4a接合并可释放地锁定。微型连接器9100使用推/拉靴组件或推/拉键在适配器2400的插座中闩锁和解锁，正如图9-11、或图34-36、或图37-42中所述。适配器钩2425座置在位于前本体9202中的连接器凹部9211中。在该位置，如接口9100.8处所示，靴组件9209.1抵靠在后本体2106上，如箭头“推入”所示。
参照图35，靴组件9209.1在“P”方向上向后拉。将靴组件9209.1拉到距接口9100.8、9100.9的释放距离“d”以从适配器接口解锁连接器。同时，当微型连接器9100从适配器2400的插座移除时，适配器钩2425从连接器凹部9211提起。靴组件9209.1移动了距离“d”，原因是靴翼9209.5接合外壳体面9301.4a，并且向后拉动外壳体9201。向后拉动外壳体9201使连接器9100由此释放后本体的远端与靴组件9209.1的近端之间的分离量。该距离与通道距离匹配，如图36所示，随着使用可旋转靴组件从适配器拉动连接器，靴钩就在9100.9a、9100.8a中滑动。当将靴组件9209.1向后拉动至少该距离时，钩2425从位于前本体2102的近端处的凹部9211提起。
参照图36，一旦靴组件9209.1在“P”方向被完全拉动，连接器9100就从适配器2400内释放。适配器钩2425完全脱离连接器凹部9211，并且达到最大拉动距离。一旦拉力“P”从靴9209.1释放，UI这拉力“P”在靴组件9209.1上的释放，接口距离9100.8返回到图34的接口距离。
图37示出了连接器5300，所述连接器在其远端处具有推/拉靴组件5345a，在该推/拉靴组件中接收具有多个光纤束的光纤电缆，并且近端配置成连接并且固定到利用外壳体5301进行固定的后本体组件5330a。外壳体5301具有对准键5305，还具有带有止动面5301b的开口5301a，当钩5425从凹部5711移除时，如图41所示，在将靴组件5345a沿着远侧方向完全拉动以从插座释放连接器5300的情况下，靴翼(5445b、5445c)(参照图38)接合所述止动面。套管5303提供Tx、Rx信息光信号。
图38示出了图37的连接器5300的分解图。靴组件5445a接收具有覆盖光纤束的保护管5440c和压接环5440b的压接环组件5440a，所述压接环固定到包括后本体5430b的后本体组件5430a的后柱5430c。一对弹簧5425安置在包括套管和套管凸缘的相应的套管组件5420上。正如关于连接器2100所述，通过后本体组件5430a将套管组件和弹簧保持在前本体5402内。将前本体5402插入外壳体5401的远侧开口5401.1中，其中靴组件翼5430a固定在前本体的远侧开口5415b内，并且翼通过外壳体的开口5401.4固定，从而在与推/拉靴组装在一起时，将外壳体、前本体和后本体固定在一起，如图37所示。
图39示出了处于组装配置的没有其外壳体5301的图37的连接器。靴组件5445a经由压接环5440a固定在后本体5430a的后柱5430c上，如图38中所述。翼(5445b、5445c)将图39的组件固定在外壳体5301内，并且在从插座释放连接器5300期间，翼(5445b、5445c)将外壳体拉回特定距离“d”，从而释放座置于凹部5611中的适配器/插座钩或闩锁5625(参照图40)，同时连接器5300仍固定在插座2400内。前本体5402固定到连接器壳体5401，而后本体5430a固定到前本体5402的远端，正如图1和本公开中的别处所述。
图40示出了固定在图24的插座2400内的连接器5300。插座钩或闩锁5625在其近端处搁置在形成于前本体5601内的连接器凹部5611中。当靴释放翼5645b接合外壳体5601的止动面5301b时，距离“d”的间隙5629限制前本体5601的行程。该“d”行程将钩5625从连接器凹部5611移除，由此从适配器2400解锁或释放连接器。压接环5440b被示出为固定到后柱5630c。后本体5630a在远侧开口5401b处固定在前本体5402内(图38)。
图41示出了在方向“P”上从插座2400移除或拉出的连接器5300。当靴组件5745a被向后或在远侧方向上拉动时，插座壳体内的钩或闩锁2425沿着前本体斜面5401d(图38)从凹部5711提起。间隙5529闭合，如图41所示。连接器壳体5715c的内面与前本体5701e的正面齐平，以停止靴组件的行进，并且配置成确保适配器闩锁或钩2425从凹部5711移位以将连接器从插座释放，如图42所示。靴翼5745c在远端处固定在连接器壳体5401内的第二槽或开口5401.4内。
图42示出了使用靴组件5845a从插座2400移除的连接器5300。在该实施例中，翼(5845b、5845c)与外壳体壁5801b齐平。如图所示，当向后拉动靴5845a以从适配器2400释放连接器时，翼(5845b、5845c)在连接器壳体外壁内的间隙或开口5801c内移动。当从靴组件释放拉力时，弹簧5825向前偏压前本体面5815c以与前本体面5801e齐平。钩或闩锁2425从凹部5811移位，并且钩驻留于插座2400的外壳体内的适配器壳体间隙2400a中。这减小了适配器的整体尺寸以接收更多的连接器。
参照图43，公开了使用对准和偏移键9600来改变极性的另一实施例。对准和偏移键9600如虚线所示被可释放地附接到靴夹表面9975。将键9600附接到靴9209.1的第一侧，则连接器9100处于第一极性配置；并且将键9600附接到第二侧，则连接器9100处于第二极性配置。参照图44，组装第一极性配置，其中键9600附接到连接器9100的靴9209.1。参照图45，组装第二极性配置，其中键9600附接到靴9209.1的相对侧。
在以上的详细描述中，参照了构成其一部分的附图。在附图中，除非上下文另外指出，否则相似的附图标记通常标识相似的部件。在不脱离本文提出的主题的精神或范围的情况下，可以使用其他实施例，并且可以进行其他的修改。
本领域技术人员应理解，一般而言，在本文中、尤其是在所附权利要求(例如，所附权利要求的主体)中使用的术语通常旨在表示“开放性”术语(例如，术语“包括”应解释为“包括但不限于”，术语“具有”应解释为“至少具有”，术语“包含”应解释为“包含但不限于”，等等)。例如，为了有助于理解，以下所附的权利要求可以包含引入性短语“至少一个”和“一个或多个”的使用以引入权利要求的叙述。然而，这样的短语的使用不应被解释为意味着由不定冠词“一”或“一个”引入的权利要求陈述将包含这样引入的权利要求陈述的任何特定权利要求限制为仅包含一个这样的陈述的实施例，即使相同的权利要求包括引入性短语“一个或多个”或“至少一个”和不定冠词例如“一”或“一个”也不例外(例如，“一”和/或“一个”应解释为表示“至少一个”或“一个或多个”)。

Claims (20)

1.一种能够改变极性的光纤连接器，其包括：
连接器壳体，所述连接器壳体在第一端处具有至少一个套管；
在所述连接器壳体的第二端处的多功能可旋转靴组件，
所述多功能可旋转靴组件还包括突起；并且
其中所述多功能可旋转靴组件围绕所述光纤连接器的纵向轴线旋转，以将所述光纤连接器从所述突起与所述连接器壳体的第一侧相邻的第一极性转换成所述突起与所述连接器壳体的第二侧相邻的第二极性，所述第一极性与所述第二极性不同。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光纤连接器，其中所述突起是对准和偏移键以及对准键。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光纤连接器，其中所述对准和偏移键还包括被接收在所述连接器壳体内的第一槽中的固定突起，所述固定突起在极性改变之后将所述对准和偏移键进一步固定到所述连接器壳体的外表面以防止意外的极性改变。
4.根据权利要求2所述的光纤连接器，其中所述对准和偏移键可释放地附接到所述可旋转靴组件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的光纤连接器，其中所述突起配置成被接收在适配器槽中以将所述光纤连接器的套管对准到对准套筒保持器内的相应开口中，以用于确保相对的光纤连接器抵接以形成光信号损失最小的信号路径。
6.根据权利要求2所述的光纤连接器，其中第一光学连接器的对准和偏移键的偏移键部分与连接器壳体的壁架部分配合，所述壁架部分由第二光纤连接器的偏移键形成，所述壁架部分和偏移键部分的配合有助于并排固定在适配器内的所述第一光学连接器和第二光纤连接器的取向和稳定性。
7.根据权利要求2所述的光纤连接器，其中通过从所述连接器壳体的第一侧移除所述对准和偏移键并将所述对准和偏移键附接到所述连接器壳体的第二侧，将所述光纤连接器从所述第一极性变为所述第二极性而无需旋转所述多功能可旋转靴组件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的光纤连接器，其中所述多功能可旋转靴组件配置成当在所述多功能可旋转靴组件的远端处施加拉力时从所述适配器释放。
9.根据权利要求8所述的光纤连接器，其中所述多功能可旋转靴组件还包括一个或多个相对的靴翼，所述靴翼固定在形成为所述连接器壳体的一部分的第二槽内，并且通过在远离所述光纤连接器内的套管的远侧方向上拉动所述多功能可旋转靴组件，将所述光纤连接器从适配器释放。
10.根据权利要求2所述的光纤连接器，其中所述对准和偏移键可释放地附接到所述多功能可旋转靴组件。
11.一种按照权利要求1所述的配置得到的光纤连接器。
12.一种光纤连接器的极性改变方法，其包括：
提供权利要求11所述的光纤连接器；
围绕所述光纤连接器的纵向轴线将所述多功能可旋转靴组件从第一位置旋转到第二位置；以及
导致光纤连接器的极性从第一极性变为第二极性，其中所述第一极性与所述第二极性不同。
13.根据权利要求12所述的光纤连接器的极性改变方法，其中
从适配器释放所述光纤连接器还包括：
在远离所述套管的远侧方向上拉动所述多功能可旋转靴组件，由此从适配器释放所述光纤连接器，以及
通过旋转所述多功能可旋转靴组件，将所述光纤连接器从所述第一极性变为所述第二极性，其中所述第一极性不同于所述第二极性。
14.一种多功能可旋转靴组件，其包括：
具有通道的主体，所述通道用于使光纤电缆通过以完成通向光纤连接器的壳体内的一个或多个套管的信号路径；
在所述主体的近端处的至少一个靴翼，所述至少一个靴翼用于将所述多功能可旋转靴固定到所述光纤连接器的壳体；以及
用于将连接器设定为第一极性或第二极性的突起。
15.根据权利要求14所述的多功能可旋转靴组件，其中所述通道还包括在所述主体的近端处的内圆，所述近端被限定为更靠近所述套管。
16.根据权利要求15所述的多功能可旋转靴组件，其中后本体还包括在所述后本体的远端处的外圆，并且其中将所述至少一个靴翼固定到位于所述光纤连接器的壳体的外表面上的第二开口，所述多功能可旋转靴组件能够沿着所述光纤连接器的纵向轴线旋转以将所述光纤连接器从第一极性变为第二极性。
17.根据权利要求14所述的多功能可旋转靴组件，其中所述突起是对准键以及对准和偏移键。
18.根据权利要求17所述的多功能可旋转靴组件，其中所述对准键或所述对准和偏移键将所述光纤连接器的近端对准到所述适配器中。
19.根据权利要求17所述的多功能可旋转靴组件，其中所述对准键还包括偏移键，所述偏移键使光纤连接器的远端和第二光纤连接器的远端稳定。
20.一种对准和偏移键，其包括：
主体，所述主体具有更靠近光纤连接器内的套管的近端、以及更靠近引入的光纤电缆的远端；
所述近端还包括突起，所述突起配置成被接收在适配器的壳体中形成的槽中，以用于在将光纤连接器插入适配器中时对准所述光纤连接器；
所述远端还包括偏移键，所述偏移键在一侧上具有突起并且在相对侧上形成间隙，并且其中所述偏移键附接到光纤连接器，所述突起与由附接到第二光纤连接器的第二偏移键形成的间隙配合，由此当所述光纤连接器固定在所述适配器内时，所述配合利用所述第二光纤连接器稳定所述光纤连接器的远端。
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