CN110981607A - Foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Foliar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a foliar fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The foliar fertilizer comprises biological fermentation liquor and Chinese herbal medicine extract; the mass ratio of the biological fermentation liquid to the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution is (2-4) to (1-2); the biological fermentation liquid comprises the following components: peanut bran, molasses, rice bran and biological agent; the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution comprises the following components: radix Sophorae Flavescentis, fructus Toosendan, folium Artemisiae Argyi, and herba et flos Pyrethri Cinerariifolii. According to the foliar fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the creative improvement on the selection of production raw materials and the preparation process thereof, organic matters, plant nutrient elements, beneficial microorganisms and insect-resistant disease-resistant traditional Chinese medicine extracts in the raw materials are in mutual synergistic effect, so that the prepared foliar fertilizer completely meets the requirements of organic agricultural production standards, and has the functions of high efficiency, environmental protection, no pollution, promotion of crop growth, prevention of plant diseases and insect pests and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a foliar fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Plants mainly rely on the root system to absorb water and nutrient elements in the soil for the growth and development of the plants. In addition to the root system, the plant can absorb nutrient elements through the leaves, and this phenomenon of non-root system absorption of nutrient elements is called extra-root nutrition. The nutrition outside roots is the supplement of the nutrition of the roots, and is mostly sprayed on the surfaces of plant leaves in a liquid spraying mode, and the fertilizer for leaf surface spraying is called as foliar fertilizer. Foliar fertilization has some advantages that soil fertilization cannot compare with, and is an important supplementary technology of soil fertilization technology. The foliar fertilization breaks through the traditional mode of soil root fertilization, so that the fertilization mode is the most flexible, convenient and economic, can directly supplement the needed nutrition for crops, reduces the fixation and decomposition of the soil to nutrient elements, greatly improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, and especially has important significance for the nutrient element supplement in the middle and later periods of the crop growth.
Crop diseases and insect pests are one of the important causes for reducing yield, and reducing the loss of the crop diseases and insect pests is an important way for increasing the yield and the quality of grain and feed crops. The prevention and control means such as spraying chemical pesticide and biological pesticide can reduce the harm of pests to crops, but the chemical pesticide is unsafe to human and livestock and easily causes environmental pollution.
The large amount of chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide causes serious environmental pollution problems including reduction of soil organic matters, increase of soil salinization, increase of pest resistance, overproof pesticide residue of agricultural products and the like, and the biological pesticide has higher cost and lower control effect. For a long time, the pesticide resistance of pests can be enhanced by spraying a large amount of chemical pesticides, beneficial pests and other ecological systems are damaged, the environment is seriously polluted, the production cost is increased, and the ecological balance is damaged. Therefore, the reduction of the amount of pesticides used and the development of modern biotechnology have become problems which must be looked upon in sustainable agriculture.
The foliar fertilizer can not only provide nutrient components for crops, but also prevent and treat crop diseases and insect pests, ensure the balanced absorption of the nutrients of the crops, reduce the occurrence of the diseases and the insect pests, achieve two purposes by one stroke, and achieve the purposes of increasing both production and income. However, in recent years, most of the foliar fertilizers produced in China have lower active ingredient content, single functional effect and low production utilization rate. Therefore, the development of the compound multifunctional foliar fertilizer with high concentration, complete nutrition and high utilization rate is imminent.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a foliar fertilizer to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a foliar fertilizer comprises biological fermentation liquid and Chinese herbal medicine extract; the mass ratio of the biological fermentation liquid to the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution is (2-4) to (1-2); the biological fermentation liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-600 parts of peanut bran, 300-500 parts of molasses, 800-1100 parts of rice bran and 1-4 parts of biological agent; the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of sophora flavescens, 20-40 parts of chinaberry fruit, 10-30 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 20-40 parts of pyrethrum.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the biological fermentation broth comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of peanut bran, 360-400 parts of molasses, 900-1000 parts of rice bran and 2-3 parts of biological agent.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, each gram of the biological agent includes: 80-200 million of bacillus subtilis, 70-150 million of bacillus licheniformis, 80-200 million of azotobacter chroococcum and 80-150 million of trichoderma harzianum.
As another preferred scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 25-35 parts of chinaberry fruit, 15-25 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 25-35 parts of pyrethrum.
As another preferred scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 30 parts of chinaberry fruit, 20 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 30 parts of pyrethrum.
Another object of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the foliar fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
weighing peanut bran, molasses, rice bran, biological agent, radix sophorae flavescentis, chinaberry seed, folium artemisiae argyi and pyrethrum in parts by weight for later use;
sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture;
mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture;
adding water into the second mixture, stirring, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid;
grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture;
soaking the third mixture in water, extracting and filtering by subcritical water extraction method, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese herbal medicine extractive solution;
and (3) mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of (2-4) to (1-2) to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
As another preferable mode of the embodiment of the present invention, in the step, the temperature of the sealed fermentation is not higher than 70 ℃.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the temperature of the subcritical water extraction method is 110-150 ℃, and the pressure is 1-5 MPa.
The embodiment of the invention also aims to provide the foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method.
The embodiment of the invention also aims to provide application of the foliar fertilizer in crop planting.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the foliar fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention completely meets the requirements of organic agricultural production standards, has the functions of high efficiency, environmental protection, no pollution, promotion of crop growth, prevention of plant diseases and insect pests and the like. Specifically, the foliar fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following effects in application through the creative improvement on the selection of production raw materials and the preparation process thereof and the mutual synergistic effect of organic matters, plant nutrient elements, beneficial microorganisms, insect-resistant and disease-resistant traditional Chinese medicine extracts and other components in the raw materials:
(1) the invention is prepared by selecting peanut bran with high nitrogen content, molasses with high potassium content, rice bran with high phosphorus content and biological agent, and can provide the nutrient elements required by plant growth to the maximum extent.
(2) The invention selects lightyellow sophora root, chinaberry fruit, Chinese mugwort leaf and pyrethrum, which are common and easily available medicinal materials, but all have exact effects of disease resistance and insect resistance, and the four raw materials together can play a role in cooperation and enhance the insect resistance and disease resistance of the medicinal materials.
(3) The invention adopts subcritical water extraction method to replace the traditional organic solvent extraction method, can reduce cost and environmental pollution, and can form Chinese herbal medicine into suspension liquid due to the adoption of the crushing technology, thereby enhancing the disease-resistant and insecticidal effects of the Chinese herbal medicine.
(4) The raw materials adopted by the invention have better solubility, dispersibility and compatibility, and the prepared foliar fertilizer solution is uniform, stable, green and harmless, does not generate precipitate, is easy to store, can be completely degraded, has no harmful residue, has no pollution to the environment, and is an environment-friendly fertilizer.
(5) The foliar fertilizer prepared by the invention is rich in a large amount of beneficial substances, including various beneficial microorganisms, amino acids, humic acid, fulvic acid and peptides, and not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also can enhance the stress resistance of plants and provide the quality of agricultural products.
(6) The foliar fertilizer completely meets the organic certification requirements, can be widely used for planting crops such as grains, vegetables, fruits, woods, tea leaves, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the like, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides, reduces the planting cost, improves the yield and quality of the crops and protects the environment.
(7) The invention combines plant nutrient substances and plant disease and insect pest resistant substances, achieves the effect of killing multiple birds with one stone, greatly saves the planting cost and improves the benefit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a foliar fertilizer, and a preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 300g of peanut bran, 300g of molasses, 800g of rice bran, 1g of biological agent, 200g of radix sophorae flavescentis, 200g of chinaberry fruit, 100g of folium artemisiae argyi and 200g of pyrethrum for later use. Wherein each gram of the biological agent approximately comprises: 80 hundred million bacillus subtilis, 70 hundred million bacillus licheniformis, 80 hundred million azotobacter chroococcum and 80 hundred million trichoderma harzianum.
(2) Sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture; specifically, the water content of the dried peanut bran and the rice bran needs to be controlled at 4%, and the crushed peanut bran and the rice bran need to be sieved by a 60-mesh sieve; the water content of the first mixture was 60%.
(3) Mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture; specifically, the sealed fermentation is carried out in a fermentation cylinder, the stirring is carried out once a day during the sealed fermentation, the temperature is controlled to be not higher than 70 ℃ until the temperature of the fermented product is not increased any more, namely the whole fermentation process is finished, and the fermented product obtained after the fermentation is finished is the second mixture.
(4) Adding 3 times of water by mass into the second mixture, stirring, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, applying the filtered residue into soil as compost, and collecting the filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid.
(5) Grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture; wherein, after grinding, 60-mesh sieve is needed.
(6) Soaking the third mixture in 2-5 times of water for 0.5 hr, extracting by subcritical water extraction under 1Mpa at 110 deg.C, filtering with 100 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese herbal extract.
(7) And mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a foliar fertilizer, and a preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 600g of peanut bran, 500g of molasses, 1100g of rice bran, 4g of biological agent, 400g of radix sophorae flavescentis, 400g of chinaberry seed, 300g of folium artemisiae argyi and 400g of pyrethrum for later use. Wherein each gram of the biological agent approximately comprises: 200 hundred million bacillus subtilis, 150 hundred million bacillus licheniformis, 200 hundred million azotobacter chroococcum and 150 hundred million trichoderma harzianum.
(2) Sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture; specifically, the water content of the dried peanut bran and the rice bran needs to be controlled at 8%, and the crushed peanut bran and the rice bran need to be sieved by a 60-mesh sieve; the water content of the first mixture was 65%.
(3) Mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture; specifically, the sealed fermentation is carried out in a fermentation cylinder, the stirring is carried out once a day during the sealed fermentation, the temperature is controlled to be not higher than 70 ℃ until the temperature of the fermented product is not increased any more, namely the whole fermentation process is finished, and the fermented product obtained after the fermentation is finished is the second mixture.
(4) Adding 10 times of water by mass into the second mixture, stirring, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, applying the filtered residue into soil as compost, and collecting the filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid.
(5) Grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture; wherein, after grinding, 60-mesh sieve is needed.
(6) Soaking the third mixture in 5 times of water for 1 hr, extracting by subcritical water extraction under 5Mpa at 150 deg.C, filtering with 120 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese medicinal extractive solution.
(7) And mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of 4:1 to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a foliar fertilizer, and a preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 400g of peanut bran, 400g of molasses, 900g of rice bran, 3g of biological agent, 250g of radix sophorae flavescentis, 250g of chinaberry seed, 150g of folium artemisiae argyi and 250g of pyrethrum for later use. Wherein each gram of the biological agent approximately comprises: 100 hundred million bacillus subtilis, 100 hundred million bacillus licheniformis, 100 hundred million azotobacter chroococcum and 100 hundred million trichoderma harzianum.
(2) Sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture; specifically, the water content of the dried peanut bran and the rice bran needs to be controlled at 6%, and the crushed peanut bran and the rice bran need to be sieved by a 60-mesh sieve; the water content of the first mixture was 62%.
(3) Mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture; specifically, the sealed fermentation is carried out in a fermentation cylinder, the stirring is carried out once a day during the sealed fermentation, the temperature is controlled to be not higher than 70 ℃ until the temperature of the fermented product is not increased any more, namely the whole fermentation process is finished, and the fermented product obtained after the fermentation is finished is the second mixture.
(4) Adding 6 times of water by mass into the second mixture, stirring, sieving with a 110-mesh sieve, applying the filtered residue to soil as compost, and collecting the filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid.
(5) Grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture; wherein, after grinding, 60-mesh sieve is needed.
(6) Soaking the third mixture in 3 times of water for 0.8 hr, extracting by subcritical water extraction under 3Mpa at 120 deg.C, filtering with 110 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese medicinal extractive solution.
(7) And mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a foliar fertilizer, and a preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 500g of peanut bran, 360g of molasses, 900g of rice bran, 2g of biological agent, 350g of radix sophorae flavescentis, 350g of chinaberry seed, 250g of folium artemisiae argyi and 350g of pyrethrum for later use. Wherein each gram of the biological agent approximately comprises: 150 hundred million bacillus subtilis, 120 hundred million bacillus licheniformis, 150 hundred million azotobacter chroococcum and 120 hundred million trichoderma harzianum.
(2) Sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture; specifically, the water content of the dried peanut bran and the rice bran needs to be controlled at 6%, and the crushed peanut bran and the rice bran need to be sieved by a 60-mesh sieve; the water content of the first mixture was 62%.
(3) Mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture; specifically, the sealed fermentation is carried out in a fermentation cylinder, the stirring is carried out once a day during the sealed fermentation, the temperature is controlled to be not higher than 70 ℃ until the temperature of the fermented product is not increased any more, namely the whole fermentation process is finished, and the fermented product obtained after the fermentation is finished is the second mixture.
(4) Adding 6 times of water by mass into the second mixture, stirring, sieving with a 110-mesh sieve, applying the filtered residue to soil as compost, and collecting the filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid.
(5) Grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture; wherein, after grinding, 60-mesh sieve is needed.
(6) Soaking the third mixture in 3 times of water for 0.8 hr, extracting by subcritical water extraction under 3Mpa at 120 deg.C, filtering with 110 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese medicinal extractive solution.
(7) And mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a foliar fertilizer, and a preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 400g of peanut bran, 360g of molasses, 900g of rice bran, 2g of biological agent, 300g of radix sophorae flavescentis, 300g of chinaberry fruit, 200g of folium artemisiae argyi and 300g of pyrethrum for later use. Wherein each gram of the biological agent approximately comprises: 120 hundred million bacillus subtilis, 120 hundred million bacillus licheniformis, 120 hundred million azotobacter chroococcum and 120 hundred million trichoderma harzianum.
(2) Sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture; specifically, the water content of the dried peanut bran and the rice bran needs to be controlled at 6%, and the crushed peanut bran and the rice bran need to be sieved by a 60-mesh sieve; the water content of the first mixture was 62%.
(3) Mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture; specifically, the sealed fermentation is carried out in a fermentation cylinder, the stirring is carried out once a day during the sealed fermentation, the temperature is controlled to be not higher than 70 ℃ until the temperature of the fermented product is not increased any more, namely the whole fermentation process is finished, and the fermented product obtained after the fermentation is finished is the second mixture.
(4) Adding 6 times of water by mass into the second mixture, stirring, sieving with a 110-mesh sieve, applying the filtered residue to soil as compost, and collecting the filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid.
(5) Grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture; wherein, after grinding, 60-mesh sieve is needed.
(6) Soaking the third mixture in 3 times of water for 0.8 hr, extracting by subcritical water extraction under 3Mpa at 120 deg.C, filtering with 110 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese medicinal extractive solution.
(7) And mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of 4:1 to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a foliar fertilizer, and a preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 500g of peanut bran, 400g of molasses, 1000g of rice bran, 3g of biological agent, 300g of radix sophorae flavescentis, 300g of chinaberry fruit, 200g of folium artemisiae argyi and 300g of pyrethrum for later use. Wherein each gram of the biological agent approximately comprises: 120 hundred million bacillus subtilis, 120 hundred million bacillus licheniformis, 120 hundred million azotobacter chroococcum and 120 hundred million trichoderma harzianum.
(2) Sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture; specifically, the water content of the dried peanut bran and the rice bran needs to be controlled at 6%, and the crushed peanut bran and the rice bran need to be sieved by a 60-mesh sieve; the water content of the first mixture was 62%.
(3) Mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture; specifically, the sealed fermentation is carried out in a fermentation cylinder, the stirring is carried out once a day during the sealed fermentation, the temperature is controlled to be not higher than 70 ℃ until the temperature of the fermented product is not increased any more, namely the whole fermentation process is finished, and the fermented product obtained after the fermentation is finished is the second mixture.
(4) Adding 6 times of water by mass into the second mixture, stirring, sieving with a 110-mesh sieve, applying the filtered residue to soil as compost, and collecting the filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid.
(5) Grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture; wherein, after grinding, 60-mesh sieve is needed.
(6) Soaking the third mixture in 3 times of water for 0.8 hr, extracting by subcritical water extraction under 3Mpa at 120 deg.C, filtering with 110 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese medicinal extractive solution.
(7) And mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
Firstly, planting comparison experiment of flowering cabbage:
wherein the comparative experiment was divided into two treatments, test and control, and three replicates were performed. In addition, the flowering cabbage is 49 flowering cabbages on the organic farm, and is planted in a plastic greenhouse, and the growth cycle is 35 days.
1. Test groups: the foliar fertilizer provided by the embodiment 5 is diluted by 800 times and then sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the flowering cabbage after 7 days and 15 days of planting respectively.
2. Control group: the planting mode and the management measures are the same as those of the test group except that the foliar fertilizer provided in the above example 5 is replaced by clear water.
Test results show that the leaf color of the leaf core sprayed with the foliar fertilizer provided by the embodiment 5 of the invention is darker green than that of a control group, and the leaf core is sweet and crisp in taste; wherein, the plant height of the test group is 10.5-16.8% higher than that of the control group, the stem thickness is 5.6-8.7% higher than that of the control group, the chlorophyll content is 4.7-6.5% higher than that of the control group, and the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced by 12.5-18.8% compared with that of the control group.
Secondly, a cucumber planting comparison experiment:
wherein the comparative experiment was divided into two treatments, test and control, and three replicates were performed. In addition, the cucumber is an organic farm acanthopanax papyriferus, and the growth cycle is 100 days.
1. Test groups: after the foliar fertilizer provided by the embodiment 6 is diluted by 1000 times, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed on cucumber leaf surfaces for three times after 15 days after field planting, fruit expansion period and first fruit harvesting.
2. Control group: the planting mode and the management measures are the same as those of the test group except that the foliar fertilizer provided in the above example 6 is replaced by clear water.
Test results show that the cucumber sprayed with the foliar fertilizer provided by the embodiment 6 of the invention has more vigorous growth vigor, more leaves, more dark green leaves and lower rate of deformed cucumber than the cucumber in a control group; wherein, the plant height of the test group is 11.6-15.3% higher than that of the control group, the number of leaves is 6.9-10.7% higher than that of the control group, the chlorophyll content is 5.9-7.1% higher than that of the control group, the misshapen melon rate is 13.4-17.2% lower than that of the control group, and the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is 15.6-20.9% lower than that of the control group.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The foliar fertilizer is characterized by comprising biological fermentation liquor and Chinese herbal medicine extract; the mass ratio of the biological fermentation liquid to the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution is (2-4) to (1-2); the biological fermentation liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-600 parts of peanut bran, 300-500 parts of molasses, 800-1100 parts of rice bran and 1-4 parts of biological agent; the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of sophora flavescens, 20-40 parts of chinaberry fruit, 10-30 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 20-40 parts of pyrethrum.
2. The foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the biological fermentation broth comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of peanut bran, 360-400 parts of molasses, 900-1000 parts of rice bran and 2-3 parts of biological agent.
3. A foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the biological agent comprises per gram: 80-200 million of bacillus subtilis, 70-150 million of bacillus licheniformis, 80-200 million of azotobacter chroococcum and 80-150 million of trichoderma harzianum.
4. The foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 25-35 parts of chinaberry fruit, 15-25 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 25-35 parts of pyrethrum.
5. The foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 30 parts of chinaberry fruit, 20 parts of folium artemisiae argyi and 30 parts of pyrethrum.
6. A preparation method of the foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing peanut bran, molasses, rice bran, biological agent, radix sophorae flavescentis, chinaberry seed, folium artemisiae argyi and pyrethrum in parts by weight for later use;
sequentially drying and crushing the peanut bran and the rice bran, mixing the peanut bran and the rice bran with the molasses, and adding water for stirring to obtain a first mixture;
mixing the biological agent with the first mixture, and then carrying out sealed fermentation to obtain a second mixture;
adding water into the second mixture, stirring, filtering, and collecting filtrate to obtain biological fermentation liquid;
grinding and mixing the radix sophorae flavescentis, the chinaberry fruit, the folium artemisiae argyi and the pyrethrum to obtain a third mixture;
soaking the third mixture in water, extracting and filtering by subcritical water extraction method, and collecting filtrate to obtain Chinese herbal medicine extractive solution;
and (3) mixing the biological fermentation liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution according to the mass ratio of (2-4) to (1-2) to obtain the foliar fertilizer.
7. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 6 wherein, in the step, the temperature of the sealed fermentation is not higher than 70 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step, the temperature of the subcritical water extraction method is 110-150 ℃, and the pressure is 1-5 MPa.
9. A foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. Use of a foliar feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 and claim 9 in crop planting.
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| CN112293140A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-02-02 | 云南博颂贸易有限公司 | High-yield planting method for grapes |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |