CN110892862A - Water culture cutting rapid propagation method for sassafras and application thereof - Google Patents
Water culture cutting rapid propagation method for sassafras and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110892862A CN110892862A CN201911272491.4A CN201911272491A CN110892862A CN 110892862 A CN110892862 A CN 110892862A CN 201911272491 A CN201911272491 A CN 201911272491A CN 110892862 A CN110892862 A CN 110892862A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid water culture cutting propagation method of sassafras, and particularly relates to the technical field of seedling culture. The method comprises the following steps: making a cutting water tank, selecting and processing cutting slips, and performing cutting and cutting management; the invention also provides an application of the sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method in rapid propagation of sassafras. The invention adopts a water culture method to perform annual semi-lignified shoot cuttage of the sassafras, can promote the cutting shoot to take root in advance, obviously improves the cuttage rooting efficiency of the sassafras, reduces the cuttage cost and is convenient to manage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant water culture cutting, and particularly relates to a sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method and application thereof.
Background
The safrole breeding mode mainly comprises seeding breeding, cuttage and tissue culture. The cuttage propagation can maintain the excellent characters of the mother trees, has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and the like, is the main mode of the sassafras asexual propagation,
at present, the cuttage propagation of sassafras has certain influence on the cuttage rooting of sassafras by selecting different cuttage matrixes, types and leaves of the sassafras, the sassafras has obvious age effect, and the cuttage rooting rate is obviously reduced along with the increase of the tree age. The invention provides a cuttage and rapid propagation method of sassafras by taking annual semi-lignified branches of sassafras as materials and adopting a water culture method, which can promote the sassafras to take roots in advance, improve the rooting rate and improve the cuttage propagation coefficient and efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method, which solves the technical problems of slow rooting, low rooting rate, high cost and unsatisfied production of sassafras by cutting.
The invention provides a sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method, which comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a cutting water tank:
selecting a land with better illumination conditions, downwards arranging a water tank, leveling and compacting the bottom, meanwhile, paving a waterproof film on the inner wall of the water tank, and then placing the plug tray filled with the cutting medium into the water tank for later use; wherein the cutting medium is vermiculite;
selecting and processing cutting slips:
selecting cutting slips: shearing an annual semi-lignified branch with the length of 20-25 cm and the thickness of 0.4-0.6 cm from a well-grown sassafras stock plant as the branch; wherein, the cutting shoot grows normally, the bud body is full, the internode length is uniform, no pest is harmful, no mechanical damage exists, and no water loss phenomenon exists;
and (3) cutting treatment: leaving 2-3 leaves at the top of the selected cutting, cutting the bottom of the selected cutting to form a parallel cut, removing the redundant leaves, then immersing the base of the cutting into clear water, and placing the cutting in a cool and moist place for later use;
cuttage and cuttage management
(1) Preparing before cuttage:
disinfecting a cutting medium: uniformly pouring the plug tray filled with the cutting matrix with a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% until water seeps out from the bottom of the plug tray, and standing for 24 hours;
and (3) disinfection of cutting slips: soaking the cutting slips in a carbendazim powder solution for 3-5 min; wherein the mass concentration of the carbendazim powder in the carbendazim powder solution is 0.5 percent;
and (3) cutting and rooting agent treatment: dipping one end of the disinfected cutting spike, which is provided with a cut at the bottom, in IBA (indolebutyric acid) solution, wherein the dipping depth is 3.0-5.0 cm, and the dipping time is 20-40 s; wherein the mass concentration of IBA in the IBA-containing solution is 3000 mg/L;
(2) cuttage: inserting the cutting slips dipped with IBA into a sterilized cutting medium, wherein the cutting depth is 4-5 cm; then injecting the water solution containing 0.5% of carbendazim agent by mass into a water tank, wherein the water depth is 4-5 cm and is 0.5-1.5 cm lower than the base part of the cutting shoot;
(3) cuttage management:
after the cutting of the cutting slips is finished, covering a thin film on the top of the water tank; and when the water solution is 2.0-2.5 cm lower than the liquid level of the primarily injected water solution, timely supplementing a culture solution containing 0.5% of carbendazim agent by mass fraction, simultaneously, timely cleaning rotten branches and leaves, and disinfecting the cutting shoots once every half month by using the 0.5% of carbendazim agent by mass fraction until the cutting shoots take roots and leave the nursery.
Preferably, a shading net is built around the cuttage water tank, the height of the shading net is 3-3.5 m, and the shading rate is 70-80%.
Preferably, the size of each hole in the hole disc is 6cm in upper aperture, 2.3cm in lower aperture and 11cm in depth.
Preferably, 2-3 leaves of the cutting slips are reserved at the selected top, the leaves are cut from the top before the cutting slips are disinfected, the length of the leaves is kept at 1/2, the cutting edges are tidy during leaf cutting, the left and the right are cut once, the leaves are kept flat, and terminal buds cannot be injured.
Preferably, the IBA solution formulation: weighing 1.5g of IBA with the purity of 99 percent, putting the IBA into a beaker, adding 300ml of medical alcohol with the mass concentration of 75 percent, dissolving the IBA, and then using ultrapure water to fix the volume to 500ml, thus obtaining the IBA solution with the mass concentration of 3000 mg/L.
Preferably, the cutting slips are dipped in the IBA solution after being taken out from the carbendazim powder solution before being dipped in the IBA solution and after the liquid on the surfaces of branches and leaves is slightly dried.
Preferably, after the cutting of the cutting slips is finished, when the film is covered on the top of the water tank, the distance between the film and the surface of the cutting seedling in the water tank is 30-40 cm.
Preferably, the top of the tank is covered with a film, so that the film is well sealed, and the film is ensured to have aerial fog in the water culture process.
The invention also provides an application of the sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method in rapid propagation of sassafras.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the conventional cuttage, the cuttage of the annual semi-lignified shoots of the sassafras is carried out by adopting the water culture method, so that the cutting slips can be promoted to take roots in advance, the cuttage rooting efficiency of the sassafras is obviously improved, and the cuttage cost is reduced.
The invention can promote the sassafras to take root in advance by a water culture root-forcing method, obviously improves the cuttage rooting and reproduction capacity of the sassafras, is convenient to manage, and has great significance for promoting the rapid development of sassafras dwarf forest cultivation in China.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of rooting of a cutting shoot by the sassafras water culture method provided in example 3, wherein fig. 1(a) is a photograph of the base of the cutting shoot full of callus after 20d of cutting, and fig. 1(b) is a photograph of the adventitious root after 25d of cutting.
Fig. 2 is photographs of rooting of conventional cutting slips provided in comparative example 1, wherein fig. 2(a) is a photograph of enlargement of the base of the cutting slip after 20d of cutting, and fig. 2(b) is a photograph of emergence of adventitious roots after 35d of cutting.
Fig. 3 is a photograph of the root growth 2 months after cuttage in example 3 and comparative example 1, wherein fig. 3(a) is a photograph of the root growth 2 months after cuttage in example 3, and fig. 3(b) is a photograph of the root growth 2 months after cuttage in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto. The experimental procedures, which are not specifically mentioned in the following examples, were carried out according to the conventional methods and conditions in the art.
Example 1
A sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method comprises the following steps:
s1 cutting water tank manufacturing method
Selecting a land with good illumination condition, downwards arranging a water tank according to the standard of 120cm in width, 12m in length and 15cm in depth, leveling and compacting the bottom, meanwhile, paving a waterproof film on the inner wall of the water tank, and then placing a plug tray filled with a cutting matrix into the water tank for later use; wherein, the length and width of the hole disk are 54 multiplied by 28cm, the size of each hole is 6cm of upper aperture, 2.3cm of lower aperture and 11cm of depth; the cutting medium is vermiculite; meanwhile, a shading net is built around the cuttage water tank, the height of the shading net is 3m, and the shading rate is 70%.
S2 cutting selection and treatment
Selecting cutting slips: before ten hours in the morning on a sunny day, cutting annual semi-lignified branches which are 20cm long and 0.4cm thick, have normal growth, full buds, uniform internode length, no diseases and insects, no mechanical damage and no water loss phenomenon from well-grown sassafras stock plants as cuttings, uniformly placing the cuttings in a container, spraying water on the leaf surfaces of the cuttings by using a spraying pot, and filling 5 cm-deep clear water at the bottom of the container to facilitate moisture preservation and seedling preservation, wherein each container is marked;
and (3) cutting treatment: the method comprises the steps of collecting selected cutting slips to a shade place for processing, enabling 2 leaves to be left at the top, enabling the bottom to be cut to form a parallel cut, removing redundant leaves, aligning top buds of branches, bundling the branches according to 30 branches, paying attention to the fact that the branches are not damaged when the leaves are removed, the epidermis cannot be peeled off, immersing the base portions of the cut slips which are well trimmed in clear water, placing the base portions of the cut slips in a shade and moist place for later use, cutting the leaves from the top of each bundle of cutting slips before cutting, keeping the length of the leaves 1/2, trimming the cut edges regularly when the leaves are trimmed, keeping the leaves flat and incapable of damaging the top buds when the leaves are trimmed from the bottom of each bundle, ensuring that the branches are consistent in length, the length is preferably 15cm, the minimum length is not less than 10cm, the scissors are sharp, the cut edges are flat cuts, and the branches are not damaged.
S3 cuttage and management
(1) Preparing before cuttage:
disinfecting a cutting medium: uniformly spraying the plug tray filled with the cutting matrix provided by the S1 with a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% until water seeps out of the bottom of the plug tray, and standing for 24 hours;
and (3) disinfection of cutting slips: soaking the cutting slips provided by the S2 in a carbendazim powder solution with the mass concentration of 0.5% for 3min, wherein the effective component of the carbendazim powder is 40%;
and (3) cutting and rooting agent treatment: dipping one end of the disinfected cutting spike, which is provided with a cut at the bottom, into IBA solution, wherein the dipping depth is 3.0cm, and the dipping time is 20 s; wherein the mass concentration of IBA in the solution containing IBA (indolebutyric acid) is 3000 mg/L; specifically, preparing an IBA solution: weighing 1.5g of IBA (isobutyl alcohol) with the purity of 99 percent, putting the IBA into a beaker, adding 300ml of medical alcohol with the mass concentration of 75 percent, dissolving the IBA, and then using ultrapure water to fix the volume to 500ml to obtain IBA solution with the mass concentration of 3000 mg/L;
before dipping the cutting in the IBA solution, taking the cutting out of the carbendazim powder solution, and dipping the cutting in the IBA solution after the liquid on the surfaces of the branches and leaves is slightly dry.
(2) Cuttage: inserting the cutting slips dipped with IBA into a sterilized cutting medium, wherein the cutting depth is 4 cm; then injecting the water solution containing 0.5 percent of carbendazim agent by mass into a water tank, wherein the water depth is 4cm and is 0.5cm lower than the base part of the cutting shoot; wherein, when the cutting is carried out, the matrix is slightly compacted by fingers to prevent the base part of the cutting from loosening, and the requirements of no inverted planting, no inclined cutting, no suspension, no bud damage and no skin scratching are met.
(3) Cuttage management:
after cutting of the cutting slips, covering a thin film on the top of the water tank, specifically, weaving bamboo with the length of 2m and the width of 2cm into a semicircular arch frame with the diameter of the width of a cutting bed, respectively pressing a branch arch frame at two ends of a furrow, then erecting the arch frame at intervals of one meter, wherein the arch frame is required to be proper in hardness, uniform in stress and regular in curvature, and the top end of the arch frame is about 30cm from the leaf surface of the cutting seedling; then covering a film, compacting the periphery by using soil, and flattening the surface without wrinkles;
in the daily water culture process, when the water solution is lower than the liquid level of the primarily injected water solution by 2.0cm, a culture solution containing 0.5 percent of carbendazim agent is supplemented in time, simultaneously, rotten leaves of dead branches are cleared in time, and the cutting shoots are disinfected once every half month by the 0.5 percent of carbendazim agent until the cutting shoots take roots and leave the nursery.
Example 2
A sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method comprises the following steps:
s1 cutting water tank manufacturing method
Selecting a land with good illumination condition, downwards arranging a water tank according to the standard of 120cm in width, 12m in length and 15cm in depth, leveling and compacting the bottom, meanwhile, paving a waterproof film on the inner wall of the water tank, and then placing a plug tray filled with a cutting matrix into the water tank for later use; wherein, the length and width of the hole disk are 54 multiplied by 28cm, the size of each hole is 6cm of upper aperture, 2.3cm of lower aperture and 11cm of depth; the cutting medium is vermiculite; meanwhile, a shading net is built around the cuttage water tank, the height of the shading net is 3.5m, and the shading rate is 80%.
S2 cutting selection and treatment
Selecting cutting slips: before ten hours in the morning on a sunny day, cutting annual semi-lignified branches which are 25cm long and 0.6cm thick, have normal growth, full buds, uniform internode length, no diseases and insects, no mechanical damage and no water loss phenomenon from well-grown sassafras stock plants as cuttings, uniformly placing the cuttings in a container, spraying water on the leaf surfaces of the cuttings by using a spraying pot, and filling 5 cm-deep clear water at the bottom of the container to facilitate moisture preservation and seedling preservation, wherein each container is marked;
and (3) cutting treatment: the method comprises the steps of collecting selected cutting slips to a shade place for processing, enabling 3 leaves to be left at the top, enabling the bottom to be cut to form a parallel cut, removing redundant leaves, aligning top buds of branches, bundling the branches according to 30 branches, paying attention to the fact that the branches are not damaged when the leaves are removed, the epidermis cannot be peeled off, immersing the base portions of the cut slips which are well trimmed in clear water, placing the base portions of the cut slips in a shade and moist place for later use, cutting the leaves from the top of each bundle of cutting slips before cutting, keeping the length of the leaves 1/2, trimming the cut edges regularly when the leaves are trimmed, keeping the leaves flat and incapable of damaging the top buds when the leaves are trimmed from the bottom of each bundle, ensuring that the branches are consistent in length, the length is preferably 15cm, the minimum length is not less than 10cm, the scissors are sharp, the cut edges are flat cuts, and the branches are not damaged.
S3 cuttage and management
(1) Preparing before cuttage:
disinfecting a cutting medium: uniformly spraying the plug tray filled with the cutting matrix provided by the S1 with a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% until water seeps out of the bottom of the plug tray, and standing for 24 hours;
and (3) disinfection of cutting slips: soaking the cutting slips provided by the S2 in a carbendazim powder solution with the mass concentration of 0.5% for 3min, wherein the effective component of the carbendazim powder is 40%;
and (3) cutting and rooting agent treatment: dipping one end of the disinfected cutting spike, which is provided with the notch at the bottom, into IBA solution, wherein the dipping depth is 5.0cm, and the dipping time is 40 s; wherein the mass concentration of IBA in the IBA-containing solution is 3000 mg/L; preparing a specific IBA solution: weighing 1.5g of IBA with the purity of 99 percent, putting the IBA into a beaker, adding 300ml of medical alcohol with the mass concentration of 75 percent, dissolving the IBA, and then using ultrapure water to fix the volume to 500ml, thus obtaining IBA solution with the mass concentration of 3000 mg/L;
before dipping the cutting in the IBA solution, taking the cutting out of the carbendazim powder solution, and dipping the cutting in the IBA solution after the liquid on the surfaces of the branches and leaves is slightly dry.
(2) Cuttage: inserting the cutting slips dipped with IBA into a sterilized cutting medium, wherein the cutting depth is 5 cm; then injecting the water solution containing 0.5 percent of carbendazim agent by mass into a water tank, wherein the water depth is 5cm and is 1.5cm lower than the base part of the cutting shoot; wherein, when the cutting is carried out, the matrix is slightly compacted by fingers to prevent the base part of the cutting from loosening, and the requirements of no inverted planting, no inclined cutting, no suspension, no bud damage and no skin scratching are met.
(3) Cuttage management:
after cutting of the cutting slips is finished, covering a thin film on the top of the water tank, specifically, weaving bamboo with the length of 2m and the width of 2cm into a semicircular arch frame with the diameter of the width of a cutting bed, respectively pressing a branch of arch frame at two ends of a furrow, then erecting the arch frame at intervals of one meter, wherein the arch frame is required to be proper in hardness, uniform in stress and regular in curvature, and the top end of the arch frame is about 40 cm from the leaf surface of the cutting seedling; then covering a film, compacting the periphery by using soil, and flattening the surface without wrinkles;
in the daily water culture process, when the water solution is lower than the liquid level of the primarily injected water solution by 2.5cm, a culture solution containing 0.5% of carbendazim agent is supplemented in time, simultaneously, rotten leaves of dead branches are cleared in time, and the cutting shoots are disinfected once every half month by the 0.5% of carbendazim agent until the cutting shoots take roots and leave the nursery.
Example 3
A sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method comprises the following steps:
s1 cutting water tank manufacturing method
Selecting a land with good illumination condition, downwards arranging a water tank according to the standard of 120cm in width, 12m in length and 15cm in depth, leveling and compacting the bottom, meanwhile, paving a waterproof film on the inner wall of the water tank, and then placing a plug tray filled with a cutting matrix into the water tank for later use; wherein, the length and width of the hole disk are 54 multiplied by 28cm, the size of each hole is 6cm of upper aperture, 2.3cm of lower aperture and 11cm of depth; the cutting medium is vermiculite; meanwhile, a shading net is built around the cuttage water tank, the height of the shading net is 3m, and the shading rate is 75%.
S2 cutting selection and treatment
Selecting cutting slips: before ten hours in the morning on a sunny day, cutting annual semi-lignified branches which are 23cm long and 0.5cm thick, have normal growth, full buds, uniform internode length, no diseases and insects, no mechanical damage and no water loss phenomenon from well-grown sassafras stock plants as cuttings, uniformly placing the cuttings in a container, spraying water on the leaf surfaces of the cuttings by using a spraying pot, and filling 5 cm-deep clear water at the bottom of the container to facilitate moisture preservation and seedling preservation, wherein each container is marked;
and (3) cutting treatment: the method comprises the steps of collecting selected cutting slips to a shade place for processing, enabling 3 leaves to be left at the top, enabling the bottom to be cut to form a parallel cut, removing redundant leaves, aligning top buds of branches, bundling the branches according to 30 branches, paying attention to the fact that the branches are not damaged when the leaves are removed, the epidermis cannot be peeled off, immersing the base portions of the cut slips which are well trimmed in clear water, placing the base portions of the cut slips in a shade and moist place for later use, cutting the leaves from the top of each bundle of cutting slips before cutting, keeping the length of the leaves 1/2, trimming the cut edges regularly when the leaves are trimmed, keeping the leaves flat and incapable of damaging the top buds when the leaves are trimmed from the bottom of each bundle, ensuring that the branches are consistent in length, the length is preferably 15cm, the minimum length is not less than 10cm, the scissors are sharp, the cut edges are flat cuts, and the branches are not damaged.
S3 cuttage and management
(1) Preparing before cuttage:
disinfecting a cutting medium: uniformly spraying the plug tray filled with the cutting matrix provided by the S1 with a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% until water seeps out of the bottom of the plug tray, and standing for 24 hours;
and (3) disinfection of cutting slips: soaking the cutting slips provided by the S2 in a carbendazim powder solution with the mass concentration of 0.5% for 4min, wherein the effective component of the carbendazim powder is 40%;
and (3) cutting and rooting agent treatment: dipping one end of the disinfected cutting spike, which is provided with the notch at the bottom, into IBA solution, wherein the dipping depth is 4.0cm, and the dipping time is 30 s; wherein the mass concentration of IBA in the IBA-containing solution is 3000 mg/L; specifically, preparing an IBA solution: weighing 1.5g of IBA with the purity of 99 percent, putting the IBA into a beaker, adding 300ml of medical alcohol with the mass concentration of 75 percent, dissolving the IBA, and then using ultrapure water to fix the volume to 500ml, thus obtaining IBA solution with the mass concentration of 3000 mg/L;
before dipping the cutting in the IBA solution, taking the cutting out of the carbendazim powder solution, and dipping the cutting in the IBA solution after the liquid on the surfaces of the branches and leaves is slightly dry.
(2) Cuttage: inserting the cutting slips dipped with IBA into a sterilized cutting medium, wherein the cutting depth is 4.5 cm; then injecting the water solution containing 0.5 percent of carbendazim agent by mass into a water tank, wherein the water depth is 4.5cm and is 1cm lower than the base of the cutting shoot; wherein, when the cutting is carried out, the matrix is slightly compacted by fingers to prevent the base part of the cutting from loosening, and the requirements of no inverted planting, no inclined cutting, no suspension, no bud damage and no skin scratching are met.
(3) Cuttage management:
after cutting of the cutting slips is finished, covering a thin film on the top of the water tank, specifically, weaving bamboo with the length of 2m and the width of 2cm into a semicircular arch frame with the diameter of the width of a cutting bed, respectively pressing a branch of arch frame at two ends of a furrow, then erecting the arch frame at intervals of one meter, wherein the arch frame is required to be proper in hardness, uniform in stress and regular in curvature, and the top end of the arch frame is about 35 cm from the surface of the cutting seedling leaf; then covering a film, compacting the periphery by using soil, and flattening the surface without wrinkles;
in the daily water culture process, when the water solution is lower than 2.0cm below the liquid level of the primarily injected water solution, a culture solution containing 0.5% of carbendazim is supplemented in time, simultaneously, rotten leaves of dead branches are cleaned in time, the cutting slips are disinfected once every half month by the 0.5% of carbendazim until the cutting slips take roots out of the nursery, in addition, the seedling hardening is carried out 10 days before the cutting slips are out of the nursery, the film is firstly uncovered in the daytime and covered at night, the film is fully opened in the daytime and in the nighttime after 3 days, the sunshade net is completely uncovered after the film is uncovered for hardening for one week, and the cutting slips can be taken out of the nursery in the range of more than 3 days after the film is naturally hardened.
Comparative example 1
The conventional cuttage method is adopted, and the sassafras water culture cuttage method is different from the embodiment 1 in that:
s1 manufacturing of slotting machine
The cuttage bed is in the east-west direction, 1.6m in width, 12-15 m in length, 25-30 cm in width of a footpath, 3-5 cm thick fine river sand is paved at the bottom of the bed, a cuttage matrix is paved in the middle of the surface layer, the thickness is 3-5 cm, the width is 1.4m, 10cm is reserved on each side, and smooth drainage is realized on the periphery, so that the cuttage bed is obtained;
arranging 25 non-woven bags filled with cutting matrixes on each row of the cutting bed, wherein each bag is required to be squeezed tightly when being placed, the bags are placed in a way of being opposite to each other between rows without gaps, the surface is flat, and side lines are regular; wherein the non-woven fabric bag has a length and width of 9cm × 11cm, a diameter of 5cm, and a height of 9 cm.
S2 shoot picking and pruning
Completing branch collection before ten hours in the morning on sunny days, and collecting annual semi-lignified branches with normal growth and full buds from a well-grown mother plant; collected ear strips are uniformly placed in a container, and the leaf surfaces of the cutting ears are sprayed with water by a spray can;
the bottom of the container is filled with clear water with the depth of 5cm, so as to be beneficial to moisturizing and seedling preservation; marking each container, collecting the scion, concentrating the scion to a shade place for treatment, leaving 2-3 half leaves of the nutrition leaves at the top of the cutting, removing the rest leaves, and enabling the cutting to be about 15cm long.
S3 cuttage
Uniformly spraying a cuttage bed with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution before cuttage until water seeps out of the cloth bag;
soaking the pruned cutting slips in IBA solution for 30s, slightly drying the surface with the cutting slips, vertically cutting the cutting slips into a non-woven fabric bag filled with a matrix, and requiring axillary buds of the cutting slips to be exposed out of the surface of the matrix; wherein the mass concentration of IBA in the IBA-containing solution is 3000 mg/L; specifically, preparing an IBA solution: weighing 1.5g IBA (isobutyl alcohol) with the purity of 99 percent, putting the IBA into a beaker, adding 300ml of medical alcohol with the mass concentration of 75 percent, dissolving the IBA, and then using ultrapure water to fix the volume to 500ml, thus obtaining the IBA solution with the mass concentration of 3000 mg/L.
(4) Post-cuttage management
The plastic film arched tent is adopted to keep the humidity and the temperature in the slotting machine, sunshade nets are arranged around the plastic film arched tent to avoid direct strong light, the transpiration effect of the blades is too large, and the water of the slotting strips is lost;
sterilizing a cutting substrate and cutting slips by using 0.5% carbendazim solution before cutting, sterilizing every 15 days after cutting, and keeping a cutting bed clean until the cutting bed roots and leaves the nursery;
hardening seedlings 10 days before outplanting, namely uncovering the film on the night in the day, and opening the film all day and night after 3 days; after the film is uncovered and the seedlings are hardened for one week, the sunshade net is completely uncovered, and the seedlings can be outplanted after being naturally hardened for more than 3 days. Wherein, the height of the sunshade net is about 3m, and the shading degree is 75%.
In the sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method provided in each of embodiments 1 to 3, since the effects of the sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method provided in embodiments 1 to 3 are substantially parallel, only the sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method provided in embodiment 3 is taken as an example, and the effect of the present invention is explained by taking the cutting method provided in comparative example 1 as a control.
Test results and analysis
By adopting the sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method provided in example 3 and the cutting method provided in comparative example 1, the change condition of the cutting is randomly checked every week after cutting, especially the morphological change of the base is noticed, the rooting and growth conditions are counted after 2 months of cutting, including rooting rate, root number, root length, root thickness, root volume, root fresh weight, shoot length, branch number and the like, the root length, plant height and shoot length are measured by a metric ruler, the root thickness is measured by a vernier caliper, and the root volume measuring method is as follows: firstly, a measuring cylinder is used for containing a certain volume of water, then the root system is immersed in the water of the measuring cylinder, and the difference of the two volumes is the root volume. The experimental data are shown in Table 1, and the rooting data of example 3 and comparative example 1 are analyzed.
TABLE 1 example 3 and comparative example 1 statistical rooting and growth after 2 months
Note: different lower case letters after the same column of data in the table indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05).
As can be seen from table 1, the cutting by the water culture method adopted in example 3 can promote the cutting to take root in advance, compared with the conventional cutting adopted in comparative example 1, the cutting can take root in advance for two weeks, the rooting rate and the root number are significantly higher than those of the conventional cutting, and the water culture method is further better than the conventional cutting, as shown in fig. 1-2. The rooting effect of the cuttage by the water culture method is obviously better than that of the conventional cuttage, the rooting rate, the root number and the new branch length of the cuttage cuttings by the water culture method are obviously higher than those of the conventional cuttage, the difference between the root length, the root thickness, the fresh weight of the root and the branch number of the cuttage cuttings is not obvious from the conventional cuttage, and the growth vigor of the rooted seedlings is obviously better than that of the conventional cuttage, as shown in figure 3.
Various modifications and variations of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
manufacturing a cutting water tank:
selecting a land with better illumination conditions, downwards arranging a water tank, leveling and compacting the bottom, meanwhile, paving a waterproof film on the inner wall of the water tank, and then placing the plug tray filled with the cutting medium into the water tank for later use; wherein the cutting medium is vermiculite;
selecting and processing cutting slips:
selecting cutting slips: shearing an annual semi-lignified branch with the length of 20-25 cm and the thickness of 0.4-0.6 cm from a well-grown sassafras stock plant as a cutting shoot; wherein the selected cutting shoots grow normally, the buds are full, the internode length is uniform, no diseases and pests are harmful, no mechanical damage is caused, and no water loss phenomenon exists;
and (3) cutting treatment: leaving 2-3 leaves at the top of the selected cutting, cutting the bottom of the selected cutting to form a parallel cut, removing the redundant leaves, then immersing the base of the cutting into clear water, and placing the cutting in a cool and moist place for later use;
cuttage and management:
(1) preparing before cuttage:
disinfecting a cutting medium: uniformly pouring the plug tray filled with the cutting matrix with a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% until water seeps out from the bottom of the plug tray, and standing for 24 hours;
and (3) disinfection of cutting slips: soaking the cutting slips in a carbendazim powder solution for 3-5 min; wherein the mass concentration of the carbendazim powder in the carbendazim powder solution is 0.5 percent;
and (3) cutting and rooting agent treatment: dipping one end of the disinfected cutting spike, which is provided with a cut at the bottom, in IBA solution, wherein the dipping depth is 3.0-5.0 cm, and the dipping time is 20-40 s; wherein the mass concentration of IBA in the IBA-containing solution is 3000 mg/L;
(2) cuttage: inserting the cutting slips dipped with IBA into a sterilized cutting medium, wherein the cutting depth is 4-5 cm; then injecting the water solution containing 0.5% of carbendazim agent by mass into a water tank, wherein the water depth is 4-5 cm and is 0.5-1.5 cm lower than the base part of the cutting shoot;
(3) cuttage management:
after the cutting of the cutting slips is finished, covering a thin film on the top of the water tank; and when the water solution is 2.0-2.5 cm lower than the liquid level of the primarily injected water solution, timely supplementing a culture solution containing 0.5% of carbendazim agent by mass fraction, simultaneously, timely cleaning rotten branches and leaves, and disinfecting the cutting shoots once every half month by using the 0.5% of carbendazim agent by mass fraction until the cutting shoots take roots and leave the nursery.
2. The sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1, wherein a shading net is built around the cutting water tank, the height of the shading net is 3-3.5 m, and the shading rate is 70-80%.
3. The sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1, wherein the size of each hole in the hole disc is 6cm in upper aperture, 2.3cm in lower aperture and 11cm in depth.
4. The sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1, wherein 2-3 leaves of the cutting slips are reserved at the selected top, the leaves are cut from the top before the cutting slips are disinfected, the length of the leaves is kept at 1/2, the cut is neat, the left and the right are cut once, the leaves are kept flat, and the terminal buds cannot be injured.
5. The sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1, wherein the IBA solution is prepared by: weighing 1.5g of IBA with the purity of 99 percent, putting the IBA into a beaker, adding 300ml of medical alcohol with the mass concentration of 75 percent, dissolving the IBA, and then using ultrapure water to fix the volume to 500ml, thus obtaining the IBA solution with the mass concentration of 3000 mg/L.
6. The sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting slips are dipped in the IBA solution after being taken out from the carbendazim powder solution and after the liquid on the surfaces of branches and leaves is slightly dried.
7. The sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1, wherein after cutting of the cutting slips, when a film is covered on the top of the water tank, the distance between the film and the leaf surface of the cutting slips in the water tank is 30-40 cm.
8. The sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1, wherein a thin film is covered at the top of the groove, so that the thin film is well sealed, and aerial fog is ensured in the thin film in the water culture process.
9. The application of the sassafras water culture cutting rapid propagation method according to claim 1 in rapid propagation of sassafras.
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