CN110810033A

CN110810033A - Facility grape twig cuttage method

Info

Publication number: CN110810033A
Application number: CN201911041352.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王继杰; 苏鹏; 陈东
Original assignee: Ningxia Thriving Nursery Stock Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ningxia Thriving Nursery Stock Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2019-10-30
Publication date: 2020-02-21

Abstract

The invention provides a grape twig cuttage method in a facility, and belongs to the technical field of grape propagation. The method is characterized in that 4 times of twig cuttage is carried out on seedlings in a maternal garden within 1 year, the seedling rate of each cuttage is improved through adapting nutrient soil, establishing a seedling raising hotbed, a reasonable pruning cuttage method and a management method after cuttage, the seedling rate of the first and second times of twig cuttage reaches more than 85%, the seedling rate of the third time of twig cuttage reaches more than 80%, the seedling rate of the fourth time of twig cuttage reaches more than 75%, and the comprehensive twig cuttage propagation coefficient can reach 24.5.

Description

Facility grape twig cuttage method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of grape propagation, and particularly relates to a method for cutting grape twigs in a facility.

Background

The grape nursery stock breeding method mainly comprises a cuttage method and a grafting method. The traditional cutting seedling raising is carried out in open field, and the survival rate of propagation is generally low. In recent years, the seedling raising method has the advantages of high propagation coefficient, short seedling raising period, time and labor saving and low cost.

According to the cuttage method for grape twigs provided in the prior art, young twigs are selected as cutting slips before cuttage, the cuttage is carried out in 3-4 months and 9-10 months, high temperature in summer is avoided, semi-lignified strong branches growing and developing fully in the current year are cut and cut into 2-3 bud branch sections, 1-2 leaves are reserved on the upper 1-3 branch sections to serve as the cutting slips, in order to improve the cuttage survival rate, 2% naphthylacetic acid or 1% ABT rooting powder solution can be used for soaking for 6-8 seconds, then the cutting branches are taken out immediately to promote rooting and multiple roots, all advantages of parent plants are reserved, the growth of new plants in cuttage propagation is fast, and the purposes of high yield and high quality are achieved. However, the cuttage method for grape twigs can only carry out propagation for 1 or 2 times per year, has low propagation coefficient and slow propagation speed, easily causes low purity of grape seedling varieties and outstanding plant diseases and insect pests, and cannot meet the propagation requirements of rapid propagation and variety continuation of dominant grape varieties.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a facility grape twig cuttage method, which aims to solve the technical problems of low propagation coefficient, low propagation speed, low grape variety purity and prominent plant diseases and insect pests easily caused in the grape seedling cuttage process in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a method for grape twig cuttage in a facility comprises the following steps:

a. selecting a seedling raising base, wherein the seedling raising base is selected to be a land which is flat in terrain, convenient to drain and irrigate, mainly comprises loam or sandy loam soil, moderate in pH value and has no fruit trees or fruit tree seedlings planted;

b. constructing a female parent garden, selecting pure virus-free grape seedling wood strips, establishing the female parent garden in a facility greenhouse by using grape seedling hard branches, and cutting 2-3 buds in winter in the current year;

c. establishing and treating a seedbed, preparing nutrient soil according to the weight ratio of river sand, loam and decomposed organic fertilizer of (1.5-2): 7-7.5): 1, paving the nutrient soil into a twig cutting seedbed, thoroughly watering the twig cutting seedbed, and sterilizing;

d. carrying out first twig cuttage, heating, fertilizing and irrigating the mother plant garden from 1 month to 2 months in the next year, leaving 2 new shoots of the mother plant in the growth process, cutting 2 first cuttage twigs from the new shoots of the mother plant in the last 3 months, dipping rooting agent, carrying out cuttage on the twigs on a seedling bed for cuttage, watering, carrying out management after cuttage, and leaving 3 new shoots in the growth process;

e. carrying out secondary twig cuttage, wherein the length of a new branch of the first-time cuttage twig reaches more than 60cm in the 5 th day of the same year, cutting off the second-time cuttage twig from the new branch with better growth vigor of the first-time cuttage twig, reserving 1 branch with weaker growth vigor, dipping the second-time cuttage twig in a rooting agent, carrying out cuttage on the twig cuttage seedbed, watering, carrying out management after cuttage, and reserving 2 new branches in the growth process;

f. carrying out third-time twig cuttage, wherein in the last 7 months of the same year, the length of a new branch of the second-time twig for cuttage reaches more than 60cm, cutting off the third-time twig from the new branch with better growth vigor of the second-time twig, reserving 1 branch with weaker growth vigor, dipping the third-time twig for cuttage on a shoot cutting seedbed after dipping a rooting agent, watering, managing after cuttage, and reserving 2 new branches in the growth process;

g. and (3) carrying out twig cuttage for the 4 th time, wherein the length of a new branch of the twig subjected to the third time cuttage reaches more than 60cm in the last ten days of 9 months in the same year, cutting off the twig subjected to the fourth time cuttage from the new branch with better growth vigor of the twig subjected to the third time cuttage, reserving 1 branch with weaker growth vigor, dipping the twig subjected to the fourth time cuttage in a rooting agent, carrying out cuttage on the twig cuttage seedbed, watering, carrying out management after cuttage, and reserving 1 new branch in the growth process.

Preferably, in the step e, 4-6 second-time cutting twigs are cut from the new twigs with better growth vigor of the first-time cutting twigs; in the step f, cutting 4-6 third-time cutting twigs from the new twigs with good growth vigor of the second-time cutting twigs; and g, cutting 4-6 fourth-time cutting twigs from the new twigs with good growth vigor of the third-time cutting twigs.

Preferably, the rooting agent is ABT rooting powder.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the river sand, the loam and the decomposed organic fertilizer in the nutrient soil is 2:7: 1.

Preferably, the twig cuttage seedbed includes bed basic unit, insulating layer, moisturizing layer, heat preservation, zone of heating and rooting zone, the insulating layer is laid in on the bed basic unit, moisturizing layer lid is located on the insulating layer, the heat preservation covers and locates on the moisturizing layer, the zone of heating bury underground in the heat preservation with between the rooting zone.

Preferably, the post-cuttage management comprises controlling the temperature in the facility not to exceed 30 ℃, keeping the relative humidity in the facility not lower than 80%, fertilizing, spraying the medicament and hardening the seedlings.

Preferably, the specific method of the "sterilization treatment" is: uniformly spraying 0.2% potassium permanganate solution on the surface of the twig cutting seedbed twice continuously, covering the surface of the twig cutting seedbed with a film, exposing the surface to the sun for two days, opening the film of the twig cutting seedbed, performing spray sterilization by using 0.125% carbendazim and 0.1% chlorothalonil, and finally spraying and washing 3 times by using clear water.

Preferably, in the steps d to g, watering is carried out once every 3 to 5 days for 3 to 5 hours each time.

Preferably, in steps d to g, the method for cutting the next tender branch from the new branch with better growth vigor in the previous time is as follows: selecting semi-lignified branches on healthy plants without diseases and insect pests, reserving 2 buds or 3 buds, horizontally shearing the upper ends of the semi-lignified branches at a position 2 cm-3 cm away from the buds, obliquely shearing the lower ends of the semi-lignified branches at a position 1 cm-2 cm away from the buds, and enabling the shearing openings to be smooth; and (3) reserving the upper leaves of the secondary tender branches, cutting 1/3-1/2 of the area of the leaves, and cutting the middle and lower leaves together with the leaf stalks and tendrils.

Preferably, in steps d to g, the method for cutting the current twig on the twig cutting seedbed comprises the following steps: according to the plant spacing of 5-8 cm and the row spacing of 10-15 cm, punching 2-3 cm deep inserting holes on the shoot cutting seedbed, dipping the secondary shoots into a rooting agent, inserting the secondary shoots into the inserting holes, spraying water until the bed surface of the shoot cutting seedbed is wet after the cutting is finished, and hanging water drops on the leaves reserved on the upper part.

According to the technical scheme, the invention provides a grape twig cuttage method in a facility, which has the beneficial effects that: the method is characterized in that 4 times of twig cuttage is carried out on seedlings in a maternal garden within 1 year, the seedling rate of each cuttage is improved through adapting nutrient soil, establishing a seedling raising hotbed, a reasonable pruning cuttage method and a management method after cuttage, the seedling rate of the first and second times of twig cuttage reaches more than 85%, the seedling rate of the third time of twig cuttage reaches more than 80%, the seedling rate of the fourth time of twig cuttage reaches more than 75%, and the comprehensive twig cuttage propagation coefficient can reach 24.5.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for the shoot cutting of grapes in a facility.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a shoot cutting seedbed.

In the figure: a twig cuttage seedbed 10, a bed base layer 100, a heat insulation layer 200, a moisture preservation layer 300, a heat preservation layer 400, a heating layer 500, a rooting layer 600, a root zone covering layer 700 and a humidifying layer 800.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification of the present invention, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are only for better understanding of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a method for grape twig cutting in a facility is used to implement grape twig cutting in a facility, such as a greenhouse, and to improve the seedling rate and the comprehensive twig cutting propagation coefficient of the twig cutting. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

s101, selecting a seedling raising base, wherein the seedling raising base is flat in terrain, convenient to drain and irrigate, mainly made of loam or sandy loam, moderate in pH value and free of planting of fruit trees and fruit tree seedlings. Preferably, the selected seedling raising base is at least 3km away from a common orchard and a nursery garden.

S102, constructing a female parent garden, selecting pure virus-free grape seedling wood strips, establishing the female parent garden in a facility greenhouse by using grape seedling hard branches, and cutting 2-3 buds in winter.

For example, a seed strip with a variety purity of over 98% from a qualified professional virus-free grape nursery or professional nursery is selected, which has a certificate of virus-free testing.

After the root of the seed strips is promoted, a maternal garden is established in a greenhouse according to the plant spacing of 0.2m multiplied by 0.6m or the wide and narrow rows of 1m multiplied by 0.5m and the plant spacing of 0.2 m.

In one embodiment, in order to improve the survival rate of seedlings of the current-year hardwood cutting, before the hardwood cutting, the hardwood of grapes, namely the selected seed strips, is treated by ABT2 rooting powder with the concentration of 100 mg/L-200 mg/L. Referring to table 1, 169 cancrinis sauvignon strips are used as investigation objects, the ABT2 rooting powder with the concentration of 100 mg/L-200 mg/L is used for carrying out root forcing treatment on grape hard branches, the rooting rate of hard branch cutting can be obviously improved, and particularly the best effect of 100mg/L ABT2 rooting powder is achieved and is more than 90%.

TABLE 1 investigation statistics of the impact of different rooting promoters on hardwood cuttage

In another embodiment, due to unstable spring climate in northern areas, in order to further improve the survival rate of seedlings subjected to hard branch cutting in the current year, seedling cultivation is carried out from late 4 to middle 5 months of the current year, the temperature is relatively high at the moment, in order to prevent the grape seed strips from sprouting and easily rooting and causing seedling cultivation failure, the survival rate is reduced, a spraying device is arranged in a seedling cultivation facility to reduce the temperature of the upper layer of the grape seed strips through spraying, meanwhile, dry ice is put in the vicinity of the root of the seed strips to reduce the temperature in the vicinity of the root of the seed strips, carbon dioxide is generated to inhibit the respiration of the seed strips, the root and bud symbiosis are effectively realized, and the survival rate of the seedlings is improved.

S103, establishing and treating a seedbed, preparing nutrient soil according to the weight ratio of the river sand, the loam and the decomposed organic fertilizer of (1.5-2): 7-7.5): 1, paving the nutrient soil into a twig cutting seedbed, thoroughly watering the twig cutting seedbed, and sterilizing.

In order to improve the air permeability of the nutrient soil and avoid the influence on the seedling rate of seedlings caused by poor air permeability when organic fertilizer is traditionally used as the nutrient soil, a certain amount of river sand is added into loam. Referring to table 2, 1500 plants of 169 cancrinis sauvignon shoots were collected, 3 groups were set, 100 shoots in each group were subjected to shoot cutting on nutrient soil prepared from river sand, loam and decomposed organic fertilizer at different ratios, respectively, and the seedling rate of shoot cutting was investigated. The result shows that when the nutrient soil is prepared according to the weight ratio of the river sand, the loam and the decomposed organic fertilizer of (1.5-2): (7-7.5): 1, the seedling rate of the seedlings can reach over 78 percent, particularly the nutrient soil prepared according to the weight ratio of the river sand, the loam and the decomposed organic fertilizer of 2:7:1 is optimal, and the seedling rate of the twig cutting reaches 85-90 percent.

TABLE 2 investigation and statistics of the influence of different nutrient soils on the shoot cutting seedling rate

Furthermore, in the nutrient soil, the decomposed organic fertilizer is formed by mixing and fermenting mushroom residues, plant ash, chicken manure, sheep manure, rice straw, corn straw and the like, so that sufficient organic nutrient support is provided for rooting and sprouting of grape seedlings, and the porosity, air permeability and moisture content of a twig cutting hotbed can be improved. In a specific embodiment, the decomposed organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 40% -48% of rice straws and/or corn straws, 40% -48% of chicken manure and/or sheep manure, 1% -5% of mushroom residues, and 1% -5% of plant ash.

In order to further improve the seedling rate of the twig cutting, please refer to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the shoot cutting seedbed 10 includes a bed base layer 100, a heat insulation layer 200, a moisture retention layer 300, a heat insulation layer 400, a heating layer 500 and a rooting layer 600, the establishment process of the shoot cutting seedbed 10 includes using the bed base layer 100 as a support, the bed base layer 100 may be a soil pit formed by plowing soil ridges or digging, or a basin-like container, a straw curtain or saw dust with a thickness of 1cm to 3cm is laid on the bed base layer 100, or a heat insulation material with a higher cost may be provided to form the heat insulation layer 200, the heat insulation layer 200 mainly functions to reduce heat exchange between the seedbed and the environment, and simultaneously, the bed base layer 100 and the heat insulation layer 200 have a certain permeability to ensure normal ventilation of the seedbed. After the heat insulation layer 200 is laid, a layer of plastic film or plastic cloth is laid on the heat insulation layer 200 to form the moisture preservation layer 300, and when the moisture preservation layer is used, the moisture preservation layer can prevent water on the upper portion of the seedbed from losing, and can prevent toxic and harmful substances from the bed base layer 100 and the heat insulation layer 200 from returning to the upper portion of the seedbed to substantially affect the rooting of grape seedlings.

The moisture retention layer 300 is covered with 10 cm-30 cm of sandy soil to form the heat preservation layer 400, the relative compactness of the sandy soil of the heat preservation layer is 0.33-0.67, and the sandy soil has a good heat storage effect, so that the relative balance of the temperature of the seedbed is favorably maintained, and the large-amplitude change of the temperature is reduced. Meanwhile, the heat-insulating layer 400 formed by the selected sandy soil with medium compactness has good water-containing performance and air permeability, and can continuously provide moisture support for the upper surface of the seedbed so as to ensure the humidity of the seedbed and improve the air permeability of the seedbed.

And installing an electric heating coil or a hydrothermal coil on the heat preservation layer 400 to form the heating layer 500 so as to provide a heat source for the seedbed, covering the heating layer 500 with sandy soil with the relative compactness of 0.20-0.45 and being 3-5 cm higher than the heating layer to form the rooting layer 600 for placing grape seedlings and inducing the grape seedlings to take roots. When urging root, make zone of heating 500 opens, is in the heating state, the heat that zone of heating 500 released is partly by the rooting layer 600 absorbs, in order to keep the temperature of the sandy soil of rooting layer 600 is higher than air temperature 5 ℃ -7 ℃, partly quilt heat preservation 400 absorbs to the heat accumulation utilizes this heat accumulation to adjust the temperature balance of seedbed on the one hand, and on the other hand accelerates moisture evaporation in the heat preservation 400, for rooting layer 600 provides the soil moisture who satisfies the growth demand. Due to the existence of the heat insulation layer 400, the heating layer 500 is not required to be always in an open state, so that energy is saved, and the seedling raising cost is reduced.

When grape seedling is to be grown, grape seedlings are bundled and densely placed on the rooting layer 600, and sand or seedling medium is scattered along gaps between the seedlings from top to bottom to form a root zone covering layer 700 by stacking.

In another preferred embodiment, the shoot cutting seedbed 10 further comprises a humidifying layer 800, the humidifying layer 800 is embedded in the heat-insulating layer 400, and the humidifying layer 800 is a water coil pipe with water seepage holes. When the water storage capacity of the heat preservation layer 400 cannot meet the humidity requirement of grape nursery stock rooting, warm water is introduced into the water coil pipe of the humidification layer 800, and the warm water permeates into the heat preservation layer 400 through the water seepage holes of the water coil pipe to provide sufficient water for the heat preservation layer 400.

In order to further increase the seedling rate of the twig cutting, in a preferred embodiment, a refinement and standardization operation mode is adopted, for example, the specific method of the "disinfection and sterilization treatment" is as follows: uniformly spraying 0.2% potassium permanganate solution on the surface of the twig cutting seedbed twice continuously, covering the surface of the twig cutting seedbed with a film, exposing the surface to the sun for two days, opening the film of the twig cutting seedbed, performing spray sterilization by using 0.125% carbendazim and 0.1% chlorothalonil, and finally spraying and washing 3 times by using clear water. For example, the post-cuttage management comprises the processes of controlling the temperature in the facility not to exceed 30 ℃, keeping the relative humidity in the facility not lower than 80%, fertilizing, spraying a medicament, hardening seedlings and the like. Wherein, when the nursery stock survives and the height of the nursery stock is about 10cm, liquid organic fertilizer or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed according to the growth vigor of the nursery stock and the nutrition state of leaves. And after the nursery stock survives for 15 days, increasing ventilation and illumination, reducing water spraying frequency and starting seedling hardening. In the whole seedling raising process, a pesticide for preventing plant diseases and insect pests is regularly sprayed in the morning or at the evening when the temperature is lower.

It is worth explaining that the method for cutting the tender branches comprehensively adopts the appropriate root promoting agent, establishes a seedbed suitable for cutting the tender branches, selects the nutrient soil with the appropriate proportion of the matrix, strictly performs post-management and other modes, can greatly improve the survival rate of the cuttage of the tender branches, particularly obviously improves the survival rate of the tender branches cut from the tip far away from the female parent, and improves the survival rate of the tender branches cut from the tip far away from the female parent from less than 50 percent to 70 to 80 percent, thereby obviously improving the propagation coefficient of the cuttage of the comprehensive tender branches.

S104, carrying out first twig cuttage, heating, fertilizing and irrigating the mother plant garden from 1 month to 2 months later, reserving 2 new shoots of the mother plant in the growing process, cutting 2 first cuttage twigs from the new shoots of the mother plant in the last 3 months, dipping rooting agent, carrying out cuttage on the twigs on a cutting seedbed, watering, carrying out management after cuttage, and reserving 3 new shoots in the growing process.

Specifically, the specific method for cutting off the cutting twig from the new shoot of the female parent comprises the following steps: the method for shearing the next twig from the new branch with better growth vigor at the previous time comprises the following steps: selecting semi-lignified branches on healthy plants without diseases and insect pests, reserving 2 buds or 3 buds, horizontally shearing the upper ends of the semi-lignified branches at a position 2 cm-3 cm away from the buds, obliquely shearing the lower ends of the semi-lignified branches at a position 1 cm-2 cm away from the buds, and enabling the shearing openings to be smooth; and (3) reserving the upper leaves of the secondary tender branches, cutting 1/3-1/2 of the area of the leaves, and cutting the middle and lower leaves together with the leaf stalks and tendrils.

Specifically, the watering frequency is once every 3 to 5 days, and the watering time is 3 to 5 hours each time.

Specifically, the method for cutting the current twig on the twig cutting seedbed comprises the following steps: according to the plant spacing of 5-8 cm and the row spacing of 10-15 cm, punching 2-3 cm deep inserting holes on the shoot cutting seedbed, dipping the secondary shoots into a rooting agent, inserting the secondary shoots into the inserting holes, spraying water until the bed surface of the shoot cutting seedbed is wet after the cutting is finished, and hanging water drops on the leaves reserved on the upper part.

Specifically, referring to table 3, the rooting agent used in the first shoot cutting can be IBA (indoleacetic acid), ABT rooting powder, guoyang rooting powder, α -naphthylacetic acid, a mixture of indoleacetic acid and talcum powder, and the seedling rate can reach 80-90%.

TABLE 3 rooting agent for first shoot cutting and method of use

And S105, carrying out secondary twig cuttage, wherein in the last 5 months of the same year, the length of a new branch of the first-time twig cuttage reaches more than 60cm, cutting off the second-time twig from the new branch with better growth vigor of the first-time twig, reserving 1 branch with weaker growth vigor, dipping the second-time twig in a rooting agent, carrying out cuttage on the twig cuttage seedbed, watering, carrying out management after cuttage, and reserving 2 new branches in the growth process.

The pruning method and watering method of the second twig cutting and the use of the rooting powder are the same as the first twig cutting, and the rooting powder preferably uses ABT rooting powder or a mixture of α -naphthylacetic acid, indoleacetic acid and talcum powder.

However, due to the influence of northern climate, the grape seedlings enter 5 middle-ten days, the weather is warm, the temperature is favorable for sprouting and is not favorable for rooting, at the moment, a spraying device is arranged in a seedling raising facility to reduce the temperature of the upper layer of the grape seedling strips through spraying, meanwhile, dry ice is put near the root parts of the seedling strips to reduce the temperature near the root parts of the seedling strips, and carbon dioxide is generated to inhibit the respiration of the seedling strips, so that the root and bud symbiosis is effectively realized, the seedling survival rate is improved, and the seedling rate of the second twig cuttage can reach 78% -85%.

S106, carrying out third-time twig cuttage, wherein in the last 7 months of the same year, the length of a new branch of a twig subjected to second-time cuttage reaches more than 60cm, cutting off the twig subjected to third-time cuttage from the new branch with better growth vigor of the twig subjected to second-time cuttage, reserving 1 branch with weaker growth vigor, dipping the twig subjected to third-time cuttage in a rooting agent, carrying out cuttage on the twig cuttage seedbed, watering, carrying out management after cuttage, and reserving 2 new branches in the growth process.

The pruning method and watering method of the third twig cuttage are the same as the first twig cuttage, but the seedling rate of the conventional seedling method is obviously reduced along with the gradual rise of the air temperature, and the seedling rate is less than 50%. In order to improve the seedling rate of the third twig cuttage, two measures are adopted:

firstly, a novel rooting powder is adopted, the novel rooting powder is a mixed solution containing α -naphthylacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, ABT rooting powder, ethanol, acetic acid, glucose and a traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg extracting solution, wherein the concentration of α -naphthylacetic acid is 50 mg/L-150 mg/L, the concentration of indoleacetic acid is 100 mg/L-250 mg/L, the concentration of ABT rooting powder is 100 mg/L-150 mg/L, the concentration of ethanol is 500 mg/L-1000 mg/L, the concentration of acetic acid (namely vinegar) is 500 mg/L-1000 mg/L, the concentration of glucose is 1000 mg/L-2000 mg/L, and the use method is soaking for 5 min-10 min.

Secondly, set up atomizer in the facility of growing seedlings to reduce grape kind strip upper temperature through the spraying, simultaneously, throw in the dry ice near kind strip root, with reduce kind strip root near temperature, produce carbon dioxide simultaneously and restrain kind strip respiration, effectively realized root, bud intergrowth.

By using the novel root-promoting powder and carrying out third-time twig cuttage in a special facility, the seedling rate of the third-time twig cuttage is effectively improved to 75-80%. It is worth explaining that, by adopting the above mode, the survival rate of the twig cuttage can be greatly improved, especially the survival rate of the twig cut from the tip far away from the female parent is obviously improved, and the probable reason is that the ethanol, the acetic acid, the glucose and the organic components in the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg extracting solution provide necessary nutrient substances for the sprouting and rooting of the twig at the early stage of the cuttage so as to ensure the consumption of the early respiration, and the possible reason is that the twig is aged to be semi-lignified due to being soaked in the ethanol, the acetic acid, the glucose and the traditional Chinese medicine dreg extracting solution, so that the sprouting of the twig is facilitated.

S107, carrying out twig cuttage on the 4 th time, wherein in the last 9 months of the same year, the length of a new branch of a twig subjected to twig cuttage for the third time reaches more than 60cm, cutting off the twig subjected to cuttage for the fourth time from the new branch with better growth vigor of the twig subjected to twig cuttage for the third time, reserving 1 branch with weaker growth vigor, dipping the twig subjected to cuttage for the fourth time in a rooting agent, carrying out cuttage on a twig cuttage seedbed, watering, carrying out management after cuttage, and reserving 1 new branch in the growth process.

The method and conditions of the fourth twig cuttage are the same as those of the third twig cuttage, and the average seedling rate is 70-78%.

In a preferred embodiment, referring to table 4, in step S105, 4 to 6 second-time cutting shoots are cut from the new shoot with better growth vigor of the first-time cutting shoot. And S106, cutting 4-6 third-time cutting twigs from the new twigs with good growth vigor of the second-time cutting twigs. In step S107, 4-6 shoots for the fourth time are cut from the new shoots with good growth vigor of the shoots for the third time, so as to improve the comprehensive shoot cutting propagation coefficient on the premise of ensuring the survival rate of shoot cutting, and by adopting the method, the comprehensive shoot cutting propagation coefficient can reach 24.5, that is, one original shoot can finally obtain 24.5 seedlings with high purity and good quality.

TABLE 4 statistical table of comprehensive twig cutting propagation coefficient

Number of times of cuttage	Number of new branches (strip)	Averagely obtainable twig (root)	Rate of seedling formation	Number of adult seedlings
					For the first time	2	10	85％	8.5
For the second time	2	10	85％	8.5
					The third time	1	5	80％	4
Fourth time	1	5	75％	3.5
					Total up to	6	30	/	24.5

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A facility grape twig cuttage method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

2. The in-facility grape shoot cutting method of claim 1, wherein:

in the step e, cutting 4-6 second-time cutting twigs from the new twigs with good growth vigor of the first-time cutting twigs;

in the step f, cutting 4-6 third-time cutting twigs from the new twigs with good growth vigor of the second-time cutting twigs;

and g, cutting 4-6 fourth-time cutting twigs from the new twigs with good growth vigor of the third-time cutting twigs.

3. The in-facility grape shoot cutting method of claim 1, wherein the rooting agent is ABT rooting powder.

4. The method for grape twig cuttage in a facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of river sand, loam and decomposed organic fertilizer in the nutrient soil is 2:7: 1.

5. The method for grape twig cuttage in facility according to claim 1, wherein the twig cuttage seedbed comprises a bed base layer, a heat insulation layer, a moisture preservation layer, a heat preservation layer, a heating layer and a rooting layer, the heat insulation layer is laid on the bed base layer, the moisture preservation layer is covered on the heat insulation layer, the heat preservation layer is covered on the moisture preservation layer, and the heating layer is buried between the heat preservation layer and the rooting layer.

6. The method of grape twig cutting in facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein said post-cuttage management includes controlling the temperature in the facility not to exceed 30 ℃, maintaining the relative humidity in the facility not to fall below 80%, fertilizing, spraying chemicals, hardening seedlings.

7. The in-facility grape twig cutting method as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the specific method of "disinfection and sterilization treatment" is:

uniformly spraying 0.2% potassium permanganate solution on the surface of the twig cutting seedbed twice continuously, covering the surface of the twig cutting seedbed with a film, exposing the surface to the sun for two days, opening the film of the twig cutting seedbed, performing spray sterilization by using 0.125% carbendazim and 0.1% chlorothalonil, and finally spraying and washing 3 times by using clear water.

8. The method for grape twig cuttage in a facility according to claim 1, wherein in the steps d to g, watering is performed once every 3 to 5 days for 3 to 5 hours each time at a frequency.

9. The method for grape twig cuttage in facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein in steps d to g, the method for cutting the current twig from the new branch with better growth vigor in the previous time is as follows: selecting semi-lignified branches on healthy plants without diseases and insect pests, reserving 2 buds or 3 buds, horizontally shearing the upper ends of the semi-lignified branches at a position 2 cm-3 cm away from the buds, obliquely shearing the lower ends of the semi-lignified branches at a position 1 cm-2 cm away from the buds, and enabling the shearing openings to be smooth; and (3) reserving the upper leaves of the secondary tender branches, cutting 1/3-1/2 of the area of the leaves, and cutting the middle and lower leaves together with the leaf stalks and tendrils.

10. The method for shoot cutting of grapes in facilities according to claim 9, wherein in the steps d to g, the method for cutting the current sub shoot on the shoot cutting seedbed comprises the following steps: according to the plant spacing of 5 cm-8 cm and the row spacing of 10 cm-15 cm, punching 2 cm-3 cm deep inserting holes in the shoot cutting seedbed, dipping the secondary shoots into a rooting agent, inserting the secondary shoots into the inserting holes, spraying water until the bed surface of the shoot cutting seedbed is wet after cutting is completed, and hanging water drops on leaves reserved on the upper portion.