CN110721270A - 一种芪柏烧伤膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种芪柏烧伤膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110721270A CN110721270A CN201911142426.XA CN201911142426A CN110721270A CN 110721270 A CN110721270 A CN 110721270A CN 201911142426 A CN201911142426 A CN 201911142426A CN 110721270 A CN110721270 A CN 110721270A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种芪柏烧伤膏及其制备方法,包括以下原材料及其重量配比:黄芪50‑54、黄柏19‑21、白及9‑11、乳香4‑6、连翘9‑11、没药4‑6、当归9‑11、白芷9‑11、栀子9‑11和煅石膏5‑18,将十味主料药材(煅石膏其中一份)加水前煎煮两次,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩成清膏,将另一份煅石膏粉碎备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾等制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀制成。本发明具有清热泻火、消肿止痛、祛湿生肌、收敛止血的作用,用于轻中度水火烫伤、青春痘等浅表性皮肤创面,促进伤口愈合,适宜烧烫伤、冻伤、辐射伤、电伤、腐蚀伤、灼伤的亚健康人群。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于芪柏烧伤膏技术领域,具体涉及一种芪柏烧伤膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
烧烫伤主要是因物理或化学因素,如热力、化学、电流及放射线等所引起的皮肤、粘膜、甚至深部组织损害的一种疾病,其严重者可导致机体各系统的反应、功能、代谢及形态出现严重的变化,甚至引起休克、脓毒血症和多脏器功能衰竭等并发症。在日常生活中,由于缺乏对于突发烧烫伤的预防以及烧烫伤后紧急处理等相关知识的普及,烧烫伤发生率逐年增长,主要集中于老人和儿童目前临床上主要采用西药抗生素类药物来进行消炎、镇痛、抗感染,虽具有一定疗效,但长期使用容易引起全身并发症(如中性粒细胞减少和肾毒性等)。中医学中称烧伤为“水火烫伤”,且认为烧伤作为一种热损伤,烧伤后的疼痛是由于皮肌遭热损伤后造成经络阻塞,气滞血瘀,不通则痛;同时因津液运输不同、散布失常而造成了津液渗出、肿胀等现象,经长时间的气血瘀滞则导致肉腐并成为疮脓。故中药在外敷治疗方面,主要以保护创面、减少渗出、活血止痛为主。本发明提供一种中药创新烧伤膏及其制备方法,
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提供一种芪柏烧伤膏及其制备方法,制备工艺简单,成本低,且增强治愈速度及疗效,且长期使用过程中并未引起全身并发症,以解决现有技术中存在的问题。
本发明采取的技术方案为:一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
一种芪柏烧伤膏还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
一种芪柏烧伤膏还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
一种芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法,该方法为:将煅石膏分成两份,将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、一份煅石膏和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用,将另一份煅石膏粉碎过100目筛备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装即得。
一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
一种芪柏烧伤膏还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
一种芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法,该方法为:将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、煅石膏和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装;
本发明的有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明的效果如下:
(1)本发明的芪柏烧伤膏具有清热泻火、消肿止痛、祛湿生肌、收敛止血的作用,可用于轻中度水火烫伤、青春痘等浅表性皮肤创面,促进伤口愈合,适宜烧烫伤、冻伤、辐射伤、电伤、腐蚀伤、灼伤的亚健康人群,本发明的芪柏烧伤膏能够避免引起全身并发症,副作用更小;
(2)芪柏烧伤膏中各原料作用如下:
黄芪:补气升阳,固表止汗,利水消肿,生津养血,行滞通痹,托毒排脓,敛疮生肌。用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,气虚水肿,内热消渴,血虚萎黄,半身不遂,痹痛麻木,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛;
当归:补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。用于血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,月经不调,经闭痛经,虚寒腹痛,风湿痹痛,跌扑损伤,痈疽疮疡,肠燥便秘;
黄芪和当归作为补气补血药;
黄柏:清热燥湿,泻火除蒸,解毒疗疮。用于湿热泻痢,黄疸尿赤,带下阴痒,热淋涩痛,脚气痿躄,骨蒸劳热,盗汗,遗精,疮疡肿毒,湿疹湿疮;
栀子:泻火除烦,清热利湿,凉血解毒;外用消肿止痛。用于热病心烦,湿热黄疸,淋证涩痛,血热吐衄,目赤肿痛,火毒疮疡;外治扭挫伤痛;
连翘:清热解毒,消肿散结,疏散风热。用于痈疽,瘰疬,乳痈,丹毒,风热感冒,温病初起,温热入营,高热烦渴,神昏发斑,热淋涩痛;
薄荷脑:疏风,清热,解毒;
黄柏、栀子、连翘和薄荷脑作为清热解毒药;
乳香:活血定痛,消肿生肌。用于胸痹心痛,胃脘疼痛,痛经经闭,产后瘀阻,癥瘕腹痛,风湿痹痛,筋脉拘挛,跌打损伤,痈肿疮疡;
没药:散瘀定痛,消肿生肌。用于胸痹心痛,胃脘疼痛,痛经经闭,产后瘀阻,癥瘕腹痛,凤湿痹痛,跌打损伤,痈肿疮疡;
白及:消肿生肌,收敛止血。用于用于咯血,吐血,外伤出血,疮疡肿毒,皮肤皲裂;
煅石膏:收湿,生肌,敛疮,止血。外治溃疡不敛,湿疹瘙痒,水火烫伤,外伤出血;
乳香、没药、白及和煅石膏作为消肿生肌止血药;
白芷:解表散寒,祛风止痛,宣通鼻窍,燥湿止带,消肿排脓,用于感冒头痛,眉棱骨痛,鼻塞流涕,鼻鼽,鼻渊,牙痛,带下,疮疡肿痛;
蜂蜜:补中,润燥,止痛,解毒;外用生肌敛疮。用于脘腹虚痛,肺燥干咳,肠燥便秘,解乌头类药毒;外治疮疡不敛,水火烫伤;
白芷和蜂蜜作为止痛药;
(3)黄芪补气升阳,托毒排脓,敛疮生肌,为君药;黄柏:清热泻火,解毒疗疮为臣药;栀子:清热泻火,消肿止痛;连翘:清热解毒,消肿散结;薄荷脑:疏风,清热,解毒;乳香:活血定痛,消肿生肌,没药:散瘀定痛,消肿生肌;白及:消肿生肌,收敛止血;白芷:祛风止痛,消肿排脓;当归:补血活血;煅石膏:收湿,生肌,敛疮,止血,与活血药合用,止血不留瘀,共为佐药,加强生肌止痛的作用;蜂蜜:味甘、性平,具有解毒、止痛和调和诸药的作用,为使药;全方共凑清热泻火、消肿止痛、祛湿生肌、收敛止血的作用,缓解烧烫伤、冻伤、辐射伤、电伤、腐蚀伤、灼伤、青春痘等不适,促进保健康复作用;
油相基质:麻油、薄荷脑、单双硬脂酸甘油酯;
水相基质:清膏、蜂蜜、煅石膏;
乳化剂:十二烷基硫酸钠;
抑菌剂:尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、三氯生-II;
防腐剂:山梨酸钾;
(4)本发明为了更好的发挥其药用功效,采用水煎煮的浸提方法,选择加水量、煎煮时间和煎煮次数三个因素进行正交试验,获得最佳的控制参数;
(5)蜂蜜占比大于50%,乳化后做成含中药成份的软膏剂,国内尚无文献报导,属于首创;
(6)本发明中采用油相加入水相,能够避免油相加入水相后的乳化液分层(离心试验时,油相加入水相,离心转速4000转/分钟,未见分层,水相加入油相,离心转速4000转/分钟,有分层现象),提高乳乳化液药物成分的均匀性,确保药剂质量。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明进行进一步介绍。
实施例1:一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法为:将煅石膏分成两份,将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、一份煅石膏(7g)和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用,将另一份煅石膏(9.8g)粉碎过100目筛备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装即得。
实施例2:一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法为:将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、煅石膏和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装即得。
实施例3:一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法为:将煅石膏分成两份,将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、一份煅石膏(2g)和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用,将另一份煅石膏(3g)粉碎过100目筛备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装即得。
实施例4:一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法为:将煅石膏分成两份,将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、一份煅石膏(8g)和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用,将另一份煅石膏(10g)粉碎过100目筛备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装即得。
实施例5:一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法为:将煅石膏分成两份,将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、一份煅石膏(7g)和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用,将另一份煅石膏(9.8g)粉碎过100目筛备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装。
实施例6:一种芪柏烧伤膏,所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法为:将煅石膏分成两份,将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、一份煅石膏(7g)和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用,将另一份煅石膏(9.8g)粉碎过100目筛备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装。
为了说明本发明的效果,给出如下实验:
一、提取工艺研究
1仪器与试药
1.1仪器
SZKW—4恒温水浴锅、JA5003N电子天平、BG2—246电热鼓风干燥箱、纯化水。
1.2原料的来源及执行标准
1.2.1原料的来源
中药饮片黄芪、栀子、当归购于盘县三特中药饮片公司;乳香、黄柏购于昆明道地中药饮片厂;没药购于云南向辉药业有限公司;连翘购于湖北金贵饮片有限公司;白芷购于贵州安顺市长寿欣新中药发展有限公司;石膏购于河北楚风中药有限公司;质量均符合相应国家标准或行业标准的有关规定。
2.提取工艺优化
本处方采用水煎煮的提取方法,选择加水量,煎煮时间,煎煮次数三个因素,每个因素选择3个水平,按L9(34)正交表安排试验。每份取黄芩、黄柏等除蜂蜜外的共十味中药,进行煎煮。以干膏率为考察指标,筛选出最佳提取工艺。因素水平见表1,试验结果见表2。
表1.因素水平表
水平 | A加水量/倍 | B煎煮时间/h | C煎煮次数/n |
1 | 8 | 1 | 1 |
2 | 10 | 1.5 | 2 |
3 | 12 | 2 | 3 |
表2.实验L9(34)正交实验结果
实验号 | A | B | C | D | 干膏率/% |
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 17.23 |
2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 20.40 |
3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 21.52 |
4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 24.70 |
5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 25.10 |
6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 22.76 |
7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 25.91 |
8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 23.07 |
9 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 26.96 |
K<sub>1</sub> | 59.15 | 67.84 | 63.06 | 69.29 | |
K<sub>2</sub> | 72.56 | 68.57 | 72.06 | 69.07 | |
K<sub>3</sub> | 75.94 | 71.24 | 72.53 | 69.29 | |
R | 5.60 | 1.13 | 3.16 | 0.07 |
表3.方差分析表
变异来源 | 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 |
A | 52.57 | 2 | 26.29 | 4887.98 |
B | 2.14 | 2 | 1.07 | 198.57 |
C | 18.99 | 2 | 9.49 | 1765.51 |
误差 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 |
F>0.01F0.05(1,2)=19.00
由表2可见,因素A对提取率影响最大,各因素作用主次为A>C>B。根据各因素均值比较结果可发现A、B两因素最优均为第三水平,针对C因素,为节约成本,故选C2,因此优化所得最佳提取工艺组合为A3B3C2,即第一次加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次加12倍量水,煎煮2h。
4.最佳提取工艺验证
按筛选出的最佳工艺进行了3次实验,结果见表4。
表4.水提工艺验证结果
次数 | 干膏率(%) |
1 | 27.03 |
2 | 26.91 |
3 | 26.90 |
平均值 | 26.94 |
结论:最佳提取工艺提取3次,实验值均不小于正交实验中的最大值,表明选取的最佳提取工艺条件稳定。因此可用此方法来提取药材。
二、成型工艺研究
1、仪器与辅料
1.1、仪器
80-2台式电动离心机 | DZKW-4数显恒温水浴锅 |
JA5003N电子天平 | HH-S4数显恒温水浴锅 |
电热鼓风干燥箱 | AUW220D十万分之一天平 |
SZKW—4电子恒温水浴锅 | AUW120D十万分之一天平 |
JM-L50胶体磨 | FA2204B万分之一天平 |
YZN50多功能真空浓缩收膏机 | 百分之一天平 |
YZN30C液体单体浓缩机 | LDZX-75KBS立式压力灭菌锅 |
LK-2015TF超声波软管封尾机 | Byes-2000A微量水分测定仪 |
DHG-9077A电热鼓风恒温干燥箱 | SX2-2.5-10箱式电阻炉 |
101-1型电热鼓风恒温干燥箱 | SX-2.5-12箱式电阻炉 |
TAS-990原子吸收分光光度计 | XSP-BM-30AD电脑生物显微镜 |
TAS-990原子吸收分光光度计 | ULTiMate3000高效液相色谱仪 |
SPX-250B生化培养箱 | Agilient1260高效液相色谱仪 |
LRH-250-A生化培养箱 | LRH-250-M霉菌培养箱 |
LRH-250-A生化培养箱 | 101-0型电热鼓风干燥箱 |
1.2、辅料
1.2.1辅料的来源
辅料单双硬脂酸甘油酯购于湖南芙蓉制药有限公司;山梨酸钾购于湖南华日制药有限公司;十二烷基硫酸钠、白凡士林以及甘油均购于江西益普生药业有限公司;三氯生-Ⅱ购于北京桑普生物化学科技有限公司;麻油购于金龙鱼有限公司;硬脂酸购于湖州展望药业有限公司;十六醇购于江西阿尔法高科药业有限公司;羊毛脂购于上海华亭羊毛脂厂有限公司。
2.2.基质处方筛选表(一)
筛选出较优的处方,对处方进行筛选,结果见表5。
表5.基质处方筛选表
2.3、处方评价标准
2.3.1、外观评价标准
外观性状:应稠度适宜、细腻均匀、易涂展、易清洗。实验结果见表6。
表6.基质处方筛选外观评价结果
处方 | 外观 |
1 | 膏体稠厚,呈乳白色,细腻光滑。流动性差。 |
2 | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性差。 |
3 | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性差,涂展差。 |
4 | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性差,涂展差。 |
5 | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性欠佳,涂展较好。 |
2.3.2、离心试验
分别取五种处方的样品各10g装入离心于2500r/min和4000r/min离心30分钟,后取出,观察是否有分层现象。实验结果见表7。
表7.离心实验结果
注:“+”为分层,“-”未分层。
2.3.3、耐寒耐热实验
分别取各处方的样品各10g,分别装入密闭的塑料盒中,于55℃恒温6小时。另取一份分别装入密闭的塑料盒中,于恒定温度-15℃放置24小时后放至常温观察是否分层。实验结果见表8。
表8.耐寒耐热试验结果比对表
注:“+”为分层,“-”未分层。
以上试验中可以看出,从外观来说(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)号均不合适,(1)、(2)、(3)号处方流动性极差,(4)处方号流动性较(1)、(2)、(3)号好但依然不理想,且(2)、(3)处方高温、离心均分层,(1)号处方耐寒耐热试验分层,(4)号离心实验分层,故(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)号处方均不合适,但(4)号处方相对(1)、(2)、(3)号流动性好,寒耐热试验未分层,考虑到原料中含有大量蜂蜜,黏性本身较强故将(4)号处方中的蜂蜡、凡士林等减少,将羊毛脂及凡士林更换成麻油,减小黏性增加流动性变换成(5)号处方。从实验可看出(5)号处方流动性较(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)号处方好且离心实验、耐寒耐热试验均符合规定。所有接下来的试验考虑用5号处方作为基础方进行实验。
2.4、基质处方筛选表(二)
参阅文献,筛选出较优的处方,对处方进行筛选,结果见表9。
表9.基质处方筛选表
2.5、处方评价标准
2.5.1、外观性状:同“2.3.1”。实验结果见表10。
表10.基质处方筛选外观评价结果
处方 | 外观 |
① | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性好,涂展较好。 |
② | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性好,涂展较好。 |
③ | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性好,涂展较好。 |
④ | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性适宜,涂展较好。 |
⑤ | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性差,涂展较好。 |
2.5.2、离心试验
分别取五种处方的样品各10g装入离心管中,于2500r/min和4000r/min离心30分钟,后取出,观察是否有分层现象。实验结果见表11。
表11.离心实验结果
处方 | ① | ② | ③ | ④ | ⑤ |
2500r/min | - | - | + | - | - |
4000r/min | + | + | + | - | + |
注:“+”为分层,“-”未分层。
2.5.3、耐寒耐热实验
分别取各处方的样品各10g,分别装入密闭的塑料盒中,于55℃恒温6小时。另取一份分别装入密闭的塑料盒中,于恒定温度-15℃放置24小时后放至常温观察是否分层。实验结果见表12。
表12.耐寒耐热试验结果
注:“+”为分层,“-”未分层。
以上试验中得出,从外观来说除处方⑤的流动性差外其余处方均适合。但①号处方在进行重复实验时,离心发生分离现象,故通过微调乳化剂及药物的比例得出了②号处方,但②号处方在进行小试放大时离心分层,故对乳化剂进行微调整,最后得出④号处方外观、离心实验、涂展性较好、耐寒耐热试验结果均较理想。
2.6、基质处方筛选表(三)
参阅文献,对处方进行筛选,结果见表10。
表10.基质处方筛选表
2.7、处方评价标准
2.7.1、外观性状:同“2.3.1”。实验结果见表11。
表11.基质处方筛选外观评价结果
处方 | 外观 |
① | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性好,涂展较好。 |
② | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性好,涂展较好。 |
③ | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性好,涂展较好。 |
④ | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性差,涂展较好。 |
⑤ | 膏体稠厚,呈黄棕色,细腻光滑。流动性适宜,涂展较好。 |
2.7.2、离心试验
分别取五种处方的样品各10g装入离心管中,于2500r/min和4000r/min离心30分钟,后取出,观察是否有分层现象。实验结果见表12。
表12.离心实验结果
处方 | ① | ② | ③ | ④ | ⑤ |
2500r/min | - | - | + | - | - |
4000r/min | + | + | + | + | - |
注:“+”为分层,“-”未分层。
2.7.3、耐寒耐热实验
分别取各处方的样品各10g,分别装入密闭的塑料盒中,于55℃恒温6小时。另取一份分别装入密闭的塑料盒中,于恒定温度-15℃放置24小时后放至常温观察是否分层。实验结果见表12。
表12.耐寒耐热试验结果
注:“+”为分层,“-”未分层。
以上试验中得出,从外观来说除处方⑤均符合规定。①号处方在进行重复实验时,离心发生分离现象,故通过对乳化剂及药物的比例进行调整,最后得出⑤号处方外观、离心实验、涂展性较好、耐寒耐热试验结果均符合规定。
2.8、重复性实验
2.8.1对基质处方筛选表(二)中的以上④号处方进行中试放大实验验证,共投料3批,三批中试产品实验数据见表13、检测结果见表14。
表13.三批中试试验数据
序号 | (1) | (2) | (3) |
原料药投料量(kg) | 9.354 | 9.354 | 9.354 |
辅料总量(kg) | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
理论成品数(支) | 500 | 500 | 500 |
实际成品数(支) | 462 | 467 | 463 |
成品率(%) | 92.40 | 93.4 | 92.6 |
表14.三批试制样品检验结果
2.8.2对基质处方筛选表(三)中的以上⑤号处方进行中试放大实验验证,共投料3批,三批中试产品实验数据见表15、检测结果见表16。
表15.三批中试试验数据
表16.三批试制样品检验结果
结论:中试生产的研究结果表明,芪柏烧伤膏的工艺是合理、可行的。
采用实施例1的使用案例如下:
1、典型病例1、王某,男,32岁,药厂职工,2018年11月,手臂被开水烫伤,伤后起大量水泡,诊断为Ⅱ度烫伤,给予用本发明中药烧伤膏,一天两次换药,涂上药盖上无菌纱布,再加上保鲜膜包扎,连续用药10天,治愈,恢复正常功能,无疤痕治愈,且在使用并未引起全身并发症(如中性粒细胞减少和肾毒性等)。
2、冯某,男,60岁,2018年5月脚背被开水烫伤,在别的诊所治疗半月余,无好转,病情加重,然后经人介绍,给病人输液加用本发明中药烧伤膏,涂上厚约1毫米药膏,加无菌纱布,再用保鲜膜包扎,一天两次换药,当天下午病痛减轻,伤口缩小;继续治疗15天,无疤痕治愈,且在使用并未引起全身并发症(如中性粒细胞减少和肾毒性等)。
3、赵某,男,1岁,2018年6月被刚开锅的粥烫伤,胸部表皮烫掉,诊断为Ⅱ度烫伤,在我处治疗,输液加用本发明中药烧伤膏,一天两次换药,10天后无疤痕治愈,且在使用并未引起全身并发症(如中性粒细胞减少和肾毒性等)。
4、李某,女,25岁,2018年3月,两大腿及小腹部被火锅烫伤,烫伤面积达到40%,诊断为深Ⅱ度、浅Ⅲ度烫伤;在我处给予输液加用本发明中药烧伤膏,连续用药一个月左右,创面生理性愈合;一个月后回访,病人无残疾,生活正常,有少量的表浅性瘢痕增生,且在使用并未引起全身并发症(如中性粒细胞减少和肾毒性等)。
5、赵某,女,8岁,2018年10月,两小腿被开水烫伤,诊断为深Ⅱ度烫伤,病人疼痛难忍,在我处给予输液加用本发明中药烧伤膏,连续用药13天,无疤痕治愈,皮肤恢复正常功能,且在使用并未引起全身并发症(如中性粒细胞减少和肾毒性等)。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内,因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种芪柏烧伤膏,其特征在于:所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
黄芪50-54 黄柏 19-21 白及 9-11 乳香 4-6
连翘9-11 没药4-6 当归9-11 白芷 9-11
栀子9-11 煅石膏 5-18。
2.一种芪柏烧伤膏,其特征在于:所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
黄芪 52 黄柏 20 白及 10 乳香 5
连翘 10 没药 5 当归 10 白芷 10
栀子 10 煅石膏16.8。
3.一种芪柏烧伤膏,其特征在于:所述芪柏烧伤膏包括以下原材料及其重量配比:
黄芪 52 黄柏 20 白及 10 乳香 5
连翘 10 没药 5 当归 10 白芷 10
栀子 10 煅石膏7。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种芪柏烧伤膏,其特征在于:还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
蜂蜜630-655 单双硬脂酸甘油酯25-50 十二烷基硫酸钠 8-20
麻油80-100 清膏 135-165 蜂蜡20-50
山梨酸钾 4-6 对羟基苯甲酸乙酯 1.1-1.3 三氯生-Ⅱ 10-12
对羟基苯甲酸丙酯1.1-1.3 薄荷脑 2-10。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种芪柏烧伤膏,其特征在于:还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
蜂蜜 654.5 单双硬脂酸甘油酯 49.7 十二烷基硫酸钠 19.9
麻油 74.6 清膏 140.8 蜂蜡 22.4
山梨酸钾 5.0 对羟基苯甲酸乙酯 1.2 三氯生-Ⅱ 11.0
对羟基苯甲酸丙酯 1.2 薄荷脑 9.9。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种芪柏烧伤膏,其特征在于:还包括以下辅料及其重量配比:
蜂蜜 638.1 单双硬脂酸甘油酯29.1 十二烷基硫酸钠 10.9
麻油91.3 清膏159.5 蜂蜡 49.7
山梨酸钾 5.0 对羟基苯甲酸乙酯 1.2 三氯生-Ⅱ 11.0
对羟基苯甲酸丙酯 1.2 薄荷脑3.0。
7.根据权利要求1-2和4-5任一所述的一种芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法,其特征在于:该方法为:将煅石膏分成两份,将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、一份煅石膏和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用,将另一份煅石膏粉碎过100目筛备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装。
8.根据权利要求3和6任一所述的一种芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法,其特征在于:该方法为:将黄芪、白芨、乳香、没药、连翘、栀子、当归、黄柏、煅石膏和白芷十味药材加水前煎煮两次,煎液滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.15(60℃)的清膏备用;薄荷脑与蜂蜡用麻油溶解制成油相,清膏加入蜂蜜、单双硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯、山梨酸钾、煅石膏粉制成水相,将油相加入水相中,乳化混匀,制成芪柏烧伤膏,分装。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法,其特征在于:第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种芪柏烧伤膏的制备方法,其特征在于:第一次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h,第二次煎煮加12倍量水,煎煮2h。
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