CN110720373A - Shallow water planting method for large bare-root nursery stocks and planting pits thereof - Google Patents
Shallow water planting method for large bare-root nursery stocks and planting pits thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110720373A CN110720373A CN201911187740.XA CN201911187740A CN110720373A CN 110720373 A CN110720373 A CN 110720373A CN 201911187740 A CN201911187740 A CN 201911187740A CN 110720373 A CN110720373 A CN 110720373A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001487832 Cupressus duclouxiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000785778 Glochidion puberum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/14—Props; Stays
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting pit, which comprises a dug planting hole and a seedling, wherein the bottom of the planting hole is provided with a hole, planting soil C, backfilling gravel, a planting soil layer B, a mixed backfill layer, a planting soil layer A, backfilling ceramsite and covering gravel are sequentially backfilled in the planting hole from bottom to top, the root of the seedling is wrapped with wrapping mixed soil, a fixing straw rope is wound on the outer side of the wrapping mixed soil, the wrapping mixed soil is fixed at the root of the seedling through the fixing straw rope, and the root is planted in the planting soil layer A, the mixed backfill layer and the planting soil layer B; after the saplings are submerged by water, because the peripheries of the root systems of the saplings are made of relatively loose soil, gravels, ceramsite and other materials, the soil at the peripheries of the root systems cannot become particularly compact, and the normal growth of the roots of the saplings is facilitated; and the compactness of the layered ceramsite and the layered gravel is lower than that of common soil, so that the normal upward growth of respiratory roots is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of landscaping, and particularly relates to a shallow water planting method of a water-resistant large bare-rooted nursery stock with a diameter at breast height of more than 10cm and a planting pit thereof.
Background
The water-resistant plants are commonly used for building waterfront landscape, and are mainly planted on the river bank, lake bank and wetland landscape. The main tree species include larch, Chinese cypress, pond fir, Glochidion puberum, spica chess board feet, etc. As most of the plants have respiratory roots and strong adaptability, the plants can grow in shallow water areas of water banks and marshland and can still grow normally under the condition that the roots are submerged by water for a long time.
The existing planting mode of the large bare-rooted tree seedling with water-wet resistance is still according to the general plant planting mode on land, after a planting pit is directly dug, a tree seedling is planted, and soil is backfilled. This mode of planting results in reduced survival of such plants that are planted in the waterside. When the water level of river water and lake water rises, the plants are submerged by water, so that the backfill soil above the plant root systems becomes more compact, and the respiratory roots are difficult to penetrate through surface soil, so that the plant root systems cannot breathe normally. Simultaneously because the soil that is submerged by water is more closely relative, the root system is difficult to go deep into secret soil, causes the problem of the condition of the easy lodging of plant, in addition, fish can destroy this kind of nursery stock that has the root of respiration, has certain influence to the nursery stock growth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting pit and a planting method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background art and effectively and greatly improving the survival rate of arbor in shallow water planting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a plant hole, includes planting cave and the nursery stock of digging out, the hole has been seted up to the bottom in planting cave, and from the bottom up in planting cave in proper order backfill have planting soil C, backfill gravel, planting soil layer B, mix backfill layer, planting soil layer A, haydite and cover gravel, the root parcel of nursery stock has the cladding soil mixture, the outside winding of cladding soil mixture has fixed straw rope, the cladding soil mixture is fixed at the root of nursery stock through fixed straw rope, and the root is planted in planting soil layer A, mix backfill layer and planting soil layer B.
Preferably, the outside of nursery stock is provided with wooden support frame, the lower extreme of wooden support frame is provided with the guard ring, the inboard integrated into one piece of guard ring has the fixed block, the lower extreme fixed connection of fixed block and wooden support frame, the downside integrated into one piece of guard ring has the gear shaping, the both ends of guard ring are provided with draw-in groove and fixture block respectively, splice through draw-in groove and fixture block between the guard ring.
Preferably, the overlooking shapes of the clamping groove and the clamping block are dovetail, and the protective ring is spliced into a ring shape through the clamping groove and the clamping block and surrounds the outer side of the planting hole.
Preferably, the mixed backfill layer comprises biomass coke, gravels with the diameter of 20-30mm, ceramsite with the diameter of 20-30mm and planting soil.
Preferably, the coating mixed soil comprises gravels with the diameter of 15-20mm and ceramsite with the diameter of 20 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the covering gravels is 150mm, the thickness of the backfilling ceramsite is 80mm, the thickness of the planting soil layer A is 300mm, the thickness of the mixed backfill layer is 150mm, the thickness of the planting soil layer B is 200mm, the thickness of the backfilling gravels is 50mm, and the thickness of the planting soil C is 200 mm.
The invention also protects a shallow water planting method of the large bare-root nursery stock, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, excavating a planting hole, wherein the excavating diameter of the planting hole is at least 10 times of the breast diameter of the nursery stock, and the planting depth is consistent with the width of the planting hole;
step 3, wrapping the roots of the bare-rooted seedlings by a straw rope according to the ratio of 2: 1: 1:1, 20-30mm diameter gravel, 20-30mm diameter ceramsite and planting soil;
step 4, backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 200mm, and then backfilling gravels with the thickness of 50mm and the diameter of 20-30 mm;
step 6, backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 300 mm;
step 7, backfilling ceramsite with the thickness of 80mm and the diameter of 10-20 mm;
8, backfilling gravels with the thickness of 150mm and the diameter of 30-40mm, and covering the whole area of the tree pit;
and 9, installing a wood seedling fixing device to prevent the seedlings from toppling over.
The planting method of the invention further preferably adopts the technical scheme that: in step 9, the protective rings are spliced into a ring shape around the planting holes through the clamping grooves and the clamping blocks, the ring shape is inserted into the ground through the gear shaping for fixing, the lower end of the wood supporting frame is fixed on the fixing block, the upper end of the wood supporting frame is sleeved on the nursery stock to prevent the nursery stock from toppling over, and the protective rings prevent the covering gravel from rolling down to the periphery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) after the saplings are submerged by water, because the peripheries of the root systems of the saplings are made of relatively loose soil, gravels, ceramsite and other materials, the soil at the peripheries of the root systems cannot become particularly compact, and the normal growth of the roots of the saplings is facilitated; the compactness of the layered ceramsite and the layered gravel is lower than that of common soil, so that the normal upward growth of respiratory roots is facilitated; the biomass coke, ceramsite and other materials have a certain adsorption effect, can adsorb impurities in water, and the loose structure of the biomass coke and ceramsite is favorable for the downward growth of root systems; the small pit hole at the bottom of the tree pit leaves enough space for the tree root to grow downwards and plays a role in fixing the root system.
(2) After the nursery stock survives, the relatively loose layered structure is beneficial to the growth of the respiratory roots, the death of the plant roots due to the failure of normal respiration is prevented, and the gravel structure at the top can prevent the young and tender respiratory roots which grow out from being damaged by fishes. The biomass coke surface in the planting hole has high surface activity, and a large number of microorganisms can be propagated in the cellular gaps on the surface of the biomass coke surface, so that the fertility of the soil is improved, and required nutrients are provided for the root system.
(3) Through the supporting mechanism of design, conveniently support the plant, and the guard ring through the design also can carry out certain the blockking to the gravel under the circumstances of outrigger, prevents to cover the gravel and appears the phenomenon to the landing around.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a guard ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a guard ring according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. covering gravels; 2. backfilling ceramsite; 3. planting soil layer A; 4. mixing the backfill layer; 5. planting soil layer B; 6. backfilling gravel; 7. planting soil C; 8. coating mixed soil; 9. fixing the straw rope; 10. a wooden support frame; 11. a guard ring; 12. gear shaping; 13. a fixed block; 14. a card slot; 15. and (7) clamping blocks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present embodiment is illustrated by planting pond fir at the bank with a water depth of 400mm and a breast height of 12 cm.
The embodiment provides a technical scheme: a planting pit comprises a planting hole and a seedling, wherein the planting hole and the seedling are dug, the bottom of the planting hole is provided with a hole, the small hole at the bottom of the planting hole is used for leaving enough space for the tree root to grow downwards and playing a role of fixing a root system, planting soil C7, backfilling gravel 6, a planting soil layer B5, a mixed backfill layer 4, a planting soil layer A3, backfilling grains 2 and covering gravel 1 are sequentially backfilled in the planting hole from bottom to top, the root of the seedling is wrapped with wrapping mixed soil 8, a fixing straw rope 9 is wound on the outer side of the wrapping mixed soil 8, the wrapping mixed soil 8 is fixed at the root of the seedling through the fixing straw rope 9, the root is planted in the planting soil layer A3, the mixing backfill layer 4 and the planting soil layer B5, the density of the layered planting soil layer A3, the mixing backfill layer 4 and the planting soil layer B5 is lower than that of common soil, and the normal upward growth of the respiratory root is facilitated.
In this embodiment, it is preferred, the outside of nursery stock is provided with wooden support frame 10, the lower extreme of wooden support frame 10 is provided with guard ring 11, the inboard integrated into one piece of guard ring 11 has fixed block 13, fixed block 13 and the lower extreme fixed connection of wooden support frame 10, the downside integrated into one piece of guard ring 11 has gear shaping 12, the both ends of guard ring 11 are provided with draw-in groove 14 and fixture block 15 respectively, splice through draw-in groove 14 and fixture block 15 block between the guard ring 11, through the fixed of guard ring 11 and wooden support frame 10, can prevent that the nursery stock from empting, and prevent to cover gravel 1 through blockking of guard ring 11 and roll around.
In this embodiment, preferably, the top view of the clamping groove 14 and the clamping block 15 is dovetail-shaped, and the protection ring 11 is spliced into a ring shape through the clamping groove 14 and the clamping block 15 and surrounds the outer side of the planting hole, so that the clamping groove 14 and the clamping block 15 are more stable in splicing, and the planting hole is conveniently surrounded.
In this embodiment, preferably, the mixed backfill layer 4 comprises biomass coke, gravel with a diameter of 10mm, ceramsite with a diameter of 10-20mm, and planting soil, and the ratio of the biomass coke, the gravel, the ceramsite, and the planting soil is 2: 1: 1:1, the biomass coke, the ceramsite and other materials have certain adsorption effect, can adsorb impurities in water, and the loose structure of the biomass coke and the ceramsite is favorable for the downward growth of root systems.
In this embodiment, preferably, the covering mixed soil 8 comprises gravel with a diameter of 15mm and ceramsite with a diameter of 20mm, and the ratio of the gravel to the ceramsite is 1:1, the compactness of the ceramsite and the gravel is lower than that of common soil, so that the coated mixed soil 8 is beneficial to the normal upward growth of respiratory roots when in use.
In this embodiment, preferably, the thickness of the covering gravel 1 is 150mm, the thickness of the backfilling ceramsite 2 is 80mm, the thickness of the planting soil layer a3 is 300mm, the thickness of the mixed backfill layer 4 is 150mm, the thickness of the planting soil layer B5 is 200mm, the thickness of the backfilling gravel 6 is 50mm, and the thickness of the planting soil C7 is 200mm, so that the periphery of the root system of the seedling is made of relatively loose soil, gravel, ceramsite and other materials, and the soil around the root system cannot become particularly compact, which is beneficial to the normal growth of the root.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: after the invention is installed, firstly, the installation, fixation and safety protection of the invention are checked, then the invention can be used, and the planting hole is excavated: the diameter of the planting hole is at least 10 times of the breast diameter of the seedling, and the planting depth is consistent with the width of the planting hole; uniformly digging a plurality of holes with the diameter of about 100mm and the depth of 100mm at the bottom of the planting hole; the root of the bare-root nursery stock is wrapped by a fixed grass rope 9 according to the proportion of 2: 1: 1:1, coating mixed soil 8 consisting of biomass coke, 20-30mm diameter gravel, 10-20mm diameter ceramsite and planting soil, backfilling 200mm thick planting soil C7 in the planting holes, and backfilling 50mm thick and 20-30mm diameter gravel 6; then planting the nursery stock, and respectively backfilling a planting soil layer B5 with the thickness of 200mm and a mixed backfill layer 4 of biomass coke, gravel and ceramsite with the thickness of 50mm, wherein the ratio of the biomass coke to the gravel to the ceramsite is 5:3: 1; backfilling a planting soil layer A3 with the thickness of 300 mm; backfilling ceramsite 2 with the thickness of 80mm and the diameter of 10-20 mm; backfilling the gravel 1 with the thickness of 150mm and the diameter of 30-40mm, and covering the whole planting hole area, wherein after the nursery stock is submerged in water, the soil around the root system cannot become very compact due to the fact that the soil around the root system is made of relatively loose soil, gravel, ceramsite and other materials, and normal growth of the root is facilitated; the protective ring 11 is spliced into a ring shape around the planting hole through the clamping groove 14 and the clamping block 15, the ring shape is inserted into the ground through the gear shaping teeth 12 for fixing, the lower end of the wood support frame 10 is fixed on the fixing block 13, the upper end of the wood support frame is sleeved on the nursery stock to prevent the nursery stock from toppling over, and the covering gravel 1 is prevented from rolling down to the periphery through the blocking of the protective ring 11, so that the using process of the invention is completed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a plant hole, includes plant hole and the nursery stock of digging out, its characterized in that: the hole has been seted up to the bottom in kind cave, and from the bottom up in kind cave in proper order backfill have planting soil C (7), backfill gravel (6), planting soil layer B (5), mix backfill layer (4), planting soil layer A (3), backfill haydite (2) and cover gravel (1), the root parcel of nursery stock has cladding mixed soil (8), the outside winding of cladding mixed soil (8) has fixed straw rope (9), the root at the nursery stock is fixed through fixed straw rope (9) in cladding mixed soil (8), and the root is planted in planting soil layer A (3), mix backfill layer (4) and planting soil layer B (5).
2. A planting pit according to claim 1, wherein: the outside of nursery stock is provided with wooden support frame (10), the lower extreme of wooden support frame (10) is provided with guard ring (11), guard ring (11) inboard integrated into one piece has fixed block (13), the lower extreme fixed connection of fixed block (13) and wooden support frame (10), the downside integrated into one piece of guard ring (11) has gear shaping (12), the both ends of guard ring (11) are provided with draw-in groove (14) and fixture block (15) respectively, splice through draw-in groove (14) and fixture block (15) block between guard ring (11).
3. A planting pit according to claim 2, wherein: the overlooking shapes of the clamping groove (14) and the clamping block (15) are dovetail, and the protective ring (11) is spliced into a ring shape through the clamping groove (14) and the clamping block (15) and surrounds the outer side of the planting hole.
4. A planting pit according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed backfill layer (4) comprises biomass coke, gravels with the diameter of 20-30mm, ceramsite with the diameter of 20-30mm and planting soil.
5. A planting pit according to claim 1, wherein: the coating mixed soil (8) comprises gravels with the diameter of 15-20mm and ceramsite with the diameter of 20 mm.
6. A planting pit according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the covering gravel (1) is 150mm, the thickness of the backfilling ceramsite (2) is 80mm, the thickness of the planting soil layer A (3) is 300mm, the thickness of the mixed backfill layer (4) is 150mm, the thickness of the planting soil layer B (5) is 200mm, the thickness of the backfilling gravel (6) is 50mm, and the thickness of the planting soil C (7) is 200 mm.
7. A shallow water planting method of large bare-root nursery stocks is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, excavating a planting hole, wherein the excavating diameter of the planting hole is at least 10 times of the breast diameter of the nursery stock, and the planting depth is consistent with the width of the planting hole;
step 2, uniformly digging a plurality of holes with the diameter of 100mm and the depth of 100mm at the bottom of the planting hole;
step 3, wrapping the roots of the bare-rooted seedlings by a straw rope according to the ratio of 2: 1: 1:1, 20-30mm diameter gravel, 20-30mm diameter ceramsite and planting soil;
step 4, backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 200mm, and then backfilling gravels with the thickness of 50mm and the diameter of 20-30 mm;
step 5, planting the nursery stocks, and backfilling a mixture of 200mm planting soil, 150mm biomass coke, gravels and a solid slow-release fertilizer in a ratio of 5:3: 1;
step 6, backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 300 mm;
step 7, backfilling ceramsite with the thickness of 80mm and the diameter of 10-20 mm;
8, backfilling gravels with the thickness of 150mm and the diameter of 30-40mm, and covering the whole area of the tree pit;
and 9, installing a wood seedling fixing device to prevent the seedlings from toppling over.
8. The shallow water planting method of large bare-rooted seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step 9, the protective rings are spliced into a ring shape around the planting holes through the clamping grooves and the clamping blocks, the ring shape is inserted into the ground through the gear shaping for fixing, the lower end of the wood supporting frame is fixed on the fixing block, the upper end of the wood supporting frame is sleeved on the nursery stock to prevent the nursery stock from toppling over, and the protective rings prevent the covering gravel from rolling down to the periphery.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911187740.XA CN110720373A (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Shallow water planting method for large bare-root nursery stocks and planting pits thereof |
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| CN201911187740.XA CN110720373A (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Shallow water planting method for large bare-root nursery stocks and planting pits thereof |
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| CN117813971A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-05 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Transplanting mechanism based on ecological restoration of degraded grassland |
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| CN115349376A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-18 | 北京正和恒基国际城市规划设计有限公司 | Planting hole structure and construction method |
| CN117813971A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-05 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Transplanting mechanism based on ecological restoration of degraded grassland |
| CN117813971B (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-30 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Transplanting mechanism based on ecological restoration of degraded grassland |
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