CN106698813A - Functional rainwater garden applicable to sponge community - Google Patents

Functional rainwater garden applicable to sponge community Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106698813A
CN106698813A CN201611087773.3A CN201611087773A CN106698813A CN 106698813 A CN106698813 A CN 106698813A CN 201611087773 A CN201611087773 A CN 201611087773A CN 106698813 A CN106698813 A CN 106698813A
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
garden
functional form
zeolite
gravel
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CN201611087773.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑菲
詹茂华
程寒飞
朱红生
李育松
杨帆
吴述园
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Huatian Engineering and Technology Corp MCC
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Huatian Engineering and Technology Corp MCC
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Priority to CN201611087773.3A priority Critical patent/CN106698813A/en
Publication of CN106698813A publication Critical patent/CN106698813A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03FSEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001Runoff or storm water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1268Membrane bioreactor systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60Planning or developing urban green infrastructure

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional rainwater garden applicable to a sponge community. The functional rainwater garden comprises a pre-percolation layer, a water storage layer and an overflowing facility, wherein the pre-percolation layer comprises an annular edge slope arranged at the periphery of the garden; a zeolite-active carbon filtering system is laid on the annular edge slope; a part, far away from the garden, of the annular edge slope is higher than a part close to the garden; the water storage layer comprises a covering layer, a planting soil layer, a percolation layer and a filling layer which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; an overflowing pipe of the overflowing facility penetrates into the water storage layer along the vertical direction; an overflowing hole of the overflowing facility is higher than the water storage layer. According to the functional rainwater garden, a multi-grade percolation system composed of the pre-percolation layer, an active carbon layer and the water storage layer has the effects of filtering, precipitating, permeating and adsorbing rainfall runoff, carrying out ion exchange, biodegradation and plant absorption and the like, and pollutants including heavy metal, organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus and the like in the runoff are reduced, so that absorption and purification of the runoff are realized; water for greenbelts is reduced, and urban waterlogging and municipal drainage pressure are alleviated; a heat island effect is alleviated and an ecological city is constructed.

Description

A kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community, belong to rainwater runoff pollution control technology Field.
Background technology
With the continuous quickening of Development of Urbanization, urban waterlogging, early-stage rainwater pollution and the black smelly problem in river course are more and more tighter Weight.City internal water system is constantly reduced, and underlying surface Permeable stratum area increases, and causes rainfall runoff impenetrably to ooze under face, is formed After ponding serious waterlogging is caused in urban inner.While rainfall runoff washes away road surface and carries high concentration heavy metal, hydro carbons The pollutant such as organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus, can also cause early-stage rainwater pollution problem.There are some researches show the discharge of each pollutant makes There is great variety in the water quality of urban rainfall runoff, pollutant concentration is significantly larger than the class of water environment quality standard V in runoff Water, early-stage rainwater through drainage pipeline into severe contamination is caused after natural water, so as to aggravate the black smelly problem in river course.Urban waterlogging With the development that early-stage rainwater runoff pollution problem has started to restrict China's economic, the enhancing rainwater stagnant storage that takes appropriate measures, under Ooze and control runoff pollution of area source extremely urgent.
A large amount of rainwater are caused not obtain effectively based on traditional, large-scale Municipal Drainage Engineering control rainfall runoff Recycle, cause water resource serious waste.And be based on it is low influence development technique rainwater control technology include ooze, it is stagnant, store, Only, with, row etc. various methods, it is intended to flow mode and pollutant are reduced by scattered, small-scale Sources controlling and are contained Amount, makes the hydrologic cycle of development area access expansion as far as possible.The common low influence development technique of urban construction includes permeable pavement, plants Careless ditch and biological delay (Rain Garden) etc..Rain Garden is that a kind of rainwater of ecological sustainability is controlled and utilizes facility, can Retention rainfall runoff, controls Modes for Urban Stormwater Runoff Pollution, moreover it is possible to beautifying city, purify air, it is easy to which landscape is combined, in sponge city It is used widely in city's construction.
Rain Garden is to have soil infiltration concurrently and rainwater stores the depression of function, by plant absorption, microbial degradation and Soil media filtration stores stagnant purifying rainwater, and is allowed to gradually penetrate into soil, recharging groundwater.Rain Garden is constructed by upper And under be followed successively by coating, planting soil layer, aquifer and gravel layer.Function includes water and Water-quality control two parts:One side Outer row's run-off is reduced by being detained cumulative effect flood peak clipping flow in face;On the one hand retained by plant and soil filtration is made With control runoff pollution.But rain water pollutant is numerous, complicated component, soil is limited to the removal ability of pollutant, causes often Rule Rain Garden is relatively low for the adsorption capacity of some high concentration heavy metals or organic matter, so that the water body containing pollutant is saturating Cross soil filtering layer, layer of sand and enter underground water, cause underground water pollution.
Existing Rain Garden design mainly considers the stagnant peak effect of its retaining, and weakens catharsis, for initial stage rain The contaminant removal capacity such as heavy metal, organic matter is limited in water, does not take effective intensive treatment means, there is pollutant and goes out Water concentration is higher, again the problem of pollution cleaning water body.
The content of the invention
Regarding to the issue above, the present invention is in a kind of functional form Rain Garden for processing early-stage rainwater of offer, the Rain Garden Design multistage filtration system to strengthen the ability of the pollutants such as removing heavy metals, organic matter, reach treatment early-stage rainwater pollution Purpose.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community of the invention, including pre- filter layer, Aquifer and overfall facility;
The pre- filter layer includes being arranged on the annular side slope on garden periphery, and the annular side slope upper berth is provided with zeolite-work Property charcoal filtration system, the annular side slope away from garden position higher than near garden position;
The aquifer includes the coating, planting soil layer, filter layer and the packing layer that from top to bottom set gradually;
The overflow pipe of the overfall facility is vertically arranged in the aquifer, and the overfall of the overfall facility is high In the aquifer.
Further, the zeolite-activated carbon filtration system is mixed by gravel, activated carbon and zeolite, the gravel Volumn concentration be 40%, the volumn concentration of activated carbon is 30%, and the volumn concentration of zeolite is 30%.
Further, the planting soil layer includes formula soil and the vegetation being planted in formula soil;
The formula soil by weight/mass percentage composition be 70% Chinese garden planting soil, 10% organic fertilizer, 10% nitrogen fixation flora and 10% organism decomposes flora and mixes, and the thickness range of the formula soil is 25~50cm;
The vegetation is draft or shrub with moisture-proof and drought-enduring performance, and the vegetation height scope is 25-65cm.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer is preferably peat soil, cow dung or other bio-feritlizers;The nitrogen fixation flora can be provided Plant nutrient;The organic matter decomposes flora and can participate in the decomposition of the organisms such as leaf, residual branch.Microorganism cooperates, can To increase trace element, strengthen soil fertility, promote plant growth.
Further, the filter layer is mixed by middle sand and charcoal, and the weight/mass percentage composition of the middle sand is 60%, the scope in sand grains footpath is 0.25~0.5mm;The weight/mass percentage composition of the charcoal is 40%, the filter layer Thickness range is 10~20cm;
Further, the charcoal is mixed by stalk and sludge, wherein the weight/mass percentage composition of the stalk is 40%, the weight/mass percentage composition of the sludge is 60%.
Further, described filler layer includes the haydite layer, zeolite-activated carbon mixed layer and the gravel that from top to bottom set gradually Rock layers;
The haydite layer is made up of the haydite that flyash and kaolin are fired, and the thickness of the haydite layer is 15cm, The particle size range of haydite is 2-4mm, and porosity is 0.32-0.45;
The thickness of the zeolite-activated carbon mixed layer is 15cm, and the particle size range of zeolite and activated carbon is 2~10mm, hole Gap rate is 0.32-0.49;
The gravel layer is made up of gravel, and the thickness of gravel layer is 30cm, and grain size of gravel scope is 2-10mm, and porosity is 0.36-0.51。
Further, overfall is provided with the overflow pipe, the overfall is convexly curved, and the overfall is higher by The planting soil layer 6cm, while less than greenery patches 3cm around garden, the caliber scope of the overflow pipe is 10~18cm.
Further, planted in the side slope and be implanted with vegetation, the vegetation is herbaceous plant Festuca Arundinacea or rye grass.
Further, the coating is the bark crushed, and the thickness of the coating is 5~8cm.
Further, the range of grade of the annular side slope is 1:1.5~1:3..
The present invention passes through rainfall runoff in infitration process by pre- filter layer 2, biology layer of charcoal 3-3 and activated carbon-zeolite The mixed layer 3-4-2 multistages precipitation of filtration system, absorption, ion exchange, denitrogenation, biomembrane is aoxidized and plant root is to nitrogen phosphorus The effect such as absorption after reach the purpose for significantly cutting down the Runoff contaminants such as heavy metal, organic matter.Meanwhile, rainfall runoff is defaulted In retaining purifying layer, it is progressively slow under ooze, eventually for supplement soil of greenbelt water content, realize whole absorptions of rainfall runoff Purification, reduces Greenland Irrigation water.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of the embodiment of the present invention one.
In figure:Greenery patches 1, pre- filter layer 2, aquifer 3, overfall facility 4, arrow 5 represents rainfall runoff direction.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community, including pre- filter layer 2, the and of aquifer 3 Overfall facility 4.
Wherein, pre- filter layer 2 includes side slope and the zeolite-activated carbon filtration system being covered in side slope and grass planting, side Slope is located at the junction in greenery patches around garden and garden, and side slope 2 is about 30 °, zeolite-activated carbon filtering with the angle of horizontal direction System by volumn concentration for 40% gravel, 30% activated carbon and 30% zeolite are mixed, zeolite-activated carbon filtration system Thickness be 8~10cm, the particle size range of gravel, activated carbon and zeolite is 3~8cm, and the grass planting is that perennial herb is planted Thing Festuca Arundinacea, rye grass etc..
Aquifer 3 encloses the space for constituting by the bottom level of side slope and Rain Garden, and aquifer 3 compares surrounding greenery patches To recessed 15~20cm.
Coating 3-1, planting soil layer 3-2, filter layer 3-3, packing layer 3- are respectively arranged with from top to bottom along aquifer 3 4.Coating 3-1 is the bark crushed, and thickness is 5~8cm.Planting soil layer 3-2 is 70% gardens kind by weight/mass percentage composition Plant soil, 10% organic fertilizer, 10% nitrogen fixation flora and 10% organism to decompose flora and mix, thickness is 20~50cm.Diafiltration Layer 3-3 is that sand and 40% biological carbonaceous are mixed in 60% by weight/mass percentage composition, the filter layer laying depth is 10~ 20cm, the sand grains footpath is 0.25~0.5mm, and the charcoal is that 40% stalk and 60% sludge are mixed by weight/mass percentage composition Charing is formed after conjunction.Packing layer 3-4 is made up of haydite layer 3-4-1, zeolite-activated carbon mixed layer 3-4-2 and gravel layer 3-4-3, Thickness is 60cm.Haydite layer 3-4-1 is the porous water conservation haydite that flyash and kaolin are fired, and thickness is 15cm, particle diameter is 2~ 4mm, porosity is 0.32-0.45;Activated carbon-zeolite mixed layer 3-4-2 thickness is 15cm, and particle diameter is 2~10mm, and porosity is 0.32-0.49;Gravel layer 3-4-3 thickness is 30cm, and particle diameter is 2-10.mm, and porosity is 0.36-0.51.
Overfall facility 4 is the overflow pipe of the thickness direction through aquifer, with overfall, is convexly curved, overfall Planting soil layer 6cm is higher by, less than community greenery patches 3cm described in periphery, caliber is 10~18cm.
Operation principle of the invention is as follows:When there is rainfall, greenery patches 1 produces rainfall runoff 5, due to Action of Gravity Field rainfall , by entering Rain Garden after buffering, preliminary filtering, precipitation, the absorption of pre- filter layer 2, rainfall runoff 5 is first by coating for runoff 5 Planting soil layer 3-2, biological layer of charcoal 3-3, haydite layer 3-4-1, activated carbon-zeolite is sequentially passed through after being oozed under the tree skin layer of 3-1 to mix Close layer 3-4-2 and gravel layer 3-4-3.
A kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community of the invention, is passed through by rainfall runoff in infitration process Pre- filter layer 2, biology layer of charcoal 3-3 and activated carbon-precipitation of zeolite mixed layer 3-4-2 multistage filtration systems, absorption, ion are handed over Change, denitrogenation, biomembrane oxidation and plant root significantly cut down heavy metal in runoff, have to being reached after the effect such as absorption of nitrogen phosphorus The purpose of the pollutants such as machine thing.Meanwhile, rainfall runoff by defaulted in retaining purifying layer, it is progressively slow under ooze, eventually for benefit Soil of greenbelt water content is filled, whole absorption cleanings of rainfall runoff are realized, Greenland Irrigation water is reduced.
More than, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any to be familiar with sheet Those skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in should all be covered Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain that protection scope of the present invention should be defined by claim is defined.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community, it is characterised in that:Including pre- filter layer, aquifer and overflow Facility;
The pre- filter layer includes being arranged on the annular side slope on garden periphery, and the annular side slope upper berth is provided with zeolite-activated carbon Filtration system, the annular side slope is higher than near the position in garden away from the position in garden;
The aquifer includes the coating, planting soil layer, filter layer and the packing layer that from top to bottom set gradually;
The overflow pipe of the overfall facility is vertically arranged in the aquifer, and the overfall of the overfall facility is higher than institute State aquifer.
2. a kind of functional form Rain Garden for sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The boiling Stone-activated carbon filtration system is mixed by gravel, activated carbon and zeolite, and the volumn concentration of the gravel is 40%, living Property charcoal volumn concentration be 30%, the volumn concentration of zeolite is 30%.
3. a kind of functional form Rain Garden for sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The plantation Soil horizon includes formula soil and the vegetation being planted in formula soil;
The formula soil is 70% Chinese garden planting soil by weight/mass percentage composition, 10% organic fertilizer, 10% nitrogen fixation flora and 10% have Body decomposes flora and mixes, and the thickness range of the formula soil is 25~50cm;
The vegetation is draft or shrub, and the vegetation height scope is 25-65cm.
4. a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to ooze Filtering layer is mixed by middle sand and charcoal, and the weight/mass percentage composition of the middle sand is 60%, and the scope in sand grains footpath is 0.25 ~0.5mm;The weight/mass percentage composition of the charcoal is 40%, and the thickness range of the filter layer is 10~20cm.
5. a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The life Thing charcoal is mixed by stalk and sludge, wherein the weight/mass percentage composition of the stalk is 40%, the quality percentage of the sludge Content is 60%.
6. the functional form Rain Garden of a kind of sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described filler layer bag Include haydite layer, zeolite-activated carbon mixed layer and the gravel layer for from top to bottom setting gradually;
The haydite layer is made up of the haydite that flyash and kaolin are fired, and the thickness of the haydite layer is 15cm, haydite Particle size range be 2-4mm, porosity is 0.32-0.45;
The thickness of the zeolite-activated carbon mixed layer is 15cm, and the particle size range of zeolite and activated carbon is 2~10mm, porosity It is 0.32-0.49;
The gravel layer is made up of gravel, and the thickness of gravel layer is 30cm, and grain size of gravel scope is 2-10mm, and porosity is 0.36-0.51。
7. a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to overflow Stream facility includes an overflow pipe, and the upper end of the overflow pipe is convexly curved, and the overfall is higher by the planting soil layer 6cm, while less than greenery patches 3cm around garden, the caliber scope of the overflow pipe is 10~18cm.
8. a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The side Planted on slope and be implanted with vegetation, the vegetation is herbaceous plant Festuca Arundinacea or rye grass.
9. a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to cover Cap rock is the bark crushed, and the thickness of the coating is 5~8cm.
10. a kind of functional form Rain Garden suitable for sponge community according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described The range of grade of annular side slope is 1:1.5~1:3.
CN201611087773.3A 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 Functional rainwater garden applicable to sponge community Pending CN106698813A (en)

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CN110720373A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-01-24 仲恺农业工程学院 Shallow water planting method for large bare-root nursery stocks and planting pits thereof
CN110820913A (en) * 2019-12-04 2020-02-21 西安建筑科技大学 Rainwater comprehensive treatment system
CN112352493A (en) * 2020-10-24 2021-02-12 湖南高尔园林绿化工程有限公司 Sponge urban ecological moisturizing system and application thereof in urban engineering
CN112502261A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-16 中冶南方城市建设工程技术有限公司 Formula of sinking greenery patches structure with nitrogen and phosphorus removal function
CN113216350A (en) * 2021-01-20 2021-08-06 宁波大学 Bioretention pond suitable for coastal sponge city and device and method for optimizing performance of filling medium of bioretention pond
CN113502706A (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-10-15 同济大学 Permeation paving structure for enhancing denitrification effect by biochar
CN114246023A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-29 南京信息工程大学 A method of using sludge biochar to improve planting soil in bioretention ponds
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CN118327116A (en) * 2024-03-28 2024-07-12 智泉环保科技(苏州)有限公司 Rainwater garden structure

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CN110219357A (en) * 2019-05-21 2019-09-10 筑邦建设集团股份有限公司 Multifunctional sponge urban municipal road biological cleaning stranded belt and its construction technology
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CN115872483A (en) * 2021-09-28 2023-03-31 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Matrix for improving hydraulic load of sewage soil infiltration system
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