CN115349376A - Planting hole structure and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a planting hole structure and a construction method, which relate to the technical field of ecological construction and comprise a planting hole body; the bottom of the planting hole body is provided with an underlayer, a rubble layer is laid above the underlayer, a non-woven fabric layer is laid above the rubble layer, a planting soil layer is arranged above the non-woven fabric layer and used for planting nursery stocks, and a ceramsite layer is arranged above the planting soil layer; this kind of structure increases soil ventilative, water permeability and soil fertility, promotes ponding infiltration simultaneously, and the subbase sets up a plurality of drain pipes, and a plurality of drain pipe tops extend to the metalling, and the bottom vertical fixation of a plurality of drainages is in the four corners of digging good escape canal in advance, and water is discharged through the bottom of drain pipe, can avoid the root of nursery stock to be soaked like this, provides suitable growing environment for the nursery stock root.

Description

Planting hole structure and construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological construction, in particular to a planting hole structure and a construction method.

Background

Along with the increasing construction of urban parks, areas such as park squares, urban squares, station squares and the like are always places where people gather and have leisure. The nursery stocks on the square play a role in beautifying the environment and improving the life happiness index of people while providing places for people to enjoy cool and rest.

In the square construction process, measures such as tamping, mixing lime soil and the like are generally required to be carried out on a soil base layer to ensure that the compactness is achieved because the compactness of the square base is ensured, and then substances such as concrete, mortar and the like are applied on the soil base layer, so that the total structural thickness of the square base can reach 1m or more; the method changes soil quality, has poor soil water permeability and no soil nutrition, and damages the seedling growth environment, so that the seedling growth is not facilitated any more. Meanwhile, most of reserved tree pit cavities in the square are small, so that deep excavation of planting pits is not facilitated, and particularly in clay pit areas, clay pit layers are deep, soil moisture cannot seep and be discharged, and roots of seedlings die due to long-term soaking.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a planting hole structure and a construction method, and aims to solve the problems that reserved tree holes in the prior art are small, deep excavation of planting holes is not facilitated, particularly clay hole layers are deep in clay hole areas, soil moisture cannot seep and be discharged, and roots of nursery stocks die due to root rot caused by long-term soaking.

In view of the above, in a first aspect, the present application provides a planting hole structure, including: a planting hole body;

the bottom of the planting hole body is provided with an underlayer, a rubble layer is laid above the underlayer, a non-woven fabric layer is laid above the rubble layer, a planting soil layer is arranged above the non-woven fabric layer and used for planting nursery stocks, and a ceramsite layer is arranged above the planting soil layer;

the subbase layer is provided with a plurality of drain pipes, and the tops of the drain pipes extend to the gravel layer;

still include the blue or green tile layer, the blue or green tile layer is located the top on pottery granule layer, the blue or green tile layer sets up to cascaded, the blue or green tile layer divide into first ladder and second ladder, the second ladder is in the inboard of first ladder, and the second ladder highly be higher than first ladder, the first ladder on blue or green tile layer centers on plant cave body top is laid.

Furthermore, the drainage pipe is provided with four drainage pipes, and the bottoms of the four drainage pipes are vertically inserted into the bottom base layer.

Furtherly, still include the drinking-water pipe, the drinking-water pipe sets up to two, and two drinking-water pipes insert from last to down to the slope the ceramsite layer, plant soil layer, non-woven fabrics layer and bottom extend to the metalling.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a construction method, which is applied to the above-mentioned plant hole structure, and the method includes:

after the planting hole body is dug to a preset height and width, four corners of the subbase layer are dug to drainage ditches with preset depths;

using wooden piles to form four holes with preset heights at the lowest points of the four corners of the drainage ditch, and then vertically inserting the four drainage pipes into the holes;

will the length of drain pipe and the predetermined high matching in hole treat the drain pipe of subbase accomplishes the back, from supreme metalling, non-woven fabrics layer, planting soil layer and the haydite layer of laying down, just two the bottom of drinking-water pipe insert the metalling to one side, insert the back, the top of drinking-water pipe exceeds a plane take the altitude.

Furthermore, the four drain pipes are vertically inserted into the holes, and the method specifically comprises the following operations:

putting a plurality of crushed stones with the diameter of 3-5CM into the drain pipe, inserting the top of the drain pipe into the crushed stone layer 10CM, and simultaneously wrapping the top end face of the drain pipe with non-woven fabrics, wherein the pipe body of the drain pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlets and wrapped with non-woven fabrics.

Further, after the operation that the top of the pumping pipe is higher than the plane by a certain height, the method also comprises the following steps:

controlling two water pumping pipes to be obliquely inserted into the ceramsite layer, the planting soil layer and the non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, wherein the bottoms of the two water pumping pipes extend to the gravel layer by 15 CM;

the control operation is two the pipe shaft of drinking-water pipe sets up a plurality of delivery ports, just the drain pipe shaft adopts the non-woven fabrics parcel.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the planting hole structure and the construction method provided by the invention have the following technical effects:

the planting hole structure and the construction method comprise the following steps: planting a hole body; the bottom of the planting hole body is provided with a bottom base layer, a rubble layer is laid above the bottom base layer, a non-woven fabric layer is laid above the rubble layer, a planting soil layer is arranged above the non-woven fabric layer and used for planting nursery stocks, and a ceramsite layer is arranged above the planting soil layer; this kind of structure increases soil ventilative, water permeability and soil fertility, promotes ponding infiltration simultaneously, and the subbase sets up a plurality of drain pipes, and a plurality of drain pipe tops extend to the metalling, and the bottom vertical fixation of a plurality of drainages is in the four corners of digging good escape canal in advance, and water is discharged through the bottom of drain pipe, can avoid the root of nursery stock to be soaked like this, provides suitable growing environment for the nursery stock root.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a plant hole structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

icon: 100-planting hole body; 110-an underlayer; 111-drain pipe; 120-a crushed stone layer; 130-a non-woven fabric layer; 140-planting soil layer; 141-planting grooves; 200-a water pumping pipe; 300-a layer of cyan tile;

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the square construction process, measures such as tamping, mixing with lime-soil and the like are generally needed to be carried out on a soil base layer to ensure that the compactness is achieved due to the fact that the compactness of the square base is ensured, and then substances such as concrete, mortar and the like are applied on the soil base layer, so that the total structural thickness of the square base can reach 1m or more; the method changes soil quality, has poor soil water permeability and no soil nutrition, and damages the seedling growth environment, so that the seedling growth is not facilitated any more. Meanwhile, most of reserved tree holes in the square are small, deep excavation of planting holes is not facilitated, especially in clay hole areas, clay hole layers are deep, soil moisture cannot seep downwards, and the roots of nursery stocks die due to long-term soaking and root rot.

The adoption of the scheme has the following disadvantages:

(1) The most comparison in clay area impervious bed is deep, and rubble and drinking-water pipe are only laid to this scheme, and the short time can reach drainage effect, nevertheless sees for a long time, especially implements a month in rainy season after, and planting soil water permeability is poor, and the rainwater mixes soil and becomes mud, and the short time can't infiltrate down the rubble layer, and ponding is not followed through the drinking-water pipe and is discharged, and mud closely wraps up the root simultaneously, and it breathes to restrain plant roots, and then leads to the nursery stock to grow weak lightly, and it is dead to lead to the nursery stock seriously.

(2) Because the accumulated water in the planting hole needs to be drained from the upper layer through the water pumping pipe, the personnel is required to regularly check the water level invisibility in the planting hole, and the maintenance cost is increased.

(3) Because square pit reserved hole is all smaller usually, is unfavorable for the degree of depth excavation of pit, and this scheme pit adopts the back taper that big end down, is unfavorable for falling to the ground, and along with the degree of difficulty of excavation increase manual excavation more and more big, the cost is higher and higher, uneconomic.

(4) In order to ensure the overall landscape effect, the soil balls cannot exceed the square paving surface, so that the seedling root systems are sealed at the lower layer, except the top surface, the rest of the seedling root systems are covered by the soil layer and the concrete layer, the overall permeability is poor, and the normal respiration of the plant root systems is inhibited.

Through planting cave structure and construction method that technical scheme of this application provided, excavate and reserve less plant pit hole, especially, in clay cave area, clay cave layer is deep, can change the ratio of planting soil layer clay, increased the fertility of planting soil layer ventilative, water permeability and soil, provide suitable environment for the root of nursery stock, the subbase has increased a plurality of drain pipes, and the drain pipe can promote the rainwater to infiltrate down to the subbase and discharge, avoid the root of nursery stock to soak the rainwater for a long time simultaneously and rot die.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the implant hole structure provided in the present embodiment includes an implant hole body 100;

the bottom of the planting hole body 100 is provided with the subbase layer 110, the gravel layer 120 is laid above the subbase layer 110, the non-woven fabric layer 130 is laid above the gravel layer 120, the non-woven fabric layer 130 prevents the loss of planting soil in the planting soil layer 140, meanwhile, the non-woven fabric layer 130 can filter impurities in reclaimed water in the planting soil layer 140, the planting soil layer 140 is arranged above the non-woven fabric layer 130, the non-woven fabric layer 130 is used for planting nursery stocks, soil balls at the roots of the nursery stocks exceed 27CM of the square and square plane, a ceramsite layer is arranged above the planting soil layer 140, water sources are irrigated after the planting of the nursery stocks, sufficient and thorough watering is carried out at one time, the hanging of nutrient solutions is completed after the irrigation, and the ceramsite layer can enable the landscape to be more beautiful and can prevent dust from being raised by strong wind in a tree pool;

and the ceramsite in the ceramsite layer has strong water absorption and water retention capacity, is not easy to evaporate, can keep the water required by the growth of the nursery stock for a long time, and the structure has good water permeability and air permeability, thereby providing a proper environment for the root of the nursery stock.

In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, the green tile layer 300 is configured as a step type, the green tile layer 300 is divided into a first step and a second step, the second step is located inside the first step, the height of the second step is the first step, the first step of the green tile layer 300 is laid around the top end of the plant hole body 100, the plant hole body 100 is lifted by the green tile layer 300, the excavation depth and width of the plant hole body 100 are reduced, the labor cost is saved, and meanwhile, the combination of the green tile layer 300 and the nursery stock achieves the landscape effect.

The base layer 110 is provided with a plurality of drain pipes 111, the plurality of drain pipes 111 can drain redundant rainwater of the base layer 110, and in order to prevent the roots of the nursery stocks from being soaked for a long time and rotten and dead by rainwater, the tops of the plurality of drain pipes 111 extend to the gravel layer 120.

Preferably, the thickness of the gravel layer 120 is 20CM, and the gravel layer 120 is to be matched with the planting soil 140 for rainwater infiltration to the underlayer 110.

In a preferred scheme, please refer to fig. 1, four drain pipes 111 are provided, the bottom of the four drain pipes 111 is vertically inserted into the sub-base 110, the four drain pipes 111 are divided into two groups, each two drain pipes are symmetrically inserted into the sub-base 110, and a plurality of crushed stones with diameters of 3-5CM are put into the drain pipes 111, in practical application, the diameters of the crushed stones can be 3CM, 4CM and 5CM, the crushed stones with the diameters cannot block the top ports of the drain pipes 111 due to too large diameters, or the crushed stones with too small diameters cannot have a bedding effect on the bottoms of the drain pipes 111, the crushed stones laid at the bottoms of the drain pipes 111 facilitate the drainage of rainwater, a crushed stone layer is inserted into the top of the drain pipes 111, and meanwhile, the top end surfaces of the drain pipes 111 are wrapped with non-woven fabrics, the pipes of the drain pipes 111 are provided with a plurality of water outlets, the pipes of the drain pipes 111 are wrapped with non-woven fabrics, and the drain pipes 111 can promote the rainwater to infiltrate downwards.

In a preferred scheme, please refer to fig. 1, the suction pipes 200 set up to two, two suction pipes 200 from last to inserting the granule layer to one side down, plant soil layer 140, non-woven fabrics layer 130 and the bottom extends to gravel layer 120 degree of depth 15CM, the top tower of suction pipe 200 is established on the inner wall on planting cave body 100 top, the top of two suction pipes 200 exceeds certain height of square plane, when specifically applying, the top surface port of suction pipe 200 exceeds 20CM of square plane, and suction pipe 200 top surface port reserves height 1-2CM of higher nursery stock root soil ball, the port of suction pipe 200 top surface is covered with plastic film, 2 CM's round hole is reserved to suction pipe 200 top surface port, suction pipe 200 top surface round hole and plastic film cooperation can the entering of external debris and rainwater evaded, suction pipe 200 can observe the rainwater in underlayer 110 bottom, when the rainwater is too much in underlayer 110 bottom, suction pipe 200 cooperation pumping equipment discharges unnecessary rainwater out underlayer 110, two suction pipe 200's the pipe body sets up a plurality of delivery ports, the pipe body of two suction pipe 200 places the pipe body 0.6-120.140, two thirds of suction pipe 200 places the suction pipe body, two suction pipe 200 during the seedling layer, it is convenient for the soil layer to flow over two, suction pipe 200, suction pipe 140 the soil layer is planted, suction pipe 140 more the soil layer of the soil layer, the suction pipe 200 is taken the soil layer is taken as the soil layer.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the drain pipe 111 is made of PVC, which is acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, antimicrobial, and wear-resistant, so as to increase the service life of the drain pipe 111.

In this embodiment, the pumping pipe 200 is made of PVC, which is acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, antimicrobial, and wear-resistant, thereby increasing the service life of the pumping pipe 200.

The construction method of the planting hole structure in the embodiment is explained as follows:

after the planting hole body is dug out to be in a preset height and width, four corners of the subbase layer are dug out to be drainage ditches in a preset depth;

adopting wooden piles to form four holes with preset height at the lowest points of the four corners of the drainage ditch, and then vertically inserting the four drainage pipes into the holes;

will the length of drain pipe and the predetermined high matching in hole treat the drain pipe of subbase accomplishes the back, from supreme metalling, non-woven fabrics layer, planting soil layer and the haydite layer of laying down, just two the bottom of drinking-water pipe insert the metalling to one side, insert the back, the top of drinking-water pipe exceeds a plane take the altitude.

Furthermore, the four drainage pipes are vertically inserted into the holes, and the method specifically comprises the following operations:

putting a plurality of crushed stones with the diameter of 3-5CM into the drain pipe, inserting the top of the drain pipe into the crushed stone layer 10CM, wrapping the top end face of the drain pipe with non-woven fabrics, arranging a plurality of water outlets on the pipe body of the drain pipe, and wrapping the pipe body of the drain pipe with non-woven fabrics.

Further, after the operation that the top of the pumping pipe is higher than the plane by a certain height, the method also comprises the following steps:

controlling two water pumping pipes to be obliquely inserted into the ceramsite layer, the planting soil layer and the non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, wherein the bottoms of the two water pumping pipes extend to the gravel layer by 15CM, the top of each water pumping pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the top end of the planting hole body in a tower manner, and the tops of the two water pumping pipes are higher than the plane by a certain height;

the control operation is two the pipe shaft of drinking-water pipe sets up a plurality of delivery ports, just the drain pipe shaft adopts the non-woven fabrics parcel.

In summary, referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, after the concrete construction of the square is completed, but before the plane layer of the square is not constructed, the excavation work of the plant pit body 100 is performed, after the plant pit body 100 is excavated to the preset height and width, further, four corners of the sub-base layer 110 are excavated to the preset depth, at the lowest point of the four corners of the drainage, four holes with preset height are drilled by using wood piles, then four drainage pipes 111 are vertically inserted into the holes, the length of the drainage pipes 111 matches with the preset height of the holes, after the drainage pipes 111 of the sub-base layer 110 are completed, the gravel layer 120, the non-woven fabric layer 130 and the planting soil layer 140 are laid from below, the planting soil layer 140 is provided with the planting grooves 141, planting soil 140 reserves planting groove 141 matched with soil ball of seedling root, after planting, backfills planting soil 140, planting soil 140 lays ceramsite layer, water source is poured, one-time sufficient pouring, thorough pouring, nutrient solution hanging is completed by pouring, soil ball of seedling root exceeds square plane 25CM, further, cement mortar fixes first step of laying green tile layer 300 on external circumference of ceramsite layer, then second step layer is laid along inner wall of first step, and second step layer is higher than first step layer, soil ball of seedling root is lower than top surface 3CM of green tile layer 300, and bottom of two water pumping pipes 200 are obliquely inserted into rubble layer 120, after insertion, top of water pumping pipe 200 is higher than square plane by a certain height.

The planting hole structure and the construction method provided by the embodiment at least have the following advantages: (1) The invention reduces the artificial cost, the technology of the invention does not need to carry out deep excavation on the planting hole, and the seedling planting hole is implemented according to the structure, the soil ball can exceed the paving surface by about 27cm after the seedling is planted, and the excavation depth of the tree hole can be reduced, thereby reducing the artificial cost. (2) The permeability of the whole tree pit structure is increased, the planting soil has good water permeability and air permeability, accumulated water can be automatically discharged out of the planting pit from the bottom, and the maintenance cost of the nursery stock is reduced. (3) After the nursery stock is planted, the soil balls exceed the paving surface, the contact surface with the external environment is increased, the air permeability of the whole tree pit structure is increased, the normal respiration of the plant root system can be promoted, and the nursery stock growth is ensured. (4) The service life of the whole tree pit structure is prolonged, and the integral stability of the tree pit structure is maintained. (5) The watering mode can be enough and thorough for one time, and the requirement of plant growth is ensured to be met. (6) The whole tree pit structure has porosity, can absorb and store nutrients for plant growth for slow absorption of the plants without loss, and saves water and nutrients; meanwhile, the soil conditioner has strong water absorption and retention capacity, can adjust water, is not easy to evaporate, and enables soil to be in a proper dry and wet state; has good air permeability, and can promote plants to better tell the dead and take in new; the surface layer ceramsite is a good heat insulation material and can stably adjust the growth temperature of plants. (7) The bottom of the tree pit is provided with a gravel layer and four PVC drain pipes, so that accumulated water is promoted to automatically drain downwards out of the planting pit. (8) Improving the backfill of the square tree pits, increasing the air permeability, the water permeability and the soil fertility of the soil, and promoting the infiltration of accumulated water and the quick recovery of the transplanted seedlings. (9) Two upward water pumping pipes are arranged in the tree pit, the condition of water accumulation at the bottom of the tree pit is conveniently checked, redundant water accumulation can be discharged, 2/3 of the whole body of the water discharging pipe is covered with 0.6-1cm of eyelets, the water discharging pipe is wrapped by non-woven fabrics, and the eyelets face the direction of soil balls when the water discharging pipe is placed. The excess water in the planting hole can flow into the pipe and be discharged to the gravel layer. (10) The over-high planting holes of the green tiles are utilized, so that the earthwork development amount of the planting holes is reduced, and the labor cost is saved. And the landscape effect is ensured. (11) And ceramic particles are paved on the top surface, so that the water transpiration is controlled, and the environment is beautified.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A hole-making structure, comprising: a planting hole body;

the bottom of the planting hole body is provided with an underlayer, a rubble layer is laid above the underlayer, a non-woven fabric layer is laid above the rubble layer, a planting soil layer is arranged above the non-woven fabric layer and used for planting nursery stocks, and a ceramsite layer is arranged above the planting soil layer;

the subbase layer is provided with a plurality of drain pipes, and the tops of the drain pipes extend to the gravel layer;

still include the blue or green tile layer, the blue or green tile layer is located the top on pottery granule layer, the blue or green tile layer sets up to cascaded, the blue or green tile layer divide into first ladder and second ladder, the second ladder is in the inboard of first ladder, and the second ladder highly be higher than first ladder, the first ladder on blue or green tile layer centers on plant cave body top is laid.

2. A plant-cavity structure according to claim 1, further comprising four drainage pipes, the bottom of each of said four drainage pipes being vertically inserted into said bottom base layer.

3. A plant hole structure according to claim 2, further comprising two water pumping pipes, wherein the two water pumping pipes are obliquely inserted into the ceramsite layer, the planting soil layer and the non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, and the bottom of the two water pumping pipes extends to the gravel layer.

4. A method of constructing a plant cavity structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising:

after the planting hole body is dug to a preset height and width, four corners of the subbase layer are dug to drainage ditches with preset depths;

adopting wooden piles to form four holes with preset height at the lowest points of the four corners of the drainage ditch, and then vertically inserting the four drainage pipes into the holes;

will the length of drain pipe and the highly matching of predetermineeing of hole treat the drain pipe of subbase accomplishes the back, from supreme metalling, non-woven fabrics layer, planting soil layer and the haydite layer of laying down, and two the bottom of drinking-water pipe insert the metalling to one side, insert the back, the top of drinking-water pipe exceeds a plane take the altitude.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, wherein the four drainage pipes are vertically inserted into the holes, and the method comprises the following steps:

putting a plurality of crushed stones with the diameter of 3-5CM into the drain pipe, inserting the top of the drain pipe into the crushed stone layer 10CM, and simultaneously wrapping the top end face of the drain pipe with non-woven fabrics, wherein the pipe body of the drain pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlets and wrapped with non-woven fabrics.

6. The construction method according to claim 5, further comprising, after the operation of raising the top of the pumping pipe to a certain height above the plane:

controlling two water pumping pipes to be obliquely inserted into the ceramsite layer, the planting soil layer and the non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, wherein the bottoms of the two water pumping pipes extend to the gravel layer by 15 CM;

the pipe body of the pumping pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlets, and the pipe body of the drainage pipe is wrapped by non-woven fabrics.

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