CN105917903A - Water and soil conservation control method of soil laminated rocky mountain erosion steep slope - Google Patents
Water and soil conservation control method of soil laminated rocky mountain erosion steep slope Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105917903A CN105917903A CN201610264314.1A CN201610264314A CN105917903A CN 105917903 A CN105917903 A CN 105917903A CN 201610264314 A CN201610264314 A CN 201610264314A CN 105917903 A CN105917903 A CN 105917903A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- slope
- ditch
- separated
- plantation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water and soil conservation control method of a soil laminated rocky mountain erosion steep slope. The method is aimed at characteristics of soil laminated rocky mountains in Dianchi Lake base, and comprise: using leguminosae drought-enduring plants and some drought and barren tolerant economic crops supplemented by engineering measures of separated slope level trenches, fish-scale pits, and hedgerows, designing a recovery mode, planting sisal hemp in the separated slope level trenches whose number are odd numbers; planting dodonaea viscose or pigenpea in the ridge on the trench lower surface of the separated slope level trenches in odd numbers; planting opopanax, white popinac, sophora xanthantha, or acaia yunnanensis in the separated slope level trenches whose numbers are even numbers, cutting grassiness in the ridge on the trench lower surface of the separated slope level trenches in even numbers; and planting pomegranate or alfalfa in the fish-scale pit between the separated slope level trenches; and planting Chinese prickly ash in planting trenches on the base of the slope. Through treatment of three years, soil erosion amount is reduced by more than 70%, and plant coverage rate is increased to 90% from original lower than 30%, and pollutants of main non-point source pollution is reduced by more than 70%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to restoration of the ecosystem field, be specifically related to Yunnan Province's Dianchi Lake Basin and face the mountain afforestation difficulty
Thin layer stony cut slope corrodes the fixing of soil and conservation of water plant growing administering method on abrupt slope.
Background technology
Soil erosion has become as main ecological environment problem, China be soil erosion in the world
Serious country.China's current soil erosion area there are about 1,500,000 square kilometres, and soil erosion is lost
Substantially 5,000,000,000 tons of soil.Along with Soil erosion, the various nutrients being attached on soil particle surface are therewith
Run off, and import storage water body along domatic community, cause the pollution of area source of eutrophication and other forms.For
In watershed, the soil erosion of soil thin layer stony cut slope is administered, and this is accomplished by these special vertical
Ground carries out artificial community design, and is suitably aided with engineering measure.
Dian Chi is between east longitude 102 ° 36 '-102 ° 47 ' and north latitude 24 ° 40 '-25 ° 02 ', and Dianchi Lake Basin relates to cloud
Nan Sheng Kunming main city zone (including Wuhua, interwined dragon, port owned by the government, Western Hills, Chenggong five district), Jinning County, high
Bright county, Fumin County and Hui-Yi Autonomous County of Xundian, full basin is that Kunming, Yunnan Province is administrative.
The research of existing soil and water conservation is primarily directed to different crop planting model, tillage method, plants
By type, engineering measures of soil and water conservation etc..Wherein, phytoremediation technology specific aim is the strongest, plant and soil
Earth all applies to specific region, and the improvement for the thin layer stony cut slope erosion abrupt slope of Dianchi Lake Basin does not also have
Having specific research, the research that artificial optimum group is combined with engineering measure also has no report.The present invention
For the difficult fragile mountain ecosystems of afforestation region degeneration in area of facing the mountain, mainly arranged by various human assistances
Execute and the structure of artificial community recovers mountain region group, and promote the progressive succession of group, improve degeneration ecosystem
The material circulation of system, reduces the soil erosion intensity of this subregion to the full extent, research mountain region water conservation and
Source, face control vegetation construction technique, ecology fragility mountain garden Key Technology in Reconstruction, improve face the mountain group and
The structure of ecosystem and function, construct important defence line.
The typical feature of soil thin layer stony cut slope is: massif stone matter degree is serious, the relatively steep (gradient of the gradient
More than 15 °), soil is barren, topsoil layer thickness less than the lower soil under 10cm, topsoil containing stone
Amount is more than 30%, and Water Conservation Capacity of Five is poor, severe water and soil erosion.
Summary of the invention
For solving revegetation and the soil erosion of Dianchi Lake Basin soil thin layer stony cut slope, the present invention proposes one
Plant soil thin layer stony cut slope and corrode the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope.Artificial constructed by the inventive method
Phytobiocoenose plant includes Folium Agaves Sisalanae (Agave sisalana), akeake (Dodonaea viscosa (Linn.)
Jacq.Enum.), Semen Cajani (Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp.), Acacia farnesiana Willd. (Acacia
Farnesiana (Linn) Willd), Leucaena leucocephala (L.) (Leucaenaleucocephala (Lam.) De Wit), yellow
Flower Chinese scholartree (Cassia surattensis Burm.f.), Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis (Acacia Yannanensis
Franch.), Fructus Fici tikouae (Melastoma dodecandrum Lour), alfalfa (Medicago
Sativa L.), grassiness (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.), Pericarpium Zanthoxyli (Zanthoxylum
bungeanum Maxim.)。
Technical scheme is as follows:
1. the soil and water conservation method on a soil thin layer stony cut slope erosion abrupt slope, it is characterised in that include
Following steps:
(1) each growing area is planned
From the pre-soil thin layer stony cut slope administered corrode the top, slope on abrupt slope to dig along isocontour direction at the bottom of slope every
Slope horizontal ditch, pushes up 4～5m from nearest Separated slope level trench distance slope, top, slope, and to Separated slope level trench from upper
Under press natural number 1,2,3,4,5 successively ... numbering, adjacent two limes marginis of adjacent two Separated slope level trench
Spacing distance is 4～5m；By the table dug out soil with well-rotted farmyard manure by table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is
The composite soil that the ratio of 7:3 mixes is backfilled in Separated slope level trench, backfill mixing in Separated slope level trench
Closing the 2/3～3/4 of the native ditch depth that thickness is Separated slope level trench, remaining soil is piled up under Separated slope level trench
Edge, forms the table low bank of earth between fields of high 7-8cm；Fish-scale pit is dug in slope between adjacent two Separated slope level trench, will
The table soil dug out and well-rotted farmyard manure are in table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed be the ratio of 7:3 mix mixed
Close earthen backfill in fish-scale pit, the backfill degree of depth that composite soil thickness is fish-scale pit in fish-scale pit 2/3～
3/4, remaining soil is piled up in the lower edge in fish-scale pit, forms the high table low bank of earth between fields of 7-8cm；At the bottom of slope along equal pitch contour
Direction dig plantation ditch, by the table dug out soil with well-rotted farmyard manure by table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is 7:3
The composite soil that mixes of ratio be backfilled to plant in ditch, backfill composite soil thickness in plantation ditch for kind
Plant ditch the degree of depth 2/3～3/4, remaining soil be piled up in plantation ditch under edge, formed 7-8cm high table soil
The ridge；
(2) Artificially transfering bezoar is built
1. in the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers, plant Folium Agaves Sisalanae；Separated slope level trench at numbered odd numbers
Along table low bank of earth between fields plantation akeake or Semen Cajani under ditch；
2. in the Separated slope level trench of numbered even numbers, plant Acacia farnesiana Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or Yunnan yearning between lovers
Tree, the table low bank of earth between fields cuttage grassiness on edge under the Separated slope level trench of numbered even numbers；
3. planting site Punica granatum L. or alfalfa in the fish-scale pit between each adjacent Separated slope level trench；
4. in the plantation ditch at the bottom of slope, plant Pericarpium Zanthoxyli.
2. the soil and water conservation side on abrupt slope is corroded according to the soil thin layer stony cut slope described in technical scheme 1
Method, it is characterised in that:
The a width of 50cm of ditch of the Separated slope level trench described in step (1), ditch depth is 30cm, the length in fish-scale pit × wide
× it is 30cm × 30cm × 20cm deeply, the horizontal range between adjacent two centers, fish-scale pit, left and right is 1m, up and down
Vertical dimension between center, adjacent rows fish-scale pit is 1m, and a width of 50cm of ditch of plantation ditch, ditch depth is
30cm；
3. the soil and water conservation on abrupt slope is corroded according to the soil thin layer stony cut slope described in technical scheme 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that:
It is band soil after the Folium Agaves Sisalanae Seedling of 12 months crosses two saturating rains under rainy season in step (2) 1. middle selection seedling age
Transplanting, Folium Agaves Sisalanae Seedling spacing in the rows is 50cm, and the Seedling after transplanting and soil face intersection in ditch are less than Separated slope level trench end face
5-6cm；Digging the square degree of depth of 5-6cm along the table low bank of earth between fields under the ditch of the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers is 3-5cm
Plantation nest, akeake seed or Cajanus cajan seeds, away from 10-15cm, are sown in described plantation rainy season after rain by nest
In nest, covering table soil, each plantation nest broadcasts sowing 5-6 grain seed；
When step (2) 2. middle plantation Acacia farnesiana Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis seedling, gold
Herba Albiziae, Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or the equal balled transplanting of Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis seedling, the balled transplanting time is all at rain
After descending two saturating rains season；During cuttage grassiness, the ripe grassiness grown to more than 2m is cut down from root, then
Grassiness bar is chopped to the cane at least leaving the 20-30cm of 2-3 bud skewer after descending two saturating rains rainy season
Insert, use oblique cutting, and grassiness cane tilt direction identical with the direction of slope wash, adjacent two grassinesses it
Between spacing be 5cm；
When step (2) 3. middle planting site Punica granatum L. or alfalfa, Fructus Fici tikouae seedling uses balled transplanting, will
Grow to the Fructus Fici tikouae seedling of more than 10 blades after descending two saturating rains rainy season balled transplanting in fish-scale pit
In；Alfalfa uses direct-seeding plantation, and digging the square degree of depth of 5-6cm in fish-scale pit is the kind of 2-3cm
Plant nest, after rain, alfalfa seed is sown in described plantation nest rainy season, cover table soil, each plantation
Nest broadcasts sowing 5-6 grain seed；
Step (2) 4. in will be long to Pericarpium Zanthoxyli seedling balled transplanting high for 30cm at the bottom of slope after rainy season rain
In plantation ditch.
4, the soil and water conservation on abrupt slope is corroded according to the soil thin layer stony cut slope described in technical scheme 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: forbid in being additionally included in the Artificially transfering bezoar region of structure to herd and firewood is adopted and cut
Cut, prevent fire, artificial vegetation from building in the First Year that the initial stage i.e. builds, plant at the bottom of Separated slope level trench and slope
Ditch is easily destroyed by rush of water and is formed erosion groove, often observes, repairs in time the breach that destroys by rush of water of ditch in rainy season.
5, the soil and water conservation side on abrupt slope is corroded according to the soil thin layer stony cut slope described in technical scheme 3
Method, it is characterised in that: forbid in being additionally included in the Artificially transfering bezoar region of structure to herd and firewood is adopted and cradled,
Prevent fire, artificial vegetation from building in the First Year that the initial stage i.e. builds, plant ditch at the bottom of Separated slope level trench and slope easy
Destroyed by rush of water and formed erosion groove, often observed, repair in time the breach that destroys by rush of water of ditch in rainy season.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The revegetation and the soil erosion technical problem that the present invention is directed to Dianchi Lake Basin soil thin layer stony cut slope carry
The soil thin layer stony cut slope that goes out corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope, to this afforestation difficulty on the spot
Repairing effect is notable, and through the improvement of 3 years, soil erosion amount reduced more than 70%, rate of vegetation by
Originally increase to more than 90% less than 30%, the pollutant of main pollution of area source also reduce more than 70%, for
The improvement of Dian Chi eutrophication provides technical support.
Present invention have an advantage that weather and the features of terrain combining Dianchi Lake Basin, select to be suitable for this area
Drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant plant, adjusts through overtesting, constitutes the Artificially transfering bezoar of advantage, in combination with fish
The engineering measures such as squama hole, Separated slope level trench, plant hedge, make full use of soil and upper space thereof, construct
More reasonably structure of plant community.Take into account ecological benefits, economic benefit and social benefit, at environment simultaneously
While improvement, also achieve certain economic worth.
Detailed description of the invention
Plant and each means of agricultural production material involved by following example are commercially available, and embodiment without specified otherwise is
Conventional method.
Embodiment 1
1, design Vegetative restoration pattern and option of species principle
For the feature of soil thin layer stony cut slope, the present invention mainly uses pulse family drought-enduring plant, and some
Drought-resistant barren industrial crops, then it is aided with the engineering measures such as Separated slope level trench, fish-scale pit, plant hedge, if
Meter reforestation practices.Option of species principle is as follows: heat-resisting acid and alkali-resistance drought-resistant, barren-resistant, strong stress resistance, suitable
Natural disposition is wide；Sprouting tillering ability is strong, and fast-growing the most airtight can be grown into forest, played the work conserved water and soil
With；Self-reproduction and updating ability are strong；Can nodulation and nitrogen fixation, ability of improving the soil is strong；There is certain exploitation value
Value and economic benefit.Concrete plant has: Folium Agaves Sisalanae, Fructus Fici tikouae, alfalfa, akeake, Semen Cajani, silver
Herba Albiziae, Yunnan yearning between lovers, Acacia farnesiana Willd., Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, grassiness.
2, water-saving engineering measure mainly has:
Fish-scale pit water-saving technology: fish-scale pit size is advisable with 30cm × 30cm × 20cm, seeding row spacing regard grass quilt and
Depending on wild undershrub coverage condition.When digging plantation hole, the table soil within 10cm is placed on the slope in plantation hole
These table soil, after plantation hole is dug, are mixed thoroughly with well-rotted farmyard manure (base fertilizer) and are played back in hole by side, table
Soil is used for go back to the pool and is primarily due to the nutritious of table soil, humus and content of organic matter height, organic formation
Humus colloid there is hydrophilic group, water absorption, up to more than 50%, can be greatly improved the water supply energy of soil
Power, beneficially drought resisting and promotion root growth.The raw-soil containing stone of below 10cm is placed on the fish below grass slope, fish-scale pit
The squama pit edge tabulation low bank of earth between fields and making real, is used for intercepting slope runoff, infiltrates on the spot, increases soil water-containing
Amount, extends the ground moistening phase, and beneficially water conservation fertilizer conservation, prevents erosion.
Separated slope level trench water-saving technology: for the location that the gradient is bigger, in order to fully intercept rainwater, along contour
Separated slope level trench is built in the direction of line.Depending on the specification of Separated slope level trench is according to the root system situation of crop, every slope
The spacing distance of horizontal ditch is with local footpath stream calculation, to guarantee that the water and soil on domatic does not runs off.Every slope level
After ditch digs, in only backfilling the earthwork of ditch depth 2/3rds, ditch, residue 1/3rd spaces are used for accumulating rain
Water, it is ensured that in ditch, soil moisture is sufficient then, and beneficially crop spends dry season, to reach the mesh of normal growth
's.During backfill, as backfilling with fish-scale pit, based on table earthen backfill, the raw-soil can be placed on costa colpi ripening and blocks
Cut rainwater.
3, plant growing and seedling-raising technique
In good time nursery in advance is the key technique of thin layer stony cut slope revegetation success or not.Many trees
Planting and all have a slow growth stage after emerging, container nursery in advance can avoid this slow growth period, fixed
Can make full use of precipitation after planting to mushroom out, the arid season in the coming year after spending safely, raising survives
Rate.It addition, bare-root seeding and above the average age for marriage Seedling root system in migration process sustain damage, convalescent period is long, and seedling is not
The drought-resistant strong sunshine with summer.So, after bare-root seeding, above the average age for marriage Seedling and younger ones in an age group's transplantation of seedlings, often in arid
Under weather conditions, survival rate is low, survives rear storage rate the lowest.
Folium Agaves Sisalanae nursery uses tiller nursery, and during transplanting, seedling age selects the middle Seedling of 12 months to be advisable.Use every Po Shui
Plantation in flat ditch.
Fructus Fici tikouae uses cutting propagation, selects the Fructus Fici tikouae plant of more than 3 years the 5-7 month in the wild, takes its wood
The stem of matter, is cut into the segment of 7-8cm, removes blade, ties up into wisp with cotton thread, by its butt for every 30
Steep in rooting powder solution, soak half an hour, described rooting powder solution be concentration be that 200 mg/kg are molten
Liquid ABT rooting powder solution.It is covered with fertile soil what the insertion of soaked Fructus Fici tikouae stem was already prepared to and irrigates
In the soft nursery of water, spacing in the rows 5cm, cover plastic sheeting, keep ground moistening.Cutting seedling grows to 3-4
Plant during sheet blade in filling in the little planting bag of fertile soil, treat Seedling grow to more than 10 blades can balled transplanting in
In fish-scale pit.
Alfalfa, akeake and Semen Cajani use the mode of directly sowing to plant.Plant in the 6-7 month in rainy season,
Dig the plantation nest that the square degree of depth of 5cm-6cm is 2cm-3cm, treat that next saturating rain, each plantation nest spread 5-6
Grain seed, builds table soil, sprouting in general about a week.
Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Yunnan yearning between lovers, Acacia farnesiana Willd., Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree use seed seedling-raising, and seed is put in bucket with opening
Water waters, much the most as many again boiled water after water all floods seed, after seed soaks 24 hours in water, and will
Seed is directly broadcast in filling planting bag humous, every bag of sowing 7-8 grain, waters every day.Germination
Rate is about 80%.Seedling cultivate in nursery 6-12 month can balled transplanting in Separated slope level trench.
Pericarpium Zanthoxyli uses cutting propagation, in rainy season will be grown to Pericarpium Zanthoxyli seedling balled transplanting high for 30cm to plantation ditch,
Ensure that ground moistening can ensure survival rate.
Grassiness use cuttage under the ditch of Separated slope level trench along the table low bank of earth between fields, will length to the maturation of more than 2m
Grassiness is cut down from root, then grassiness bar be chopped at least to leave 2-3 bud 20～30cm cane rainy season
Cuttage after two saturating rains of lower mistake, uses oblique cutting, and the direction that cane tilts is identical with the direction of slope wash,
Spacing between adjacent two grassinesses is 5cm, and after a saturating rain, cuttage is in soil, survival rate
Up to 100%.
4, seedling planting technology
Owing to local rainfall is concentrated, the Pluvial is short, chooses the time in afforestation season, and in good time field planting afforestation is to improve
One very important sport technique segment of survival ratio.The field planting of nursery stock survive it is crucial that nursery stock moisture generation
The balance thanked, in order to prevent nursery stock stem and leaf moisture transpiration during field planting, should suitable trimming leaf, repair
Except long main root.Should accomplish during the field planting of nursery stock with rise with cultivation, accomplish outdoor the most overnight, the same day plant
The completeest to heel in.During field planting, remove nutrient bag and Seedling is put into center, cave depth of planting 2-to be buried
3cm, bankets while urgent, makes nursery stock contact with soil closely, beneficially root absorption moisture, in tree after field planting
Repair tree dish around body, be beneficial to collect rain.If cutting seedling, typically when annual rainy season in May just comes here
Time carries out cuttage, and after rain, cuttage survival rate is high；The cane of cuttage is with 30-50cm, and each cane at least leaves
2-3 bud.Embedded depth controls at 20-25cm, use oblique cutting, and cane tilt direction and slope wash
Direction identical.
5, tending management
Artificial vegetation builds the First Year planted agent that the initial stage i.e. builds and carries out closing management, strengthens fostering, its work
Content includes the following aspects: forbid to herd and firewood is adopted and cradled；Special messenger keeps an eye on, and prevents fire；Implant
By the initial stage of construction, plant ditch at the bottom of Separated slope level trench and slope and easily destroyed by rush of water and form erosion groove, often see in rainy season
Examine, repair in time the breach that destroys by rush of water of ditch, it is ensured that catchment effectively, can guarantee that vegetation survival then.
Embodiment 1 has made 4 process, processes 1: plant planting-dagger in the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers
Fiber crops；Akeake is planted along the table low bank of earth between fields under the ditch of the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers；At numbered even numbers
Plantation Acacia farnesiana Willd. in Separated slope level trench, under the Separated slope level trench of numbered even numbers the table low bank of earth between fields cuttage on edge as
Grass；Planting site Punica granatum L. in fish-scale pit between each adjacent Separated slope level trench, plants in the plantation ditch at the bottom of slope
Planting Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, plant used uses seedling raising manners and the planting patterns of above-mentioned correspondence.
Process 2: remove along table low bank of earth between fields Semen Cajani under the ditch of the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers, numbered double
Number Separated slope level trench in plantation Leucaena leucocephala (L.), in the fish-scale pit between each adjacent Separated slope level trench plantation purple
Herba Trigonellae Ruthenicae, plant used uses outside seedling raising manners and the planting patterns of above-mentioned correspondence, remaining operation and process 1
Identical.
Processing 3: in addition to planting Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree in the Separated slope level trench at numbered even numbers, plant used uses
Outside the seedling raising manners of above-mentioned correspondence and planting patterns, remaining operation is identical with process 1.
Process 4: except planting Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis in the Separated slope level trench of numbered even numbers, each adjacent every
In fish-scale pit between the horizontal ditch of slope plant alfalfa, plant used use above-mentioned correspondence seedling raising manners and
Outside planting patterns, remaining operation is identical with process 1.
Each process except the plant of above-mentioned plantation is different, remaining measure combine accordingly above-mentioned overall 1,
Design Vegetative restoration pattern and option of species principle, 2, water-saving engineering measure, 3, plant growing and nursery skill
Art, 4, seedling planting technology and 5, tending management, and more specifically carry out by following measure:
(1) each growing area is planned
From the pre-soil thin layer stony cut slope administered corrode the top, slope on abrupt slope to dig along isocontour direction at the bottom of slope every
Slope horizontal ditch, the Separated slope level trench distance slope nearest from top, slope is pushed up 5m, and is depended on Separated slope level trench from top to bottom
Secondary by natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ... numbering, the interval of adjacent limes marginis between adjacent two Separated slope level trench
Distance is 5m；By the table dug out soil with well-rotted farmyard manure by table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is the ratio of 7:3
The composite soil that example mixes is backfilled in Separated slope level trench, the thickness of backfill composite soil in Separated slope level trench
The 2/3 of the ditch depth that degree is Separated slope level trench, the remaining soil dug out is piled up in edge under Separated slope level trench, is formed
The table low bank of earth between fields high for 7-8cm；Fish-scale pit is dug in slope between adjacent two Separated slope level trench, the table that will dig out
Soil and well-rotted farmyard manure are by table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that the composite soil that the ratio of 7:3 mixes backfills
To fish-scale pit, the 2/3 of the backfill degree of depth that composite soil thickness is fish-scale pit in fish-scale pit, that digs out is surplus
Remaining soil is piled up in the lower edge in fish-scale pit, forms the high table low bank of earth between fields of 7-8cm；At the bottom of slope along isocontour direction
Dig plantation ditch, by the table dug out soil with well-rotted farmyard manure in table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is the ratio of 7:3
The composite soil mixed is backfilled to plant in ditch, and backfilling the composite soil thickness in plantation ditch is plantation ditch
The 2/3 of the degree of depth, digs out remaining soil and is piled up in edge under plantation ditch, form the high table low bank of earth between fields of 7-8cm.
The a width of 50cm of ditch of Separated slope level trench, ditch depth is 30cm, the length in fish-scale pit × wide × be deeply 30cm ×
30cm × 20cm, the horizontal range between adjacent two centers, fish-scale pit, left and right is 1m；Neighbouring two row fish scales
Vertical dimension between center, hole is 1m, and between two row, stagger and dig pit in fish-scale pit, and the ditch of plantation ditch is a width of
50cm, ditch depth is 30cm.
(2) Artificially transfering bezoar is built
1. selecting seedling age is the Folium Agaves Sisalanae Seedling of 12 months (rain penetration top layer after descending two saturating rains rainy season in June
Soil is saturating rain) balled transplanting is in the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers, and spacing in the rows is 50cm, and after transplanting, Seedling exists
5-6cm under Separated slope level trench.Along the table low bank of earth between fields, 5-6cm is dug under the ditch of the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers
The square degree of depth is the plantation nest of 3-5cm, and nest is away from 15cm, by akeake seed or Semen Cajani after rainy season in June rain
Seed broadcasting, in described plantation nest, covers table soil；Each plantation nest broadcasts sowing 5-6 grain seed.
2. in the Separated slope level trench of numbered even numbers, plant Acacia farnesiana Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or Yunnan yearning between lovers
Seeds Seedling, Acacia farnesiana Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis seedling balled transplanting time are rainy seasons in June
After two saturating rains of lower mistake；Along table low bank of earth between fields area cuttage grassiness, skewer under the Separated slope level trench ditch of numbered even numbers
When inserting grassiness, the ripe grassiness grown to more than 2m is cut down from root, then grassiness bar is chopped at least leave
The cuttage after descending two saturating rains rainy season in June of the cane of the 20-30cm of 2-3 bud, and the inclination of grassiness cane
Direction identical with the direction of slope wash, the spacing between adjacent two grassinesses is 5cm.
3. planting site Punica granatum L. or alfalfa in the fish-scale pit between each adjacent Separated slope level trench；Ground stone
Pomegranate uses balled transplanting, and the Fructus Fici tikouae seedling growing to more than 10 blades was descended two thoroughly rainy season in June
After rain, balled transplanting is in fish-scale pit；Alfalfa uses direct-seeding plantation, digs 5-6cm in fish-scale pit
The square degree of depth is the plantation nest of 3-5cm, and alfalfa seed is sown in after rainy season in June rain described plantation
In nest, cover table soil；Each plantation nest broadcasts sowing 5-6 grain seed；
4. by the long Pericarpium Zanthoxyli seedling balled transplanting high to 30cm to the plantation ditch at the bottom of slope after rainy season in June rain.
Table 1 embodiment 1 soil thin layer stony cut slope corrodes the soil and water conservation method abridged table on abrupt slope
The advantage of this implantation methods is:
(1) plantation Folium Agaves Sisalanae in odd numbers ditch, forms sisal plant hedge.Folium Agaves Sisalanae is drought-resistant, the typical case of impoverishment tolerant
Plant, its formed plant hedge can spend the dry spell with smoothness, at rainy season set in the coming year, other plant does not also have
Before having growth, play the effect of well damming；
(2) along the table low bank of earth between fields, plant Semen Cajani or akeake shrub seeds under Folium Agaves Sisalanae ditch, can effectively fix table
Soil, prevents it to run off, and forms complementation spatially with Folium Agaves Sisalanae simultaneously, makes artificial community do big degree and utilizes too
Solar ray energy；
(3) plantation mesquite in even numbers ditch, it is possible to play the effect that fixed nitrogen is improved the soil, Acacia farnesiana Willd., Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree
Deng also having certain landscape effect, it is available for viewing and admiring；
(4) along table low bank of earth between fields cuttage grassiness under even numbers ditch ditch, grassiness is perennial fast-growing herbage, at this table low bank of earth between fields
Upper plantation is conducive to the fast-growth of grassiness, can cradle for local farmers, be used for while water and soil conservation
Domestic animal cultivates, and plays certain economic benefit；
(5) the fish-scale pit planting site Punica granatum L. between Separated slope level trench or alfalfa, alfalfa is perennial
Leguminous forage, its root system is relatively deep, can effectively consolidate land reform soil, can also carry out domestic animal simultaneously and feed, ground
Punica granatum L. is local typical Climbing Plant, can be effectively improved vegetation coverage, prevent erosion.
(6) plant economic crops in planting ditch at the bottom of slope Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli is the crop of drought-enduring impoverishment tolerant, at water and soil
While holding, there is certain economic benefit, the income of local farmers can be improved.
The inventive method, by the advantage artificial community formed and soil and water conservation pattern, constitutes more adduction
The structure of community of reason, effect is notable, notable, through 3 years to the repairing effect on the spot of this afforestation difficulty
Administering, each soil erosion amount that processes reduces more than 70%, and rate of vegetation is increased to less than 30% by original
More than 90%, the pollutant of main pollution of area source also reduce more than 70%, and the improvement for Dian Chi eutrophication carries
Supply technical support.
Claims (5)
1. the soil and water conservation method on a soil thin layer stony cut slope erosion abrupt slope, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) each growing area is planned
The top, slope corroding abrupt slope from the pre-soil thin layer stony cut slope administered digs Separated slope level trench at the bottom of slope along isocontour direction, the Separated slope level trench distance slope nearest from top, slope pushes up 4～5m, and Separated slope level trench is pressed the most successively natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ... numbering, the adjacent limes marginis spacing distance between adjacent two Separated slope level trench is 4～5m；By the table dug out soil with well-rotted farmyard manure in table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that the composite soil that the ratio of 7:3 mixes is backfilled in Separated slope level trench, the 2/3～3/4 of the ditch depth that thickness is Separated slope level trench of backfill composite soil in Separated slope level trench, remaining soil is piled up in edge under Separated slope level trench, forms the high table low bank of earth between fields of 7-8cm；Fish-scale pit is dug in slope between adjacent two Separated slope level trench, by the table dug out soil with well-rotted farmyard manure in table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that the composite soil that the ratio of 7:3 mixes is backfilled in fish-scale pit, the 2/3～3/4 of the backfill degree of depth that composite soil thickness is fish-scale pit in fish-scale pit, remaining soil is piled up in the lower edge in fish-scale pit, forms the high table low bank of earth between fields of 7-8cm；Plantation ditch is being dug along isocontour direction at the bottom of slope, by the table dug out soil with well-rotted farmyard manure in table soil: the volume ratio of farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed is that the composite soil that the ratio of 7:3 mixes is backfilled to plant in ditch, backfill the 2/3～3/4 of the degree of depth that the composite soil thickness in plantation ditch is plantation ditch, remaining soil is piled up in edge under plantation ditch, forms the high table low bank of earth between fields of 7-8cm；
(2) Artificially transfering bezoar is built
1. in the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers, plant Folium Agaves Sisalanae；Along table low bank of earth between fields plantation akeake or Semen Cajani under the ditch of the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers；
2. in the Separated slope level trench of numbered even numbers, plant Acacia farnesiana Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis, under the ditch of the Separated slope level trench of numbered even numbers, plant grassiness along the table low bank of earth between fields；
3. planting site Punica granatum L. or alfalfa in the fish-scale pit between each adjacent Separated slope level trench；
4. in the plantation ditch at the bottom of slope, plant Pericarpium Zanthoxyli.
Soil thin layer stony cut slope the most according to claim 1 corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope, it is characterised in that:
The a width of 50cm of ditch of the Separated slope level trench described in step (1), ditch depth is 30cm, the length in fish-scale pit × wide × it is 30cm × 30cm × 20cm deeply, horizontal range between adjacent two centers, fish-scale pit, left and right is 1m, distance between neighbouring two centers, row fish-scale pit is 1m, the a width of 50cm of ditch of plantation ditch, ditch depth is 30cm.
Soil thin layer stony cut slope the most according to claim 1 and 2 corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope, it is characterised in that:
Step (2) 1. in select seedling age be that the Folium Agaves Sisalanae Seedling of 12 months crosses after two saturating rains balled transplanting under rainy season in the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers, Folium Agaves Sisalanae Seedling spacing in the rows is 50cm, and the Seedling after transplanting and soil face intersection in ditch are less than this Separated slope level trench end face 5-6cm；Dig, along the table low bank of earth between fields, the plantation nest that the square degree of depth of 5-6cm is 3-5cm under the ditch of the Separated slope level trench of numbered odd numbers, nest is away from 10-15cm, akeake seed or Cajanus cajan seeds being sown in described plantation nest after rain rainy season, cover table soil, each plantation nest broadcasts sowing 5-6 grain seed；
When step (2) 2. middle plantation Acacia farnesiana Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis seedling, Acacia farnesiana Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (L.), Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Chinese scholartree or Cortex seu Radix Acaciae yunnanensis seedling balled transplanting, after the balled transplanting time all crosses two saturating rains under rainy season；During cuttage grassiness, the ripe grassiness grown to more than 2m is cut down from root, again grassiness bar is chopped at least to leave the 20 of 2-3 bud～the cuttage after descending two saturating rains rainy season of the cane of 30cm, use oblique cutting, and the direction of cane inclination is identical with the direction of slope wash, the spacing between adjacent two grassinesses is 5cm；
Step (2) 3. in planting site Punica granatum L. or during alfalfa, Fructus Fici tikouae uses balled transplanting, by grow to the Fructus Fici tikouae seedling of more than 10 blades after descending two saturating rains rainy season balled transplanting in fish-scale pit；Alfalfa uses direct-seeding plantation, digs the plantation nest that the square degree of depth of 5-6cm is 2-3cm, be sown in described plantation nest by alfalfa seed rainy season after rain in fish-scale pit, covers table soil, and each plantation nest broadcasts sowing 5-6 grain seed；
Step (2) 4. in after rainy season rain by the long Pericarpium Zanthoxyli balled transplanting high to 30cm to the plantation ditch at the bottom of slope.
Soil thin layer stony cut slope the most according to claim 1 and 2 corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope, it is characterized in that: forbid in being additionally included in the Artificially transfering bezoar region of structure to herd and firewood is adopted and cradled, prevent fire, in the First Year that artificial vegetation builds, repair the breach that destroys by rush of water of ditch rainy season in time.
Soil thin layer stony cut slope the most according to claim 3 corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope, it is characterized in that: forbid in being additionally included in the Artificially transfering bezoar region of structure to herd and firewood is adopted and cradled, prevent fire, in the First Year that artificial vegetation builds, repair the breach that destroys by rush of water of ditch rainy season in time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610264314.1A CN105917903B (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2016-04-26 | A kind of soil thin layer stony cut slope corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610264314.1A CN105917903B (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2016-04-26 | A kind of soil thin layer stony cut slope corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105917903A true CN105917903A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| CN105917903B CN105917903B (en) | 2019-03-05 |
Family
ID=56836188
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610264314.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105917903B (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2016-04-26 | A kind of soil thin layer stony cut slope corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105917903B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106961866A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-07-21 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | Northern Riparian Zone adopts the ecological restoring method in sand slash |
| CN107223431A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-03 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | A kind of dry hot gas sisal hemp arid hillside field progressively terrace land method |
| CN107624517A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-26 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of vegetation slope pavement method for preventing the exposed Topographic factor in mountain area |
| CN107873374A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-06 | 萍乡市林业科学研究所 | A kind of method of forestation on discarded colliery ground |
| CN108633369A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-10-12 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | A method of repairing South-West Asia alpine region degenerated soil using nitrogen fixing tree Anlnus nepalensis |
| CN109663803A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-23 | 云南大学 | The community arrangement method of the area Fu Lin phosphorous loss prevention and control |
| CN113875540A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-04 | 兰州大学 | Caragana microphylla afforestation method under difficult-to-live conditions |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102379174A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-03-21 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method of vegetation restoration of red soil eroded degraded site |
| CN103988758A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-20 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Method for improving afforestation survival rate by water collecting, water retention and water replenishing |
| CN104131572A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-05 | 福建农林大学 | Method for governing red soil strongly-eroded slope |
-
2016
- 2016-04-26 CN CN201610264314.1A patent/CN105917903B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102379174A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-03-21 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method of vegetation restoration of red soil eroded degraded site |
| CN103988758A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-20 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Method for improving afforestation survival rate by water collecting, water retention and water replenishing |
| CN104131572A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-05 | 福建农林大学 | Method for governing red soil strongly-eroded slope |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 方东海等: "元谋干热河谷冲沟植被恢复技术研究", 《国土与自然资源研究》 * |
| 魏天兴等: "黄图陡坡地农林复合经营设计与水土保持效益研究", 《土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报》 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106961866A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-07-21 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | Northern Riparian Zone adopts the ecological restoring method in sand slash |
| CN106961866B (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2019-05-28 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | Northern Riparian Zone adopts the ecological restoring method in sand slash |
| CN107223431A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-03 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | A kind of dry hot gas sisal hemp arid hillside field progressively terrace land method |
| CN107624517A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-26 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of vegetation slope pavement method for preventing the exposed Topographic factor in mountain area |
| CN107873374A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-06 | 萍乡市林业科学研究所 | A kind of method of forestation on discarded colliery ground |
| CN108633369A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-10-12 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | A method of repairing South-West Asia alpine region degenerated soil using nitrogen fixing tree Anlnus nepalensis |
| CN108633369B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-06-16 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Method for repairing degraded soil in southwest Asia alpine region by utilizing nitrogen-fixing tree species drynaria |
| CN109663803A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-23 | 云南大学 | The community arrangement method of the area Fu Lin phosphorous loss prevention and control |
| CN113875540A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-04 | 兰州大学 | Caragana microphylla afforestation method under difficult-to-live conditions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105917903B (en) | 2019-03-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105519274B (en) | A kind of integrated approach of extensive coastal new Climacteric symptoms farmland ecology exploitation | |
| CN105917903B (en) | A kind of soil thin layer stony cut slope corrodes the soil and water conservation method on abrupt slope | |
| CN108834462B (en) | Vegetation configuration method for preventing and treating water and soil loss of dry-hot valley gully development area | |
| CN105830574B (en) | A kind of method for promoting tropical Coastal Sandy Land native vegetation to recover | |
| CN105103843A (en) | Vegetation configuration method for preventing water and soil loss of mine dump of dry-hot valley | |
| CN105230429B (en) | A kind of mountain area Quercus acutissima, the method for forestation of cork oak bio-energy forest | |
| CN105926533B (en) | A kind of embedded type ecology consolidates beach method | |
| CN107333543A (en) | A kind of method of stony desertification restoration of the ecosystem | |
| CN105706821A (en) | Reservoir bank hydro-fluctuation belt terraced tree planting method | |
| CN105210770B (en) | Dust storm forward position Desert Regions sacsaoul Ecology method of forestation | |
| CN104737735B (en) | Method for ecological afforestation of coastal saline-alkali areas by means of original soil cultivation | |
| CN102379197A (en) | Aleurites montana large-area seedling raising method | |
| CN107318418A (en) | Method for establishing artificial grassland in arid region of subalpine | |
| CN104541917B (en) | A kind of method of forest land, hillside improvement high yield interplanting tea oil tree | |
| CN109526506A (en) | A kind of cultivation management method of Rocky Desertification Region walnut forest interplanting Chinese mahonia | |
| CN104106363A (en) | Cultivation method for schisandra chinensis | |
| CN103988748A (en) | Method for planting vatica astrotricha | |
| CN105165511A (en) | Large-scale forestation method for shrub species for especially-poor saline and alkaline land | |
| CN103430743B (en) | A soil Optimum Cultivation method of planting ginseng | |
| CN105178269B (en) | Low-maintenance durable landscape ecology ditch | |
| CN103597997A (en) | Cutting method for Salix varega ta Franch | |
| CN113243155A (en) | Method for controlling water resource and nutrient element recycling in hilly and mountainous areas | |
| CN109168382A (en) | A kind of coastal area is checked winds and fixed drifting sand salt reduction method | |
| CN105393893A (en) | Constructing and building method for non-suitable-for-forestry new diked tidal flat coast protection forest backbone shelterbelt | |
| CN108040730A (en) | A kind of North-West Sichuan alpine sandy land sea-buckthorn method for planting |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20190305 |