CN106922344A - In the method that the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application carries out restoration of the ecosystem - Google Patents
In the method that the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application carries out restoration of the ecosystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN106922344A CN106922344A CN201710062486.5A CN201710062486A CN106922344A CN 106922344 A CN106922344 A CN 106922344A CN 201710062486 A CN201710062486 A CN 201710062486A CN 106922344 A CN106922344 A CN 106922344A
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- short leaf
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application, mainly include the following steps that：<1>It is comprehensive to determine preferably grass beach；<2>Build draining tidal creek；<3>Selected implantation time；<4>Collection band soil species seedling；<5>Transportation is reduced to damage；<6>Standardized planting method；<7>Use sufficient base manure and topdress；<8>The reinforcing initial stage is managed and protected.Practice confirmed, short leaf cyperus malaccensis is planted in tide wetland using the present invention, can remarkably promote be implanted in short leaf cyperus malaccensis in tide wetland survive with growth, promote effective recovery and sustainable development of the seashore wetland ecosystem, certain economic interests can be obtained again.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tide wetland eco-reconstruction technical field, more particularly to one kind is in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application
The method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem.
Background technology
Short leaf cyperus malaccensis (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.var.brevifolius BocklR.) is that one kind is grown on
Cyperaceae Cyperus salt in the habitat such as pond, lake, marsh, streams or river bank wetland, seashore shallow water marsh or river mouth
Natural pond plant, the ground such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong and TaiWan, China are distributed widely in China.Short leaf
Cyperus malaccensis can be used as aquatic plant, salt-soda soil rehabilitation plant and sewage purification plant etc..Be can extract from short leaf cyperus malaccensis has protection
Cardiovascular, anti-oxidant, strengthen immunity Flavonoid substances.Short leaf cyperus malaccensis fiber content is high, can do establishment straw mat and straw plaited work
Skill product；It is also used for tying up Zongzi and large-scale crab class, is environment-friendly type binding material.
The short perennial root-like stock of crawling of leaf cyperus malaccensis is sturdy, and fibrous root is fine and closely woven, and stalk is high can be to 120cm；Strong adaptability, can be grown in
The habitats such as land salt-soda soil, fresh water, river mouth intertidal zone, tolerate salinity up to 24；Fast growth, group's closing morning, wind resistance
Unrestrained excellent effect.Artificial inter-tidal saltmarshes wetland is built using short leaf cyperus malaccensis, is not limited to harvest braiding and binding material, may be used also
It is given full play to promote silt dyke strengthening, beautification landscape, improve fecundity of the sea, pollution remission and maintaining bio-diversity etc. comprehensive raw
State function, promotes seashore wetland ecological system degradation process, and extension carbon emission reduction space builds biological cleaning artificial wet land system,
It will be one of important development direction of following seashore wetland restoration of the ecosystem.However, having no short leaf cyperus malaccensis in river mouth, seashore tide at present
Between band etc. tide wetland plantation report.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of survival rate is higher, the speed of growth faster should in tide wetland
The method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem with short leaf cyperus malaccensis, to effectively facilitate the ecological recovery of seashore wetland, while certain warp can be obtained again
Ji interests.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
In the method that the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application carries out restoration of the ecosystem, mainly include the following steps that：
<1>It is comprehensive to determine preferably grass beach；<2>Build draining tidal creek；<3>Selected implantation time；
<4>Collection band soil species seedling；<5>Transportation is reduced to damage；<6>Standardized planting method；
<7>Use sufficient base manure and topdress；<8>The reinforcing initial stage is managed and protected.
Step<1>Carried out by following operation：Careful must make an on-the-spot survey and measure, grasp beach elevation, tide dynamic force, matrix class
The present situations such as type, salinity and soil fertility, it is comprehensive to determine suitable preferably grass beach；Growing area beach elevation should be in local mean sea level
More than line, tide dynamic force is weaker；The beach gradient is preferably small, and smooth growing area is answered if necessary；The matrix granule of growing area should be relatively thin, from
It is sandy to Muddy Bottoms, Muddy Bottoms growing area is more suitable；The beach of matrix gap salinity water 0~20, it is relatively low to be advisable.
Step<2>Carried out by following operation：For ease of growing area rear rapid draining on the ebb, artificial tidal creek, root should be built
According to growing area tide flow rate and direction observed result, the trend and scale of artificial tidal creek are planned；According to the area scale of growing area,
If main tidal creek 1~3,2m~4m wide, depth is 70cm~100cm under beach surface；The quantity of branch tidal creek is according to reality need
Set, 1m wide or so, depth is 30cm~40cm under beach surface；With the aquaculture film shop fixtures of pond antiseepage, stone is placed
The weights such as stone bar are pressed in corner and ditch bed of cultivation film etc., arrange cultivation film and press mold weight in daily management in time, keep
Tidal creek shape.
Step<3>Carried out by following operation：Annual March to 11 it is monthly plant short leaf cyperus malaccensis, April to June conveniently, this
Preferably, the fresh water being input into through rainfall or runoff is abundant, is conducive to seedling early growth after field planting for section time light and temperature condition；According to growing area
Beach elevation, the tide table of control National Bureau of Oceanography issue selects in each Tidal period beach temperature of exposure and dry on daytime less than flooding
Date of time carries out plantation, reduces the sun and is exposed to the sun extent of injury.
Step<4>Carried out by following operation：Situations such as according to the salinity of plantation beach, tidal regime and medium property, step on
Survey and find the close natural short leaf cyperus malaccensis growth district of habitat conditions, growth selection is luxuriant, no disease and pests harm, in flakes area it is larger
Grassland is used as provenance；The band soil grass block that collection is grown fine is seedling, is directly planted using young shoot therein and resting bud；Adopt
Noting when planting can not be full wafer beach seedling daylighting, and should leave sufficient amount enables its clear-cutting forestland；First cut before taking grass block
Go most of aerial stem of plant of plant, general toothing 20cm；Take the native grass block of band with spades or special collector, specification be 15cm ×
The square of 15cm to 30cm × 30cm, depth 20cm or so.
Step<5>Carried out by following operation：The native grass block of band is preferably contained with the plastic container being sized for, grass can be reduced
Block is moved and laminated；Handling transhipment link is reduced, using convenient and reasonable means of transportation, whole process is prevented from shaking, soaked etc. causes
Seedling mass of soil is loose, at utmost reduces the damage to seedling root system young shoot.
Step<6>Carried out by following operation：Seedling is gathered and is tightly connected with field planting step, and the grass block of same day collection is on the day of
Field planting is finished, to ensure germination rate and survival rate；Draw tape measure to determine seeding row spacing during field planting, 50cm × 50cm to 100cm can be used
×100cm；Grass block is first well placed beside seeding row spacing position, then digs the cave hole slightly larger than grass block shape；Buy common city
The growth-promoting root growth element sold, solution is prepared by the concentration and consumption recommendation of its draft, and the native grass block of each band sprays about 100ml
Cave hole is put into after growth-promoting root growth element solution, teasing periphery friable soil with pin compresses grass block.
Step<7>Carried out by following operation：Fully, short leaf cyperus malaccensis grassland fertilising emphasis is nitrogen, phosphorus to potash fertilizer in tide wetland
Fertilizer, and apply a small amount of zinc fertilizer promotion rudiment and aerial stem of plant elongation；Base manure is discharged when band soil grass block is colonized, and every 100 grass blocks apply carbon
Ammonium 200g, calcium superphosphate 100g and zinc sulfate 10g；Topdressing can discharge in March to May, and every 100 grass blocks apply carbon ammonium 200g；Adopt
Take and apply slow-release fertilizer mode, cave buriing is dug on grass block periphery.
Step<8>Carried out by following operation：1. purse seine construction；Fence is support with timber or concrete stake, hangs up nylon wire,
Prevent people and animals from entering the careless beach of destruction, while intercepting external rubbish, deadwood withered grass and macro etc.；Purse seine highly should be higher than that works as
Ground maximum more than high-water mark 50cm；2. Enteromorpha preventing and treating；The macro outburst such as the Enteromorpha in annual March in December to next year, serious prestige
Side of body field planting short leaf cyperus malaccensis existence soon, can take copper-bath to splash preventing and treating, should manually be removed when serious；3. disease is prevented
Control；Angular leaf spot is to endanger the Major Diseases of short leaf cyperus malaccensis, and in addition to fertilising strong sprout is noted, palpus close observation is in sick hair initial stage agricultural chemicals
Preventing and treating, is sprayed with 25% wettable powder, 600 to 800 times of metalaxyl liquid, is sprayed 1 time every 15 to 20 days, even spray 2 to 3 times；4. receive
Cut；For the purpose of ecological recovery artificial short leaf cyperus malaccensis grass beach, should only every two years the autumn and winter harvesting once, and toothing 10cm with
On；Above-mentioned these pipe irrigation projects typically should be performed at least 2 years.
Lack the problem of effective ecological recovery means for tide wetlands such as river mouth, seashore intertidal zones, inventor considers
The growth characteristics of short leaf cyperus malaccensis simultaneously combine tide Characteristics of Wetland, establish and a kind of carry out life in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application
The method that state is repaired, mainly includes the following steps that：<1>It is comprehensive to determine preferably grass beach；<2>Build draining tidal creek；<3>Selected plantation
Time；<4>Collection band soil species seedling；<5>Transportation is reduced to damage；<6>Standardized planting method；<7>Use sufficient base manure and topdress；<8
>The reinforcing initial stage is managed and protected.Practice confirmation, short leaf cyperus malaccensis is being planted using the present invention in tide wetland, can be remarkably promoted and is implanted in
In tide wetland short leaf cyperus malaccensis survive with growth, promote the seashore wetland ecosystem effective recovery and sustainable development, and
Certain economic interests can be obtained.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
With reference to preceding method, inventor is in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of the Hekou District growing plants on beach in Guangxi Bei Lunhe in 2012
1300m2, specific plantation situation is as follows：
1. take artificial hydraulic reclamation to improve beach elevation 20cm~60cm and form fine sand matter beach, as the plantation of short leaf cyperus malaccensis
Area.Growing area beach is flatter after artificial site preparation, and elevation is approximately equal to local mean sea level line, but tide causes internal beach soon
Slightly lower, impeded drainage is applied, therefore has built artificial Creek system.Method of construction is as follows：According to growing area tide flow rate and direction
Observation, sets main tidal creek 1,2m~4m wide, depth 70cm~100cm；It is another to have 4 main tidal creeks of connection of branch tidal creek, 1m wide or so,
Depth 30cm~40cm.In tidal creek two sides and bottom of trench laying cultivation film, place stone stone bar etc. and be pressed on film, it is daily to check in time
Maintain tidal creek shape, it is ensured that draining is good on the whole for growing area.Growing area in seawater salinity 5~26 at the incoming tide, northern logical sequence after ebb
The low-solids water or fresh water in river are from by-pass flow.
2. kind of a plant month is May.Tidal height is about 220cm, the sea of control National Bureau of Oceanography issue during growing area beach exposure
Foreign tide table, the date that have selected 4 to the 5 hours exposure time of beach on daytime carries out plantation.
3. seedling collection and transportation resources.In Guangxi Dongxing reservoir spillway water channel catchment, the verdant, nothing of a piece of growth is found
The larger natural short leaf cyperus malaccensis grassland of pest and disease damage, in flakes area, elects provenance as.Mostly going up for plant is first prescinded during seed collecting
Stem, toothing about 20cm；Then take the band soil grass block of length of side 20cm × 20cm, soil block depth 20cm, be put into length and be respectively
In the rectangle plastic pallet of 60cm, 40cm and 20cm, so that there is no mobile space, and stacking modeling between the native grass block of band
Material torr disk does not result in extruding yet；Transport is extremely located at the growing area of Beilun Estuary.
4. implantation methods.The collection of seedling is closely connected with plantation step, it is ensured that the seedling same day of same day collection has planted
Finish.Seeding row spacing is 1m × 1m, stretches tape measure at two during plantation, it is ensured that embark on journey in column.First put beside seeding row spacing position
Put grass block well, then dig the cave hole slightly larger than grass block shape；The root taking sprout strengthening agent of purchase Anqing company production, by its draft
Concentration and consumption recommendation prepare solution, and the native grass block of each band is put into cave hole after spraying about 100ml solution, dials periphery with pin
Dissipate the tight grass block of soil pressure.
5. base manure and release of topdressing.Base manure is discharged when soil is planted back, every 100 grass blocks apply carbon ammonium 200g, calcium superphosphate
100g and zinc sulfate 10g.Topdress and discharged in March next year, every 100 grass blocks apply carbon ammonium 200g；Take and apply slow-release fertilizer mode, in grass
Cave buriing is dug on block periphery.
6. the reinforcement initial stage manage and protect, measure has：1. purse seine construction.Purse seine envelope beach is built after planting seedlings immediately to foster, fence
With eucalyptus stake as pillar, net 3.5m high, the nylon wire of mesh 5cm are hung up；And personal management is hired, effectively prevent people and animals to enter
Enter, also intercepted the things such as external rubbish, deadwood withered grass and macro.2. Enteromorpha preventing and treating.It is close in March in annual December to next year
Observation, the Enteromorpha outburst initial stage just prepares 40 times of copper-baths and splashes growing area beach, has effectively prevented and treated Enteromorpha harm.3. it is sick
Evil preventing and treating.A situation arises for close observation angular leaf spot, is sprayed with 25% wettable powder, 600 to 800 times of metalaxyl liquid at the sick hair initial stage
Mist, sprayed 1 time every 15 days, and even spray 3 times, reach fine prevention effect.Above-mentioned pipe irrigation project extends to summer in 2014.
As a result：Envelope beach is colonized grass block survival rate up to 97%, the average 100cm of plant height after fostering 1 year.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application, it is characterised in that mainly including following step
Suddenly：
<1>It is comprehensive to determine preferably grass beach；<2>Build draining tidal creek；<3>Selected implantation time；
<4>Collection band soil species seedling；<5>Transportation is reduced to damage；<6>Standardized planting method；
<7>Use sufficient base manure and topdress；<8>The reinforcing initial stage is managed and protected.
2. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<1>Carried out by following operation：Growing area beach elevation is more than local mean sea level line, and tide dynamic force is weaker；Beach slope
Degree is preferably small；The matrix granule of growing area is from sandy to Muddy Bottoms；The beach of matrix gap salinity water 0~20.
3. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<2>Carried out by following operation：According to growing area tide flow rate and direction observed result, trend and the rule of artificial tidal creek are planned
Mould；According to the area scale of growing area, if main tidal creek 1~3,2m~4m wide, depth is 70cm~100cm under beach surface；
The quantity of branch tidal creek is set according to reality need, 1m wide or so, and depth is 30cm~40cm under beach surface；With pond antiseepage
Aquaculture film shop fixtures, places corner and ditch bed that stone stone bar is pressed in cultivation film.
4. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<3>Carried out by following operation：Annual March to November plants short leaf cyperus malaccensis；Select the dry dew of beach on daytime in each Tidal period
Time carries out plantation less than the date of flooding time.
5. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<4>Carried out by following operation：According to the salinity of plantation beach, tidal regime and medium property situation, searching habitat is made an on-the-spot survey
The close natural short leaf cyperus malaccensis growth district of condition, growth selection is luxuriant, no disease and pests harm, the larger grassland of area is used as kind in flakes
Source ground；The band soil grass block that collection is grown fine is seedling, is directly planted using young shoot therein and resting bud；Take elder generation before grass block
Prescind most of aerial stem of plant of plant, toothing 20cm；Take the native grass block of band with spades or special collector, specification be 15cm ×
The square of 15cm to 30cm × 30cm, depth 20cm.
6. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<5>Carried out by following operation：The native grass block of band is contained with plastic container.
7. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<6>Carried out by following operation：The grass block of same day collection is colonized on the day of and finishes；Draw tape measure to determine seeding row spacing during field planting, adopt
With 50cm × 50cm to 100cm × 100cm；The native grass block of each band is put into cave hole after spraying about 100ml growth-promotings root growth element solution.
8. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<7>Carried out by following operation：Base manure is discharged when band soil grass block is colonized, and every 100 grass blocks apply carbon ammonium 200g, calcium superphosphate
100g and zinc sulfate 10g；Topdress and discharged in March to May, every 100 grass blocks apply carbon ammonium 200g；Take and apply slow-release fertilizer mode,
Cave buriing is dug on grass block periphery.
9. the method for carrying out restoration of the ecosystem in the short leaf cyperus malaccensis of tide wetland application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step<8>Carried out by following operation：1. purse seine construction；Fence is support with timber or concrete stake, hangs up nylon wire；Purse seine is highly
Higher than local maximum more than high-water mark 50cm；2. Enteromorpha preventing and treating；Copper-bath is taken to splash preventing and treating；3. disease control；Angle spot
Disease is sprayed in sick hair initial stage pesticide control with 25% wettable powder, 600 to 800 times of metalaxyl liquid, is sprayed 1 time every 15 to 20 days,
Even spray 2 to 3 times；4. gather in；Every two years gathered in once in the autumn and winter, and more than toothing 10cm；Above-mentioned these pipe irrigation projects are at least held
Row 2 years.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109819817A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | A method of tidal water body is repaired using ornamental draft |
| CN110089228A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-08-06 | 广东筑奥生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of impaired method for recovering vegetation of seashore wetland |
| CN116368983A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-04 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Coastal sand dune repairing and maintaining method |
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| CN102167446A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-08-31 | 中咨城建设计有限公司 | Artificial wetland and construction method thereof |
| CN102616939A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-01 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Artificial wetland for processing saliferous water body in northwest district |
| CN102612967A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Method for planting cyperus malaccensis in tidal wetland |
| CN103081689A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-08 | 深圳市东华园林绿化有限公司 | Vegetation recovery method for water front hard protection slope |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102167446A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-08-31 | 中咨城建设计有限公司 | Artificial wetland and construction method thereof |
| CN102612967A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Method for planting cyperus malaccensis in tidal wetland |
| CN102616939A (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-08-01 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Artificial wetland for processing saliferous water body in northwest district |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109819817A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | A method of tidal water body is repaired using ornamental draft |
| CN110089228A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-08-06 | 广东筑奥生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of impaired method for recovering vegetation of seashore wetland |
| CN116368983A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-04 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Coastal sand dune repairing and maintaining method |
| CN116368983B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-11-28 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Coastal sand dune repairing and maintaining method |
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Application publication date: 20170707 |