CN110663600A - Method for preventing and treating shrimp diseases in rice field - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating shrimp diseases in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110663600A CN110663600A CN201810710442.3A CN201810710442A CN110663600A CN 110663600 A CN110663600 A CN 110663600A CN 201810710442 A CN201810710442 A CN 201810710442A CN 110663600 A CN110663600 A CN 110663600A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
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- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000001405 Artemisia annua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000000011 Artemisia annua Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000758794 Asarum Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013717 Houttuynia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000746375 Andrographis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000555922 Potamogeton crispus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000498251 Hydrilla Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000758769 Houttuynia Species 0.000 description 6
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- 241000223600 Alternaria Species 0.000 description 2
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- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/23—Solid substances, e.g. granules, powders, blocks, tablets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating shrimp diseases in a paddy field, which solves the problems that crayfishes cultured in the paddy field are easy to be ill in the prior art, so that the growth cycle of the crayfishes is prolonged and the yield is not high. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting an environment suitable for crayfish growth; step 2, before putting the shrimp seedlings, disinfecting a shrimp culturing ditch in the rice field, and then planting aquatic plants in the shrimp culturing ditch to provide natural baits and inhabitation places for the crayfishes; step 3, in the culture process, aiming at the growth characteristics of the crayfish, sufficient bait is put in to ensure the nutritional requirement of the crayfish, and water is changed periodically to ensure the good growth environment of the crayfish; spraying disinfectant to the shrimp culturing ditch every 20-25 days, and adding Chinese medicinal feed accounting for 5-8% of the total amount of the feed when the water temperature is lower than 22 deg.C. The method has scientific design, simple method and simple and convenient operation, integrally ensures the healthy growth of the crayfishes and effectively prevents and treats diseases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and treating shrimp diseases in a paddy field.
Background
Crayfish (academic name: Procambarus clarkii): also known as procambarus clarkii, crayfish and freshwater crayfish. The crayfish has wide adaptability and wide suitable growth temperature, and can grow and develop normally at the water temperature of 10-30 ℃. Can resist high temperature and cold, can resist high temperature of more than 40 ℃, and can live through winter at the temperature of below-14 ℃. The crayfish grows rapidly, and under the condition of proper temperature and sufficient bait supply, sexual maturity can be achieved through cultivation for more than 2 months, and the standard of commercial crayfish is achieved, and generally, male crayfish grows faster than female crayfish, and the standard of commercial crayfish is larger than that of female crayfish.
In the prior art, the crayfish breeding in the rice field can effectively save land resources, and the rice field can also provide a good living environment for the crayfish, so that the crayfish breeding in the rice field is widely applied in recent years. However, the crayfishes cultured in the rice field are susceptible to diseases, so that the growth cycle of the crayfishes is prolonged, and the yield is not high.
Therefore, the method for preventing and treating the shrimp diseases in the paddy field can effectively prevent the diseases of the crayfishes, and the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: provides a method for preventing and treating the shrimp diseases in the rice field, and solves the problems that the crayfishes cultured in the rice field are easy to be ill, so that the growth period is prolonged and the yield is not high in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling shrimp diseases in a paddy field, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting an environment suitable for crayfish growth;
step 2, before putting the shrimp seedlings, disinfecting a shrimp culturing ditch in the rice field, and then planting aquatic plants in the shrimp culturing ditch to provide natural baits and inhabitation places for the crayfishes;
step 3, in the culture process, aiming at the growth characteristics of the crayfish, sufficient bait is put in to ensure the nutritional requirement of the crayfish, and water is changed periodically to ensure the good growth environment of the crayfish; spraying disinfectant solution to the shrimp culture ditch every 20-25 days, and adding Chinese medicinal feed with 5-8% of total feed amount when water temperature is lower than 22 deg.C.
Further, in the step 1, a rice field with sufficient water source, no pollution, good water retention and sufficient illumination is selected as a field for culturing the crayfish.
Further, in step 2, the shrimp culture furrows in the rice field are disinfected, specifically: thoroughly cleaning shrimp culture ditches, removing impurities and residual baits in the ditches, and then spreading quicklime or bleaching powder for disinfection, wherein the dosage of the quicklime or bleaching powder is 40-50kg per mu.
Further, in the step 2, at least one week after disinfection, water storage and planting of aquatic plants in the shrimp farming ditches, wherein the aquatic plants comprise waterweeds, eel weeds, hydrilla verticillata and curly pondweed.
Further, in the step 2, the disinfectant sprayed to the shrimp culture ditch is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of clear water, 20-50 parts of quick lime, 100-200 parts of salt and 10-20 parts of formalin solution.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
Furthermore, in the step 3, water is changed for the shrimp culturing ditch every 2-3 days, and the water changing amount every time is half of the water amount in the shrimp culturing ditch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has scientific design, simple method and simple and convenient operation. The invention integrally ensures the healthy growth of the crayfish and effectively prevents and treats the diseases by selecting the appropriate growth environment for the crayfish, disinfecting before putting the crayfish fry and managing in the culture from various angles. By feeding the traditional Chinese medicine feed, the effects of preventing and treating diseases can be effectively achieved. Meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine feed is dissolved in water, and can also play an effective inhibiting role in the growth of bacteria in the water. The invention effectively ensures the nutrition supply of the crayfishes by cultivating natural baits and feeding the crayfishes with the feed meeting the growth requirement.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling shrimp diseases in a paddy field, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting an environment suitable for crayfish growth;
step 2, before putting the shrimp seedlings, disinfecting a shrimp culturing ditch in the rice field, and then planting aquatic plants in the shrimp culturing ditch to provide natural baits and inhabitation places for the crayfishes;
step 3, in the culture process, aiming at the growth characteristics of the crayfish, sufficient bait is put in to ensure the nutritional requirement of the crayfish, and water is changed periodically to ensure the good growth environment of the crayfish; spraying disinfectant solution to the shrimp culture ditch every 20-25 days, and adding Chinese medicinal feed with 5-8% of total feed amount when water temperature is lower than 22 deg.C.
In the step 1, a rice field with sufficient water source, no pollution, good water retention and sufficient illumination is selected as a field for breeding crayfishes.
In step 2, the shrimp culture ditches in the rice field are disinfected, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: thoroughly cleaning shrimp culture ditches, removing impurities and residual baits in the ditches, and then spreading quicklime or bleaching powder for disinfection, wherein the dosage of the quicklime or bleaching powder is 40-50kg per mu.
In the step 2, at least one week after disinfection, water storage and planting of aquatic plants in the shrimp culture ditch, wherein the aquatic plants comprise waterweeds, eel weeds, hydrilla verticillata and curly pondweed.
In the step 2, the disinfectant sprayed to the shrimp culture ditch is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of clear water, 20-50 parts of quick lime, 100-200 parts of salt and 10-20 parts of formalin solution.
The traditional Chinese medicine feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
In the step 3, water is changed for the shrimp culturing ditch every 2-3 days, and the water changing amount every time is half of the water amount in the shrimp culturing ditch.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine feed, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb and 10-20 parts of soybean meal;
step 2: decocting herba Andrographitis with 5 times of water for 2 times, each for 1 hr, filtering, mixing filtrates, concentrating to relative density of 1.10(40 deg.C), to obtain herba Andrographitis extractive solution;
step 3, pulverizing the sweet wormwood and the heartleaf houttuynia herb respectively, and sieving the powder with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain sweet wormwood powder and heartleaf houttuynia herb powder;
step 4, uniformly mixing the common andrographis herb extract, sweet wormwood herb powder, heartleaf houttuynia herb powder and soybean meal powder, and granulating, wherein the granulated beacon wasp is as follows: the temperature of the conditioner is 70 + -2 deg.C, the vapor pressure is 0.20-0.30Mpa, the compression ratio of the granulating ring mold is 1:5, the particle diameter is 1.5mm, and the feed length is 3-5 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, no pollution, good water retention and sufficient illumination as a field block for cultivating the shrimps.
Step 2, before putting the shrimp seedlings, disinfecting the shrimp culturing ditches in the rice field, and specifically comprising the following steps: thoroughly cleaning a shrimp culture ditch, removing impurities and residual baits in the ditch, and then scattering quick lime or bleaching powder for disinfection, wherein the consumption of the quick lime or the bleaching powder is 40kg per mu;
one week after disinfection, water is stored in the shrimp culturing ditch for planting aquatic plant including waterweed, bitter grass, Alternaria gracilis and Potamogeton crispus.
Step 3, in the culture process, aiming at the growth characteristics of the crayfish, putting sufficient bait to ensure the nutritional requirement of the crayfish, and changing water for the crayfish culture ditch every 2 days, wherein the water changing amount is half of the water amount in the crayfish culture ditch each time, so that the good growth environment of the crayfish is ensured;
spraying disinfectant to the shrimp culture ditch every 20 days, wherein the disinfectant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of clear water, 20 parts of quick lime, 200 parts of table salt and 10 parts of formalin solution. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product. A new formula is used temporarily. The dosage is 30kg per mu of water surface.
When the water temperature is lower than 22 ℃, 5% of the total amount of the feed of the traditional Chinese medicine feed needs to be added, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine feed is the feed prepared in the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a rice field with sufficient water source, no pollution, good water retention and sufficient illumination as a field block for cultivating the shrimps.
Step 2, before putting the shrimp seedlings, disinfecting the shrimp culturing ditches in the rice field, and specifically comprising the following steps: thoroughly cleaning a shrimp culture ditch, removing impurities and residual baits in the ditch, and then scattering quick lime or bleaching powder for disinfection, wherein the consumption of the quick lime or the bleaching powder is 50kg per mu;
one week after disinfection, water is stored in the shrimp culturing ditch for planting aquatic plant including waterweed, bitter grass, Alternaria gracilis and Potamogeton crispus.
Step 3, in the culture process, aiming at the growth characteristics of the crayfish, putting sufficient bait to ensure the nutritional requirement of the crayfish, and changing water for the crayfish culture ditch every 3 days, wherein the water changing amount is half of the water amount in the crayfish culture ditch each time, so that the good growth environment of the crayfish is ensured;
spraying disinfectant to the shrimp culture ditch every 25 days, wherein the disinfectant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of clear water, 250 parts of quick lime, 100 parts of salt and 20 parts of formalin solution. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product. A new formula is used temporarily. The dosage is 50kg per mu of water surface.
When the water temperature is lower than 22 ℃, the traditional Chinese medicine feed accounting for 8 percent of the total feed amount is required to be added, and the traditional Chinese medicine feed is the feed prepared in the embodiment 1.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of this invention, which is intended to be illustrative, not limiting; those skilled in the art will appreciate that many variations, modifications, and even equivalent variations are possible within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preventing and controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting an environment suitable for crayfish growth;
step 2, before putting the shrimp seedlings, disinfecting a shrimp culturing ditch in the rice field, and then planting aquatic plants in the shrimp culturing ditch to provide natural baits and inhabitation places for the crayfishes;
step 3, in the culture process, aiming at the growth characteristics of the crayfish, sufficient bait is put in to ensure the nutritional requirement of the crayfish, and water is changed periodically to ensure the good growth environment of the crayfish; spraying disinfectant to the shrimp culturing ditch every 20-25 days, and adding Chinese medicinal feed accounting for 5-8% of the total amount of the feed when the water temperature is lower than 22 deg.C.
2. The method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the paddy field with sufficient water source, no pollution, good water retention and sufficient illumination is selected as the field for cultivating crayfish.
3. The method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the shrimp culture furrows in the paddy fields are sterilized, specifically: thoroughly cleaning shrimp culture ditches, removing impurities and residual baits in the ditches, and then spreading quicklime or bleaching powder for disinfection, wherein the dosage of the quicklime or bleaching powder is 40-50kg per mu.
4. The method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields as claimed in claim 3, wherein in said step 2, the aquatic plants including waterweed, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata and curly pondweed are planted in the shrimp-farming furrows for at least one week after the sterilization.
5. The method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step 2, the disinfectant sprayed to the shrimp culture furrows is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of clear water, 20-50 parts of quick lime, 100-200 parts of salt and 10-20 parts of formalin solution.
6. The method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields as claimed in claim 5, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine feed is prepared from raw materials comprising the following components: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
7. The method for controlling shrimp diseases in paddy fields as claimed in claim 5, wherein in said step 3, the water is changed every 2 to 3 days in the shrimp farming furrows, and the amount of water changed each time is half of the amount of water in the shrimp farming furrows.
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CN107821262A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Cray winter cultural method |
CN107853224A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-30 | 广西浙缘农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of cray |
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