CN110692562A - Method for breeding crayfishes in rice field - Google Patents
Method for breeding crayfishes in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110692562A CN110692562A CN201810742721.8A CN201810742721A CN110692562A CN 110692562 A CN110692562 A CN 110692562A CN 201810742721 A CN201810742721 A CN 201810742721A CN 110692562 A CN110692562 A CN 110692562A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding crayfishes in a rice field, which solves the problems that the crayfishes are easy to suffer from diseases, the growth cycle is prolonged and the yield is low in the prior art. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: selecting a field; preparing a field; planting seedlings; putting shrimp larvae; feeding management; and (6) fishing. The method is scientific and simple to operate, and when the crayfishes are cultured in the rice field by adopting the method, the crayfishes are not easy to be ill, the maturation period is short, and the yield is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating crayfishes in a rice field.
Background
Crayfish (academic name: Procambarus clarkii): also known as procambarus clarkii, crayfish and freshwater crayfish. The crayfish has wide adaptability and wide suitable growth temperature, and can grow and develop normally at the water temperature of 10-30 ℃. Can resist high temperature and cold, can resist high temperature of more than 40 ℃, and can live through winter at the temperature of below-14 ℃. The crayfish grows rapidly, and under the condition of proper temperature and sufficient bait supply, sexual maturity can be achieved through cultivation for more than 2 months, and the standard of commercial shrimps is achieved, and generally, male shrimps grow faster than female shrimps, and the standard of the commercial shrimps is larger than that of the female shrimps.
In the prior art, the crayfish breeding in the rice field can effectively save land resources, and the rice field can also provide a good living environment for the crayfish, so that the crayfish breeding in the rice field is widely applied in recent years. However, the crayfishes cultured in the rice field are susceptible to diseases, the growth cycle is prolonged, and the yield is not high.
Therefore, the method for breeding the crayfishes in the rice field is provided, the crayfishes are not easy to be ill, the maturation period is short, and the yield is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: provides a method for breeding crayfishes in a rice field, and solves the problems that the crayfishes are easy to get ill, the growth cycle is prolonged and the yield is not high in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for breeding crayfishes in a rice field, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, field selection: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, no pollution to water quality, rich soil and sufficient illumination;
step 2, field preparation: before rice seedling transplanting, digging an annular ditch in a rice field, and then sterilizing and fertilizing water quality;
step 3, planting seedlings: selecting rice varieties with strong lodging resistance and strong disease and insect resistance for transplanting, wherein the transplanting density is 5000-6000 plants per mu;
step 4, putting the shrimp fries: putting shrimp seedlings into the annular ditch 2-5 days after the seedlings are planted, wherein the specifications of the shrimp seedlings are 2-4 cm, and the putting amount is 3000 plus 5000 tails per mu;
step 5, feeding management: immediately putting shrimp feed into the annular ditch after the shrimp seedlings are put, wherein the putting weight of the feed is 60-80 kg/mu, putting the lobster feed into the rice field at regular intervals every 1 day, and after 20-40 days of lobster cultivation, the putting weight of the lobster feed is 120 kg/mu; when the water temperature is lower than 22 ℃, Chinese medicinal feed accounting for 5-8% of the total feed amount is required to be added;
in the culture process, the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every 3-5 days, and one half of the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every time, and the water depth in the annular ditch is ensured not to be lower than 6 cm;
step 6, fishing: and 2-3 months after the shrimp larvae are thrown in, the crayfishes can be caught after being mature.
Further, in the step 2, annular ditches are dug in the rice field, the distance between each annular ditch and each ridge is 50-80cm, and the size of each annular ditch is 3.5-4.5 meters wide and 1.3-1.6 meters deep; and an escape-proof net is arranged between the annular ditch and the ridge, and the overground part and the underground part of the escape-proof net are both 30-40 cm.
Further, in the step 2, the annular ditch is sterilized by quicklime or bleaching powder before the seedlings are planted, and the dosage of the quicklime or bleaching powder is 40-50kg per mu.
Further, in the step 2, after 3-5 days of sterilization, injecting 40-60 cm of water into the annular ditch, applying 100kg of sterilized organic fertilizer per mu, fertilizing the water quality and cultivating natural bait; after the fertilizer is applied, waterweed, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, curly pondweed and other aquatic plants favored by the crayfish are planted in the shrimp culture ditch, thereby providing natural bait and habitat for the crayfish.
Further, the shrimp larvae are thrown in the step 4 in the early morning or in the rainy day.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
Further, in the step 6, the aperture of a tool for fishing is 5-8 cm.
Further, when the shrimp larvae are thrown in the step 4, the male-female ratio is 5: 3-4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
the method is scientific and simple to operate, and when the crayfishes are cultured in the rice field by adopting the method, the crayfishes are not easy to be ill, the maturation period is short, and the yield is high.
The field selected by the invention has sufficient water source and no pollution to water quality, and the field is sterilized before cultivation, so that the good living environment of the crayfish is fully ensured. In the culture process, the environment is always in a good state by changing water, and the traditional Chinese medicine feed is fed to effectively play a role in preventing and treating diseases. Meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine feed is dissolved in water, and can also play an effective inhibiting role in the growth of bacteria in the water. The invention effectively ensures the nutrition supply by cultivating natural baits and feeding the feedstuff which meets the growth requirement of the crayfish. The invention controls the male and female proportion of the shrimp larvae, so that the shrimp larvae can grow in accordance with the natural environment.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
The invention relates to a method for breeding crayfishes in a rice field, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, field selection: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, no pollution to water quality, rich soil and sufficient illumination;
step 2, field preparation: before rice seedling transplanting, digging an annular ditch in a rice field, and then sterilizing and fertilizing water quality;
step 3, planting seedlings: selecting rice varieties with strong lodging resistance and strong disease and insect resistance for transplanting, wherein the transplanting density is 5000-6000 plants per mu;
step 4, putting the shrimp fries: putting shrimp seedlings into the annular ditch 2-5 days after the seedlings are planted, wherein the specifications of the shrimp seedlings are 2-4 cm, and the putting amount is 3000 plus 5000 tails per mu;
step 5, feeding management: immediately putting shrimp feed into the annular ditch after the shrimp seedlings are put, wherein the putting weight of the feed is 60-80 kg/mu, putting the lobster feed into the rice field at regular intervals every 1 day, and after 20-40 days of lobster cultivation, the putting weight of the lobster feed is 120 kg/mu; when the water temperature is lower than 22 ℃, Chinese medicinal feed accounting for 5-8% of the total feed amount is required to be added;
in the culture process, the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every 3-5 days, and one half of the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every time, and the water depth in the annular ditch is ensured not to be lower than 6 cm;
step 6, fishing: and 2-3 months after the shrimp larvae are thrown in, the crayfishes can be caught after being mature.
In the step 2, digging an annular ditch in the rice field, wherein the distance between the annular ditch and the ridge is 50-80cm, and the size of the annular ditch is 3.5-4.5 meters wide and 1.3-1.6 meters deep; and an escape-proof net is arranged between the annular ditch and the ridge, and the overground part and the underground part of the escape-proof net are both 30-40 cm.
And in the step 2, sterilizing the annular ditch with quicklime or bleaching powder before planting the seedlings, wherein the dosage of the quicklime or bleaching powder is 40-50kg per mu.
In the step 2, injecting 40-60 cm of water into the annular ditch 3-5 days after sterilization, applying 100-200kg of sterilized organic fertilizer per mu, fertilizing the water quality, and cultivating natural bait; after the fertilizer is applied, waterweed, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, curly pondweed and other aquatic plants favored by the crayfish are planted in the shrimp culture ditch, thereby providing natural bait and habitat for the crayfish.
And 4, putting the shrimp seeds in the step 4 in the early morning or in the rainy day.
The traditional Chinese medicine feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
In the step 6, the aperture of the tool for fishing is 5-8 cm.
When the shrimp fries are thrown in the step 4, the male-female ratio is 5: 3-4.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine feed, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb and 10-20 parts of soybean meal;
step 2: decocting herba Andrographitis with 5 times of water for 2 times, each for 1 hr, filtering, mixing filtrates, concentrating to relative density of 1.10(40 deg.C), to obtain herba Andrographitis extractive solution;
step 3, pulverizing the sweet wormwood and the heartleaf houttuynia herb respectively, and sieving the powder with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain sweet wormwood powder and heartleaf houttuynia herb powder;
step 4, uniformly mixing the common andrographis herb extract, sweet wormwood herb powder, heartleaf houttuynia herb powder and soybean meal powder, and granulating, wherein the granulated beacon wasp is as follows: the temperature of the conditioner is 70 plus or minus 2 ℃, the steam pressure is 0.20-0.30Mpa, the compression ratio of the granulating ring die is 1:5, the grain diameter is 1.5mm, and the feed length is 3-5 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a crayfish breeding method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, field selection: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, no pollution to water quality, rich soil and sufficient illumination;
step 2, field preparation: before rice seedling transplanting, digging an annular ditch in a rice field, and then sterilizing and fertilizing water quality;
wherein, digging an annular ditch in the rice field, wherein the annular ditch is 50cm away from the ridge, and the size of the annular ditch is 3.5 meters wide and 1.6 meters deep; an escape-proof net is arranged between the annular ditch and the ridge, and the overground part and the underground part of the escape-proof net are 40 cm.
The specific operation of sterilization is as follows: and (3) sterilizing the annular ditch with quicklime or bleaching powder before planting seedlings, wherein the dosage of the quicklime or bleaching powder is 40kg per mu.
Injecting water 40cm into the annular ditch 3 days after sterilization, applying 200kg of sterilized organic fertilizer per mu, fertilizing the water quality, and cultivating natural bait; after the fertilizer is applied, waterweed, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, curly pondweed and other aquatic plants favored by the crayfish are planted in the shrimp culture ditch, thereby providing natural bait and habitat for the crayfish.
Step 3, planting seedlings: selecting rice varieties with strong lodging resistance and strong disease and insect resistance for transplanting, wherein the transplanting density is 5000 plants per mu;
step 4, putting the shrimp fries: putting shrimp seedlings into the annular ditch 2 days after the seedlings are planted, wherein the size of the shrimp seedlings is 4 cm, and the putting amount is 3000 tails per mu; putting the shrimp seeds in the early morning or in the rainy day, wherein the male-female ratio of the shrimp seeds is 5: 3.
step 5, feeding management: immediately feeding shrimp feed into the annular ditch after the feeding of the shrimp seedlings is finished, wherein the feeding weight of the feed is 80 kg/mu, then feeding the lobster feed into the rice field every 1 day, and after 20 days of lobster cultivation, the feeding weight of the lobster feed is 100 kg/mu; when the water temperature is lower than 22 ℃, Chinese medicinal feed accounting for 5 percent of the total feed amount is required to be added; the traditional Chinese medicine feed is the traditional Chinese medicine feed prepared in example 1.
In the culture process, the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every 3-5 days, and one half of the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every time, and the water depth in the annular ditch is ensured not to be lower than 6 cm;
step 6, fishing: 80 days after the shrimp larvae are thrown in, the crayfishes can be caught after being mature. The diameter of the fishing tool is 5-8 cm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a crayfish breeding method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, field selection: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, no pollution to water quality, rich soil and sufficient illumination;
step 2, field preparation: before rice seedling transplanting, digging an annular ditch in a rice field, and then sterilizing and fertilizing water quality;
wherein, digging a ring-shaped ditch in the rice field, wherein the ring-shaped ditch is 80cm away from the ridge, and the size of the ring-shaped ditch is 4.5 meters wide and 1.3 meters deep; an escape-proof net is arranged between the annular ditch and the ridge, and the overground part and the underground part of the escape-proof net are both 30 cm.
The specific operation of sterilization is as follows: and (3) sterilizing the annular ditch with quick lime or bleaching powder before planting seedlings, wherein the dosage of the quick lime or bleaching powder is 50kg per mu.
Injecting water 60 cm into the annular ditch 5 days after sterilization, applying 100kg of sterilized organic fertilizer per mu, fertilizing water quality, and cultivating natural bait; after the fertilizer is applied, waterweed, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, curly pondweed and other aquatic plants favored by the crayfish are planted in the shrimp culture ditch, thereby providing natural bait and habitat for the crayfish.
Step 3, planting seedlings: selecting rice varieties with strong lodging resistance and strong disease and pest resistance for transplanting, wherein the transplanting density is 6000 plants per mu;
step 4, putting the shrimp fries: 5 days after the seedlings are planted, putting shrimp seedlings into the annular ditch, wherein the size of the shrimp seedlings is 2 cm, and the putting amount is 5000 tails per mu; putting the shrimp seeds in the early morning or in the rainy day, wherein the male-female ratio of the shrimp seeds is 5: 4.
step 5, feeding management: immediately putting shrimp feed into the annular ditch after the shrimp larvae are put into the annular ditch, wherein the putting weight of the feed is 60 kg/mu, putting the lobster feed into the rice field every 1 day, and after the lobsters are cultured for 40 days, the putting weight of the lobster feed is 120 kg/mu; when the water temperature is lower than 22 ℃, Chinese medicinal feed accounting for 8 percent of the total feed amount is required to be added; the traditional Chinese medicine feed is the traditional Chinese medicine feed prepared in example 1.
In the culture process, the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every 3-5 days, and one half of the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every time, and the water depth in the annular ditch is ensured not to be lower than 6 cm;
step 6, fishing: 80 days after the shrimp larvae are thrown in, the crayfishes can be caught after being mature. The diameter of the fishing tool is 5-8 cm.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of this invention, which is intended to be illustrative, not limiting; those skilled in the art will appreciate that many variations, modifications, and even equivalent variations are possible within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for breeding crayfish in rice field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, field selection: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, no pollution to water quality, rich soil and sufficient illumination;
step 2, field preparation: before rice seedling transplanting, digging an annular ditch in a rice field, and then sterilizing and fertilizing water quality;
step 3, planting seedlings: selecting rice varieties with strong lodging resistance and strong disease and insect resistance for transplanting, wherein the transplanting density is 5000-6000 plants per mu;
step 4, putting the shrimp fries: putting shrimp seedlings into the annular ditch 2-5 days after the seedlings are planted, wherein the specifications of the shrimp seedlings are 2-4 cm, and the putting amount is 3000 plus 5000 tails per mu;
step 5, feeding management: immediately putting shrimp feed into the annular ditch after the shrimp seedlings are put, wherein the putting weight of the feed is 60-80 kg/mu, putting the lobster feed into the rice field at regular intervals every 1 day, and after 20-40 days of lobster cultivation, the putting weight of the lobster feed is 120 kg/mu; when the water temperature is lower than 22 ℃, Chinese medicinal feed accounting for 5-8% of the total feed amount is required to be added;
in the culture process, the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every 3-5 days, and one half of the water quality of the rice field needs to be replaced every time, and the water depth in the annular ditch is ensured not to be lower than 6 cm;
step 6, fishing: and 2-3 months after the shrimp larvae are thrown in, the crayfishes can be caught after being mature.
2. The method for cultivating crayfish in rice field as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, a circular trench is dug in the rice field, the circular trench is 50-80cm away from the ridge, and the size of the circular trench is 3.5-4.5 m wide and 1.3-1.6 m deep; and an escape-proof net is arranged between the annular ditch and the ridge, and the overground part and the underground part of the escape-proof net are both 30-40 cm.
3. The method for cultivating crayfish in rice field as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the annular trench is sterilized with quicklime or bleaching powder before planting seedlings, and the usage amount of the quicklime or bleaching powder is 40-50kg per mu.
4. The method for cultivating crayfish in rice field as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step 2, water is injected into the annular ditch for 40-60 cm 3-5 days after sterilization, and then 100kg of sterilized organic fertilizer is applied per mu for fertilizing water quality and cultivating natural bait; after the fertilizer is applied, waterweed, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, curly pondweed and other aquatic plants favored by the crayfish are planted in the shrimp culture ditch, thereby providing natural bait and habitat for the crayfish.
5. The method for cultivating crayfish in rice field as claimed in claim 4, wherein the feeding of crayfish seedling in step 4 is performed in the early morning or in the rainy day.
6. The method for breeding crayfish in rice field as claimed in claim 5, wherein the Chinese traditional medicine feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 3-5 parts of common andrographis herb, 3-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 5-9 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
7. The method for cultivating crayfish in rice field as claimed in claim 6, wherein the diameter of the hole of the tool for catching in step 6 is 5-8 cm.
8. The method for cultivating crayfish in rice field as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ratio of male to female is 5: 3-4.
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| CN114342848A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆市荣昌区傲蕾龙虾养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding shrimps in rice field by using continuous cropping system |
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| CN111789008A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-20 | 安徽信福乡田生态农业有限公司 | Organic rice planting method for rice and shrimp co-farming |
| CN114342848A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆市荣昌区傲蕾龙虾养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding shrimps in rice field by using continuous cropping system |
| CN114342848B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-09-20 | 重庆市荣昌区傲蕾龙虾养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding shrimps in rice field by using continuous cropping system |
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