CN110437006A - A kind of method that changing food waste into resources is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil - Google Patents
A kind of method that changing food waste into resources is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110437006A CN110437006A CN201910854570.XA CN201910854570A CN110437006A CN 110437006 A CN110437006 A CN 110437006A CN 201910854570 A CN201910854570 A CN 201910854570A CN 110437006 A CN110437006 A CN 110437006A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that changing food waste into resources is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, more particularly to changing rejected material to useful resource and green agriculture technical field, specific steps are as follows: S1, first with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer of kitchen garbage and feces of livestock and poultry preparation prevention and control soil ammonia volatilization；S2, bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer prepared by step S1 is applied in vegetable fields, is used for the field ammonia volatilization of prevention and control vegetable cultivation.The present invention has both the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer of microbial bacterial agent and organic fertilizer effect by preparation, for that can reduce soil ammonia volatilization amount in agricultural crops production, nitrogen utilization efficiency is improved, improves crop-planting environment, while improving crop yield, pollutant emission is reduced, it is practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to changing rejected material to useful resource and green agriculture technical field, it is more particularly related to a kind of meal
The method that kitchen garbage as resource is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil.
Background technique
In recent years, Urbanization in China is constantly accelerated, and catering trade rapid development all generates a large amount of kitchen garbages daily.
In domestic waste, the accounting of kitchen garbage is 30%~50%.It counts according to the study, China city generates 60,000,000 every year
T or more kitchen garbage.If cannot rationally dispose, living environment will seriously affect, or even jeopardize the health of people.Certainly,
Kitchen garbage has the nutriments abundant such as starch, cellulose, protein, has very big utility value.Therefore, kitchen rubbish
Rubbish resource utilization and harmless treatment have become current hot spot, this to turn waste into wealth, effectively reduce pollutant emission and delay
The method for solving garbage loading embeading pressure etc., realizes changing rejected material to useful resource, reduces the discharge of pollutant.
With the continuous adjustment of agricultural planting structure, market demand is gradually expanded, people's mistake while devoting exclusive attention to output
Degree application chemical fertilizer undoubtedly becomes hot issue.During crop production, excessively apply chemical fertilizer can cause soil acidification, it is hardened and
The problems such as nitrate is largely accumulated, leads to plant products and quality decline, and groundwater resources seriously pollute；On the other hand, pass through
The gaseous exhaust of ammonia and nitrous oxide causes nitrogen loss and atmosphere pollution.Wherein, ammonia volatilization is Removed In Soil-crop System nitrogen
The main path of loss can cause the environmental problems such as the substantially loss of nutrient in soil, gray haze pollution and greenhouse effects aggravation.
It is raw material through harmless treatment, decomposed that biological organic fertilizer, which is using plant and animal residues such as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straws,
The organic materials being prepared into can be used as good carrier, and the green high-efficient fertilizer being combined with effective bacterium can not only make solid
Waste reaches resource utilization, and crop yield gets a promotion, and plays an important role in enhancement of environment.The present invention
It is conceived to prevention and control agricultural land soil ammonia volatilization, while reduces the discharge of pollutant, provides a kind of solution starch of kitchen garbage culture
The green fertilizer that bacillus and organic fertilizer are effectively combined in prevention and control agricultural non -point pollution, improves nitrogen utilization efficiency and gives up
Waste resource plays an important role in utilizing.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the drawbacks described above of the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of changing food waste into resources for preventing
The method for controlling agricultural land soil ammonia volatilization has both the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology of microbial bacterial agent and organic fertilizer effect by preparing
Organic fertilizer, for that in agricultural crops production, can reduce soil ammonia volatilization amount, raising nitrogen utilization efficiency improves crop-planting environment,
Crop yield is improved simultaneously, reduces pollutant emission, it is practical.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of changing food waste into resources is used for prevention and control farmland
The method of soil ammonia volatilization, specific steps are as follows:
S1, have first with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology of kitchen garbage and feces of livestock and poultry preparation prevention and control soil ammonia volatilization
Machine fertilizer, specifically includes:
S1.1, kitchen garbage pretreatment: kitchen garbage is beaten with refiner, is diluted with water as solid content, then uses hydrogen
Aqueous solution of sodium oxide or limewash adjust the pH to 6.8~7.7 of waste water, are boiled 10~35 minutes and are sterilized with microwave；
S1.2, liquid seeds preparation: the solution of slant preservation is inoculated with into the triangular flask equipped with the kitchen garbage pre-processed
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, shaken cultivation obtain liquid seeds；
S1.3, liquid state fermentation: inoculation volume ratio is 2%~15% in equipped with the kitchen garbage fermentor pre-processed
Liquid seeds lead to filtrated air culture；Cultured fermentation liquid is through count plate；
S1.4, microbial inoculum preparation: using the biological carbon for crossing 30 meshes as carrier, fermentation liquid being added in biological carbon, sufficiently mixed
It closes uniformly, aeration-drying is to water content 25% hereinafter, obtaining solid-state microbial inoculum；
S1.5, biological organic fertilizer preparation: using feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw as raw material through harmless treatment, decomposed
It is prepared into organic materials, solid-state microbial inoculum is uniformly mixed with organic fertilizer, aeration-drying to water content 25% is hereinafter, packaging, storage
At shady and cool drying, bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer is obtained；
S2, bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer prepared by step S1 is applied in vegetable fields, is used for prevention and control vegetables
Plant field ammonia volatilization.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S1.1, kitchen garbage be diluted with water after concentration be 20 grams/
Rise~80 grams per liters.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S1.2, after kitchen garbage is inoculated with bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in
25~37 DEG C, 120~200 revs/min shaken cultivation 24~36 hours.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S1.3, after liquid seeds inoculation, in 25~37 DEG C, lead to nothing
Bacterium air jet flow 15~36 hours.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S1.4, fermentation liquid: the weight ratio of biological carbon is 1: 1~1:
3。
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S1.5, the weight ratio of solid-state microbial inoculum and organic fertilizer is 1: 1~
1∶5。
It in a preferred embodiment, can also be directly by fermentation liquid and organic fertilizer according to 1 in the step S1.5
: 2~1: 10 weight ratio is uniformly mixed, aeration-drying to 25% or less water content.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S2, the application side of bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer
Method is to mix to apply, and bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer is mixed with 0-20cm layers for examination soil.
Technical effect and advantage of the invention:
1, nutriment culture bacillus amyloliquefaciens abundant in present invention effective use kitchen garbage, gained fermentation liquid
Viable count reaches 6.3 × 109CFU/ milliliters, realizes changing food waste into resources, reduces pollutant emission, and can be used as very well
Microbiological culture media；Using plant and animal residues such as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straws as raw material through harmless treatment, decomposed preparation
At organic materials, as good carrier, the green being effectively combined with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens of kitchen garbage culture is high
Fertilizer is imitated, in prevention and control farmland emission intensity and promotes to play an important role in plant growth；
2, the present invention has both the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer of microbial bacterial agent and organic fertilizer effect by preparation,
For soil ammonia volatilization rate in agricultural crops production, can be made to reach the time advance of peak value and shorten the ammonia volatilization week of soil
Phase, and then soil ammonia volatilization amount is reduced, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency；PH during soil ammonia volatilization rate peak value, soil pH can be reduced
There is certain corresponding relationships with ammonia volatilization rate, and value is smaller, and ammonia volatilization rate is smaller；It can reinforce soil ammonia volatilization peak value
The nitrification of period, nitrification power are also to influence one of ammonia volatilization key factor；Reducing the same of soil ammonia volatilization amount
When crop yield be also obviously improved；
3, nutriment culture bacillus amyloliquefaciens abundant in present invention effective use kitchen garbage, can be used as very well
Microbiological culture media, the problems such as excessive application chemical fertilizer bring soil hardening, acidification and nitrogen loss is effectively relieved, provide complete
Face nutrient promotes edaphon breeding and raising soil fertilizer water holding capacity etc., in the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, improves nitrogen
It is played an important role in plain utilization rate and utilization of waste as resource.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the soil ammonia volatilization rate schematic diagram of different fertilization of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the soil ammonia volatilization cumulant schematic diagram of different fertilization of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the soil pH of different fertilizer of the present invention processing changes schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that different fertilizer of the present invention handles soil NH4+-N variation schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that different fertilizer of the present invention handles N2O flux variation schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the romaine lettuce yield schematic diagram of different fertilizer of the present invention processing.
Fig. 7 is ammonia volatilization collection device schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method that changing food waste into resources is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, specific steps are as follows:
S1, have first with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology of kitchen garbage and feces of livestock and poultry preparation prevention and control soil ammonia volatilization
Machine fertilizer, specifically includes:
S1.1, kitchen garbage pretreatment: kitchen garbage is beaten with refiner, being diluted with water as concentration is 50 grams per liters
Then solid content adjusts the pH to 7 of waste water with sodium hydrate aqueous solution or limewash, boiled 10 minutes and sterilized with microwave；
S1.2, liquid seeds preparation: the solution of slant preservation is inoculated with into the triangular flask equipped with the kitchen garbage pre-processed
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in 37 DEG C, 120 revs/min shaken cultivation 24 hours, obtain liquid seeds；
S1.3, liquid state fermentation: inoculation volume ratio is 2%~15% in equipped with the kitchen garbage fermentor pre-processed
Liquid seeds lead to filtrated air culture 24 hours in 37 DEG C；Cultured fermentation liquid reaches through count plate, viable count
4.6 × 109CFU/ milliliters or more；
S1.4, microbial inoculum preparation: biological carbon (remaining solid matter, main component after biomass pyrolytic to cross 30 meshes
It is carbon) it is carrier, according to fermentation liquid: fermentation liquid is added in biological carbon by the weight ratio of biological carbon 1: 1, is sufficiently mixed
Even, aeration-drying is to water content 25% hereinafter, obtaining solid-state microbial inoculum；
S1.5, biological organic fertilizer preparation: by solid-state microbial inoculum and organic fertilizer, (organic fertilizer uses feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw
Equal plant and animal residues as raw material through harmless treatment, decomposed be prepared into) uniformly mixed, the aeration-drying according to 1: 1 weight ratio
It, can also be straight to water content 25% hereinafter, packaging, is stored at shady and cool drying, obtains bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer
It connects and is uniformly mixed fermentation liquid according to 1: 1 weight ratio with organic fertilizer, aeration-drying to 25% or less water content；
S2, bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer prepared by step S1 is applied in vegetable fields, is used for prevention and control vegetables
Field ammonia volatilization is planted, and the applying method of bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer is to mix to apply, by bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology
Organic fertilizer is mixed with 5cm layers for examination soil.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method that changing food waste into resources is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, specific steps are as follows:
S1, have first with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology of kitchen garbage and feces of livestock and poultry preparation prevention and control soil ammonia volatilization
Machine fertilizer, specifically includes:
S1.1, kitchen garbage pretreatment: kitchen garbage is beaten with refiner, being diluted with water as concentration is 30 grams per liters
Then solid content adjusts the pH to 7.3 of waste water with sodium hydrate aqueous solution or limewash, boiled 15 minutes and sterilized with microwave；
S1.2, liquid seeds preparation: the solution of slant preservation is inoculated with into the triangular flask equipped with the kitchen garbage pre-processed
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in 30 DEG C, 150 revs/min shaken cultivation 30 hours, obtain liquid seeds；
S1.3, liquid state fermentation: the liquid that inoculation volume ratio is 10% in equipped with the kitchen garbage fermentor pre-processed
Seed leads to filtrated air culture 18 hours in 30 DEG C；Cultured fermentation liquid through count plate, viable count reaches 6.3 ×
109CFU/ milliliters or more；
S1.4, microbial inoculum preparation: biological carbon (remaining solid matter, main component after biomass pyrolytic to cross 30 meshes
It is carbon) it is carrier, according to fermentation liquid: fermentation liquid is added in biological carbon by the weight ratio of biological carbon 1: 2, is sufficiently mixed
Even, aeration-drying is to water content 25% hereinafter, obtaining solid-state microbial inoculum；
S1.5, biological organic fertilizer preparation: by solid-state microbial inoculum and organic fertilizer, (organic fertilizer uses feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw
Equal plant and animal residues as raw material through harmless treatment, decomposed be prepared into) uniformly mixed, the aeration-drying according to 1: 3 weight ratio
It, can also be straight to water content 25% hereinafter, packaging, is stored at shady and cool drying, obtains bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer
It connects and is uniformly mixed fermentation liquid according to 1: 3 weight ratio with organic fertilizer, aeration-drying to 25% or less water content；
S2, bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer prepared by step S1 is applied in vegetable fields, is used for prevention and control vegetables
Field ammonia volatilization is planted, and the applying method of bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer is to mix to apply, by bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology
Organic fertilizer is mixed with 10cm layers for examination soil.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of method that changing food waste into resources is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, specific steps are as follows:
S1, have first with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology of kitchen garbage and feces of livestock and poultry preparation prevention and control soil ammonia volatilization
Machine fertilizer, specifically includes:
S1.1, kitchen garbage pretreatment: kitchen garbage is beaten with refiner, being diluted with water as concentration is 70 grams per liters
Then solid content adjusts the pH to 6.8 of waste water with sodium hydrate aqueous solution or limewash, boiled 30 minutes and sterilized with microwave；
S1.2, liquid seeds preparation: the solution of slant preservation is inoculated with into the triangular flask equipped with the kitchen garbage pre-processed
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in 25 DEG C, 180 revs/min shaken cultivation 32 hours, obtain liquid seeds；
S1.3, liquid state fermentation: inoculation volume ratio is 2%~15% in equipped with the kitchen garbage fermentor pre-processed
Liquid seeds lead to filtrated air culture 32 hours in 25 DEG C；Cultured fermentation liquid reaches through count plate, viable count
5.4 × 109CFU/ milliliters or more；
S1.4, microbial inoculum preparation: biological carbon (remaining solid matter, main component after biomass pyrolytic to cross 30 meshes
It is carbon) it is carrier, according to fermentation liquid: fermentation liquid is added in biological carbon by the weight ratio of biological carbon 1: 3, is sufficiently mixed
Even, aeration-drying is to water content 25% hereinafter, obtaining solid-state microbial inoculum；
S1.5, biological organic fertilizer preparation: by solid-state microbial inoculum and organic fertilizer, (organic fertilizer uses feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw
Equal plant and animal residues as raw material through harmless treatment, decomposed be prepared into) uniformly mixed, the aeration-drying according to 1: 5 weight ratio
It, can also be straight to water content 25% hereinafter, packaging, is stored at shady and cool drying, obtains bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer
It connects and is uniformly mixed fermentation liquid according to 1: 5 weight ratio with organic fertilizer, aeration-drying to 25% or less water content；
S2, bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer prepared by step S1 is applied in vegetable fields, is used for prevention and control vegetables
Field ammonia volatilization is planted, and the applying method of bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer is to mix to apply, by bacillus amyloliquefaciens biology
Organic fertilizer is mixed with 20cm layers for examination soil.
Embodiment 4:
The present invention uses pot experiment, terminates since in December, 2018 by 2 months 2019, whole process is in Langfang in Hebei Province
The Yongqing County dragon and tiger village carries out in the greenhouse of Agricultural Park.Amount of nitrogen is 0.25g N/Kg soil, 15Kg soil/pot, chemical fertilizer choosing
With compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O content is 17%), organic fertilizer nitrogen content is 5.11%, and fertilization mode is applied using mixed.Romaine lettuce kind
Density in planting is 8 plants/basin.In addition to fertilizer type difference, other production management measures of each processing are consistent.Test is set at 4
Reason 4 parallel, random alignments.It is respectively as follows: control treatment (not applying fertilizer) (CK), chemical fertilizer 100% handles (C), solution starch gemma bar
Bacteria organic fertilizer 50%+ chemical fertilizer 50% handles (B1), bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer 100% (B2).
Test measures daily ammonia volatilization amount using dynamic case method (such as Fig. 7), all surveys ammonia volatilization daily within the 1st week after application,
It is primary that it is spaced measurement in 2 days later, until ammonia volatilization effect is unobvious, experimental rig material is organic glass, and long 30cm is wide
20cm, high 20cm inject soil 3cm.Minute is selected as 10 ︰ 30-13 ︰ 30 of the morning and is measured three hours, selects after fertilising the 1st week
An ammonia volatilization is surveyed daily, can be surveyed within 2 days later once, (does not observe obvious color to become until ammonia volatilization can be ignored
Change).The dynamic case method method is suitable for field plot comparative experiments, the basic principle is that being utilized using vacuum pump as power source
The closed indoor NH3 of air displacement, the NH3 evaporated enters in absorption bottle with pumping airflow, to contain methyl red-methylene
2% boric acid solution 50mL of base indigo plant mixed indicator finally uses the dilution heat of sulfuric acid of standard 0.005mol/L as ammonia absorbing liquid
Titration is to calculate ammonia volatilization amount, to not observe obvious face containing methyl red-methylene blue mixed indicator boric acid absorbing liquid
When color change, off-test.Soil ammonia volatilization rate calculations formula is as follows: being absorbed with the standard acidometric titration boric acid of 0.005mol/L
Liquid, then bring the sulfuric acid volume of titration consumption into formula and calculate ammonia volatilization amount.
Soil ammonia volatilization rate (kg/hm2/ d)=[M/ (A × D)] × 10-2
In formula: M --- the ammonia (NH measured every time for closed method single device3- N, mg)；
A --- it is the cross-sectional area (hm of acquisition equipment2)；
D --- for the time (d) continuously captured every time.
The test data figure such as Fig. 1-6 is obtained during test:
In Fig. 1, after fertilising, quickly there is ammonia volatilization in all processing, begin to decline after rising to peak value, until with soil
Earth ammonia volatilization is horizontal close to control treatment.Wherein, quickly there is ammonia volatilization after fertilising in C processing, and steeply rises, at the 5th day
Reach ammonia volatilization flux peak, is 6.93kghm-2·d-1, ammonia volatilization durations are 30 days.B1 and B2 processing is being applied respectively
Reach ammonia volatilization flux peak, respectively 0.57kghm within the 6th day and the 4th day after fertilizer-2·d-1And 0.96kghm-2·d-1,
The ammonia volatilization period is 15 days or so, and the ammonia loss by volatilization rate peak value relative to C processing reduces 91.77% He respectively
86.14%.
In Fig. 2, in the case where identical amount of nitrogen, ammonia volatilization total amount is respectively as follows: C > B1 > B2 > CK.Wherein, CK is handled
Ammonia volatilization total amount be 1.67kghm-2, the ammonia volatilization total amount of B2 processing is 2.11kghm-2, the ammonia volatilization total amount of B1 processing
For 2.85kghm-2, the ammonia volatilization total amount of C processing is 13.89kghm-2.Relative to C processing, B1 and B2 handle ammonia volatilization amount
It decreases, wherein B1, which handles ammonia volatilization total amount, which reduces by 79.48%, B2 processing ammonia volatilization total amount, reduces by 84.81%.
In Fig. 3, starting to be gradually reduced after fertilising, this is corresponding with pedotheque ammonia volatilization rate, and soil pH is lower,
Ammonia volatilization rate is smaller.After the test, respectively processing soil pH is lower than before applying fertilizer, this is because the ingredient in chemical fertilizer belongs to mostly
In acidic fertilizier (such as: calcium superphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride), i.e., after the nutrient ion in plant absorption fertilizer, hydrogen in soil
Ion increases, and easily causes soil acidification.In addition a large amount of NH4 +、K+With the Ca of soil colloid absorption2+, the cation such as Mg hands over
It changes, is destroyed soil texture, lead to soil hardening.Soil organism decline, chemical fertilizer can not compensate the shortage of organic matter, into one
Step affects the existence of edaphon, reduces fertilizer efficiency.Therefore, application chemical fertilizer not only results in soil acid for a long time and excessively
Change, can also cause soil hardening, fertility decline.During test, CK processing soil pH is higher and relatively stable, is 8.53-8.21.
The soil pH of C processing reduces at most, reduces 1.10 pH units.The soil pH of CK processing reduces at least, reduces 0.29
PH unit.After crop harvest, the soil pH of CK, C, B1 and B2 processing is respectively 8.23,7.60,7.86 and 8.22, up to
CK processing, minimum C processing.
In Fig. 4, all processing soil NH4 +N content is all to rise rapidly within 0-5 days after fertilising, and reach peak value, then
It begins to decline again, until tending towards stability, this is corresponding with pedotheque ammonia volatilization rate, the NH of pedotheque4 +N content is higher,
Ammonia volatilization rate is bigger.In addition, the soil NH of C processing4 +N content is apparently higher than application bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer
The soil of (B1 and B2) illustrates that applying a certain proportion of biological organic fertilizer can effectively reduce soil there are significant difference (P < 0.05)
Earth NH4 +The concentration of-N, to reduce ammonia loss by volatilization.
In Fig. 5, all processing soil NO3 -N content all shows substantially first to be risen rapidly, rear to start slowly to increase, about
After the 20th day, gradually tend towards stability.Relative to other processing, pure C to fertilize handles soil NO3 -N content highest is
118.4mg/kg.Followed by B1 processing, soil NO3 -N content is 88.8mg/kg, handles soil NO than CK3 -N content increases
63.9%, CK handle soil NO3 -N content is 32.0mg/kg.The NO of B2 processing soil3 -N content is also above CK processing.Soil
NH4 +The reduction of N content is along with soil NO3 -The raising of N content can be obtained from variation tendency, and application biological organic fertilizer strengthens
Soil nitrification.
In Fig. 6, yield general trend of every basin romaine lettuce in different fertilization are as follows: B2 > C > B1 > CK.B2 processing
Yield is up to 225g/pot, increases production 50.5% and 12.3% respectively relative to CK and C processing,
Under being comprehensively considered according to ammonia volatilization amount and crop yield, B2 processing is most ideal, has both shortened the week of ammonia volatilization peak value
Phase reduces ammonia volatilization flux, while improving crop yield again.
The present invention efficiently uses nutriment culture bacillus amyloliquefaciens abundant in kitchen garbage, and soil ammonia can be made to wave
Hair rate reaches the time advance of peak value and shortens the ammonia volatilization period of soil, and then reduces soil ammonia volatilization amount, improves nitrogen
Plain utilization rate；PH during soil ammonia volatilization rate peak value can be reduced, there is certain corresponding passes with ammonia volatilization rate for soil pH
System, value is smaller, and ammonia volatilization rate is smaller；It can reinforce the nitrification during soil ammonia volatilization peak value, nitrification power
It is to influence one of ammonia volatilization key factor；Crop yield is also obviously improved while reducing soil ammonia volatilization amount.
Last: the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, all in the present invention
Spirit and principle within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method that changing food waste into resources is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, which is characterized in that concrete operation step
It is as follows:
S1, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic that prevention and control soil ammonia volatilization is prepared first with kitchen garbage and feces of livestock and poultry
Fertilizer specifically includes:
S1.1, kitchen garbage pretreatment: kitchen garbage is beaten with refiner, is diluted with water as solid content, then uses hydroxide
Sodium water solution or limewash adjust the pH to 6.8~7.7 of waste water, are boiled 10~35 minutes and are sterilized with microwave；
S1.2, liquid seeds preparation: the solution starch of slant preservation is inoculated with into the triangular flask equipped with the kitchen garbage pre-processed
Bacillus, shaken cultivation obtain liquid seeds；
S1.3, liquid state fermentation: the liquid that inoculation volume ratio is 2%~15% in equipped with the kitchen garbage fermentor pre-processed
Seed leads to filtrated air culture；Cultured fermentation liquid is through count plate；
S1.4, microbial inoculum preparation: using the biological carbon for crossing 30 meshes as carrier, fermentation liquid is added in biological carbon, is sufficiently mixed
Even, aeration-drying is to water content 25% hereinafter, obtaining solid-state microbial inoculum；
S1.5, biological organic fertilizer preparation: using feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw as raw material through harmless treatment, decomposed preparation
At organic materials, solid-state microbial inoculum is uniformly mixed with organic fertilizer, aeration-drying to water content 25% is stored in yin hereinafter, packaging
The dry place of airing, obtains bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer；
S2, bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer prepared by step S1 is applied in vegetable fields, is used for prevention and control vegetable cultivation
Field ammonia volatilization.
2. the method that a kind of changing food waste into resources according to claim 1 is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, special
Sign is: in the step S1.1, the concentration after kitchen garbage is diluted with water is 20 grams per liters~80 grams per liters.
3. the method that a kind of changing food waste into resources according to claim 1 is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, special
Sign is: in the step S1.2, after kitchen garbage is inoculated with bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in 25~37 DEG C, 120~200 revs/min are shaken
Swing culture 24~36 hours.
4. the method that a kind of changing food waste into resources according to claim 1 is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, special
Sign is: in the step S1.3, after liquid seeds inoculation, in 25~37 DEG C, leading to filtrated air culture 15~36 hours.
5. the method that a kind of changing food waste into resources according to claim 1 is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, special
Sign is: in the step S1.4, fermentation liquid: the weight ratio of biological carbon is 1: 1~1: 3.
6. the method that a kind of changing food waste into resources according to claim 1 is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, special
Sign is: in the step S1.5, the weight ratio of solid-state microbial inoculum and organic fertilizer is 1: 1~1: 5.
7. the method that a kind of changing food waste into resources according to claim 1 is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, special
Sign is: in the step S1.5, can also directly mix fermentation liquid according to 1: 2~1: 10 weight ratio with organic fertilizer
It is even, aeration-drying to 25% or less water content.
8. the method that a kind of changing food waste into resources according to claim 1 is used for the ammonia volatilization of prevention and control agricultural land soil, special
Sign is: in the step S2, the applying method of bacillus amyloliquefaciens biological organic fertilizer is to mix to apply, by bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Biological organic fertilizer is mixed with 0-20cm layers for examination soil.
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| CN111925256A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-13 | 辽宁中森生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer culture medium and bio-organic fertilizer culture medium |
| CN112462006A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 扬州鑫威环保生物科技有限公司 | Experiment method for culturing biological agent for kitchen waste treatment |
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Application publication date: 20191112 |