CN110419399B

CN110419399B - Method for producing original breeder seeds by utilizing large brussels mustard plants

Info

Publication number: CN110419399B
Application number: CN201910736848.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董泽君; 冷容
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-08-10
Filing date: 2019-08-10
Publication date: 2021-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-10
Also published as: CN110419399A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing original seeds by utilizing a large Baozi plant, which relates to the technical field of original seed production and breeding of brassica mustard vegetables in brassicaceae, solves the problems of character selection and seed rotting of the Baozi under the condition of large plant seed reservation, and greatly improves the yield of the production of the original seeds and the original seeds of the Baozi mustard, and the specific scheme comprises the following steps: s1: growing seedlings of the mustard in a seedbed; s2: cultivating and managing the mustard; s3: plant determination; s4: cutting a main stem; s5: smearing the remained main stem cut with bactericide; s6: cultivating and managing the main stems coated with the bactericide; s7: maturing seeds; the method for producing the original seeds by utilizing the large brussels mustard plants can prevent the problem that the large brussels mustard plants cannot normally seed; improves the production quality of seeds and reduces the production cost of the mustard.

Description

Method for producing original breeder seeds by utilizing large brussels mustard plants

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of production and breeding of original seeds of brassica mustard vegetables in cruciferae, in particular to a method for producing the original seeds by utilizing a large brazilla armeniaca plant.

Background

The Brassica juncea (Brassica juncea var. gemmifera Lee et Lin.) is a variety of Brassica juncea stem mustard vegetables in Brassica of brassicaceae, commonly known as baby cabbage and baby cabbage, and is characterized in that main stems and axillary buds of the Brassica juncea vegetable are enlarged, the Brassica juncea vegetable has unique faint scent, is sweet without bitter taste, is crisp in meat, less in muscle and residue, contains rich dietary fibers, can promote colonic peristalsis, is rich in trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and the like, and can induce diuresis and remove dampness after being absorbed by a human body; the outer leaves are dark green, the inner heart is pure white, and the vegetable is a special fresh food vegetable which is well loved by the old and the world. The cultivation is widely carried out in provinces and cities in the south of China, the annual planting area reaches about 100 ten thousand mu, and particularly the planting area of provinces and cities in Chongqing, Sichuan and the like is large.

For a long time, for the breeding of mustard vegetable seeds, theoretically, the original seeds and the original seed production must be reserved by large plants, namely: and on the basis of strictly performing variety morphological characteristics and typical character identification, performing mixed seed reservation on the selected individual plants. However, for the mustard tuber, because the main stem and the axillary buds of the mustard tuber are both expanded and fleshy, the mustard tuber is crisp and tender in texture and extremely high in water content, large plants are reserved, the seeds are difficult to be received due to difficult bolting of the plants and serious rotting of the plants, even if the seeds are received, the seeds are poor in quality and less than 10 percent in germination rate, and great obstacles are brought to large-area production, particularly to breeding production of fine varieties of seeds.

At present, the research and application of effective breeding technology of the original breed of the Arabidopsis thaliana big plant at home and abroad are not reported. In large-area production, the original seeds and the production seeds of the Arabidopsis thaliana are all planted in a delayed way to realize the reservation of the seeds of the medium plants or the small plants, and by adopting the mode, the produced original seeds and the original seeds of the Arabidopsis thaliana have improved seed yield to a certain extent, but the seeds have smaller plants, the morphological characteristics, particularly the character performance of the varieties are not sufficient, the impurities and the inferior are basically not eliminated, great potential safety hazards are brought to the next step of production seed reproduction production, and the improvement of the production seed yield, particularly the seed quality is also limited. The price of the original seed of the mustard seed raises to tens of thousands yuan/kg in the industry, and the price of the seed for production also raises to about 6000 yuan/kg in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for producing an original seed by utilizing a large plant of the Arabidopsis thaliana, which solves the problems of character selection and seed decay of the Arabidopsis thaliana under the condition of large plant seed reservation, greatly improves the yield of the original seed and the original seed production of the Arabidopsis thaliana, and is originated home and abroad.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for producing an original stock by utilizing a large Zuculaceae plant comprises the following steps:

s1: growing seedlings of the mustard in a seedbed;

s2: cultivating and managing the mustard;

s3: plant determination: selecting the brassica rapa pekinensis with good morphological characteristics and typical characters;

s4: cutting a main stem: obliquely cutting the main stem of the selected Arabidopsis thaliana, and reserving 1-4 healthy lateral buds and functional leaves capable of performing photosynthesis below the cut of the main stem, wherein the section of the cut requires that the medulla part does not start to be dissolved, and no water is accumulated on the section of the cut;

s5: smearing the remained main stem cut with bactericide;

s6: cultivating and managing the main stems coated with the bactericide;

s7: and (5) maturing the seeds.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, the mustard seed of armful grows seedlings through the seedbed, then the alternative transplantation of growing seedlings, then cultivates the management to the mustard seed of armful, and the management mode is the same with general mustard seed of armful grow seedlings, and the dead plant of growing period can not be replanted, waits to embrace after mustard morphological feature and typicality fully show, decides the trunk: selecting the mustard tuber with good morphological characteristics and typical characters to carry out cutting treatment; in the cutting treatment process, selecting 1 to 4 healthy lateral buds from the lower part, preferably keeping 2 to 4 young buds, not only keeping 1 or more than 5 young buds, cutting the main stem, simultaneously requiring the medulla part of the cut section not to be dissolved, hollowing the cut section without accumulated water, if the requirements of the medulla part of the cut section not to be dissolved and hollowing the cut section without accumulated water cannot be met, continuing to cut downwards, reducing the remaining quantity of the healthy lateral buds, if the whole plant is not met, abandoning the plant, and preferably ensuring the height of the cut to be healthy and the medulla part without hollowing; after cutting, smearing the reserved main stem cut with a bactericide, and filling the cut with the bactericide if the main stem cut is slightly hollow, so as to ensure that water cannot accumulate in the cut surface; and (4) after the bactericide is coated, cultivating and managing the mustard. In the process, the residual functional leaves on the main stem are kept free from diseases and insect pests as far as possible, and the functional leaves can improve the original seed yield.

According to the technical scheme, the large-scale Siberian mustard plant can be used for original stock breeding, so that the problems that although variety characteristic characteristics can be selected in large-scale Siberian mustard plant cultivation in a seed long-term breeding project, the plant is seriously rotted in the later stage and cannot normally seed are solved; meanwhile, the problems that the seed selection cannot be carried out due to insufficient performance of variety characteristic characteristics and the quality of the produced seeds is poor, and great potential safety hazards are brought to the propagation production of large-area production seeds in the cultivation of small seeds are solved. The technical scheme can effectively reduce the production cost of the mustard for baby, and more people benefit from the mustard.

As a preferred scheme, the cultivation site of the mustard tuber is selected as follows: sandy loam with high and dry terrain, leeward and sunny, good drainage and water source guarantee; the cultivation of original seeds for producing the sonchifolia can be realized in different places, the sandy loam provided by the optimal scheme can realize better water management, and meanwhile, the overall scheme can achieve optimal yield compared with other places in the same time period.

Preferably, the time in the S1 process is selected to be between 8 months and 20 days of the solar calendar and 9 months and 5 days of the solar calendar; the time period is suitable for seedling raising and seeding, and simultaneously facilitates the selection of the Arabidopsis plants at a suitable time according to the growth cycle of the Arabidopsis, and then the main stem cutting treatment is carried out.

As a preferred scheme, the time in the S4 process is selected to be before spring; the main stem can be cut after the mustard plants are selected, the main stem is selected according to the growth condition of the mustard plants, preferably before the spring of the lunar calendar, the main stem is generally not later than the rain season, and if the main stem is later than the rain season, corresponding rain sheltering measures are required.

As a preferred solution, the cutting direction is 5 ° to 40 ° to the ground; the cut surface left is a smooth inclined surface without water accumulation, and if the cut surface is not smooth, the cut surface can be smoothed by a blade, so that the children buds are not injured in the operation process.

As a preferred option, the cutting tool uses a common woodworking blade or blade holder; the woodworking blade has sharp characteristic, is convenient for cut off smooth tangent plane, and the woodworking blade has very little volume simultaneously, is difficult for causing the damage to other positions.

As a preferred scheme, in the S5 process, the bactericide is carbendazim wettable powder with more than 40 percent of effective components; the bactericide has good bactericidal effect and better wound healing effect.

As a preferred scheme, in the S6 process, a ternary compound fertilizer is used; spraying boron fertilizer in the flowering period, removing redundant inflorescences, and spraying a bactericide; the three-element compound fertilizer is used, so that the cut babesia plants grow better; removing excessive inflorescence on the top of the plant, ensuring the nutrition to be supplied to the seeds in a centralized way, leading the seeds to grow better, and spraying the bactericide for many times in the S6 process.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the method for producing the original breeder seeds by utilizing the large Dolomis sonchifolia plants can ensure the identification and selection of variety characteristics and properties, and can also ensure that the Dolomis sonchifolia plants normally bud, flower and bear seeds;

(2) compared with the method for producing the original seeds by using small plants or medium plants, the method for producing the original seeds by using the large Dolomis sonchifolia plants can produce the original seeds with better variety characteristics, improves the production quality of seeds, and reduces the production cost of the Dolomis sonchifolia;

(3) the method for producing the original breeder seeds by utilizing the large Zucea mollissima plants provided by the invention provides more specific time nodes at each stage, and the cultivation effect is better;

(4) the method for producing the original strain by utilizing the large brussels mustard plants uses the corresponding bactericide and compound fertilizer, so that the cultivation effect is better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing elite seeds by using a Arabidopsis thaliana large plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

(1) Selecting land and planting: in Chongqing industry and trade professional technology colleges, sandy loam with high and dry terrain, leeward, sunny exposure and good water drainage and water source guarantee is selected to be sown in the solar calendar in 1 month 9, and due to hot weather, the sandy loam is sprayed 15-20 times a day to ensure the soil and seeds to be moist and ensure the seeds to germinate. Transplanting after 3 leaves and 1 heart appear in 10-8 days, performing cultivation management in the same field, selecting stationary plants of Laurencia latifolia after target characters are completely displayed in 2-6 days of the next year, and immediately cutting main stems.

(2) Cutting a main stem:

time: 2 month and 6 days

Tool: blade and knife rest for common carpenter.

Medicament: a commercial 40% carbendazim wettable powder.

The method comprises the following steps: 2 months and 6 days, sunny days and morning, 2-4 healthy axillary buds close to the ground (the axillary buds higher than the ground possibly have hollow main stems) are selected, functional leaves below the axillary buds are reserved as far as possible, a woodworking blade is used for carefully cutting off the main stems at an angle of 20 degrees with the ground along a certain direction, a smooth inclined plane without water accumulation is reserved, and the cut surface is not smooth and is smoothed by the blade. Immediately smearing the whole cut surface with carbendazim powder, filling the main stem with carbendazim powder, and ensuring no water accumulation in the cut surface.

(3) And (3) reserving seeds after cutting for plant management:

and (3) after cutting, dry-applying a ternary compound fertilizer for 1 time, and dry-applying a proper amount of ternary compound fertilizer for three times in 3 months, 5 days, 4 months, 2 days and 4 months, 28 days to ensure the healthy growth of plants. Immediately beating omethoate every time aphids are seen as pests, ensuring that functional leaves reserved on plants are free from plant diseases and insect pests as much as possible, ensuring that incisions are dry as much as possible, and watering in time to prevent drought in the morning on a sunny day of 4-5 months after the pesticide exists on the incision surfaces. Spraying boron fertilizer with the concentration of 1% in the flowering period, pinching inflorescences (mainly used for observation), ensuring that the seeds are supplied with nutrition in a centralized manner to be mature, spraying the bactericide for multiple times, prolonging the service life of leaves and ensuring that the seeds are mature and full. The single plant is tested, the highest yield (2 buds) is 10.67g, and the requirements of scientific research and production of original seeds can be completely met.

Claims

1. A method for producing an original stock by utilizing a large Zucea mollissima strain is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1: growing seedlings of the mustard in a seedbed;

s2: cultivating and managing the mustard;

s5: smearing the remained main stem cut with bactericide;

s6: cultivating and managing the main stems coated with the bactericide;

s7: and (5) maturing the seeds.

2. The method for producing elite seeds according to claim 1, wherein the Arabidopsis thaliana breeding sites are selected according to the following requirements: the sandy loam soil has high and dry terrain, lees and faces the sun, good drainage and water source guarantee.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the S1 procedure is performed at a time selected from the range of 8 months to 5 months in the solar calendar.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the time during S4 is selected to be before early spring.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the cutting direction is from 5 ° to 40 ° from the ground.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the cutting tool uses a conventional woodworking blade or blade carrier.

7. The method for producing elite seeds by utilizing the Arabidopsis thaliana big plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the S5 process, carbendazim wettable powder with more than 40% of effective components is selected as the bactericide.

8. The method for producing elite seeds by utilizing the Arabidopsis thaliana plant according to claim 2, wherein a ternary compound fertilizer is used in the S6 process; spraying boric fertilizer in the flowering period, removing redundant inflorescences, and spraying a bactericide.