CN110301382B - Method for cultivating young solen crassipes - Google Patents
Method for cultivating young solen crassipes Download PDFInfo
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- CN110301382B CN110301382B CN201910745212.5A CN201910745212A CN110301382B CN 110301382 B CN110301382 B CN 110301382B CN 201910745212 A CN201910745212 A CN 201910745212A CN 110301382 B CN110301382 B CN 110301382B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000383403 Solen Species 0.000 title claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241001492664 Solenopsis <angiosperm> Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000736128 Solenopsis invicta Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000382840 Hyriopsis cumingii Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001465677 Ancylostomatoidea Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000257162 Lucilia <blowfly> Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000628923 Anadara sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193879 Corbicula fluminea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000382824 Hyriopsis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000382853 Solenaia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000217379 Unionidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating young solenopsis invicta, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The method comprises the steps of cultivating young mussels of 1-7 days old in still water, cultivating young mussels of 7-40 days old in a mixed mode of the still water and running water, cultivating young mussels of 40 days old in the running water until emergence of seedlings, cultivating young mussels of 60-75 days old, and counting survival rate and shell length of the young mussels. The method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost and capable of being used in a high-density young clam artificial breeding mode, the juvenile clam breeding survival rate and the growth rate of the solenopsis radiata can be remarkably improved, and powerful technical support is provided for artificial breeding protection, development and utilization of rare clams, namely the solenopsis radiata in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for cultivating young solenopsis invicta, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
Razor clam (C. oliv.) (Solenaia oleivira) Belongs to the class of lamellibranchia, order of Hyriopsis and family of Unionidae, commonly known as corbicula fluminea, Arca subcrenata, etc., is a special species in China and mainly inhabits certain amount of the diseaseIn rivers or lakes with flow velocity, strong feet are submerged into hard sediment for living in caves, and the water filter mainly filters algae, bacteria, organic debris and the like in water, thereby having very important functions on self-purification of natural water and material energy circulation. The razor clam shells are thin and crisp, the clam meat is fresh and tender, the taste is delicious, the nutrition is rich, the razor clam shells are famous river food in Anhui Fuyang, Hubei Tianmen and the like, the razor clam shells are vegetarian with the reputation of Huaihe abalone, and the economic value is high. As the nutritive value and the medicinal value are higher, and the natural fishing is completely relied on, the market supply is short, and particularly before and after the Ming festival, the catering market price of the razor clam can reach 200 yuan per kilogram and 250 yuan per kilogram.
From the view of the existing resource investigation, the solen shells are naturally distributed in five fresh water lakes, partial branches of Yangtze river, partial river reach of Huaihe river and rivers with better water quality. However, due to the influence of factors such as the damage of the inhabitation environment, the water pollution, the artificial cool fishing and the like, the water is only scattered in the parts of the Tianmen river tomb section, the Jingmen reservoir, the Huaihe Fuyang section and the Poyang lake in Hubei. In view of the endangered condition and the important economic value of the razor clam in China, a natural protection area of the razor clam is established in Tianmen city of Hubei in 2003; in 2016, the national-grade aquatic germplasm resource protection area of razor clam, which is obtained by approval of Anhui Fuyang. In the early 80 s of the twentieth century, the solenopsis clam was distributed in Taihu lake, Hongze lake and the like in Jiangsu, but living bodies of the solenopsis clam are not found in nearly 30 years, and general investigation of Jiangsu province aquatic wild animals started in 2017 also confirms that the solenopsis clam in Jiangsu province is in functional extinction, and artificial breeding protection of the solenopsis clam is strengthened.
The razor clam belongs to a unique rare clam in China, has a typical life history of the clam, and can be bred into young clam by being temporarily parasitized on a suitable host fish after mature hookworm larvae are discharged, so that the breeding process is completed. The parasitic selectivity of the razor clam hookworm larvae on the host fish is high, and the number of the host fish is reduced due to water pollution, so that the difficulty of propagation under natural conditions is obviously increased. At present, only the research center of freshwater fishery of Chinese academy of aquatic science is based on a novel Leptodermia gigantea larva in-vitro culture technology, and the key technology of artificial propagation of the solenopsis albolantea is successfully broken through in China, but the vitality of the solenopsis albolantea is very weak in the young clam stage, particularly the death rate of the young clam with the shell length less than 1cm is the key stage directly influencing the artificial propagation success rate. The key influence factors for early cultivation of the young hyriopsis cumingii are screened out, an artificial cultivation mode and technology suitable for the young hyriopsis cumingii are established, and powerful technical support can be provided for artificial breeding protection and development of the hyriopsis cumingii in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides the method for cultivating the young hyriopsis cumingii, which is simple and convenient to operate and low in cost and can be used for high-density artificial young hyriopsis cumingii cultivation.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the young hyriopsis cumingii is cultivated by using still water for 1-7 days old, mixed cultivation is carried out by using still water and running water for 7-40 days old, running water is used for cultivating until seedling emergence is reached, cultivation is carried out until 60-75 days old, and the survival rate and the shell length of the young hyriopsis cumingii are counted.
Further, the still water cultivation step is: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 2-3min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after discharging the water, opening running water for half an hour after all the cultivation boxes are operated, wherein the flow velocity of each cultivation box is 1-2L/min, opening the oxygen increasing after the water stops, adding the pseudo-microsphere algae into each cultivation box, and ensuring that the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body is about 5 multiplied by 104-1×105Per mL, according to 200mL/m2And splashing muddy water once every day.
Further, the step of mixing and cultivating the still water and the running water comprises the following steps: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 1-2min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after the water is completely discharged, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, opening the running water to fully fill the water in the cultivation boxes, and closing the running water; adding pseudo-microsphere algae into each culture tank to make the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body about 1 × 105-1×106Per mL, according to 350mL/m2Splashing muddy water, opening the running water after 3-4 hours, and enabling the flow velocity of each culture box3-4L/min, and performing running water culture.
Further, the flowing water cultivation steps are as follows: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 0.5-1min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after discharging the water, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, and increasing the oxygen according to the condition of 300g/m2Spreading fine soil, then opening running water, and carrying out running water culture with the flow rate of water flow of each culture box being 6-8L/min.
Further, the young mussel culture density is 4.0-5.3 ten thousand/m2。
Furthermore, an overflow hole is formed in one side of the cultivation box, and the overflow hole is located above the cultivation box.
Further, the muddy water is a mixture of dry mud and water; wherein 5L of water is used for every 100-200g of dry mud; wherein the dry mud is crushed and then passes through a 10-mesh screen, is mixed with water in proportion and then passes through a 200-mesh screen bag for standby.
Further, the fine soil is dry mud; and (4) breaking the dry mud, and then sieving the dry mud by using a 10-mesh sieve for later use.
Furthermore, the running water source is the water of the fish culture pond which passes through a 20-mesh screen and then passes through a 200-mesh screen.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost and capable of being used in a high-density young clam artificial breeding mode, the juvenile clam breeding survival rate and the growth rate of the solenopsis radiata can be remarkably improved, and powerful technical support is provided for artificial breeding protection, development and utilization of rare clams, namely the solenopsis radiata in China.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
Culturing a batch of young Lucilia olivaceus in 18 months in 2019, wherein the size of the culturing box is 45 cm multiplied by 32 cm multiplied by 16 cm, and the culturing density is 4.2 ten thousand/m2；
(1) Culturing juvenile mussels in still water at the age of 1-7 days: turning off the oxygen supply suspended above the cultivation box, turning over the pond, standing for 2-3min, turning the elbow of the cultivation box downward, and discharging the cultivation boxThe water in the breeding boxes is about 1/5, the elbow is turned upwards after the water is discharged, after all the breeding boxes are operated, the running water is opened for half an hour, the flow velocity of the water in each breeding box is 2L/min, the oxygen is increased after the water stops, and the pseudo-microsphere algae is added into each breeding box to ensure that the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body is about 5 multiplied by 104Per mL, according to 200mL/m2Splashing muddy water, and operating once a day;
(2) mixing and culturing still water and running water from 7 days old to 40 days old: closing the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 1-2min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after the water is completely discharged, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, opening the running water to fill the water in the cultivation boxes, and closing the running water. Adding pseudo-microsphere algae into each culture tank to make the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body about 1 × 105Per mL, according to 350mL/m2Splashing muddy water, opening running water after 3-4 hours, and carrying out running water culture with the flow velocity of water in each culture box being 4L/min;
(3) culturing in flowing water from 40 days old to seedling emergence: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 0.5-1min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after discharging the water, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, and increasing the oxygen according to the condition of 300g/m2Spreading fine soil, then opening running water, and carrying out running water culture with the flow rate of water flow of each culture box being 6L/min;
(4) counting: when the young mussels are cultured to 75 days old, the survival rate of the young mussels is counted to be 86.3 percent, and the young mussel shells grow to be 0.8-1.4 cm.
Example 2
Culturing a batch of young hyriopsis cumingii in 5 months and 3 days in 2019, wherein the size of a culture box is 45 cm multiplied by 32 cm multiplied by 16 cm, and the culture density is 5.3 ten thousand/m2；
(1) Culturing juvenile mussels in still water at the age of 1-7 days: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 2-3min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after discharging the water, opening the running water for half an hour after all the cultivation boxes are operated, wherein the flow rate of the water in each cultivation box is 2L/min, and the water stopsThen opening the water tank to increase oxygen, adding pseudo-microsphere algae into each culture tank to make the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body about 1 × 105Per mL, according to 200mL/m2Splashing muddy water, and operating once a day;
(2) mixing and culturing still water and running water from 7 days old to 40 days old: closing the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 1-2min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after the water is completely discharged, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, opening the running water to fill the water in the cultivation boxes, and closing the running water. Adding pseudo-microsphere algae into each culture tank to make the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body about 5 multiplied by 105Per mL, according to 350mL/m2Splashing muddy water, opening running water after 3-4 hours, and carrying out running water culture with the flow velocity of water in each culture box being 4L/min;
(3) culturing in flowing water from 40 days old to seedling emergence: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 0.5-1min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after discharging the water, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, and increasing the oxygen according to the condition of 300g/m2Spreading fine soil, then opening running water, and carrying out running water culture with the flow rate of water flow of each culture box being 6L/min;
(4) counting: after the young mussels are cultured for 70 days, the survival rate of the young mussels is counted to be 85.2%, and the young mussel shells grow to be 0.8-1.3 cm.
Example 3
Culturing young Lucilia olivaceus in 2019, 5 months and 25 days, wherein the size of the culturing box is 45 cm multiplied by 32 cm multiplied by 16 cm, and the culturing density is 4.6 ten thousand/m2；
(1) Culturing juvenile mussels in still water at the age of 1-7 days: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 2-3min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after the water is completely discharged, opening running water for half an hour after all the cultivation boxes are operated, wherein the flow velocity of each cultivation box is 2L/min, opening the oxygen increasing after the water stops, adding the pseudo-microsphere algae into each cultivation box, and enabling the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body to be about 1 x 105Per mL, according to 200mL/m2The muddy water is splashed,the operation is carried out once a day;
(2) mixing and culturing still water and running water from 7 days old to 40 days old: closing the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 1-2min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after the water is completely discharged, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, opening the running water to fill the water in the cultivation boxes, and closing the running water. Adding pseudo-microsphere algae into each culture tank to make the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body about 5 multiplied by 105Per mL, according to 350mL/m2Splashing muddy water, opening running water after 3-4 hours, and carrying out running water culture with the flow velocity of water in each culture box being 4L/min;
(3) culturing in flowing water from 40 days old to seedling emergence: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 0.5-1min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging about 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after discharging the water, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, and increasing the oxygen according to the condition of 300g/m2Spreading fine soil, then opening running water, and carrying out running water culture with the flow rate of water flow of each culture box being 6L/min;
(4) after the young mussels are cultured for 70 days, the survival rate of the young mussels is counted to be 86.2%, and the young mussel shells grow to be 0.8-1.3 cm.
Claims (6)
1. A method for cultivating young solen crassipes is characterized in that: culturing young mussels of 1-7 days old in still water, culturing in still water and running water in a mixed manner from 7 days old to 40 days old, culturing in running water from 40 days old to seedling emergence, culturing to 60-75 days old, and counting the survival rate and shell length of the young mussels;
the steps of the still water cultivation are as follows: when water is changed, the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes is closed, the pond is turned over and then stands for 2-3min, then the elbow of the cultivation boxes is turned downwards, 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes is discharged, the elbow is turned upwards after the water is discharged, after all the cultivation boxes are operated, the running water is opened for half an hour, the flow rate of each cultivation box is 1-2L/min, the oxygen increasing is opened after the water stops, and the pseudo-microsphere algae is added into each cultivation box, so that the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body is 5 multiplied by 104-1×105Per mL, according to 200mL/m2Splashing muddy water, and operating once a day; othersCulturing in still water;
the method comprises the following steps of mixing and cultivating static water and running water: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 1-2min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after the water is completely discharged, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, opening the running water to fully fill the water in the cultivation boxes, and closing the running water; adding pseudo-microsphere algae into each culture tank to make the density of the pseudo-microsphere algae in the water body be 1 × 105-1×106Per mL, according to 350mL/m2Splashing muddy water, opening running water after 3-4 hours, and carrying out running water culture with the flow velocity of the water in each culture box being 3-4L/min;
the method comprises the following steps of: turning off the oxygen increasing suspended above the cultivation boxes, turning over the pond, standing for 0.5-1min after turning over the pond, then turning the elbow of the cultivation boxes downwards, discharging 1/5 water in the cultivation boxes, turning the elbow upwards after discharging the water, opening the oxygen increasing after all the cultivation boxes are operated, and increasing the oxygen according to the condition of 300g/m2Spreading fine soil, then opening running water, and carrying out running water culture with the flow rate of water flow of each culture box being 6-8L/min.
2. The method for cultivating young solen shells as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the young mussel culture density is 4.0-5.3 ten thousand per m2。
3. The method for cultivating young solen shells as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the overflow hole is arranged on one side of the cultivation box and is positioned above the cultivation box.
4. The method for cultivating young solen shells as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the muddy water is a mixture of dry mud and water; wherein 5L of water is used for every 100-200g of dry mud; wherein the dry mud is crushed and then passes through a 10-mesh screen, is mixed with water in proportion and then passes through a 200-mesh screen bag for standby.
5. The method for cultivating young solen shells as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fine soil is dry soil; and (4) breaking the dry mud, and then sieving the dry mud by using a 10-mesh sieve for later use.
6. The method for cultivating young solen shells as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flowing water source is the water of the fish culture pond which passes through a 20-mesh screen and then passes through a 200-mesh screen.
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| CN111328745A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-06-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Device and method for cultivating larvae of litchis |
| CN112616734A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-09 | 安徽水韵环保股份有限公司 | Artificial breeding method of calotte pearl mussel |
| CN112616735A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 安徽水韵环保股份有限公司 | Artificial breeding technology of cave limussels |
| CN112690234A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-04-23 | 安徽水韵环保股份有限公司 | Artificial breeding method of young solenopsis amabilis based on host fish |
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