CN106359208B - A kind of semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture method of standing grain worm - Google Patents
A kind of semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture method of standing grain worm Download PDFInfo
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- CN106359208B CN106359208B CN201610785482.5A CN201610785482A CN106359208B CN 106359208 B CN106359208 B CN 106359208B CN 201610785482 A CN201610785482 A CN 201610785482A CN 106359208 B CN106359208 B CN 106359208B
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223252 Rhodotorula Species 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 42
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000243801 Tylorrhynchus Species 0.000 description 2
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- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000243820 Polychaeta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture method of standing grain worm, pass through Selection parent, artificial insemination, artificial incubation, nursery pond prepares, the step of artificial breeding and intensive culture, prepared by the Rearing shore of standing grain worm, water body is adjusted, seedling desalination, it marks thick region and puts Miao Midu, marking the thick phase feeds, mark thick phase water quality management, the step of cultivating period management and cultivation harvest, in a manner of desalinating stage by stage and feed etc., standing grain worm is helped to spend the setiger juvenile phase, to realize the semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture of standing grain worm, it effectively improves the weed survival rate of standing grain worm and improves standing grain worm mudflat aquaculture benefit.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the artificial breeding of special aquatic products product and cultural method, especially a kind of semi-artificial nursery beach of standing grain worm
Cultural method.
[background technique]
Standing grain worm, scientific name Tylorrhynchus heter Ochatetus (Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus), belongs to no vertebra in genealogical classification
Animal Annelida, polychaeta, Errantia, Nereidae, Tylorrhynchus heter Ochatetus category.Standing grain Eimeria is in Hekou District kind, with traditional sea
Pool clam worm kind is different, and the standing grain worm young can grow in fresh water.Since a period of time of standing grain worm life cycle moves in water
In rice field, worm is using the seedlings of cereal crops as food thus for people's misidentification, therefore named standing grain worm.
Standing grain worm is otherwise known as " cordyceps sinensis " in water, in the Delta of the Pearl River one to delicacies in disk is considered, has tonifying spleen
Stomach, replenishing qi and blood, inducing diuresis for removing edema medicinal efficacy.It is write in supplementary Amplifications of the Compendium of Materia Medica: " standing grain worm, Fujian, wide, Zhejiang have it along beach more,
Shaped like earthworm, people from Fujian is to steam egg food, or makees cream food, and pay visitor is nice food, the good efficacy to suffering from a deficiency of the kidney of cloud food ".
Pearl River Delta Region of Guangdong always abounds with standing grain worm, in last century five, the sixties, can once catch hundreds of jin
Standing grain worm.In recent years because aquatic environment quality is deteriorated, cultivation pollution by pesticides, manually a large amount of dig is caught, standing grain worm ecological environment is by broken
It is bad, the decline of Natural Population resource.According to statistics, Pearl River Delta basin be suitable for carry out the artificial mudflat aquaculture of standing grain worm region it is wider, contain
Lid Zhuhai, middle mountain, Guangzhou, Jiangmen most area.The ground such as Zhuhai sluice gate, middle mountain mind gulf have started manually to enclose pool extensive cultivation, only have
There is certain yield, until 2015, most of standing grain worm beach per mu yield only 10~50 jin/year.Currently, Zhuhai City Doumen District estuarine fishery is ground
Study carefully successfully develop the artificial breeding technology of standing grain worm a kind of, obtain the success of artificial breeding seedling.On this basis,
It is badly in need of a kind of skill for improving standing grain worm kind shoot survival percent by semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture and improving standing grain worm mudflat aquaculture yield
Art scheme.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention, which provides a kind of raising standing grain worm kind shoot survival percent and improves the standing grain worm of standing grain worm mudflat aquaculture yield, semi-artificial to be educated
Seedling mudflat aquaculture method.
To reach above-mentioned improving eyesight, the technical solution adopted is as follows:
A kind of semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture method of standing grain worm, comprising the following steps:
1), Rearing shore prepares:
Select area for 5000m2~20000m2Rearing shore, and to Rearing shore carry out bottom it is smooth, Rearing shore
It can be naturally into draining；
Rearing shore is cleaned up the pond after cleaning disinfection, by 1: 99 area ratio, is partitioned into greatly with the mode that colour bar cloth buries net
Small 2 sections, colour bar cloth lower section embedment beach bottom 40cm are deep；Zonule, that is, entire beach 1/100 Qu Weihe worm of full pool surface product
Seedling artificial breeding and the thick region of mark, big region i.e. 99/100 are standing grain worm adult culturing area；
Thick region is being marked, is being equipped with air blower, installation gas stone inflation, gas stone aeration quantity is 0.5m to gas stone at most2One
0.5m2Place a gas stone, aeration quantity, which is subject to the water surface, can see microwave；Shading net and plastic foil need to be built by marking thick region, be hidden
Yin is taken shelter from rain, and prevents burning sun to be exposed to the sun excessive with rainfall；
2), water body is adjusted:
First 15 days or so injection fresh water is launched in seed, 200 mesh, 100 are arranged in the depth of water 20~30cm, Ying Jin discharge outlet
Mesh, 60 mesh three-layer network pieces enter beach to prevent the harmful organisms such as shell-fish, wild fishes；With bleaching powder 30g/m3The complete entire beach in pond
Painting is splashed disinfection, and pharmacological property is eliminated after 6~7 days, applies 200~300g/m of organic fertilizer through everfermentation2；
After water quality reaching standard, the colour bar cloth for marking thick region purse seine is drawn high, keeps area inside and outside in isolation, and use seawater
Or sea salt will mark thick pool area salinity water and be adjusted to 2 ‰~10 ‰；
3), seedling desalination:
The standing grain worm 3 cardinal guides section nectochaeta larva later period is selected, in seedling field by seedling water according to the thick region water body salt of Rearing shore mark
It maintains normal supply during the slack season and turns to 2 ‰~10 ‰, desalinate amplitude control day 2 ‰~5 ‰；
4) it, marks thick region and puts Miao Midu:
The standing grain worm 3 cardinal guides section nectochaeta larva through desalinating is put in a suitable place to breed in the thick region of mark of beach, breeding density is 5,000,000/m2；
5), the mark thick phase feeds:
After putting seedling, initial stage feeds ocean rhodotorula, spirulina powder and photosynthetic bacteria, is thrown twice daily in morning and evening
Hello, i.e., daily morning 9:00 and 5:00 in afternoon are fed respectively；
Each every kind of bait feeding 2g/m2, bait, which needs to wash material bag by 400 mesh, before feeding washes filtering by rubbing with the hands；
After standing grain worm paedomorphosis to 5 guiding principle section nectocaete, it need to be added in bait and wash material bag through 300 mesh and wash filtering by rubbing with the hands
Fish meal, feeding volume, which is subject in the standing grain worm young 5 hours, to be eaten up；
6) thick phase water quality management, is marked:
After standing grain worm paedomorphosis to 5 guiding principle section nectocaete, start to change water desalination；The water of culturing area is pumped into the area Biao Cu
In domain, day salt reduction degree is no more than 2 ‰, when the thick region of mark is identical with culturing area salinity, removes the thick region colour bar cloth of mark, allows
Standing grain worm seedling swims naturally to entire beach and carries out adult cultivation；
7) period management, is cultivated:
Depth of water early period keeps 10~30cm, in favor of the growth and breeding of Micro Algae, after larva grows to 60 rigid sections, water
Increase to 30~50cm deeply；Water is drained within every 15 days, reveals dry bottom of pond 1~2 day, promotes bottom of pond bait decomposition and benthic algae breeding
Growth；It carries out changing water according to the girth of a garment of water and water colour variation, the fresh free of contamination river water of water conservancy is changed, through 40~60 mesh sieve tulles
Filtering, that is, bring a large amount of unicellular algas and organic debris, provide food for standing grain worm, and be avoided that trash fish enters beach；Bait
It feeds and adheres to a small amount of more meal, take the circumstances into consideration to increase and decrease according to bottom of pond residual bait amount, daily bait throwing in 3 times；In breeding process, water body dissolved oxygen should be kept
In 4mg/L or more；
8), cultivation harvest:
Standing grain worm has group to float habit in mating period, using drainage collection, places the filtering of 100 mesh sieve tulles in discharge outlet and receives
Collection, nets long 10~15m, and network interface will cover discharge outlet and prevent from escaping.
Further, the step 2) water body adjust the step of in, further includes: after 6~7 days pharmacological property eliminate, apply by
200~300g/m of organic fertilizer of fermentation2Afterwards, if water transparency is greater than 40cm after 2~3 days, need to take the circumstances into consideration to apply 2~4g/ of urea
m3, 4~8g/m of compound fertilizer3, to cultivate underlying biological bait.
Advantages of the present invention:
The present invention concentrates cultivation by the thick region of segmentation bid, convenient for management, by the modes such as desalinating and feeding stage by stage,
Help standing grain worm to spend the setiger juvenile phase, to realize the semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture of standing grain worm, improve standing grain worm weed survival rate and
Mudflat aquaculture benefit makes up into water and receives the problem of natural seedling deficiency in seedling cultivation standing grain worm beach.
[specific embodiment]
The contents of the present invention are further described below by specific example.
(1), Rearing shore prepares:
Selecting area at one in Zhuhai City, the town Lian Zhou, the Doumen District village Fen Zhou is 12000m2Discarded pool bottom, it is flattened, reach
It can be naturally into the condition of draining；Rearing shore, one jiao of beach east side, buries net with colour bar cloth and crosses 120m after cleaning disinfection2
The thick region of mark, it is deep that colour bar cloth is embedded to pond bottom 40cm；Thick region is being marked, air blower, installation gas stone inflation are equipped with, gas stone fills
Tolerance is 0.5m2Place a gas stone, aeration quantity, which is subject to the water surface, can see microwave；Shading net and plastics need to be built by marking thick region
Film.
(2), water body is adjusted:
First 15 days injection fresh water is launched in seed, 200 mesh, 100 mesh, 60 mesh three-layer network pieces are being set into discharge outlet；Water level
After reaching 30cm, with bleaching powder 30g/m3Entire beach is splashed disinfection；Entire beach is splashed the organic fertilizer through everfermentation after 6 days
200g/m3, splash after 2 days and apply urea 4g/m3With compound fertilizer 8g/m3, cultivate underlying biological bait；The thick region of mark is drawn high later to enclose
The colour bar cloth of net keeps area inside and outside in isolation, and the area Biao Cu water salinity is adjusted to 5 ‰ with sea salt.
(3), seedling desalination:
The standing grain worm 3 cardinal guides section nectochaeta larva later period is selected, in seedling field by seedling water according to the thick region water body salt of cultivating pool mark
It maintains normal supply during the slack season and turns to 5 ‰, desalinate amplitude control day 2 ‰.
(4), it marks thick region and puts Miao Midu:
Put mark thick region of the standing grain worm 3 cardinal guides section nectochaeta larva in pond through desalinating in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is 5,000,000/m2。
(5), the mark thick phase feeds:
After putting seedling, start to feed ocean rhodotorula, spirulina powder and photosynthetic bacteria, it is twice daily in morning and evening, i.e., daily
Morning 9:00 and 5:00 in afternoon are fed respectively, each every kind of bait feeding 2g/m2；Bait need to wash material through 400 mesh before feeding
Bag washes filtering by rubbing with the hands；After 25 days, when standing grain worm larvae development to 5 guiding principle section nectocaete phases, in bait, addition washes material by 300 mesh
Bag washes the fish meal of filtering by rubbing with the hands, and feeding volume, which is subject in the standing grain worm young 5 hours, to be eaten up.
(6), it marks thick phase water quality management: being cultivated by 25d, after standing grain worm paedomorphosis to 5 guiding principle section nectochaeta larva, start to change
Water desalination；The water of culturing area is pumped into and marks thick region, day salt reduction degree is no more than the area 2 ‰, 5d Hou Biaocu and culture zone salinity phase
Meanwhile the thick region colour bar cloth of mark is removed, it allows standing grain worm seedling swum naturally to entire beach and carries out adult cultivation.
(7), period management is cultivated:
Depth of water early period keeps 20~30cm, in favor of the growth and breeding of Micro Algae, after larval growth to 60 just section, water
30~50cm is increased to deeply；Water is drained within every 15 days, is revealed dry bottom of pond 2 days, bottom of pond bait decomposition and benthic algae breeding life are promoted
It is long；It carries out changing water according to the girth of a garment of water and water colour variation, changing water can be using fresh free of contamination river water, through 60 mesh sieve tulles mistakes
Filter；Bait feeding adheres to a small amount of more meal, and daily bait throwing in 3 times is taken the circumstances into consideration to increase and decrease feeding volume according to bottom of pond residual bait amount；It is used in breeding process
Bottom oxygenation keeps water body dissolved oxygen in 4mg/L or more.
(7), cultivation harvest:
Standing grain worm mating period occur group it is floating when, be collected by filtration in 100 mesh sieve tulles that discharge outlet places 10m long.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture method of standing grain worm, characterized in that the following steps are included:
1), Rearing shore prepares:
Select area for 5000m2~20000m2Rearing shore, and to Rearing shore carry out bottom it is smooth, Rearing shore can
Naturally into draining；
Rearing shore, by 1: 99 area ratio, is partitioned into 2 areas of size with the mode that colour bar cloth buries net after cleaning disinfection
Between, embedment beach bottom 40cm is deep below colour bar cloth；1/100 Qu Weihe worm seedling artificial breeding of zonule, that is, entire beach area
With the thick region of mark, big region i.e. 99/100 is standing grain worm adult culturing area；
Thick region is being marked, is being equipped with air blower, installation gas stone inflation, gas stone aeration quantity is 0.5m2Place a gas stone, aeration quantity with
The water surface can be seen subject to microwave；Shading net and plastic foil need to be built by marking thick region, and shading is taken shelter from rain, and burning sun is prevented to be exposed to the sun and rainfall
It is excessive；
2), water body is adjusted:
First 15 days or so injection fresh water is launched in seed, 200 mesh, 100 mesh, 60 are arranged in the depth of water 20~30cm, Ying Jin discharge outlet
Mesh three-layer network piece enters beach to prevent harmful organisms；With bleaching powder 30g/m3Entire beach is splashed disinfection, pharmacological property after 6~7 days
It eliminates, applies 200~300g/m of organic fertilizer through everfermentation2；
After water quality reaching standard, the colour bar cloth for marking thick region purse seine is drawn high, keeps area inside and outside in isolation, and with seawater or sea
Salt will mark thick pool area salinity water and be adjusted to 2 ‰~10 ‰；
3), seedling desalination:
The standing grain worm 3 cardinal guides section nectochaeta larva later period is selected, it is in seedling field that seedling water is light according to the thick region water salinity of Rearing shore mark
2 ‰~10 ‰ are turned to, desalinates amplitude control day 2 ‰~5 ‰；
4) it, marks thick region and puts Miao Midu:
The standing grain worm 3 cardinal guides section nectochaeta larva through desalinating is put in a suitable place to breed in the thick region of mark of beach, breeding density is 5,000,000/m2；
5), the mark thick phase feeds:
After putting seedling, initial stage feeds ocean rhodotorula, spirulina powder and photosynthetic bacteria, is fed twice daily in morning and evening, i.e.,
Daily morning 9:00 and 5:00 in afternoon is fed respectively；
Each every kind of bait feeding 2g/m2, bait, which needs to wash material bag by 400 mesh, before feeding washes filtering by rubbing with the hands；
After standing grain worm paedomorphosis to 5 guiding principle section nectocaete, it need to be added in bait and wash the fish that material bag washes filtering by rubbing with the hands through 300 mesh
Powder, feeding volume, which is subject in the standing grain worm young 5 hours, to be eaten up；
6) thick phase water quality management, is marked:
After standing grain worm paedomorphosis to 5 guiding principle section nectocaete, start to change water desalination；The water of culturing area is pumped into and marks thick region
Interior, day salt reduction degree is no more than 2 ‰, until mark thick region it is identical with culturing area salinity when, remove the thick region colour bar cloth of mark, allow standing grain
Worm seedling swims naturally to entire beach and carries out adult cultivation；
7) period management, is cultivated:
Depth of water early period keeps 20~30cm, and in favor of the growth and breeding of Micro Algae, after larva grows to 60 rigid sections, the depth of water increases
It is added to 30~50cm；Water is drained within every 15 days, is revealed dry bottom of pond 1~2 day, bottom of pond bait decomposition and benthic algae breeding life are promoted
It is long；It carries out changing water according to the girth of a garment of water and water colour variation, the fresh free of contamination river water of water conservancy is changed, through 40~60 mesh sieve tulles mistakes
Filter, that is, bring a large amount of unicellular algas and organic debris, provide food for standing grain worm, and be avoided that trash fish enters beach；Bait is thrown
It feeds and adheres to a small amount of more meal, take the circumstances into consideration to increase and decrease according to bottom of pond residual bait amount, daily bait throwing in 3 times；In breeding process, water body dissolved oxygen should be maintained at
4mg/L or more；
8), cultivation harvest:
Standing grain worm has group to float habit in mating period, using drainage collection, places 100 mesh sieve tulles in discharge outlet and is collected by filtration, net
Long 10~15m, network interface will cover discharge outlet and prevent from escaping.
2. a kind of semi-artificial nursery mudflat aquaculture method of standing grain worm according to claim 1, characterized in that the step 2) water
In the step of body is adjusted, further includes: pharmacological property is eliminated after 6~7 days, applies 200~300g/m of organic fertilizer through everfermentation2Afterwards, such as
Water transparency is greater than 40cm after fruit 2~3 days, applies 2~4g/m of urea3, 4~8g/m of compound fertilizer3, to cultivate underlying biological bait.
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| CN108094275A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-01 | 珠海市斗门区河口渔业研究所 | A kind of centralized collection method of pond culture standing grain worm |
| CN111011274B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-04-01 | 大连市现代农业生产发展服务中心(大连市农业科学研究院) | Industrial breeding method of urechis unicinctus |
| CN112913605B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-04-19 | 阳江职业技术学院 | Insect and rice symbiotic comprehensive planting and breeding method mainly based on gramineous insect proliferation |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1911004A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-02-14 | 黄自兴 | Method for cultivating Tylorrhynchus heter Ochatetus |
| CN205378693U (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-13 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Porous clam worm breeding device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0622410B2 (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1994-03-30 | 瀬戸内海水産開発株式会社 | Mass production method for larvae such as rotifers |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1911004A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-02-14 | 黄自兴 | Method for cultivating Tylorrhynchus heter Ochatetus |
| CN205378693U (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-13 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Porous clam worm breeding device |
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