CN110283777B - 一种对虾细胞连续培养方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明通过建立有效的对虾细胞3D培养与传代培养方法,从而提供了一种对虾细胞连续培养技术,可将其应用于对虾永生性细胞系的建立。本发明优化了基质胶的添加比例,从而提供了一种用于对虾细胞3D培养的基质胶制备方法;本发明还优化了对虾细胞完全培养基的配方,并选其作为对虾血淋巴细胞的抗凝剂与稀释剂,选用了基质胶表面附着生长的3D培养方式,从而提供了一种对虾外周血淋巴细胞的分离与3D培养技术,对虾血淋巴细胞以圆形单个细胞和细胞团/球的方式附着生长于基质胶表面,其存活和生长能力均优于2D培养效果;本发明还提供了一种3D培养对虾细胞的传代方法,传代后的对虾血淋巴细胞可以很好地附着于基质胶表面生长,传代后的存活率可高达90%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于动物细胞、组织培养技术领域,具体涉及一种对虾细胞连续培养方法。
背景技术
对虾病毒病的频繁爆发已给对虾养殖业带来了沉重打击,成为制约对虾养殖业可持续发展的瓶颈问题。对虾永生化细胞系的建立可为对虾病毒的分离纯化及其致病机理研究、生产高效的抗病毒疫苗等提供有效的研究手段与载体。虽然国内外专家学者在对虾细胞建系上进行了大量的探索和努力,但由于在目前已建立的培养体系下的对虾细胞几乎不分裂,而且对虾细胞对包括胰蛋白酶在内的各种蛋白酶极其敏感,因而传代困难,导致对虾永生性细胞系一直未能成功建立。
目前,对虾的各种体外培养尝试都是基于二维(2D)培养方式展开的,即细胞接种于培养瓶、培养皿和培养板中,以细胞单层的方式生长和存活。目前,在对虾细胞的2D培养举步维艰的现状下,有必要开展对虾细胞的3D培养尝试,以期提高对虾细胞的体外生长和存活能力。又由于3D培养细胞不是贴壁生长的,因而细胞的传代可以不使用包括胰蛋白酶在内的各种消化酶,从而减少传代时蛋白酶对对虾细胞的伤害,使对虾细胞的体外连续培养成为可能。但是,目前对虾细胞3D培养传代的效果并不好。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种对虾细胞连续培养方法,并将其应用于对虾永生性细胞系的建立,从而弥补现有技术的不足。
本发明首先提供一种对虾细胞的3D培养方法,是将对虾细胞悬液加入到已铺有基质胶的培养孔中,再补加对虾细胞完全培养基,再放置于CO2培养箱中进行培养,培养期间更换对虾细胞完全培养基;
其中已铺有基质胶的培养孔,是将4℃预冷的基质胶以55-80μL/cm2的比例加入到培养孔中;基质胶摊平后,凝固制成的;
所述的对虾细胞,为对虾外周血淋巴细胞;
所述的对虾细胞完全培养基,是在对虾细胞基础培养基中,使用前加入了15%胎牛血清、20%卵巢提取液、20μg/L碱性成纤维细胞生长因子bFGF和20μg/L表皮生长因子EGF,
其中对虾细胞基础培养基的配方为:20.55g/L Leibovitz's L-15培养基(粉末)、5g/L NaCl、2g/L葡萄糖、1g/L NaHCO3、166.7mg/L组氨酸,50mg/L赖氨酸,50mg/L甲硫氨酸,33.3mg/L色氨酸,30mg/L脯氨酸,30mg/L牛磺酸、0.25mg/L两性霉素B、100IU/L青霉素和100mg/L链霉素,pH值7.2-7.4。
所述的卵巢提取液,是将对虾卵巢组织匀浆后,用上述的对虾细胞基础培养基在4℃提取,提取液在4℃,10000rpm离心取上清;上清液依次用0.45和0.22um滤膜抽滤除菌制成的。
所述的培养,是在28℃、3%CO2培养箱中培养;
本发明还提供一种对虾3D培养细胞的传代方法,是将上述培养在基质胶表面的对虾细胞用0-4℃预冷的PBS溶液洗涤细胞后,加入与对虾细胞完全培养基的渗透压相同的细胞回收液,然后在0-4℃条件下将基质胶溶解;将溶解的基质胶细胞悬液在3000g,4℃离心5-10分钟,弃上清;将沉淀用对虾细胞完全培养基重悬,接种至新的培养板中的基质胶上进行传代培养。
其中PBS溶液的配方:12.0g/L NaCl,0.3g/L KCl,4.5g/LNa2HPO4·12H2O和0.3g/L的KH2PO4,pH值7.2~7.4,高压灭菌,4℃保存。
其中细胞回收液的渗透压为560-620mOsm/kg。
本发明所制备的基质胶可有效促进对虾细胞的聚集与成球,实现立体生长;对虾细胞的最适渗透压明显高于哺乳动物细胞,本发明采用对虾细胞完全培养基作为抗凝剂和稀释剂,以及采用调高洗涤细胞用的PBS溶液和细胞回收液的渗透压,有效避免了对虾血淋巴细胞在抽取和传代过程中的低渗破裂问题,提高了对虾血淋巴细胞的分离和回收效率;接种4h后及时换液的措施,有效缓解了培养基的黑化进程,减少黑化对对虾血淋巴细胞的毒性;对虾血淋巴细胞明显比哺乳动物细胞小,采用较高的离心速度,可保证对虾血淋巴细胞的充分沉淀和回收;细胞回收液对基质胶的溶解过程中,不涉及蛋白酶的消化作用,避免了酶法消化传代对对虾细胞的伤害;3D培养的对虾细胞以不铺展的圆形单个细胞或细胞球的方式立体生长,有利于细胞的体外存活和分裂。
附图说明
图1:对虾外周血淋巴细胞的3D培养结果图,其中A、B、C和D分别为接种到基质胶表面6h、1d、4d和5d的光镜照片。
图2:对虾外周血淋巴细胞3D培养9天后Calcein染色结果。A、B和C分别为荧光共聚焦显微镜下的光镜照片(A)、荧光照片(B)和合并照片(C)。
图3:对虾3D培养血淋巴细胞传代3天后Calcein染色结果。A、B和C分别为荧光共聚焦显微镜下的光镜照片(A)、荧光照片(B)和合并照片(C)。
具体实施方式
申请人在对虾细胞的培养过程中发现,当把对虾细胞接种到基质水凝胶的表面时,可明显改善对虾细胞的离体生长与存活能力,在基质水凝胶表面形成很大的细胞团;但将对虾细胞包埋到基质水凝胶内部,培养效果反而不如接种到凝胶表面的效果好。而海藻酸钠用于对虾细胞3D培养的效果不好,易污染,对虾细胞以圆形单个细胞存在,不形成细胞球,不能很好地存活与生长。而且申请人发现,对虾血淋巴细胞的渗透压远高于哺乳动物细胞,如果使用普通的生理盐水或磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)作为其抗凝剂和稀释剂,血淋巴细胞会因为低渗而很快裂解,故本发明采用对虾细胞完全培养基或调高了渗透压的PBS溶液作为对虾血淋巴的抗凝剂和稀释剂。
正是在上面发现的基础上,本发明建立和优化对虾细胞的3D培养与传代方法,从而提供一种对虾细胞连续培养技术,为对虾永生性细胞系的建立奠定基础。
为更好地解释本发明,以对虾外周血淋巴细胞的3D培养与传代为例,进一步阐释本发明的主要内容:
实施例1:制备用于对虾细胞3D培养的基质胶
具体步骤如下:
(1)基质胶的融化。将装有基质胶的离心管于4℃冰箱中,冰浴过夜,融化后摇匀;
(2)基质胶的铺板。将培养板和枪头置冰上预冷,以55-80μl/cm2的比例向培养板中加入基质胶;
(3)基质胶自然摊平后,将培养板置于37℃培养箱中凝固30min,待用。
上述提及的基质胶添加比例是经过反复优化的结果,加入的基质胶自然摊平后,使其不充满整个培养孔的底部,而是与培养孔的侧壁之间尚留有一定的空隙。但是在培养孔中央可以形成足够大的基质胶平台,用于支持对虾细胞的3D培养。
实施例2对虾外周血淋巴细胞的分离与3D培养。
对虾外周血淋巴细胞的分离与3D培养的具体步骤如下:
(1)将对虾于含有1000IU/mL青霉素和1000μg/mL链霉素的煮沸消毒海水中处理12-24h;
(2)抽取血淋巴之前,将对虾浸泡于75%的酒精中消毒3-5分钟,使其麻醉;
(3)先后用碘伏棉球和75%酒精棉球擦拭取材部位,即对虾腹下胸血窦处;
(4)用1-mL注射器吸取约0.2-0.5mL对虾细胞完全培养基后,从对虾腹下胸血窦处抽取对虾血淋巴细胞,并马上混匀;
(5)抽血后将注射器针头取下,缓慢将注射器中的对虾血淋巴细胞悬液,打入实施例1制备的已铺有基质胶的培养孔中;
(6)补加对虾细胞完全培养基,于28℃、3%CO2培养箱中培养;
(7)4h后,对虾血淋巴细胞贴壁后,换液;
(8)之后,根据对虾细胞完全培养基颜色的改变(即变黄),及时换液,约1-2天换一次液。
上述煮沸消毒海水的制备方法:自然海水经纱布和滤纸过滤后,煮沸消毒5分钟,冷却后加入1000IU/mL青霉素和1000μg/mL链霉素。
上述对虾细胞完全培养基的配制方法:
(1)对虾细胞基础培养基的制备。即在1升超纯水中溶解20.55g Leibovitz's L-15培养基(粉末)、5g NaCl、2g葡萄糖、1g NaHCO3、166.7mg组氨酸,50mg赖氨酸,50mg甲硫氨酸,33.3mg色氨酸,30mg脯氨酸,30mg牛磺酸、0.25mg两性霉素B、1.0×105IU青霉素和100mg链霉素。调节pH值至7.2-7.4,用0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤除菌,分装保存于-20℃;
(2)对虾细胞完全培养基的制备。临用前,在上述对虾细胞基础培养基中,添加15%胎牛血清、20%卵巢提取液、20μg/L碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和20μg/L表皮生长因子(EGF)。
上述卵巢提取液的制备方法:取对虾卵巢组织,于50-mL离心管中剪碎;然后使用组织匀浆器,将组织彻底磨碎;以20mL/g组织的比例,向卵巢组织匀浆中加入预冷的对虾细胞基础培养基,4℃冰箱过夜;4℃,10000rpm离心15min,取上清;4℃,10000rpm离心30min,取上清;依次用0.45和0.22um滤膜抽滤除菌,分装保存于-20℃。
培养结果如图1所示,对虾血淋巴细胞以圆形单个细胞和细胞团/球的方式附着于基质胶表面立体生长,1天后即可聚集形成直径50-110um的大的细胞团/球。细胞活性荧光染料Calcein染色结果如附图2所示,3D培养9天后的细胞团/球的表面和内部细胞均为活细胞,可观察到强的绿色荧光信号。可见,3D培养对虾血淋巴细胞的存活和生长能力均优于2D培养效果。
实施例3:对虾3D培养细胞的传代培养
以接种和生长于基质胶表面的对虾血淋巴细胞的传代为例,具体步骤如下:
(1)以冰上预冷的PBS溶液洗涤细胞1次;
(2)以2mL/培养皿(φ35mm)的比例加入改进后的细胞回收液(Corning,Cat.NO.354253);将培养皿置于冰上,期间将其左右振摇,至基质胶溶解;
(3)将溶解的基质胶-细胞悬液收集到1.5mL离心管中,3000g,4℃离心5-10分钟,弃上清;
(4)对虾细胞完全培养基重悬细胞沉淀,接种至新的培养板中的基质胶上,于28℃,3%CO2培养箱中静置培养。
上述PBS溶液的配制方法:分别称取12.0g NaCl,0.3g KCl,4.5gNa2HPO4·12H2O和0.3g的KH2PO4溶于1L纯水中,溶解,用3M NaOH调节pH值至7.2~7.4,高压灭菌,分装后4℃保存备用。
上述改进后的细胞回收液的制备方法:在细胞回收液(Corning,Cat.NO.354253)中加入20mg/mL NaCl,调高渗透压至560-620mOsm/kg。
如图3所示,传代后的对虾血淋巴可以很好地附着于基质胶表面生长,传代后的存活率可高达90%以上。
本发明的方法还可以适用于对虾其他组织来源的细胞。
Claims (1)
1.一种对虾3D培养细胞的传代方法,其特征在于,所述的传代方法是将对虾外周血淋巴细胞的3D培养方法培养的生长于基质胶表面的对虾外周血淋巴细胞用0-4℃预冷的PBS溶液洗涤细胞后,加入与对虾细胞完全培养基的渗透压相同的细胞回收液,然后在0-4℃条件下将基质胶溶解;将溶解的基质胶细胞悬液在3000g,4℃离心5-10分钟,弃上清;将沉淀用对虾细胞完全培养基重悬,接种至新的培养板中的基质胶上进行传代培养;所述的细胞回收液的渗透压为560-620 mOsm/kg;
所述的PBS溶液的配方如下:12.0 g/L NaCl,0.3 g/L KCl,4.5 g/L Na2HPO4·12H2O和0.3 g/L的KH2PO4,pH值7.2~7.4,高压灭菌,4℃保存;
所述的对虾外周血淋巴细胞的3D培养方法,是将对虾细胞悬液加入到已铺有基质胶的培养孔中,再补加对虾细胞完全培养基,再放置于CO2培养箱中进行培养,培养期间更换对虾细胞完全培养基;
其中CO2培养箱中进行培养,是在28℃、3%CO2培养箱中培养;培养4 h后,更换对虾细胞完全培养基;
其中已铺有基质胶的培养孔,是将4℃预冷的基质胶以55-80 μL/cm2 的比例加入到培养孔中;基质胶自然摊平后凝固制成的;且基质胶自然摊平后,使其不充满整个培养孔的底部;
所述的对虾细胞完全培养基,是在对虾细胞基础培养基中,使用前加入了15%胎牛血清、20% 卵巢提取液、20 μg/L碱性成纤维细胞生长因子bFGF和 20 μg/L表皮生长因子EGF;
其中对虾细胞基础培养基的配方为:20.55 g/L Leibovitz's L-15 培养基粉末、5 g/L NaCl、2 g/L葡萄糖、1 g/L NaHCO3、166.7 mg/L组氨酸,50 mg/L赖氨酸,50 mg/L甲硫氨酸,33.3 mg/L色氨酸,30 mg/L脯氨酸,30 mg/L牛磺酸、0.25 mg/L两性霉素B、100 IU/L 青霉素和100 mg/L链霉素,pH值7.2-7.4;
所述的卵巢提取液,是将对虾卵巢组织匀浆后,用上述的对虾细胞基础培养基在4 ℃提取,提取液在4 ℃,10000 rpm离心取上清;上清液依次用0.45和0.22µm滤膜抽滤除菌制成的。
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CN105754928B (zh) * | 2016-05-16 | 2019-03-19 | 中国海洋大学 | 一种对虾胚胎细胞的分离与培养方法 |
CN108130314B (zh) * | 2018-01-24 | 2022-05-17 | 郑州大学第一附属医院 | 一种单克隆细胞培养方法 |
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