CN110283590B - 磷酸锂钡蓝绿色荧光粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
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- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7783—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals one of which being europium
- C09K11/7795—Phosphates
- C09K11/7796—Phosphates with alkaline earth metals
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种白光LED用稀土离子掺杂蓝绿色发光磷酸锂钡荧光粉及其制备方法,其特征在于其化学组成为LiBa1‑x‑yPO4:Eux,Cey,x=0.0001~0.2,y=0.0001~0.5。荧光粉采用高温固相反应法合成,可以在较低的热处理温度下制备结晶性能良好、化学成分分布均匀、发光效率高的荧光粉,粉体的制备具有工艺简单、重复性好、制备周期短、成本低、易于中小企业生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种半导体二极管照明用蓝绿色荧光粉的制备方法。确切讲本发明是一种稀土三价铈离子(Ce3+)和二价铕离子(Eu2+)双掺杂磷酸锂钡(LiBaPO4)蓝绿光发射荧光粉,以及这种无机非金属材料的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,半导体二极管(LED)照明设备逐渐进入室外照明和室内照明领域,快速地改变人类的生活方式。与传统照明显示技术相比,荧光粉转换白光发光二极管(WLED)具有功耗低、效率高、寿命长、无汞毒性等优良性能,被认为是新一代光源。白光LED器件由多种荧光粉(红色、绿色和蓝色荧光粉)和蓝色或紫外线芯片所组成,其中,荧光粉对提高发光效率、发光强度和寿命具有重要作用。
在众多无机非金属材料中,具有ABPO4(式中,A是碱金属离子,即Li+,Na+,K+,Rb+,Cs+;B是碱土金属离子,包括Mg2+,Ca2+,Sr2+,Ba2+)分子式的一类材料由于其良好的热稳定性和水解稳定性,使其适合作为荧光粉的基质。人们已经在NaSrPO4、KSrPO4、AMgPO4(A=Li,Na,K,Cs)、LiSrPO4等材料中引入稀土离子和过渡金属离子制备出不同发光颜色的荧光粉。在此类材料中,磷酸锂钡(LiBaPO4)同样展示出物理和化学稳定性,该材料属于六方晶系,其晶体结构中每个PO4四面体与4个LiO4四面体以共用顶角的方式相联接,而每个LiO4四面体也与4个PO4四面体相联接。晶体结构中有3个Ba的格位,其中一个是6配位,另外2个是9配位。钡离子的离子半径与稀土离子和过渡金属离子相近,电荷也相近。这些优势使钡离子容易被发光离子所置换,制备新型荧光粉。
在各种稀土离子中,三价铈离子(Ce3+)和二价铕离子(Eu2+)的光发射表明它们的发射波长取决于基质晶格中的晶体环境。对于具有4f电子构型的Ce3+离子,5d→4f宇称选律允许跃迁导致了高效的宽带发光,在光谱上显示出大的斯托克斯位移,随晶体环境的改变光发射范围从紫外光到可见光。对于Eu2+离子,吸收光谱是由最低的能级4f7(8S7/2)跃迁到4f65d1电子构型中的不同能级所引起的。4f65d1能级在不同的晶体环境下在基质中劈裂成若干个能级,从而导致Eu2+的宽带发射。此外,还发现在一些Ce3+/Eu2+共掺杂体系中,能量可以从Ce3+传递到Eu2+,从而提高Eu2+离子的发光强度,或者调控荧光粉的发光颜色。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为固体照明技术,特别是LED照明技术提供一种蓝绿色荧光粉。该荧光粉以具有良好的热稳定性的磷酸锂钡(LiBaPO4)为基质,以二价稀土铕离子(Eu2+)为激活剂,以三价稀土铈离子(Ce3+)为敏化剂。本发明涉及该荧光粉的化学组成及其制备方法。
本发明的荧光粉的分子式为LiBa1-x-yPO4:Eux,Cey,其中x=0.0001~0.2,y=0.0001~0.5。所使用的制备方法是高温固相反应法,该方法包括如下实施步骤:
(1)以碳酸锂为元素锂的原料;碳酸钡、乙酸钡、氢氧化钡等为元素钡的原料;以磷酸氢二铵、磷酸二氢铵等为元素磷的原料;以氧化铕为元素铕的原料;以氧化铈为元素铈的原料。
(2)计算与称量。根据的化学式LiBa1-x-yPO4:Eux,Cey,明确具体的x和y值,按照化学计量比计算所需要的各个原料的质量。使用电子天平准确称量各种原料,依次倒入研磨设备的容器中。
(3)研磨混合。使用研磨设备,快速研磨3~10分钟,使原料被磨成细小颗粒,同时完成物料的混合和成分的均一化。
(4)预烧。将研细的原料混合物盛入坩埚中,随坩埚放在窑炉中心位置,在550~900℃空气气氛下煅烧0.5~12小时。
(5)二次研磨混合。在研磨设备中将预烧料研磨破碎,消除块体,获得超细粉体。
(6)高温煅烧。将超细粉体移入耐高温容器,随该耐高温容器放置于高温煅烧设备的中心位置,使用弱还原气氛煅烧,煅烧温度为1000~1200℃,煅烧时间为0.5~24小时。
(7)第三次研磨。高温煅烧的材料多为块状,不能直接使用,需要使用研磨设备破坏使其成为超细粉体。
(8)洗涤。将高温煅烧并磨细的粉体在去离子水中搅拌,然后固液分离,除去可溶性盐类杂质。再在无水乙醇中搅拌,排除粉体表面的水分子,然后固液分离。
(9)干燥。将收集的固体材料放在容器中,在烘箱中干燥处理,干燥温度为40~110℃,干燥时间为0.5~12小时。
(10)过筛。使用筛网分离不同粒径的粉体颗粒。
(11)存储。将过筛后的干燥超细粉体用密封袋封存。
所述的研磨方法可以选择玛瑙研钵手工处理、球磨机湿法研磨、球磨机干法研磨。
所述的预烧窑炉类型包括:马弗炉、管式气氛炉等。优先选择马弗炉作为预烧的热工设备。
所述的预烧坩埚可以是普通陶瓷坩埚、石英坩埚和刚玉坩埚。
所述的高温煅烧设备包括:马弗炉、管式气氛炉、真空炉等。优先选择管式气氛炉作为高温煅烧设备。
所述的高温煅烧容器类型包括圆柱状和舟状物,容器的化学成分可以是石英、刚玉、氧化锆。
所述的高温煅烧弱还原气氛的来源可以是碳粉、碳粒、H2/N2混合气体。
所述的固液分离方法包括离心分离法和抽滤法。
所述的过筛器材材质包括尼龙和金属,优先选择尼龙。
本发明的有益效果:首先,使用稀土铈离子(Ce3+)作为敏化剂,可以向激活剂二价稀土铕离子(Eu2+)有效传递能量,提高激活剂的发光强度。其次,氧化铈的价格远低于氧化铕,可以显著地降低生产成本。此外,本发明所述的荧光粉采用高温固相反应法制备,具有工艺简单、重复性好、制备周期短、成本低、易于中小企业生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1所得的LiBa0.9475PO4:Eu0.0025,Ce0.05蓝绿色荧光粉的X射线衍射图谱;
图2是本发明实施例1所得的LiBa0.9475PO4:Eu0.025,Ce0.05蓝绿色荧光粉的扫描电子显微镜照片;
图3是本发明实施例1所得的LiBa0.9475PO4:Eu0.0025,Ce0.05蓝绿色荧光粉的激发光谱;
图4是本发明实施例1所得的LiBa0.9475PO4:Eu0.0025,Ce0.05蓝绿色荧光粉的发射光谱;
图5是本发明实施例2所得的LiBa0.93PO4:Eu0.02,Ce0.05蓝绿色荧光粉的激发光谱;
图6是本发明实施例2所得的LiBa0.93PO4:Eu0.02,Ce0.05蓝绿色荧光粉的发射光谱;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
该紫外激发的共掺杂铕和铈的磷酸锂钡蓝绿色荧光粉,所述的蓝绿色荧光粉的表达式为LiBa1-x-yPO4:Eux,Cey,其中x表示0.0025的摩尔值,y表示0.05的摩尔值。该紫外激发的共掺杂铕和铈的磷酸锂钡蓝绿色荧光粉的X射线衍射图谱和扫描电子显微镜照片如图1和2所示,激发光谱和发射光谱如图3和图4所示。
该蓝绿色荧光粉由Li2CO3、BaCO3、(NH4)2HPO4、Eu2O3和CeO2原料按照摩尔比0.5∶0.9475∶1∶0.00125∶0.05制成。首先,将称取的原料粉体在研钵中研磨混合,然后将混合粉体放入坩埚中并随坩埚放入马弗炉预烧,热处理温度为550~900℃,煅烧0.5~12小时,自然冷却至室温。取出预烧后的粉体,倒入玛瑙研钵中研磨混合,将研磨后的粉料转移到刚玉瓷舟,放在管式气氛炉的中心位置,缓慢升温至1000~1200℃,先通入氮气30分钟,排除管内的空气,然后再通入N2/H2(5%H2)混合气体,煅烧0.5~12小时,程序控制降温,降温速度为5~10℃/分钟,冷却至室温。取出煅烧后的粉体,经研磨、水洗、干燥和过筛得到产物蓝绿色荧光粉。
实施例2
该紫外激发的共掺杂铕和铈的磷酸锂钡蓝绿色荧光粉,所述的蓝绿色荧光粉的表达式为LiBa1-x-yPO4:Eux,Cey,其中x表示0.02的摩尔值,y表示0.05的摩尔值。该紫外激发的共掺杂铕和铈的磷酸锂钡蓝绿色荧光粉的激发光谱和发射光谱如图5和图6所示。
该蓝绿色荧光粉由Li2CO3、Ba(CH3COO)2、NH4H2PO4、Eu2O3和CeO2原料按照摩尔比0.5∶0.93∶1∶0.01∶0.05制成。将称取的原料粉体在玛瑙研钵中研磨混合,然后将原料粉体混合物移入普通陶瓷坩埚中,随坩埚放入管式炉,升温到600~800℃,煅烧1~24小时,自然冷却至室温。取出预烧后的粉体,在行星式球磨机中研磨混合,以无水乙醇为分散介质,球磨机转速为100~180转/分钟,球磨时间为1~12小时。球磨后的料浆随烧杯在电热鼓风干燥箱中于70~100℃干燥0.5~24小时,以排除粉料表面的乙醇和水。将干燥后的粉料倒入刚玉小坩埚,连同小刚玉坩埚一同放在一个大刚玉坩埚中,两个坩埚之间填充有还原碳粉。将大刚玉坩埚安放在马弗炉底部的中心位置,缓慢升温至1000~1200℃,煅烧2~10小时,然后自然降温至室温,取出煅烧后的粉体,经研磨、水洗、干燥和过筛得到蓝绿色荧光粉。
Claims (4)
1.一种蓝绿色发光的磷酸锂钡荧光粉,其特征在于其组成为LiBa1-x-yPO4∶Eux,Cey,x=0.0001~0.2,y=0.0001~0.5。
2.一种制备如权利要求1所述的一种蓝绿色发光的磷酸锂钡荧光粉的制备方法,其具体步骤如下:按照计算的质量称取碳酸锂、元素钡和磷的无机盐、氧化铕、氧化铈,用研磨的方式同时实现原料混合物的细化和混合,然后在窑炉中预烧处理,预烧温度为550~900℃,预烧时间为0.5~12小时,空气气氛,预烧料进行二次研磨,然后高温还原气氛下煅烧,煅烧温度为1000~1200℃,煅烧时间为0.5~24小时,其后,将烧后了破碎、研细、洗涤、干燥、过筛,得到最终的产物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的荧光粉的制备方法,其特征是所用的元素钡的原料有碳酸钡、乙酸钡、氢氧化钡。
4.根据权利要求2所述的荧光粉的制备方法,其特征是所用的元素磷的原料有磷酸氢二铵、磷酸二氢铵。
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Efficient sensitization of Eu2+/Mn2+ emissions by Ce3+ doping in NaMgPO4 host under UV excitation;Zhang Zheng et al.;《Appl. Phys. A》;20160301;第122卷;第1-8页 * |
Luminescence of Alkali-Alkaline Earth-Phosphates Activated with Eu2+;M. S. Waite;《Journal of The Electrochemical Society》;19740831;第121卷;第1122-1123页 * |
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