CN110249884A - A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method - Google Patents

A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110249884A
CN110249884A CN201910516898.0A CN201910516898A CN110249884A CN 110249884 A CN110249884 A CN 110249884A CN 201910516898 A CN201910516898 A CN 201910516898A CN 110249884 A CN110249884 A CN 110249884A
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parts
tea
early stage
cultivation method
water
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Inventor
陈远权
韦锦坚
韦持章
农玉琴
陆金梅
廖春文
覃潇敏
陈海生
李金婷
骆妍妃
陈杏
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Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
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Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00—Agricultural use

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, the method of the present invention includes site preparation, injection base fertilizer, tea shoot field planting, overlay film and suppression meadow cloth and field management, pass through water-retaining agent, degradable films and 80% or more the use reduction tea place Early postoperative management labour investment for pressing down meadow cloth, reduce labor intensity, save the cost, tea shoot plant 95% or more survival rate；The present invention can guarantee absorption of the tea shoot to moisture and nutritional ingredient by the use of water-retaining agent and organic fertilizer, promotes fast rapid-result garden, is conducive to the yield and quality for improving dark brownish green raw material.Method of the invention can realize, standardized management intensive to tea place, greatly reduce tea place labour investment, improve survival rate, it can be achieved that going into operation ahead of time.

Description

A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to tea place technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method.
Background technique
" light simplify " cultivation technique, it is so-called it is " light " be to reduce labour's investment, reduction labor intensity；" letter " is exactly to reduce Cargo handling operation and number, streamlining management；" change " is exactly to adopt an effective measure to organically blend with plant growth rule, promote crop or The sustainable development of industry.
About adhering to that agriculture rural area first develops, several opinions for carrying out Work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers propose State Council, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China " adaptation to local conditions develops diversity featured agriculture, advocates one product each village, one industry of a county, actively develops the industries such as fruit and vegetable tea, supports to build If a collection of Ways of Special Agricultural Products Predominance Area ".File not only regard tea and fruit, dish as one of China's ruralism industry side by side, even more For the next stage development of Tea Production specify direction, the also mating corresponding policies and measures in national each province.
Tea industry widens one of the industry of increasing peasant income channel, in state and society as rural industry is developed Go from strength to strength development under support, also achieves certain effect.But as rural population flows to east from western part, flowed to from rural area There is lack of labor, the insufficient situation of follow-up developments strength in city, Tea Industry；Meanwhile existing cultivation technology method It need to be fostered in early stage seedling and put into more manpower and material resources, also seriously restrict developing for rural tea-enterprise.Therefore, tea Leaf industry it is urgently to be resolved early stage labour put into it is more, in early days at garden in terms of the technical issues of.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, the present invention is from site preparation, injection bottom Fertilizer, tea shoot field planting, growth belt overlay film and field management etc. standardize, it can be achieved that water-saving tea place early stage light simplified cultivation Labour is saved in water conservation, reduces labor intensity, improves the competitiveness of Tea Production.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, includes the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm；
(2) it injection base fertilizer: after organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and surface soil are uniformly mixed, is sprinkled into growth belt, according to duplicate rows Plantation carries out growth belt smooth；The group of the water-retaining agent becomes plant ash, diatomite, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylic acid potassium And Tea Saponin；
(3) tea shoot is colonized: selecting the excellent tea tree seedling of no disease and pests harm to be planted, according to Chinese character pin-shaped rule on growth belt Lattice duplicate rows plants tea shoot, and spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35-40cm carry out cutting back and drench to determine enough after the completion of plantation to tea shoot Root water；
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are advised according to plantation Lattice open implantation hole on film, to expose tea shoot；Then suppression meadow cloth is in the ranks covered in tea；
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；It checks Soil moisture content situation in film, irregular water drenching.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the composition of the organic fertilizer, in parts by weight, be decomposed poultry-dung 10-20 parts, Decomposed stalk 10-20 parts, 5-10 parts of the Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, 5-10 parts of decomposed camphor tree branches and leaves, yellow 5-10 part of humic acid, lemon-grass extraction it is residual 5-10 parts of slag, 5-10 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of potassium chloride, 5-7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3-5 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powder, 3-5 parts of amino acid, 0.3-0.8 parts of heteroauxin, 8-12 parts of carbendazim wettable powder.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, in parts by weight, the group of the water-retaining agent becomes plant ash 5-10 parts, diatom 3-5 parts native, 1-3 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan, 1-3 parts of polyacrylic acid potassium and 1-2 parts of Tea Saponin.
As the further preferred of technical solution, the water-retaining agent further include zeolite powder, talcum powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, Potassium humate；Dosage is zeolite powder 3-5 parts, 3-5 parts of talcum powder, 1-3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1-3 parts of potassium humate.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is 400-420kg/ mus, and the dosage of the water-retaining agent is 5-7kg/ mus.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the time of tea shoot field planting is March annual November to next year.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the plant height 25cm or more of the tea shoot, stem thickness 0.2cm or more.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the cutting back are as follows: the stalk for cutting off tea shoot 1/3-1/2 is greater than area 5cm3Blade cut off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, covering suppression meadow cloth specifically: suppression is used on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground Meadow cloth is covered, and suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film makes It is fixed with suppression meadow cloth nail.
As a preferred option of the technical scheme, the diameter of the implantation hole is 7-10cm.
Organic fertilizer each component and water-retaining agent each component used in the present invention can be commercially available by market.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention mixes organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent with surface soil soil, and tea tree can be drawn into corresponding support in the soil Divide, moisture, be conducive to tea shoot early recovery and survive, reaches 95% or more using tea shoot survival rate after method field planting of the invention. Traditional method needs to carry out artificial recharge according to soil dry-wet situation, and labour's investment is more, and water drenching frequency is high, is unfavorable for tea Seedling early recovery survives.
(2) weeds both can be effectively controlled by the ranks covering suppression meadow cloth in growth belt overlay film and in tea in the present invention Growth, while can also play moisture-keeping function to soil, and when weeding only needs to carry out uprooting weed to plantation pocket exposed on growth belt, greatly Ground reduces workload and reduces labor intensity, can save 80% labour investment.The present invention covers degradable on growth belt Film is generally degraded after 6-8 months, and the 2-3 pumping tip is completed in tea shoot at this time, and growing way is vigorous, the first one-step forming of tea tree, can be effective The exposed ground in growth belt is covered, inhibits weed growth, convenient for the final-period management in tea place.Traditional cultivation method needs periodically Weeds cleaning is carried out to plantation tea place, expends a large amount of artificial, and large labor intensity, while weeds are mingled with tea shoot and are unfavorable for removing Grass operation.
(3) use of the invention by plant ash, zeolite powder, diatomite, talcum powder, carboxymethyl chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, The water-retaining agent of polyacrylic acid potassium, potassium humate and Tea Saponin composition, soil can be effectively reduced in carboxymethyl cellulose and polyacrylic acid potassium Earth dehydration, potassium humate can be reduced the loss of potassium, and fixed potash fertilizer increases absorption and utilization rate of the crop to potash fertilizer, Tea Saponin energy Improve the hygroscopicity of soil and the penetration of fertilizer.Not only Water-saving effect is good for water-retaining agent of the invention, it can be ensured that native in 20-30 days Earth moisture supply is normal, can greatly reduce water drenching operating frequency, saves labour, and have the effect of sustained release to fertilizer, can To ensure that soil nutrient supply is normal in 8 months, can reduce tea place early stage fertilising operation frequency, save labour, reduce labour Intensity improves the competitiveness of Tea Production.
(4) application of the invention by decomposed poultry-dung, decomposed stalk, the Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, decomposed camphor tree branches and leaves, yellow humic acid, Lemon-grass extracts residue, urea, potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium and magnesium silicon powder, amino acid, heteroauxin and more bacterium The organic fertilizer of clever wettable powder composition, it is full of nutrition comprehensively, it is good to the growth-promoting effect of tea tree, be conducive to tea shoot early recovery at It is living, promote fast rapid-result garden, goes into operation ahead of time, be conducive to the yield and quality for improving dark brownish green raw material, and fertilizer cost is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the tea place state diagram after tea place early stage according to the invention light simplified cultivation method plantation；
Fig. 2 is the growing state figure of tea shoot after tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method according to the invention is planted 90 days；
Fig. 3 is the growing state figure that tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method according to the invention plants second year tea shoot；
Fig. 4 is the growing state figure that tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method according to the invention plants third year tea shoot.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail, but is not limited to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, includes the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm.
(2) injection base fertilizer: will be by 15 parts of decomposed poultry-dungs, 15 parts of decomposed stalks, 8 parts of Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, 7 parts of decomposed branck of Lignum cinnamomi camphorae Leaf, 8 parts of yellow humic acid, 7 portions of lemon-grasses extract residues, 8 parts of urea, 7 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, The organic fertilizer that 4 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powders, 4 parts of amino acid, 0.5 part of heteroauxin, 10 parts of carbendazim wettable powders form, by 8 portions of vegetations Ash, 4 parts of zeolite powders, 4 parts of diatomite, 4 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of carboxymethyl chitosans, 2 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses, 2 parts of polyacrylic acid After the water-retaining agent and surface soil that potassium, 2 parts of potassium humates and 1.5 parts of Tea Saponins form are uniformly mixed, it is sprinkled into growth belt, according to Duplicate rows plantation is smooth to growth belt progress, and the dosage of organic fertilizer is 410kg/ mus, and the dosage of water-retaining agent is 6kg/ mus.
(3) tea shoot is colonized: selecting the plant height 25cm or more of no disease and pests harm, the excellent tea of stem thickness 0.2cm or more annual November Tree species seedling is planted, and plants tea shoot, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35- according to Chinese character pin-shaped specification duplicate rows on growth belt 40cm carries out cutting back to tea shoot after the completion of plantation, cuts off the stalk of tea shoot 1/3-1/2, is greater than 5cm for area3Leaf Piece cuts off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade, then drenches sufficient root water.
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are advised according to plantation Lattice open the implantation hole that diameter is 7-10cm on film, to expose tea shoot.Suppression is used on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground Meadow cloth is covered, and suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film makes It is fixed with suppression meadow cloth nail.
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；It checks Soil moisture content situation in film, irregular water drenching.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, includes the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm.
(2) injection base fertilizer: will be by 20 parts of decomposed poultry-dungs, 10 parts of decomposed stalks, 10 parts of Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, 5 parts of decomposed camphor trees Branches and leaves, 10 parts of yellow humic acid, 5 portions of lemon-grasses extract residues, 10 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 5 parts of mistake phosphorus The organic fertilizer that sour calcium, 3 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powders, 5 parts of amino acid, 0.3 part of heteroauxin, 12 parts of carbendazim wettable powders form, by 5 parts Plant ash, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 3 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of talcum powder, 3 parts of carboxymethyl chitosans, 1 part of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts poly- third After the water-retaining agent and surface soil that olefin(e) acid potassium, 3 parts of potassium humates and 2 parts of Tea Saponins form are uniformly mixed, it is sprinkled into growth belt, presses Smooth to growth belt progress according to duplicate rows plantation, the dosage of organic fertilizer is 400kg/ mus, and the dosage of water-retaining agent is 7kg/ mus.
(3) tea shoot is colonized: selecting the plant height 25cm or more of no disease and pests harm, the excellent tea of stem thickness 0.2cm or more annual December Tree species seedling is planted, and plants tea shoot, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35- according to Chinese character pin-shaped specification duplicate rows on growth belt 40cm carries out cutting back to tea shoot after the completion of plantation, cuts off the stalk of tea shoot 1/3-1/2, is greater than 5cm for area3Leaf Piece cuts off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade, then drenches sufficient root water.
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are advised according to plantation Lattice open the implantation hole that diameter is 7-10cm on film, to expose tea shoot.Suppression is used on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground Meadow cloth is covered, and suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film makes It is fixed with suppression meadow cloth nail.
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；It checks Soil moisture content situation in film, irregular water drenching.
Embodiment 3
A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, includes the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm.
(2) injection base fertilizer: will be by 10 parts of decomposed poultry-dungs, 20 parts of decomposed stalks, 5 parts of Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, 10 parts of decomposed camphor trees Branches and leaves, 5 parts of yellow humic acid, 10 portions of lemon-grasses extract residues, 5 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 7 parts of mistake phosphorus The organic fertilizer that sour calcium, 5 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powders, 3 parts of amino acid, 0.8 part of heteroauxin, 8 parts of carbendazim wettable powders form, by 10 parts Plant ash, 3 parts of zeolite powders, 5 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of talcum powder, 1 part of carboxymethyl chitosan, 3 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses, 1 part poly- third After the water-retaining agent and surface soil that olefin(e) acid potassium, 1 part of potassium humate and 1 part of Tea Saponin form are uniformly mixed, it is sprinkled into growth belt, presses Smooth to growth belt progress according to duplicate rows plantation, the dosage of organic fertilizer is 420kg/ mus, and the dosage of water-retaining agent is 5kg/ mus.
(3) tea shoot is colonized: selecting the plant height 25cm or more of no disease and pests harm, the excellent tea of stem thickness 0.2cm or more annual January Tree species seedling is planted, and plants tea shoot, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35- according to Chinese character pin-shaped specification duplicate rows on growth belt 40cm carries out cutting back to tea shoot after the completion of plantation, cuts off the stalk of tea shoot 1/3-1/2, is greater than 5cm for area3Leaf Piece cuts off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade, then drenches sufficient root water.
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are advised according to plantation Lattice open the implantation hole that diameter is 7-10cm on film, to expose tea shoot.Suppression is used on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground Meadow cloth is covered, and suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film makes It is fixed with suppression meadow cloth nail.
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；It checks Soil moisture content situation in film, irregular water drenching.
Embodiment 4
A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, includes the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm.
(2) injection base fertilizer: will be by 15 parts of decomposed poultry-dungs, 15 parts of decomposed stalks, 8 parts of Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, 7 parts of decomposed branck of Lignum cinnamomi camphorae Leaf, 8 parts of yellow humic acid, 7 portions of lemon-grasses extract residues, 8 parts of urea, 7 parts of potassium chloride, 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, The organic fertilizer that 4 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powders, 4 parts of amino acid, 0.5 part of heteroauxin, 10 parts of carbendazim wettable powders form, by 8 portions of vegetations The water-retaining agent and surface soil that ash, 4 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of carboxymethyl chitosans, 2 parts of polyacrylic acid potassiums and 1.5 parts of Tea Saponins form stir After mixing, it is sprinkled into growth belt, smooth to growth belt progress according to duplicate rows plantation, the dosage of organic fertilizer is 410kg/ mus, The dosage of water-retaining agent is 6kg/ mus.
(3) tea shoot is colonized: annual 2 months, selecting the plant height 25cm or more of no disease and pests harm, the excellent tea of stem thickness 0.2cm or more Tree species seedling is planted, and plants tea shoot, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35- according to Chinese character pin-shaped specification duplicate rows on growth belt 40cm carries out cutting back to tea shoot after the completion of plantation, cuts off the stalk of tea shoot 1/3-1/2, is greater than 5cm for area3Leaf Piece cuts off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade, then drenches sufficient root water.
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are advised according to plantation Lattice open the implantation hole that diameter is 7-10cm on film, to expose tea shoot.Suppression is used on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground Meadow cloth is covered, and suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film makes It is fixed with suppression meadow cloth nail.
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；It checks Soil moisture content situation in film, irregular water drenching.
Embodiment 5
A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, includes the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm.
(2) injection base fertilizer: will be by 20 parts of decomposed poultry-dungs, 10 parts of decomposed stalks, 10 parts of Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, 5 parts of decomposed camphor trees Branches and leaves, 10 parts of yellow humic acid, 5 portions of lemon-grasses extract residues, 10 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 5 parts of mistake phosphorus The organic fertilizer that sour calcium, 3 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powders, 5 parts of amino acid, 0.3 part of heteroauxin, 12 parts of carbendazim wettable powders form, by 5 parts The water-retaining agent and surface soil that plant ash, 3 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of carboxymethyl chitosans, 3 parts of polyacrylic acid potassiums and 2 parts of Tea Saponins form stir It mixes after mixing, is sprinkled into growth belt, smooth to growth belt progress according to duplicate rows plantation, the dosage of organic fertilizer is 400kg/ Mu, the dosage of water-retaining agent are 7kg/ mus.
(3) tea shoot is colonized: selecting the plant height 25cm or more of no disease and pests harm, the excellent tea of stem thickness 0.2cm or more annual March Tree species seedling is planted, and plants tea shoot, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35- according to Chinese character pin-shaped specification duplicate rows on growth belt 40cm carries out cutting back to tea shoot after the completion of plantation, cuts off the stalk of tea shoot 1/3-1/2, is greater than 5cm for area3Leaf Piece cuts off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade, then drenches sufficient root water.
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are advised according to plantation Lattice open the implantation hole that diameter is 7-10cm on film, to expose tea shoot.Suppression is used on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground Meadow cloth is covered, and suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film makes It is fixed with suppression meadow cloth nail.
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；It checks Soil moisture content situation in film, irregular water drenching.
Embodiment 6
A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, includes the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm.
(2) injection base fertilizer: will be by 10 parts of decomposed poultry-dungs, 20 parts of decomposed stalks, 5 parts of Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, 10 parts of decomposed camphor trees Branches and leaves, 5 parts of yellow humic acid, 10 portions of lemon-grasses extract residues, 5 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 7 parts of mistake phosphorus The organic fertilizer that sour calcium, 5 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powders, 3 parts of amino acid, 0.8 part of heteroauxin, 8 parts of carbendazim wettable powders form, by 10 parts The water-retaining agent and surface soil that plant ash, 5 parts of diatomite, 1 part of carboxymethyl chitosan, 1 part of polyacrylic acid potassium and 1 part of Tea Saponin form stir It mixes after mixing, is sprinkled into growth belt, smooth to growth belt progress according to duplicate rows plantation, the dosage of organic fertilizer is 420kg/ Mu, the dosage of water-retaining agent are 5kg/ mus.
(3) tea shoot is colonized: selecting the plant height 25cm or more of no disease and pests harm, the excellent tea of stem thickness 0.2cm or more annual March Tree species seedling is planted, and plants tea shoot, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35- according to Chinese character pin-shaped specification duplicate rows on growth belt 40cm carries out cutting back to tea shoot after the completion of plantation, cuts off the stalk of tea shoot 1/3-1/2, is greater than 5cm for area3Leaf Piece cuts off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade, then drenches sufficient root water.
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are advised according to plantation Lattice open the implantation hole that diameter is 7-10cm on film, to expose tea shoot.Suppression is used on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground Meadow cloth is covered, and suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film makes It is fixed with suppression meadow cloth nail.
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；It checks Soil moisture content situation in film, irregular water drenching.
Time is retained to the sustained release of 1-6 of the embodiment of the present invention and tea shoot survival rate is analyzed, the results are shown in Table 1:
The sustained release water conservation time of the invention of table 1 and tea shoot survival rate
Embodiment Sustained release water conservation time/moon Tea shoot survival rate/%
Conventional method 0.5 85
Embodiment 1 8 97.8
Embodiment 2 8 97.5
Embodiment 3 8 97.2
Embodiment 4 7 96.3
Embodiment 5 7 95.5
Embodiment 6 6 95.6
As it can be seen from table 1 the sustained release water conservation time of the invention is up to 8 months, the significantly larger than sustained release of conventional method is protected The water time, and the sustained release water conservation time of embodiment 1-3 is longer than the sustained release water conservation time of embodiment 4-6, it is seen that zeolite powder, talcum The addition of powder, carboxymethyl cellulose and potassium humate is conducive to enhance the soil water-retaining effect and fertilizer slow release of water-retaining agent of the present invention Effect；Tea shoot survival rate is 95% or more, and than 10% or more the high survival rate of conventional method, planting effect is good.
Tea shoot traditional cultivation method manages and protects work according to weed growth and the development of seedling growth situation, need to put into labour 5100 yuan/mu.Tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method of the invention, puts into situation are as follows: degradable films and suppression meadow cloth cost 800 yuan/mu, manage and protect 2500 yuan/mu of (weeding, fertilising, water drenching) cost, and two cost inputs amount to 3300 yuan/mu and therefore adopt With tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method of the invention, First Year can save 1800 yuan/mu, and the labor intensity put into is more traditional Implantation methods are low；Second year, third year growth of tea plant it is vigorous, weeds quantity can be controlled in growth belt, suppression meadow cloth can will In the ranks land cover pattern, weeding labour put into than traditional cultivation method reduction 80% tea.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
(1) site preparation: tea row is opened up wasteland according to wide row space 1.3-1.5m, growth belt depth is 40-50cm, width 40-50cm；
(2) it injection base fertilizer: after organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and surface soil are uniformly mixed, is sprinkled into growth belt, is planted according to duplicate rows Growth belt is carried out smooth；The group of the water-retaining agent becomes plant ash, diatomite, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylic acid potassium and tea Saponin；
(3) tea shoot is colonized: select the excellent tea tree seedling of no disease and pests harm to be planted, it is double according to Chinese character pin-shaped specification on growth belt Capable plantation tea shoot, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, small line-spacing 35-40cm carry out cutting back and drench to determine root enough after the completion of plantation to tea shoot Water；
(4) overlay film and suppression meadow cloth: translucent degradable films are covered after the completion of plantation on growth belt, are existed according to plantation specification Implantation hole is opened on film, to expose tea shoot；Then suppression meadow cloth is in the ranks covered in tea；
(5) field management: weed growth situation in plantation pocket exposed on growth belt is inspected periodically, is weeded out the rank grass；Check film Interior soil moisture content situation, irregular water drenching.
2. tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the composition of the organic fertilizer, It in parts by weight, is decomposed poultry-dung 10-20 parts, stalk 10-20 parts decomposed, 5-10 parts of the Seed of Camellia Sinensis dregs of rice, decomposed camphor tree branches and leaves 5-10 parts, yellow 5-10 parts of humic acid, lemon-grass extraction residue 5-10 parts, 5-10 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-7 parts, 5-7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3-5 parts of calcium and magnesium silicon powder, 3-5 parts of amino acid, 0.3-0.8 parts of heteroauxin, carbendazim can wet-milling 8-12 parts of agent.
3. tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in parts by weight, institute State water-retaining agent group become plant ash 5-10 parts, 3-5 parts of diatomite, 1-3 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan, 1-3 parts of polyacrylic acid potassium and 1-2 parts of Tea Saponin.
4. tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the water-retaining agent further includes boiling Mountain flour, talcum powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium humate；Dosage is zeolite powder 3-5 parts, 3-5 parts of talcum powder, carboxymethyl cellulose 1-3 parts and potassium humate 1-3 parts.
5. tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer Dosage is 400-420kg/ mus, and the dosage of the water-retaining agent is 5-7kg/ mus.
6. the early stage of tea place described in -4 light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the time of tea shoot field planting is Annual March November to next year.
7. the early stage of tea place described in -4 light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant height of the tea shoot 25cm or more, stem thickness 0.2cm or more.
8. the early stage of tea place described in -4 light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cutting back are as follows: The stalk for cutting off tea shoot 1/3-1/2 is greater than 5cm for area3Blade cut off the 1/3-1/2 of whole blade.
9. the early stage of tea place described in -4 light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that covering suppression meadow cloth is specific Are as follows: it is covered on tea in the ranks vacant exposed ground using suppression meadow cloth, suppression meadow cloth edge is covered on growth belt film On, then at least 5cm Chong Die with growth belt film is fixed using suppression meadow cloth nail.
10. the early stage of tea place described in -4 light simplified cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the implantation hole it is straight Diameter is 7-10cm.
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CN113575252A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-11-02 广州甘蔗糖业研究所海南甘蔗育种场 Planting method of banana parents and integrated drip irrigation system thereof

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