CN113575252A - Planting method of banana parents and integrated drip irrigation system thereof - Google Patents

Planting method of banana parents and integrated drip irrigation system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113575252A
CN113575252A CN202110855403.4A CN202110855403A CN113575252A CN 113575252 A CN113575252 A CN 113575252A CN 202110855403 A CN202110855403 A CN 202110855403A CN 113575252 A CN113575252 A CN 113575252A
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banana
parent
drip irrigation
fertilizer
disinfectant
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Inventor
吴建涛
邱永生
谢静
王勤南
邱永安
吴悟群
李朝杰
孙定豪
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Guangzhou Sugarcane Sugar Research Institute Hainan Sugarcane Breeding Field
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Guangzhou Sugarcane Sugar Research Institute Hainan Sugarcane Breeding Field
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
    • A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A01N59/20—Copper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/24—Cyanogen or compounds thereof, e.g. hydrogen cyanide, cyanic acid, cyanamide, thiocyanic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/38—Trichoderma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants

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Abstract

The invention relates to a banana parent planting method and an integrated drip irrigation system thereof, and relates to the technical field of planting. The banana parent planting method adopts a banana parent root cleaning agent, a banana parent soil disinfectant, a banana parent water source disinfectant and a banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer to carry out drip irrigation cultivation by an integrated drip irrigation system; the banana parent soil disinfectant comprises ammonium polyacrylate, potassium humate, carbendazim, trichoderma harzianum, silicon fertilizer and lime nitrogen, and the banana parent water source disinfectant comprises sodium hypochlorite, alum, copper sulfate and lime. By adopting the drip irrigation system, the cleaning agent, the disinfectant and the drip irrigation fertilizer to be matched, the banana parent infected diseases can be controlled, germs in soil and irrigation water can be killed, the disease incidence rate of bananas is reduced, the fertilizer is applied accurately, and the water and fertilizer requirements of the banana parent are met.

Description

Planting method of banana parents and integrated drip irrigation system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a banana parent planting method and an integrated drip irrigation system thereof.
Background
Bananas are the second largest fruit in the world, second only to citrus fruits, and China is the third largest banana producing country in the world. Most of the currently planted banana varieties are triploid, the pollen is highly sterile, and the work progress of banana crossbreeding is slow. Banana diseases, particularly blight, have great influence on the yield and quality of bananas, the banana wilt is also called banana panama disease or banana yellow leaf disease, is caused by fusarium oxysporum cubeba specialization type, is a worldwide banana destructive disease, and can reduce the content of pathogenic bacteria through chemical reagents, biological control and the like, but can not completely control the occurrence of the disease.
In recent years, breeders have introduced many excellent parental resources from international banana germplasm pools and the like, which are the basis of banana crossbreeding. The banana parent is a precious germplasm resource, is a gene source of banana varieties, has higher genetic diversity for disease resistance, and can bring destructive loss once diseases are infected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a banana parent planting method and an integrated drip irrigation system thereof. The banana parent planting method and the integrated drip irrigation system thereof can control the infection diseases of the banana parent, promote the banana seedling to take root, control the incidence rate of the banana diseases by killing germs in soil and irrigation water sources, simultaneously meet the water and fertilizer requirements of the banana parent and realize accurate fertilization.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a banana parent planting method which is characterized in that an integrated drip irrigation system is adopted for carrying out drip irrigation cultivation by adopting a banana parent root cleaning agent, a banana parent soil disinfectant, a banana parent water source disinfectant and a banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer; the banana parent soil disinfectant comprises ammonium polyacrylate, potassium humate, carbendazim, trichoderma harzianum, silicon fertilizer and lime nitrogen, and the banana parent water source disinfectant comprises sodium hypochlorite, alum, copper sulfate and lime. By adopting the drip irrigation system, the cleaning agent, the disinfectant and the drip irrigation fertilizer to be matched, the banana parent infected diseases can be controlled, germs in soil and irrigation water can be killed, the fertilizer can be applied accurately, and the water and fertilizer requirements of the banana parent can be met. Meanwhile, because the banana vascular wilt is a soil sexually transmitted disease, the banana parent soil disinfectant and the banana parent water source disinfectant formed by adopting the raw materials can disinfect soil and irrigation water sources for planting banana parents through diseased seedlings, diseased soil and running water transmission, so that germs in the soil and the irrigation water sources can be killed, and the disease occurrence rate of bananas is reduced.
In one embodiment, the banana parent soil disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003183906720000011
Figure BDA0003183906720000021
the carbendazim is carbendazim wettable powder with the mass percent of more than or equal to 25 percent and less than or equal to 80 percent, and the effective viable count (cfu) of the trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g;
the banana parent water source disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003183906720000022
the soil disinfectant and the water source disinfectant are formed by adopting the raw materials according to the weight part ratio, so that germs in soil and irrigation water can be killed quickly, the soil is improved, and the water quality is improved. The polyacrylamide is a water-soluble high polymer, is safe, environment-friendly, nontoxic and tasteless, has the functions of water retention, fertilizer retention, heat preservation and the like, can improve the soil structure, can rapidly absorb 500 times of water content of 400-fold, absorbs and stores the water content to form a 'micro reservoir', releases the water content for plants to utilize in the dry weather, and has the water retention of 12-15kg/cm2The retained water does not flow and leak, the external physical pressure resistance is strong, the water can be easily absorbed and utilized by the plant root system, and the water retaining effect is optimal when 5-8 parts of polyacrylamide is contained in the conditioner. The potassium humate can activate hardened soil, enhance physiological metabolism of bananas, and enhance the development of root systems and stem and leaf flourishing. Trichoderma harzianum, calx nitrogen and the like can have antagonism with fusarium oxysporum. The silicon fertilizer can improve the resistance of crops to diseases and insect pests, activate beneficial microorganisms and improve soil. The sodium hypochlorite, the alum, the copper sulfate and the lime can kill germs in the water source. According to their own defenceDisease effect, the respective weight part ratio of the banana parent soil disinfectant is determined.
In one embodiment, the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer comprises: compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6-benzylamino adenine, thiophanate methyl, gibberellin, silicon fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.
The banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer formed by adopting the raw materials can meet the nutritional requirements of the banana parent in the growth process.
In one embodiment, the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003183906720000023
the purity of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 85-99%, the purity of the 6-benzylamino adenine is 85-99%, and the thiophanate methyl wettable powder is 50-90% by mass.
The banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer formed by the raw materials with the weight ratio and the purity has the advantages of promoting the growth of banana parents and improving the flowering and heading rate of bananas. The compound sodium nitrophenolate is a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator, a fertilizer and a bactericide synergist, can quickly permeate into a plant body, promotes the protoplasm flow of cells, improves the cell activity, accelerates the growth and development of the plant, promotes the roots and the seedlings, improves the yield, enhances the stress resistance and the like. 6-benzylamino adenine is cytokinin, promotes plant cell growth, inhibits the degradation of plant chlorophyll, improves the content of amino acid, delays leaf senescence and the like. Thiophanate methyl is a broad-spectrum systemic low-toxicity fungicide and can prevent and treat various diseases such as cowpea gray mold, anthracnose, sclerotinia, and the like. Gibberellin is a very important plant hormone, and can accelerate the elongation of cells and promote the growth, flowering and fruiting of banana parents. According to the respective application effect, the weight part ratio of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is determined.
In one embodiment, the banana parent root cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of carbendazim
1-2 parts of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate
1-2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate
The carbendazim is carbendazim wettable powder with the mass percent of more than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 80%, and the purity of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 85% -99%.
The banana parent root cleaning agent is formed by adopting the raw materials with the weight parts and the purity, and the roots of the acclimatized seedlings in the bag are cleaned, so that the banana parent infection diseases can be controlled from the source, and the banana seedlings can be promoted to root.
In one embodiment, the banana parent planting method comprises the following steps:
seedling culture: taking a tissue culture seedling as a seedling, after rooting, hardening the seedling in a bag, cleaning the root of the seedling by using the cleaning agent for the root of the banana parent, and growing the seedling;
soil disinfection: spraying the banana parent soil disinfectant to soil;
and (3) sterilizing irrigation water: applying the banana parent water source disinfectant to irrigation water;
and (3) drip irrigation planting: carrying out drip irrigation planting on the banana parent by using an integrated drip irrigation system;
covering the banana garden: covering the roots of the banana parents and the soil with plastic woven cloth.
In one embodiment, in the soil disinfection step, the dosage of the banana parent soil disinfectant is 100-200 kg/mu; in the step of sterilizing the irrigation water, the dosage of the banana parent water source disinfectant is 0.1-1 g/L; in the drip irrigation planting step, the dosage of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is 50-200 kg/mu.
The seedling raising steps can strictly control the seedling raising of the banana parent, and the infection diseases of the banana parent can be controlled from the source; by adopting the soil disinfection and irrigation water disinfection steps, the soil and irrigation water source for planting banana parents can be disinfected, germs in the soil and irrigation water source can be killed, and then the disease incidence rate of bananas is reduced; by adopting the drip irrigation planting, the fertilizer can be applied accurately, and the nutrition required by the growing period of the bananas can be sufficiently and accurately conveyed to the roots; the step of covering the banana garden is adopted, so that water can be preserved, and grass can be prevented.
The invention also provides an integrated drip irrigation system in the banana parent planting method, which comprises the following steps: a main pipeline, a distribution unit and an irrigation unit;
one end of the main pipeline is used for connecting a water source, and the other end of the main pipeline is connected with the distribution unit and the irrigation unit;
the distribution unit comprises an input pipe, a dilution and mixing device and an output assembly, wherein the input pipe is communicated with the main pipe and the dilution and mixing device, and the output assembly is communicated with the dilution and mixing device and the main pipe;
irrigation unit, including the small transfer line, drip irrigation the pipe, the small transfer line is connected and is driped irrigation the pipe, it is equipped with a plurality of drip irrigation holes on the pipe to drip irrigation, drip irrigation the pipe and lay on banana parent next door, just drip irrigation hole and plant the ranks extending direction setting along banana parent.
By adopting the system, the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer can be applied in a matched manner, the sterilized water in the water source is introduced into the distribution unit, the fertilizer application and irrigation are combined, the drip irrigation fertilizer and the sterilized irrigation water can be uniformly and accurately conveyed to the root of the banana parent, germs in the water source can be killed, the disease incidence rate of bananas can be controlled, the water and fertilizer requirements of the banana parent can be met, and the accurate fertilizer application can be realized.
In one embodiment, the input pipe is provided with an input switch, the diluting and mixing device further comprises a storage box, a dosing port, a mixing component and an output port, and the output component is provided with an output switch; the output assembly comprises an output hose and an output pipe, the output hose is communicated with the output port through a first hose nut, and the output hose is communicated with the output pipe through a second hose nut and an external thread; the branch pipeline is provided with a branch pipeline switch, and the drip irrigation pipe is provided with a drip irrigation switch.
By adopting the arrangement, the input switch and the output switch can be turned on to introduce water and dilute the drip irrigation fertilizer when needed; when the water supply device is not needed, the input switch and the output switch are closed, and only water is accurately supplemented to the banana parents through the irrigation unit. Adopt above-mentioned subassembly to constitute and dilute mixing arrangement, the storage box can hold leading-in water and drip irrigation fertile, adds the medicine mouth and is convenient for add as required and drip irrigation fertile, and mixing assembly dilutes mixed water and drips irrigation fertile. By adopting the branch pipe switch and the drip irrigation switch, the additive application amount of each irrigation unit can be adjusted as required, and meanwhile, the additive application amount of each banana parent can be accurately adjusted.
In one embodiment, a water pump is arranged at one end of the main pipeline close to a water source, and a filter and an exhaust valve are arranged at one end of the main pipeline close to the irrigation unit; the main pipeline is communicated with the input pipe through an input T-shaped pipeline tee joint, and the output assembly is communicated with the main pipeline through a reducing straight joint and an output T-shaped pipeline tee joint.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the planting method of the banana parents, the roots of the hardened and planted plants in the bag are cleaned by the banana parent root cleaning agent, so that not only can the infection diseases of the banana parents be controlled from the source, but also the rooting of the banana seedlings can be promoted; meanwhile, because the banana vascular wilt is a soil sexually transmitted disease, through diseased seedling, diseased soil and running water transmission, the banana parent soil disinfectant and the banana parent water source disinfectant are adopted to disinfect the soil and irrigation water sources for planting the banana parents, so that germs in the soil and the irrigation water sources are killed, and the disease occurrence rate of bananas is further reduced. According to the growth requirements of the banana parents, the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is designed and formed, and the nutritional requirements in the growth process are met. The integrated drip irrigation system combines fertilization and irrigation, and drip irrigation fertilizer can be uniformly and accurately conveyed to the roots of banana parents together with sterilized irrigation water, so that germs in a water source can be killed, the disease incidence rate of bananas can be controlled, the water and fertilizer requirements of the banana parents can be met, and accurate fertilization can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the integrated drip irrigation system of the present embodiment;
wherein 100 is a water pump, 200 is a main pipe, 300 is a dispensing unit, 400 is a filter, 500 is an exhaust valve, 610 branch pipes, 620 branch pipe switches, 630 is drip irrigation switches, and 640 is drip irrigation pipes.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dispensing unit 300 according to the present embodiment;
wherein 310 is an input tee to tee, 320 is an input switch, 330 is an input pipe, 340 is a dilution mixing device, 341 is an output port, 351 is a first hose nut, 352 is an output hose, 353 is a second hose nut, 354 is an external tooth through, 355 is an output pipe, 360 is an output switch, 356 is a reducing through, and 370 is an output tee.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "coupled" to another element, it can be directly coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Defining:
silicon fertilizer: the medium element fertilizer can be used as a fertilizer for providing nutrients, can be used as a soil conditioner for improving soil, and has the functions of preventing diseases, preventing insects and reducing toxicity.
Carbendazim: it is a broad-spectrum fungicide with control effect for diseases of several crops due to fungi (such as adelomycete and polyascomycete).
Wettable powder: the active compound, the filler, the surfactant and other auxiliary agents are mixed and crushed together to obtain a fine dry agent.
Thiophanate methyl: it is a broad-spectrum systemic low-toxicity fungicide with systemic, preventing and curing action.
Lime nitrogen: is a mixture of calcium cyanamide, calcium oxide and other insoluble impurities, is gray black, has special odor, and is an alkaline fertilizer.
Alum: the potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate is an inorganic substance with a chemical formula of KAl (SO)4)2·12H2O, a double salt of potassium sulfate and aluminum sulfate containing crystal water, is soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Lime: is quicklime obtained by heating and calcining limestone, and hydrated product thereof, namely, calcium hydroxy-limestone, or mixture thereof.
And (3) potassium fertilizer: the potassium fertilizer is a fertilizer taking potassium as a main nutrient, and mainly comprises potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, potassium epsom, monopotassium phosphate (monopotassium phosphate) and the like.
Effective viable count: refer to the definition and calculation mode in the national standard GB 20287-2006 agricultural microbial agent.
Reagents and materials used in the present example are all commercially available sources unless otherwise specified; unless otherwise specified, all the experimental methods are routine in the art.
Example 1
A planting method of banana parents.
1. Preparing the banana parent root cleaning agent.
The banana parent root cleaning agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 1 part of alpha-sodium naphthaleneacetate, 1 part of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2000 parts of water and mixing to obtain the bactericide.
2. And (5) seedling raising.
Selecting a tissue culture seedling as a seedling, taking an aseptic bud as an explant, hardening the seedling in a bag for 1 week under the condition of natural illumination after induced culture, propagation culture and rooting culture, cleaning the root of the plant by using the cleaning agent for the root of the banana parent, and transplanting the plant to a sunshade for indoor pot culture. Removing the sunshade to perform outdoor potted seedling culture when the seedlings have 5-6 true leaves; transplanting the seedlings to a field for planting when the seedlings have 8-10 leaves.
3. Preparing a banana parent soil disinfectant and a banana parent water source disinfectant.
The banana parent soil disinfectant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of ammonium polyacrylate, 90 parts of potassium humate, 3 parts of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 30 parts of trichoderma harzianum (the number of effective viable bacteria (cfu) is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g), 10 parts of silicon fertilizer and 10 parts of lime nitrogen.
The banana parent water source disinfectant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: sodium hypochlorite 1 part, alum 2 parts, copper sulfate 1 part and lime 2 parts.
4. And (5) disinfecting soil.
Cleaning residues, broadcasting 100kg of banana parent soil disinfectant per mu, turning over the land, raking, irrigating, flooding, covering with a thin film, closing the air, and uncovering the film for airing.
5. And (5) disinfecting irrigation water.
Building a reservoir, paving an impermeable membrane, pumping a deep well for storing water, and applying a banana parent water source disinfectant for disinfection, wherein the application amount of the disinfectant is 0.5 g/L.
6. And (4) preparing the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer.
The banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6 parts of 99% 6-benzylamino adenine, 4 parts of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 10 parts of gibberellin (GA3), 1500 parts of soluble compound fertilizer, 10 parts of silicon fertilizer and 100 parts of potassium fertilizer.
7. And planting the banana parents by adopting an integrated drip irrigation system.
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated drip irrigation system comprises: a main pipe 200, a dispensing unit 300 and an irrigation unit;
one end of the main pipeline 200 is used for connecting a water source, and the other end of the main pipeline is connected with a distribution unit and an irrigation unit;
the dispensing unit comprises an input pipe 330, a dilution and mixing device 340 and an output assembly, wherein the input pipe 330 is communicated with the main pipe 200 and the dilution and mixing device 340, and the output assembly is communicated with the dilution and mixing device 340 and the main pipe 200;
irrigation unit, including the small transfer line 610, drip irrigation pipe 640, the small transfer line 610 is connected trunk line 200 and is driped irrigation pipe 640, it is equipped with a plurality of drip irrigation holes on the pipe 640 to drip irrigation, drip irrigation pipe 640 lays next door at the banana parent, just drip irrigation hole along the banana parent planting ranks extending direction setting.
The input pipe 330 is provided with an input switch 320, the diluting and mixing device 340 further comprises a storage box, a dosing port, a mixing component and an output port 341, and the output component is provided with an output switch 360. The output assembly includes an output hose 352 and an output tube 355, the output hose 352 is communicated with the output port 341 through a first hose nut 351, and the output hose 352 is communicated with the output tube 355 through a second hose nut 353 and an external thread through 354.
A branch pipe switch 620 is arranged on the branch pipe 610, and a drip irrigation switch 630 is arranged on the drip irrigation pipe 640.
The main pipeline 200 is provided with a water pump 100 near one end of the water source, and the main pipeline 200 is provided with a filter 400 and an exhaust valve 500 near one end of the irrigation unit.
The main pipeline 200 is communicated with the input pipe 330 through an input T-shaped pipeline tee 310, and the output assembly is communicated with the main pipeline 200 through a reducing straight-through 356 and an output T-shaped pipeline tee 370.
In this embodiment, output hose 352 is a bellows hose, first hose nut 351 is a bellows hose nut, second hose nut 353 is a bellows hose nut, and output tube 355 is an output wand.
When the water dilution and mixing device is used, the second hose screw cap 353 of the output hose 352 in the dilution and mixing device 340 is communicated, the input switch 320 is opened, the water pump 100 is started to pump water in a water source into a storage tank of the dilution and mixing device 340, and the input switch 320 is closed after the storage tank is filled with the water. According to the requirement of soil disinfection, the drip irrigation fertilizer is put into the dilution mixing device 340 through the pesticide adding port and is fully mixed. The output switch 360 is controlled to adjust the appropriate flow rate and speed, and the diluted drip irrigation fertilizer is delivered to the drip irrigation pipe 640 for drip irrigation.
After the operation is completed, the outlet 351 of the dilution and mixing device 340 may be disconnected from the second hose nut 353 of the output hose 352, and the dilution and mixing device 340 may be removed.
In this embodiment, the dilution and mixing device is a sprayer or a nebulizer.
And planting banana parents by adopting the integrated drip irrigation system, determining the fertilization time and the fertilization amount according to the growth vigor of the banana parents, and applying 100kg of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer per mu.
8. Covering the banana garden.
The banana garden is fully covered by the plastic woven cloth, and the plastic woven cloth is paved above the drip irrigation pipe.
Example 2
A planting method of banana parents.
1. Preparing the banana parent root cleaning agent.
The banana parent root cleaning agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 2 parts of alpha-sodium naphthaleneacetate, 1 part of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 2600 parts of water and mixing to obtain the bactericide.
2. And (5) seedling raising.
Selecting a tissue culture seedling as a seedling, taking an aseptic bud as an explant, hardening the seedling in a bag for 1 week under the condition of natural illumination after induced culture, propagation culture and rooting culture, cleaning the root of the plant by using the cleaning agent for the root of the banana parent, and transplanting the plant to a sunshade for indoor pot culture. Removing the sunshade to perform outdoor potted seedling culture when the seedlings have 5-6 true leaves; transplanting the seedlings to a field for planting when the seedlings have 8-10 leaves.
3. Preparing a banana parent soil disinfectant and a banana parent water source disinfectant.
The banana parent soil disinfectant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of ammonium polyacrylate, 96 parts of potassium humate, 2 parts of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 40 parts of trichoderma harzianum (the number of effective viable bacteria (cfu) is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g), 20 parts of silicon fertilizer and 20 parts of lime nitrogen.
The banana parent water source disinfectant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of sodium hypochlorite, 1 part of alum, 2 parts of copper sulfate and 4 parts of lime.
4. And (5) disinfecting soil.
Cleaning residues, broadcasting 150kg of banana parent soil disinfectant per mu, turning over the land, raking, irrigating, covering with a thin film, closing the air, and uncovering the film for airing.
5. And (5) disinfecting irrigation water.
Building a reservoir, paving an impermeable membrane, pumping a deep well for storing water, and applying a banana parent water source disinfectant for disinfection, wherein the application amount of the disinfectant is 0.8 g/L.
6. And (4) preparing the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer.
The banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 5 parts of 99% 6-benzylamino adenine, 3 parts of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 15 parts of gibberellin (GA3), 1500 parts of soluble compound fertilizer, 15 parts of silicon fertilizer and 150 parts of potassium fertilizer. The soluble compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the total nutrient of more than or equal to 45 percent and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 15 to 15 percent.
7. And planting the banana parents by adopting an integrated drip irrigation system.
The integrated drip irrigation system is adopted to use the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer, the fertilizing time and the fertilizing amount are determined according to the growth vigor of the banana parent, and 150kg is applied per mu. The integrated drip irrigation system is the same as in example 1.
8. Covering the banana garden.
The banana garden is fully covered by the plastic woven cloth, and the plastic woven cloth is paved above the drip irrigation pipe.
Comparative example 1
A planting method of banana parents.
1. And (5) seedling raising.
Selecting a tissue culture seedling as a seedling, taking an aseptic bud as an explant, hardening the seedling in a bag for 1 week under the condition of natural illumination after induced culture, propagation culture and rooting culture, flushing a plant root culture medium by using 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution, and transplanting the seedling to a sunshade for indoor pot culture. And (5) removing the sunshade after the seedlings have 5-6 true leaves, and performing outdoor potted seedling culture. Transplanting the seedlings to a field for planting when the seedlings have 8-10 leaves.
2. And (5) disinfecting soil.
Cleaning residues, spreading 50kg of quicklime per mu, turning over the land, raking, irrigating, covering with a thin film, sealing, uncovering the film and airing.
3. And cleaning irrigation water.
Building a reservoir, laying an impermeable membrane, pumping deep water well for water storage, and sterilizing without applying disinfectant.
4. And (5) planting banana parents.
The method adopts a common compound fertilizer, wherein the common compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the total nutrient of more than or equal to 45 percent and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 15 to 15 percent, and the using amount per mu is 200 kg.
Determining fertilizing time, fertilizing amount and irrigation amount according to growth vigor of banana parents, and performing water and fertilizer irrigation by adopting a conventional mode, wherein the conventional irrigation mode is spray irrigation, a water pump provides power, a spraying belt pipe is a low-density polyethylene pipe with the specification of N40
5. And (4) processing the banana garden.
The plastic woven cloth is not covered.
Comparative example 2
A planting method of banana parents.
1. And (5) seedling raising.
The procedure of growing the seedlings was the same as in comparative example 1.
2. Soil disinfection
The soil disinfection was the same as in comparative example 1.
3. And cleaning irrigation water.
Building a reservoir, paving an impermeable membrane, pumping a deep well to store water, and applying quicklime for sterilization, wherein the using amount is 0.5 g/L.
4. And (4) preparing the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer.
The ratio of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is the same as that of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer in the embodiment 1.
5. And planting the banana parents by adopting an integrated drip irrigation system.
The usage amount of the drip irrigation fertilizer and the integrated drip irrigation system are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
6. Covering the banana garden.
The banana garden is fully covered by the plastic woven cloth, and the plastic woven cloth is paved above the drip irrigation pipe.
Comparative example 3
A planting method of banana parents.
1. Preparing the banana parent root cleaning agent.
The ratio of the banana parent root cleaning agent is the same as that of the banana parent root cleaning agent in the embodiment 1.
2. Seedling raising
The procedure for growing seedlings was the same as in example 1.
3. Preparing a banana parent soil disinfectant and a banana parent water source disinfectant.
The raw material ratio of the banana parent soil disinfectant and the banana parent water source disinfectant is the same as that of the banana parent soil disinfectant and the banana parent water source disinfectant in the example 1.
4. Soil disinfection and irrigation water cleaning
The soil disinfection and irrigation water cleaning procedures and amounts were the same as in example 1.
5. And (4) preparing the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer.
The banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2000 parts of soluble compound fertilizer, 15 parts of silicon fertilizer and 150 parts of potassium fertilizer. The feasible compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the total nutrient of more than or equal to 45 percent and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 15 to 15 percent.
5. And planting the banana parents by adopting an integrated drip irrigation system.
The usage amount of the drip irrigation fertilizer and the integrated drip irrigation system are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
6. Covering the banana garden.
The procedure for covering plantain plantains was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
A planting method of banana parents.
1. Preparing the banana parent root cleaning agent.
The ratio of the banana parent root cleaning agent is the same as that of the banana parent root cleaning agent in the embodiment 1.
2. Seedling raising
The procedure for growing seedlings was the same as in example 1.
3. Preparing a banana parent soil disinfectant and a banana parent water source disinfectant.
The raw material ratio of the banana parent soil disinfectant and the banana parent water source disinfectant is the same as that of the banana parent soil disinfectant and the banana parent water source disinfectant in the example 1.
4. Soil disinfection and irrigation water cleaning
The soil disinfection and irrigation water cleaning procedures and amounts were the same as in example 1.
5. And (4) preparing the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer.
The raw material ratio of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is the same as that of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer in the embodiment 1.
5. And planting the banana parents by adopting a conventional irrigation mode.
The conventional irrigation mode is spray irrigation, the water pump provides power, and the spraying belt pipe is a low-density polyethylene pipe with the specification of N40.
The amount of the drip irrigation fertilizer used was the same as in example 1.
6. Covering the banana garden.
The procedure for covering plantain plantains was the same as in example 1.
Examples of the experiments
1. The results using the banana parent in the methods of examples 1, 2 and comparative examples 1-4 are shown in the table below.
TABLE 1 test results of the banana parent planting method of the present invention
Figure BDA0003183906720000101
The results show that: by adopting the planting method, the average bud extraction rate and the average seed taking amount of each plant are obviously improved, and the morbidity, the fertilizer and the labor cost are obviously reduced. The planting method is suitable for banana parent breeding and special requirements of field growth and management, and can greatly promote banana crossbreeding.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A banana parent planting method is characterized in that an integrated drip irrigation system is adopted for carrying out drip irrigation cultivation by adopting a banana parent root cleaning agent, a banana parent soil disinfectant, a banana parent water source disinfectant and a banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer; the banana parent soil disinfectant comprises ammonium polyacrylate, potassium humate, carbendazim, trichoderma harzianum, silicon fertilizer and lime nitrogen, and the banana parent water source disinfectant comprises sodium hypochlorite, alum, copper sulfate and lime.
2. The planting method of banana parent according to claim 1, wherein the banana parent soil disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003183906710000011
the carbendazim is carbendazim wettable powder with the mass percent of more than or equal to 25 percent and less than or equal to 80 percent, and the effective viable count (cfu) of the trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g;
the banana parent water source disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003183906710000012
3. the planting method of banana parent according to claim 1, wherein the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer comprises: compound sodium nitrophenolate, 6-benzylamino adenine, thiophanate methyl, gibberellin, silicon fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.
4. The planting method of the banana parent according to claim 3, wherein the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003183906710000013
the purity of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 85-99%, the purity of the 6-benzylamino adenine is 85-99%, and the thiophanate methyl wettable powder is 50-90% by mass.
5. The planting method of banana parent according to claim 1, wherein the banana parent root cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of carbendazim
1-2 parts of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate
1-2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate
The carbendazim is carbendazim wettable powder with the mass percent of more than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 80%, and the purity of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 85% -99%.
6. A method for planting banana parents according to any one of the claims 1-5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
seedling culture: taking a tissue culture seedling as a seedling, after rooting, hardening the seedling in a bag, cleaning the root of the seedling by using the cleaning agent for the root of the banana parent, and growing the seedling;
soil disinfection: spraying the banana parent soil disinfectant to soil;
and (3) sterilizing irrigation water: applying the banana parent water source disinfectant to irrigation water;
and (3) drip irrigation planting: carrying out drip irrigation planting on the banana parent by using an integrated drip irrigation system;
covering the banana garden: covering the roots of the banana parents and the soil with plastic woven cloth.
7. The method for planting banana parents as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step of soil disinfection, the amount of the banana parent soil disinfectant is 100-200 kg/mu; in the step of sterilizing the irrigation water, the dosage of the banana parent water source disinfectant is 0.1-1 g/L; in the drip irrigation planting step, the dosage of the banana parent drip irrigation fertilizer is 50-200 kg/mu.
8. An integrated drip irrigation system for use in a method for planting banana parents according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the system comprises: a main pipeline, a distribution unit and an irrigation unit;
one end of the main pipeline is used for connecting a water source, and the other end of the main pipeline is connected with the distribution unit and the irrigation unit;
the distribution unit comprises an input pipe, a dilution and mixing device and an output assembly, wherein the input pipe is communicated with the main pipe and the dilution and mixing device, and the output assembly is communicated with the dilution and mixing device and the main pipe;
irrigation unit, including the small transfer line, drip irrigation the pipe, the small transfer line is connected and is driped irrigation the pipe, it is equipped with a plurality of drip irrigation holes on the pipe to drip irrigation, drip irrigation the pipe and lay on banana parent next door, just drip irrigation hole and plant the ranks extending direction setting along banana parent.
9. The integrated drip irrigation system according to claim 7, wherein an input switch is provided on the input pipe, the dilution and mixing device further comprises a storage tank, a dosing port, a mixing assembly, and an output port, and an output switch is provided on the output assembly; the output assembly comprises an output hose and an output pipe, the output hose is communicated with the output port through a first hose nut, and the output hose is communicated with the output pipe through a second hose nut and an external thread; the branch pipeline is provided with a branch pipeline switch, and the drip irrigation pipe is provided with a drip irrigation switch.
10. The integrated drip irrigation system according to claim 7, wherein a water pump is provided at an end of the main pipe close to a water source, and a filter and an exhaust valve are provided at an end of the main pipe close to the irrigation unit; the main pipeline is communicated with the input pipe through an input T-shaped pipeline tee joint, and the output assembly is communicated with the main pipeline through a reducing straight joint and an output T-shaped pipeline tee joint.
CN202110855403.4A 2021-07-28 2021-07-28 Planting method of banana parents and integrated drip irrigation system thereof Pending CN113575252A (en)

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CN110249884A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-09-20 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of tea place early stage light simplified cultivation method
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102626024A (en) * 2012-04-02 2012-08-08 何寒 Method capable of realizing automatic water-fertilizer integrated fertigation in planting banana trees
CN102657012A (en) * 2012-05-20 2012-09-12 何寒 Cultivation management method for controlling banana wilt
CN105052472A (en) * 2015-08-03 2015-11-18 陈宝娟 A high-quality high-yield planting method for organic bananas
CN106396916A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 李明舵 Water-soluble biological organic fertilizer synergist as well as preparation method and application thereof
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CN109121907A (en) * 2018-08-28 2019-01-04 昆明理工大学 Cut down the implantation methods of notoginseng root rot under a kind of microspray irrigation fertilizer application condition
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