CN1101901A - 制造类陶瓷材料的方法及类陶瓷材料 - Google Patents
制造类陶瓷材料的方法及类陶瓷材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及制造类陶瓷材料的方法及类陶瓷材
料,该材料具有磁性能及吸收X—射线和硬辐射的
性能,也有很好的绝缘性能。该类陶瓷材料适用于建
筑工业。
Description
本发明涉及制造类陶瓷材料的方法及由此制造的适用于工业制品的类陶瓷材料,该材料具有磁性能及吸收X-射线和硬辐射的性能,也有很好的绝缘性能,由于这种材料的吸湿率很低,特别适用于建筑工业。
已公开了在含水体系中无机填料包括磷石膏与合成聚合物结合的各种方法。如在波兰专利第113573和147599号中已公开了制备用做地板或灰泥原材料的组合物。这些方法的缺点在于得到的产品相当脆和多孔,因此显示出很高的吸水性。另一方面,聚合过程进行得相当缓慢,这就不能利用挤压或注模的方式成型。在波兰专利申请第P.283240号中也公开了通过将废磷石膏与聚酯树脂结合,在含有促进剂、固化剂,需要时含有丙酮的无水体系中,制造类陶瓷塑料的方法。得到的材料由挤压或注模的方法可以加工成各种制品,该材料的特征在于具有高的机械强度以及低的吸水性和吸油性。
我们意外地发现,使用复合无机填料与不饱和聚酯树脂在无水体系中结合,可以制造具有特殊性能的类陶瓷材料。所说的复合无机填料由废磷石膏,特别是磷灰石衍生的磷石膏和其它无机化合物如金属氧化物或盐组成,由物理均化的粒度不超过25μm的组合物的形式。所制造的类陶瓷材料很容易由模压、浇注的方法成型,也能进行机械加工。向废磷石膏和一种不饱和聚酯树脂的组合物中加入一种产生CO2的物质,能制造出一种多孔的类陶瓷材料。
根据本发明,在无水体系中,通过无机填料与合成树脂结合,制造具有磁性能的类陶瓷材料的方法由两个阶段组成。在第一阶段,制备粒度最大为25μm的物理均化的干组合物。所说的干组合物含有磁铁矿和废磷石膏,优选的是由磷灰石衍生的磷石膏,其中磁铁矿与磷石膏的体积比为0.66-1.52∶1。磷石膏预先在不低于127℃的温度下,加热至少1小时。然后,在第二阶段,将50-240份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树酯,在连续搅拌下,于0.2-5.4小时之内加入至100份(体积)所制备的干组合物中。所说的不饱和聚酯树脂含有至多8%(体积)的促进剂如环烷酸钴。然后,加入至多23份(体积)的有机稀释剂如丙酮或苯乙烯,以维持组合物的粘度不高于4230mPa·s。再加入3-20份(体积)的固化剂,优选的是以浓度为20-40%(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液的形式,在聚合结束后,得到一种具有磁性能的类陶瓷材料。
根据本发明,含有无机填料,合成树脂和固化剂的具有磁性能的类陶瓷材料,每50份(体积)的磷石膏含有33-76份(体积)的磁铁矿,46-220份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树脂,至多0.4份(体积)的环烷酸钴,至多23份(体积)的丙酮或苯乙烯,和0.6-0.8份(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰,和2.4-12份(体积)的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。
根据本发明,在无水体系中,通过将无机填料与合成树脂结合,制造能有效吸收45-55KeV的X-射线和0.6-1.25MeV的硬辐射的类陶瓷材料的方法由两个阶段组成。在第一阶段,制备粒度最大为20μm的物理均化的干组合物。所说的干组合物含有废磷石膏,优选的是磷灰石衍生的磷石膏,该磷石膏预先在不低于177℃的温度下加热至少1.2小时,及形成玻璃氧化物。其中磷石膏与形成玻璃氧化物的体积比分别为1∶0.76-1.42。所说的形成玻璃氧化物主要含有81%(重量)的氧化铅,11.5%(重量)的二氧化硅,2.6%(重量)的氧化钡。在第二阶段,将50-240份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树脂,在连续搅拌下在至少10分钟内加入至100份(体积)的干组合物中。所说的不饱和聚酯树脂含有至多8%(体积)的促进剂如环烷酸钴。此后,如果需要,可加入1-15份(体积)的有机稀释剂如丙酮或苯乙烯,以维持原料组合物的粘度不高于4230mPa·s,然后,再加入2.8-21.3份(体积)的固化剂,优选的是以浓度为20-40%(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液的形式。在聚合终止以后,得到一种吸收射线的类陶瓷材料。用这种材料做成的厚度为25mm的板材,其特征在于能吸收45-55KeV的X-射线,作用与1.1mm厚的铅板类似,另外也能吸收0.6-1.25MeV的硬辐射,作用与6.5mm厚的铅板类似。
根据本发明,含有无机填料,合成树脂和固化剂的能吸收45-55KeV的X-射线和0.6-1.25MeV的硬辐射的类陶瓷材料,每50份(体积)的磷石膏含有38-76份(体积)的形成玻璃氧化物,46-220份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树脂,至多23份(体积)的丙酮或苯乙烯,0.6-8.0份(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰,2.4-12份(体积)的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。
根据本发明,通过向与合成树脂结合的无机填料中加入发泡剂以制造多孔类陶瓷材料的方法为将100份(体积)的废磷石膏,该废磷石膏预先在不低于172℃的温度下加热至少1.3小时,与60-270份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树脂结合,该不饱和聚酯树脂含有至多8%(体积)的促进剂如环烷酸钴,此外如果需要,还可加入至多12份(体积)的有机稀释剂如丙酮或苯乙烯,以维持组合物的粘度不高于4050mPa·s,然后加入3-25份(体积)的固化剂,优选的是以浓度为20-40%(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液的形式,再加入至多为干原料组合物30%(体积)的异氰酸丁酯和0.05-0.25%(体积)的水。
本发明的制造类陶瓷材料的方法,可以利用后产品磷石膏,这种磷石膏对自然环境常常是有害的废物。在另一方面,由于类陶瓷材料容易由注模以及浇注的方式成型,且类陶瓷材料具有很好的物理-化学性能,因此,在许多情况下,类陶瓷材料本身可以代替金属、塑料、玻璃、木材、混凝土。在固化以前及固化以后,用预聚合组合物作为粘合剂,类陶瓷材料能容易地与上述材料接合。此外,由本发明的类陶瓷材料制造的制品,许多情况下在已经用坏后,经预粉碎可作为填料重新使用。因此,本发明的类陶瓷材料有重新利用的价值。
通过以下实施例进一步描述本发明,但其并不构成对本发明范围的任何限制。
实施例Ⅰ
向0.5dm3的不饱和聚酯树脂中,在连续搅拌下加入0.7dm3的粒度至多16μm的干组合物。所说的组合物由60%(体积)的磁铁矿和40%(体积)的废磷石膏或磷灰石衍生的磷石膏组成。该磷石膏预先在217℃加热2.1小时。然后,加入0.001dm3的环烷酸钴,0.165dm3的苯乙烯,0.03dm3的浓度为30%的过氧化苯甲酰的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液。得到的组合物浇注到准备好的模具中,形成一种用于条形肥皂的磁盒的形状。
实施例Ⅱ
如实施例Ⅰ一样,不同的是所用干组合物的粒度至多10μm,该组合物含有体积相等的磷石膏和碎铅玻璃。得到的是一种流体组合物,该组合物用于涂覆浓缩放射性废物的离子交换器的外层立方体。
实施例Ⅲ
1dm3的不饱和聚酯树脂在连续搅拌下与1.4dm3粒度至多为12μm,预先在237℃下加热1.9小时的废磷石膏混合,然后,加入0.002dm3的环烷酸钴,0.33dm3的丙酮,0.07dm3的30%的过氧化环己酮的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液,0.4dm3的异氰酸丁酯,0.03dm3的水。得到的多孔组合物用做游艇和快艇船壳的绝缘层。
Claims (5)
1、通过使一种无机填料与合成树脂在无水系统中结合以制造具有磁性能的类陶瓷材料的方法,其特征在于,该方法分两阶段进行,第一阶段,制备粒度至多25μm的物理均化的干组合物,该组合物含废磷石膏,优选的是磷灰石衍生的磷石膏,和磁铁矿,其中磷石膏与磁铁矿的体积比为1∶0.62-1.52,所说的磷石膏预先在不低于177℃加热至少1小时,随后进行第二阶段,将100份(体积)干组合物在连续搅拌下,用0.2-48小时与不饱和聚酯树脂混合,其中不饱和聚酯树脂与干组合物的体积比为0.46-2.2∶1,然后加入以下成份:至多0.4份(体积)的促进剂如环烷酸钴,如果需要加入至多23份(体积)的有机稀释剂如丙酮或苯乙烯,以维持原组合物粘度不高于4230mPa·s,3-20份(体积)的固化剂,优选的是以浓度为20-40%(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液的形式。
2、含有无机填料,合成树脂和固化剂的具有磁性能的类陶瓷材料,其特征在于,每100份(体积)的磷石膏含有66-152份(体积)的磁铁矿,92-440份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树脂,0.4-0.8份(体积)的环烷酸钴,1.2-16份(体积)的过氧化苯甲酰或过氧化环己酮,4.8-24份(体积)的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,和至多46份(体积)的丙酮或苯乙烯。
3、通过将无机填料与合成树脂结合,制造能有效吸收45-55KeV的X-射线和0.6-1.25MeV硬辐射的类陶瓷材料的方法,其特征在于:该方法分两个阶段进行;第一阶段,制备粒度高达25μm的物理均化的干组合物,该组合物含有100份(体积)的废磷石膏,优选的是磷灰石衍生的磷石膏,该磷石膏预先在不低于177℃加热至少1.2小时,76-142份(体积)的形成玻璃氧化物,该形成玻璃氧化物主要由81%(重量)的氧化铅,11.5%(重量)的二氧化硅,2.6%(重量)的氧化钡组成;第二阶段,将100份(体积)的干组合物与不饱和聚酯树脂混合,其中不饱和聚酯树脂与干组合物的体积比为0.46-2.2∶1,然后加入至多0.4份(体积)的促进剂如环烷酸钴,如果需要,加入至多23份(体积)的有机稀释剂如丙酮或苯乙烯,以维持原料组合物的粘度不高于4230mPa·s,再加入3-20份(体积)的固化剂,优选的是以浓度为20-40%(体积)的过氧化苯甲酰或过氧化环己酮的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液的形式。
4、含有无机填料、合成树脂、固化剂,能有效吸收45-55KeV的X-射线和0.6-1.25MeV的硬辐射的类陶瓷材料,其特征在于:每100份(体积)的磷石膏含有76-142份(体积)的形成玻璃氧化物,92-440份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树脂,0.4-0.8份(体积)的环烷酸钴,1.2-16份(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰,4.8-24份(体积)的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,至多46份(体积)的丙酮或苯乙烯。
5、通过向与合成树脂结合的无机填料中加一种发泡剂,制造具有完全封闭孔隙的多孔类陶瓷材料的方法,其特征在于:向原料组合物中加入原料组合物体积的30%的异氰酸丁酯和0.05-0.15%的水,所说的原料组合物通过以下方式得到,将100份(体积)的废磷石膏,优选的是磷灰石衍生的磷石膏,该磷石膏预先在不低于172℃加热至少1.3小时,与60-270份(体积)的不饱和聚酯树脂结合,该不饱和聚酯树脂含有至多8%(体积)的促进剂如环烷酸钴,此外,如果需要加入至多12份(体积)的有机稀释剂如丙酮或苯乙烯,以维持组合物的粘度不高于4050mPa·s,随后加入3-25份(体积)的固化剂,优选的是以浓度为20-40%(体积)的过氧化环己酮或过氧化苯甲酰的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯溶液的形式。
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PL93299472A PL172616B1 (pl) | 1993-06-25 | 1993-06-25 | Sposób otrzymywania masy ceramicznopodobnej o wlasnosciach magnetycznych i masa ceramicznopodobna o wlasnosciach magnetycznych PL PL PL |
PL299472 | 1993-06-25 |
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CN1101901A true CN1101901A (zh) | 1995-04-26 |
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CN94106709A Pending CN1101901A (zh) | 1993-06-25 | 1994-06-20 | 制造类陶瓷材料的方法及类陶瓷材料 |
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US (1) | US5683616A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0705300B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH08511820A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR960703150A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1101901A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE163663T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU4765093A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9307874A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2166086A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ340695A3 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69317312T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0705300T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2115070T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI956140A (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT73406A (zh) |
IL (1) | IL110118A (zh) |
MA (1) | MA23235A1 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY130060A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO955284L (zh) |
PL (1) | PL172616B1 (zh) |
SK (1) | SK161495A3 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW273542B (zh) |
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Cited By (2)
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CN105314991A (zh) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-02-10 | 吴雯雯 | 一种制造高炉出铁砂口的结合剂的制备方法 |
CN110211762A (zh) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-06 | 珠海天基探测技术有限公司 | 一种电流互感器柔性软磁铁芯 |
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PL303058A1 (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-10-30 | Marceli Cyrkiewicz | Method of obtaining plastics of high chemical resistance and mechanical strength as well as plastics of high chemical resistance and mechanical strength |
WO1999041065A1 (en) | 1996-03-06 | 1999-08-19 | Compositech, Llc. | Thermoplastic articles made from recycled products and process for making |
DE69925638D1 (de) * | 1998-12-07 | 2005-07-07 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co | Harzgebundene magnet |
US6387172B1 (en) | 2000-04-25 | 2002-05-14 | United States Gypsum Company | Gypsum compositions and related methods |
CN102173736B (zh) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-12-19 | 武汉理工大学 | 地砖陶瓷及其制备方法 |
CN102211907B (zh) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-11-21 | 朱奎 | 防电磁辐射石膏板 |
CN105271945A (zh) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-27 | 广西钟山县中源石业有限公司 | 一种人造花岗石及制备方法 |
DE102021200091A1 (de) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-07-07 | Blanco Gmbh + Co Kg | Aushärtbare Gießmasse zur Herstellung von Kunststoffformteilen |
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US3873492A (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1975-03-25 | Japan Atomic Energy Res Inst | Gypsum compositions for gypsum-thermoplastic composite |
CA1062838A (en) * | 1975-04-30 | 1979-09-18 | Air Products And Chemicals | Cobaltic promoters in unsaturated polyester resin sheet molding and bulk molding compound |
US4153470A (en) * | 1975-10-15 | 1979-05-08 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for preparing foamed gypsum and constructional elements composed thereof |
JPS5836992A (ja) * | 1981-08-26 | 1983-03-04 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 表面仕上げ石こう材の製造方法 |
JPS5954658A (ja) * | 1982-09-24 | 1984-03-29 | 住友林業株式会社 | 発泡石膏板の成形方法 |
JPS6257456A (ja) * | 1985-09-07 | 1987-03-13 | Showa Highpolymer Co Ltd | 硬化可能な組成物 |
PL170519B1 (pl) * | 1990-01-09 | 1996-12-31 | Marceli Cyrkiewicz | Sposób wytwarzania masy ceramicznej z odpadów fosfogipsowych |
CA2084494C (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1997-06-24 | Peter Paul Roosen | Plasticised gypsum composition |
PL172625B1 (pl) * | 1993-06-25 | 1997-10-31 | Marceli Cyrkiewicz | Sposób otrzymywania masy ceramicznopodobnej i masa ceramicznopodobna PL PL |
PL303058A1 (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-10-30 | Marceli Cyrkiewicz | Method of obtaining plastics of high chemical resistance and mechanical strength as well as plastics of high chemical resistance and mechanical strength |
-
1993
- 1993-06-25 PL PL93299472A patent/PL172616B1/pl unknown
- 1993-08-12 WO PCT/PL1993/000012 patent/WO1995000583A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-08-12 BR BR9307874A patent/BR9307874A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-08-12 DK DK93918106T patent/DK0705300T3/da active
- 1993-08-12 US US08/564,204 patent/US5683616A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-12 EP EP19930918106 patent/EP0705300B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1993-08-12 CA CA 2166086 patent/CA2166086A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 1993-08-12 AT AT93918106T patent/ATE163663T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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1994
- 1994-06-20 CN CN94106709A patent/CN1101901A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105314991A (zh) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-02-10 | 吴雯雯 | 一种制造高炉出铁砂口的结合剂的制备方法 |
CN110211762A (zh) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-06 | 珠海天基探测技术有限公司 | 一种电流互感器柔性软磁铁芯 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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SK161495A3 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
IL110118A (en) | 1999-04-11 |
CA2166086A1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
DK0705300T3 (da) | 1998-12-07 |
US5683616A (en) | 1997-11-04 |
TW273542B (zh) | 1996-04-01 |
FI956140A0 (fi) | 1995-12-20 |
CZ340695A3 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
NO955284D0 (no) | 1995-12-22 |
EP0705300A1 (en) | 1996-04-10 |
PL299472A1 (en) | 1994-12-27 |
EP0705300B1 (en) | 1998-03-04 |
DE69317312D1 (de) | 1998-04-09 |
ES2115070T3 (es) | 1998-06-16 |
JPH08511820A (ja) | 1996-12-10 |
HUT73406A (en) | 1996-07-29 |
KR960703150A (ko) | 1996-06-19 |
DE69317312T2 (de) | 1998-06-18 |
AU4765093A (en) | 1995-01-17 |
FI956140A (fi) | 1995-12-20 |
PL172616B1 (pl) | 1997-10-31 |
NO955284L (no) | 1995-12-22 |
BR9307874A (pt) | 1996-08-06 |
IL110118A0 (en) | 1994-10-07 |
ATE163663T1 (de) | 1998-03-15 |
HU9503778D0 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
WO1995000583A1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
MY130060A (en) | 2007-05-31 |
MA23235A1 (fr) | 1994-12-31 |
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