CN110153566A - 半导体基板及其加工方法 - Google Patents

半导体基板及其加工方法 Download PDF

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CN110153566A
CN110153566A CN201810375374.XA CN201810375374A CN110153566A CN 110153566 A CN110153566 A CN 110153566A CN 201810375374 A CN201810375374 A CN 201810375374A CN 110153566 A CN110153566 A CN 110153566A
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谢庆堂
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Abstract

本发明揭露半导体基板的加工方法,该半导体基板具有载板及形成于该载板的多个线路,相邻的所述线路之间具有空间,该空间显露该载板的表面,该加工方法使用通过该空间的激光束蚀刻该载板,使该载板下凹形成多个沟槽,所形成的所述沟槽在后续制造过程中可提高流体(如封装胶体、导电胶体或防焊漆)的流动性,此外,在蚀刻该载板的同时,该激光束亦移除位于所述线路之间的残留物,以提高该半导体基板的良率。

Description

半导体基板及其加工方法
技术领域
本发明关于一种半导体基板及其加工方法,以激光束加工蚀刻载板,使载板表面形成可增加流体流动性的沟槽,以提高半导体基板良率。
背景技术
半导体封装技术随着终端电子产品的需求不断演进,其中为了满足产品需求,超精细间距(super fine pitch)线路为不可避免的发展趋势,然而封装制造过程中所使用的流体(如underfill或ACF)在超精细间距线路之间不易流动,因此难以均匀分布于基板表面,此外,由于线路间的间距非常狭窄,位于线路之间的异物于蚀刻制造过程中不易完整移除,且在移除异物过程中容易损害线路,使得封装结构良率难以显著提升。
发明内容
本发明的一目的在于提供一种加工方法,其用以加工半导体基板,该半导体基板具有载板及多个线路,所述线路形成于该载板的表面,且相邻的所述线路之间具有空间,该空间显露该表面,该加工方法的特征在于:以通过该空间的激光束蚀刻该载板,使多个沟槽下凹形成于该空间显露的该表面。
前述的加工方法,其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该深度不大于该厚度的二分之一。
前述的加工方法,其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该厚度介于20-40μm,该深度介于0.1-15μm之间。
前述的加工方法,其中各该线路的侧面及各该沟槽的槽侧壁之间具有连接界面,在该激光束蚀刻该载板时,该载板因局部熔融而产生熔融材,该熔融材凝固于该连接界面而形成保护层,该保护层覆盖该连接界面。
前述的加工方法,其中是以自动光学检查(Automated Optical Inspection)装置控制该激光束,使该激光束沿着该空间蚀刻该载板。
前述的加工方法,其中相邻的所述线路之间具有间距(pitch),该间距小于20μm。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种半导体基板,其包含载板及多个线路,该载板具有表面及多个沟槽,所述线路形成于该载板的该表面,且相邻的所述线路之间具有空间,该空间显露该表面,所述沟槽下凹形成于该空间显露的该表面,其中所述沟槽是由通过该空间的激光束蚀刻该载板所形成。
前述的半导体基板,其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该深度不大于该厚度的二分之一。
前述的半导体基板,其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该厚度介于20-40μm,该深度介于0.1-15μm之间。
前述的半导体基板,其中各该线路的侧面及各该沟槽的槽侧壁之间具有连接界面,在该激光束蚀刻该载板时,该载板因局部熔融而产生熔融材,该熔融材凝固于该连接界面而形成保护层,该保护层覆盖该连接界面。
前述的半导体基板,其中是以自动光学检查(Automated Optical Inspection)装置控制该激光束,使该激光束沿着该空间蚀刻该载板。
前述的半导体基板,其中相邻的所述线路之间具有间距(pitch),该间距小于20μm。
本发明的该加工方法使用该激光束蚀刻所述线路显露的该载板,使所述沟槽形成于所述线路之间,所述沟槽可增加后续制造过程中的流体流动性,因此可提高其封装结构的良率,此外,本发明的该加工方法可应用于超精细间距(super fine pitch)的半导体基板,精准地加工蚀刻该载板,以避免损害所述线路。
附图说明
图1:依据本发明的一实施例,一种半导体基板的立体图。
图2:依据本发明的一实施例,该半导体基板的侧视图。
图3:依据本发明的一实施例,一种加工方法的示意图。
图4:依据本发明的一实施例,该半导体基板的侧视图。
图5:依据本发明的一实施例,自动光学检查装置的方框图。
【主要元件符号说明】
100:半导体基板 110:载板
111:表面 112:沟槽
112a:槽侧壁 120:线路
121:侧面 130:保护层
200:自动光学检查装置 210:影像撷取单元
220:影像处理单元 230:控制单元
D1:间距 D2:厚度
D3:深度 L:激光束
I:连接界面 R:残留物
S:空间
具体实施方式
请参阅图1及图2,本发明的一种加工方法是用以加工半导体基板100,该半导体基板100具有载板110及多个线路120,所述线路120形成于该载板110的表面111,相邻的所述线路120之间具有空间S,该空间S显露该载板110的该表面111,在本实施例中,该载板110的材质为聚酰亚胺(Polyimide,PI),所述线路120的材质为铜,但本发明不以此为限制,该载板110的材质可为其他具可挠性的聚合物,所述线路120的材质可为其他合适的金属或合金。
请参阅图1及图2,所述线路120是经由图案化制造过程形成于该载板110,该图案化制造过程包含:(i)形成金属层于该载板110的该表面111;(ii)形成图案化光阻层于该金属层上,该图案化光阻层是由曝光显影光阻层所形成;(iii)以该图案化光阻层为遮罩蚀刻该金属层,以形成所述线路120,其中,相邻的所述线路120之间具有间距(pitch)D1,较佳地,该间距D1小于20μm。
请参阅图2,由于所述线路120之间的该间距D1过于狭窄,在线路图案化制造过程完成后,可能会有一些残留物R残留于所述线路120之间的该空间S中而难以移除,导致该半导体基板100的稳定性及良率不佳,该残留物R可能为金属、光阻或污染物等物质。
请参阅图3及图4,本发明的该加工方法是以通过该空间S的激光束L蚀刻该载板110,使得多个沟槽112下凹形成于该空间S显露的该表面111,所述沟槽112连通该空间S,因此在后续制造过程中,所述沟槽112可增加涂布于该半导体基板100上的流体流动性,使流体在该半导体基板100上均匀流动分布,其中流体包含封装胶体(Underfill)、导电胶体(Anisotropic Conductive Film,ACF)或防焊漆(Solder resist,SR)等。
该激光束L于蚀刻该载板110的同时,亦移除了位于该空间S的该残留物R,因此本发明借由单一制造过程即可同时达到加工该半导体基板100及移除异物的功效,以显著改善该半导体基板100的良率。
请参阅图4,该载板110具有厚度D2,该厚度D2为该载板110蚀刻前的厚度,所述沟槽112具有深度D3,该深度D3为该表面111至该沟槽112底面的最短距离,其中该深度D3不大于该厚度D2的二分之一,该厚度D2介于20-40μm,该深度D3介于0.1-15μm之间,较佳地,该深度D3不大于该厚度D2的三分之一,在本实施例中,该载板110的该厚度D2实质上等于35μm,所述沟槽112的该深度D3实质上等于10μm。
请参阅图4,各该线路120具有侧面121,该侧面121面向该空间S,各该沟槽112具有槽侧壁112a,该槽侧壁112a连接该侧面121,其中该侧面121及该槽侧壁112a之间具有连接界面I,在该激光束L蚀刻该载板110时,该激光束L的能量会造成该载板110局部熔融而产生熔融材,且该激光束L在该空间S移动的过程中,该熔融材会被喷溅至该连接界面I,使得该熔融材凝固于该连接界面I而形成保护层130,该保护层130覆盖该连接界面I,较佳地,该保护层130亦覆盖邻近该连接界面I的所述线路120的该侧面121,该保护层130用以避免所述线路120发生迁移现象,包含离子迁移(ionmigration)、金属迁移(metal migration)或电迁移(electromigration)。
请参阅图3至图5,在本实施例中,是使用自动光学检查装置200(AutomatedOptical Inspection,AOI)控制该激光束L,使该激光束L沿着该空间S蚀刻该载板110,该自动光学检查装置200包含影像撷取单元210、影像处理单元220及控制单元230,该影像撷取单元210及该影像处理单元220分别用以撷取及处理该半导体基板100的影像,该控制单元230根据该半导体基板100的影像分析所述线路120在该载板110上的分布,以取得该空间S在该载板110上的位置及该间距D1大小,且该控制单元230可根据该空间S位置及该间距D1大小调整该激光束L的位移及束径。
该控制单元230根据该空间S位置控制该激光束L的位移,使该激光束L沿着所述线路120之间的该空间S移动,以蚀刻该载板110,且该控制单元230可根据该间距D1大小控制该激光束L的束径,使该激光束L的束径不大于该间距D1,以避免该激光束L蚀刻所述线路120。
较佳地,该控制单元230亦可调整该激光束L的能量及移动速度,使所述沟槽112的该深度D3符合不同深度的需求,在本实施例中,该激光束L的能量呈现高斯分布,因此所形成的所述沟槽112截面形状大致为半圆形,但本发明不以此为限制,可使用能量均匀分布的激光束蚀刻该载板110,以形成截面形状大致为矩形的沟槽。
本发明的该加工方法使用该激光束L蚀刻所述线路120显露的该载板110,使所述沟槽112形成于所述线路120之间,以增加后续封装制造过程的流体流动性,进而提升封装结构的良率。此外,由于该激光束L具高指向性,因此可应用于超精细间距(super finepitch)的半导体基板,精准地加工蚀刻该载板110,以避免损害所述线路120。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (12)

1.一种加工方法,用以加工半导体基板,该半导体基板具有载板及多个线路,所述线路形成于该载板的表面,且相邻的所述线路之间具有空间,该空间显露该表面,该加工方法的特征在于:以通过该空间的激光束蚀刻该载板,使多个沟槽下凹形成于该空间显露的该表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于:其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该深度不大于该厚度的二分之一。
3.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于:其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该厚度介于20-40μm,该深度介于0.1-15μm之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于:其中各该线路的侧面及各该沟槽的槽侧壁之间具有连接界面,在该激光束蚀刻该载板时,该载板因局部熔融而产生熔融材,该熔融材凝固于该连接界面而形成保护层,该保护层覆盖该连接界面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法,其特征在于:其中是以自动光学检查装置控制该激光束,使该激光束沿着该空间蚀刻该载板。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的加工方法,其特征在于:其中相邻的所述线路之间具有间距,该间距小于20μm。
7.一种半导体基板,其特征在于其包含:
载板,具有表面及多个沟槽;以及
多个线路,形成于该载板的该表面,相邻的所述线路之间具有空间,该空间显露该表面,所述沟槽下凹形成于该空间显露的该表面,其中所述沟槽是由通过该空间的激光束蚀刻该载板所形成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的半导体基板,其特征在于:其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该深度不大于该厚度的二分之一。
9.根据权利要求7所述的半导体基板,其特征在于:其中该载板具有厚度,所述沟槽具有深度,该厚度介于20-40μm,该深度介于0.1-15μm之间。
10.根据权利要求7所述的半导体基板,其特征在于:其中各该线路的侧面及各该沟槽的槽侧壁之间具有连接界面,在该激光束蚀刻该载板时,该载板因局部熔融而产生熔融材,该熔融材凝固于该连接界面而形成保护层,该保护层覆盖该连接界面。
11.根据权利要求7所述的半导体基板,其特征在于:其中是以自动光学检查装置控制该激光束,使该激光束沿着该空间蚀刻该载板。
12.根据权利要求7至11中任一项所述的半导体基板,其特征在于:其中相邻的所述线路之间具有间距,该间距小于20μm。
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