CN110122225A - It is a kind of cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method - Google Patents
It is a kind of cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122225A CN110122225A CN201910384690.8A CN201910384690A CN110122225A CN 110122225 A CN110122225 A CN 110122225A CN 201910384690 A CN201910384690 A CN 201910384690A CN 110122225 A CN110122225 A CN 110122225A
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- rice
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- season
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- ratooning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
It is a kind of cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, the technical problems such as it is not high that it mainly solves existing farmland utilization rate, and straw processing method of giving up is not environmentally, the economic benefit is not high.Its key points of the technical solution are that: by cultivating ratooning rice, guarantee to reduce labor export while grain yield, first rice crop straw smashes go back to field, not only the long weeds in rice field be can avoid, but also can be fertilized the soil, drop cadmium selenium-rich measure is taken, low cadmium selenium-rich rice is produced, ratooning rice is gathered in later straw, is laid on field, wild mushroom is planted on straw, the breeding of wild mushroom will accelerate rotting for straw, after wild mushroom harvesting, straw further rots, as organic fertilizer, enhance soil fertilizer, improves field soil property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method.
Background technique
Currently, the processing method of straw has: burning, push-in river course or pond, manufacture products of craftsmanship and bio-fuel.
Contain a large amount of carbon in straw, the toxic gases such as carbon monoxide can be generated when its imperfect combustion, simultaneously
A large amount of carbon dioxide can be generated, a large amount of burnings can aggravate greenhouse effects, cause gas componant total amount that larger change, meeting occurs
Make unusual weather conditions, Global Temperature increases, while can generate many dust after straw burning, forms dust pollution, burning is got off
Though ashes can be used as potash fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency all too is low.Therefore burning from the point of view of environmental protection, safety and economic benefit is all not
Suitable straw processing method.
It is pushed into river course or pond, meeting polluted source causes damages to organism in water.
Rice field is all point to plough to family, more dispersed, collects and transport is inconvenient, for manufacturing products of craftsmanship and bio-fuel,
It needs to provide many manpower and material resources and time in terms of collection and transport.
Most rural migrant worker marches city, and rural laborer is largely lost, and due to lacking young labour, peasant household tills the land and only uses
Guarantee grain ration, along with the progress of breeding, grain yield is high, many one season of Cotton Varieties by Small Farming Households rice, or does not simply plant, and causes to occur
Many vacant fields, waste land productivity.The weather conditions of Hunan area are good, and frost-free period is up to 260-270 days, can plant greatly
Planted for two seasons.
In conjunction with soil fall into disuse with straw processing on problem, the application provide it is a kind of both can once sow twice harvesting,
Labour is saved, and straw can be handled by plantation wild mushroom, so that straw is returned farmland becomes organic fertilizer, and creates simultaneously
Economic benefit one season of cultivation rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the very convenient of one kind, not only can be with Rational Land Use, saving labour, but also can produce
Economic benefit, can also handle useless straw, improve field soil property, increase field clay fertilizer, environmentally protective one season of cultivation rice, regeneration
Rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: it the following steps are included:
(1) one season of harvesting rice: late March-late April carries out season rice sowing, at the beginning of 4 months-progress mid-May one season rice seedling
Field moisture management one season of cultivation rice is carried out in transplanting, and early August carries out season rice harvesting.
(2) it cultivates ratooning rice: carrying out ratooning rice cultivation after season rice harvesting, ratooning rice at the beginning of 10-11 months the middle ten days is gathered in.
(3) wild mushroom is cultivated: after ratooning rice harvesting, paddy being gathered in later straw, is laid on field on the spot, in rice
Wild mushroom is planted on grass, the breeding of wild mushroom will accelerate rotting for straw, and after wild mushroom harvesting, straw further rots, at
For organic fertilizer, enhance soil fertilizer, improve field soil property, prepares for the season seed rice plant in the coming year.
The rice varieties that one rice preferred growth puberty in season was 128-135 days, spread fertilizer over the fields in tillering stage including quick lime, vegetation
The mixed fertilizer of ash, the pH value pH value for adjusting soil are greater than 6, less than 7.2, to reduce absorption of the seedlings of cereal crops to cadmium, spray in phase beginning Miho
The foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se) is spilt, so that the especially young fringe of the seedlings of cereal crops increases the absorption to selenium, to produce selenium-rich rice, and can be with
Inhibit absorption of the paddy to cadmium.
Cultivate ratooning rice specific steps include:
(1) one season of plantation rice: early August carries out season rice harvesting, and a season rice gathers in first 10 days and applies urea, mu urea amount 10-
25 kilograms, when a season rice is gathered in, reservation rice stubble height is 10-30cm, remaining rice straw is broken into the rice Duan Huitian of 3-5cm.
(2) rice stubble is cleared up, field rice section is avoided back to be covered on rice stubble.
After (3) one season rice are gathered in 10 days, urea, 5-10 kilograms of mu urea amount are applied.
(4) 902 gibberellin of spray in 1 week or so after regrowth comes out 2g/ mus, stimulate the growth of leaf and bud, improve and produce
Amount.
(5) spread fertilizer over the fields the mixed fertilizer including quick lime, plant ash in tillering stage, adjust soil pH value pH value be greater than 6, it is small
In 7.2, to reduce absorption of the seedlings of cereal crops to cadmium.
(6) Shi Miho phases sprayed the foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se), so that the especially young fringe of the seedlings of cereal crops increases the absorption to selenium, so as to
Selenium-rich rice is produced, and absorption of the paddy to cadmium can be inhibited.
Ratooning rice at the beginning of (7) 10-11 months the middle ten days is gathered in.
Ripe for nine weights when the one season rice is gathered in, straw is green bar state.
By 20 mu of harvested straw in rice field, it is laid on 1 mu of rice field on the spot, wild mushroom, wild mushroom is planted on straw
Breeding will accelerate straw rot, wild mushroom harvesting after, straw further rots, become organic fertilizer, by 20 mu of rice fields draw
It is divided into 20 pieces to plant in turn, enhances soil fertilizer, improves field soil property.
The specific steps of plantation wild mushroom include: on straw
(1) 20 mu of rice fields are divided into 20 pieces by the standby straw for receiving 20 mu, select 1 piece of field to be laid with straw on the spot.
(2) straw is laid on field, laying depth 12-20cm by row, fills the water and impregnates 20-28 hours to Tanaka,
After straw absorbs moisture, straw layer thickness is reduced to 8-12cm, drains the remaining water in field.
(3) it is planted every seeding, sows wild-type strain on row's straw, be then spaced a row and sow wild-type strain again, sow
The straw of wild-type strain does not sow the straw of wild-type strain as upper layer straw as lower layer's straw.
(4) take upper layer rice straw mulching on lower layer's straw, upper layer rice straw mulching is with a thickness of 3-8cm.
(5) field Central Plains is taken to be laid with the upper layer straw of the soil covering at upper layer straw position after movement with drag links pick
On, soil cladding thickness is 3-5cm thickness, so that forming wild mushroom cultivates pile.
The upper layer straw and lower layer's straw are staggered every row, convenient for upper layer straw is laid on lower layer's straw nearby
On, it is also convenient for that mud is taken to be covered on the straw of upper layer nearby, forms wild mushroom and cultivate pile.
Every row's wild mushroom, which is cultivated, forms water-filtering ditch or people's row passageway between pile.
Pile watering is cultivated to wild mushroom when necessary.
The wild mushroom is that Japanese red pine is fine and soft, and suitable flourish temperature is 0-30 DEG C, and growth cycle is 45-60 days.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Soil is rationally utilized, " one mu of field kind once receive secondary, solve the grain ration of three people " image is known as " one two three engineering ",
Save labour.
Increases in grain production, season rice harvest is about 1200-1300 pounds/acre, and ratooning rice harvest is about 500-600 pounds/acre, is compared
Yu Yiji rice increases production 500-600 pounds/acre.
Straw is smashed into go back to field, can not only provide organic fertilizer, moreover it is possible to avoid weed growth.
One season rice early August gather in, ratooning rice growth and development stage be two months or so, the fertility for the fly that can dive with rice straw
Phase is staggered, and rice straw dives fly in seedlings of cereal crops Seedling Stage, and early morning oviposition, ovum is with dew inflow Miao Xin, inside hatching growth, Rice Heading
When, young fringe is destroyed, the rice yield of 20-40% is reduced, rice straw dives influence of the fly to late rice generally in November.
Carried out drop Cadmium treated, a season rice chromium content of output is lower than standard level, due to one season rice adsorb away one
Part heavy metal, heavy metal is reduced, and the chromium content of ratooning rice can be extremely low, ignores.
After ratooning rice harvesting, by planting wild mushroom on useless straw, different fields are planted in turn, accelerate useless straw
Corrosion, effective returning to the field make useless straw before next rice cultivation, and corrosion, which becomes organic fertilizer, completely enhances field fertilizer, prevents field
Ground is hardened and weed growth.Guarantee the yield and quality of wild mushroom simultaneously, creates economic benefit.The method is environmentally protective, no
Particular place is needed, transportation cost, less investment, high efficiency are not needed.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1, it the following steps are included:
(1) one season of harvesting rice: late March-late April carries out season rice sowing, at the beginning of 4 months-progress mid-May one season rice seedling
Field moisture management one season of cultivation rice is carried out in transplanting, and early August carries out season rice harvesting.
(2) it cultivates ratooning rice: carrying out ratooning rice cultivation after season rice harvesting, ratooning rice at the beginning of 10-11 months the middle ten days is gathered in.
(3) wild mushroom is cultivated: after ratooning rice harvesting, paddy being gathered in later straw, is laid on field on the spot, in rice
Wild mushroom is planted on grass, the breeding of wild mushroom will accelerate rotting for straw, and after wild mushroom harvesting, straw further rots, at
For organic fertilizer, enhance soil fertilizer, improve field soil property, prepares for the season seed rice plant in the coming year.
Embodiment 2, the rice varieties that a rice preferred growth puberty in season is 128-135 days, spreads fertilizer over the fields in tillering stage including life
The mixed fertilizer of lime, plant ash, the pH value pH value for adjusting soil is greater than 6, less than 7.2, to reduce absorption of the seedlings of cereal crops to cadmium,
The Shi Miho phase sprays the foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se), so that the especially young fringe of the seedlings of cereal crops increases the absorption to selenium, it is big to produce selenium-rich
Rice, and absorption of the paddy to cadmium can be inhibited.Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, the specific steps for cultivating ratooning rice include:
(1) one season of plantation rice: early August carries out season rice harvesting, and a season rice gathers in first 10 days and applies urea, mu urea amount 10-
25 kilograms, when a season rice is gathered in, reservation rice stubble height is 10-30cm, remaining rice straw is broken into the rice Duan Huitian of 3-5cm,
Rice section is covered on the soil of field, can be to avoid weed growth, and forms organic fertilizer.
(2) rice stubble is cleared up, field rice section is avoided back to be covered on rice stubble.
After (3) one season rice are gathered in 10 days, urea, 5-10 kilograms of mu urea amount are applied.
(4) 902 gibberellin of spray in 1 week or so after regrowth comes out 2g/ mus, stimulate the growth of leaf and bud, improve and produce
Amount.
(5) spread fertilizer over the fields the mixed fertilizer including quick lime, plant ash in tillering stage, adjust soil pH value pH value be greater than 6, it is small
In 7.2, to reduce absorption of the seedlings of cereal crops to cadmium.
(6) Shi Miho phases sprayed the foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se), so that the especially young fringe of the seedlings of cereal crops increases the absorption to selenium, so as to
Selenium-rich rice is produced, and absorption of the paddy to cadmium can be inhibited.
Ratooning rice at the beginning of (7) 10-11 months the middle ten days is gathered in.Remaining same above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 4, ripe for nine weights when the season rice is gathered in, straw is green bar state.Remaining same above-described embodiment.
20 mu of harvested straw in rice field are laid on 1 mu of rice field on the spot, are planted on straw wild by embodiment 5
The breeding of bacterium, wild mushroom will accelerate rotting for straw, and after wild mushroom harvesting, straw further rots, and becomes organic fertilizer, by 20
Mu rice field is divided into 20 pieces and plants in turn, enhances soil fertilizer, improves field soil property.Remaining same above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 6, the specific steps that wild mushroom is planted on straw include:
(1) 20 mu of rice fields are divided into 20 pieces by the standby straw for receiving 20 mu, select 1 piece of field to be laid with straw on the spot.
(2) straw is laid on field, laying depth 12-20cm by row, fills the water and impregnates 20-28 hours to Tanaka,
After straw absorbs moisture, straw layer thickness is reduced to 8-12cm, drains the remaining water in field, guarantees required for culture propagation growth
Nutrient and moisture.
(3) it is planted every seeding, sows wild-type strain on row's straw, be then spaced a row and sow wild-type strain again, sow
The straw of wild-type strain does not sow the straw of wild-type strain as upper layer straw as lower layer's straw.
(4) take upper layer rice straw mulching on lower layer's straw, for upper layer rice straw mulching with a thickness of 3-8cm, covering upper layer straw can
With heat and moisture preserving, be conducive to the flourish of strain.
(5) field Central Plains is taken to be laid with the upper layer straw of the soil covering at upper layer straw position after movement with drag links pick
On, soil cladding thickness is 3-5cm thickness, so that forming wild mushroom cultivates pile, soil can reduce straw water loss, and be
Culture propagation growth provides necessary nutrient.Remaining same above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 7, the upper layer straw and lower layer's straw are staggered every row, convenient for being nearby laid on down upper layer straw
It on layer straw, is also convenient for that mud is taken to be covered on the straw of upper layer nearby, forms wild mushroom and cultivate pile, reduce labor intensity.Remaining is same
Above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 8, every row's wild mushroom, which is cultivated, forms water-filtering ditch or people's row passageway between pile, can exclude excessive water in time
Point, and plant personnel is facilitated to check growth situation everywhere at any time.Remaining same above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 9 cultivates pile watering to wild mushroom when necessary.Remaining same above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 10, the wild mushroom are that Japanese red pine is fine and soft, and suitable flourish temperature is 0-30 DEG C, growth cycle 45-60
It.Remaining same above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 11 can select progress 1 time or more wild mushroom plantation according to weather, phase in slack season length, straw amount.Remaining
Same above-described embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, it the following steps are included:
(1) one season of plantation rice: late March-late April carries out season rice sowing, at the beginning of 4 months-progress mid-May one season rice seedling
Field moisture management one season of cultivation rice is carried out in transplanting, and early August carries out season rice harvesting；
(2) it cultivates ratooning rice: carrying out ratooning rice cultivation after season rice harvesting, ratooning rice at the beginning of -11 months mid-Octobers is gathered in；
(3) wild mushroom is cultivated: after ratooning rice harvesting, paddy being gathered in later straw, is laid on field on the spot, on straw
Wild mushroom is planted, the breeding of wild mushroom will accelerate rotting for straw, and after wild mushroom harvesting, straw further rots, and becoming has
Machine fertilizer, enhances soil fertilizer, improves field soil property, prepares for the season seed rice plant in the coming year.
2. it is according to claim 1 cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, it is characterized in that
It is, the rice varieties that a rice preferred growth puberty in season is 128-135 days are spread fertilizer over the fields in tillering stage including quick lime, plant ash
Mixed fertilizer, adjust soil pH value pH value be greater than 6, less than 7.2, to reduce absorption of the seedlings of cereal crops to cadmium, sprayed in phase beginning Miho
Foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se) to produce selenium-rich rice, and can press down so that the especially young fringe of the seedlings of cereal crops increases the absorption to selenium
Absorption of the paddy processed to cadmium.
3. it is according to claim 1 cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, it is characterized in that
It is, the specific steps for cultivating ratooning rice include:
(1) one season of harvesting rice: early August carries out season rice harvesting, and a season rice gathers in first 10 days and applies urea, mu urea amount 10-
25 kilograms, when a season rice is gathered in, reservation rice stubble height is 10-30cm, remaining rice straw is broken into the rice Duan Huitian of 3-5cm；
(2) rice stubble is cleared up, field rice section is avoided back to be covered on rice stubble；
After (3) one season rice are gathered in 10 days, urea, 5-10 kilograms of mu urea amount are applied；
(4) 902 gibberellin of spray in 1 week or so after regrowth comes out 2g/ mus, stimulate the growth of leaf and bud, improve yield；
(5) mixed fertilizer including quick lime, plant ash is spread fertilizer over the fields in tillering stage, the pH value pH value for adjusting soil is greater than 6, is less than
7.2, to reduce absorption of the seedlings of cereal crops to cadmium；
(6) Shi Miho phases sprayed the foliar fertilizer containing selenium (Se), so that the especially young fringe of the seedlings of cereal crops increases the absorption to selenium, to produce
Selenium-rich rice out, and absorption of the paddy to cadmium can be inhibited；
Ratooning rice at the beginning of (7) 10-11 months the middle ten days is gathered in.
4. it is according to claim 3 cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, it is characterized in that
It is, ripe for nine weights when the season rice is gathered in, straw is green bar state.
5. it is according to claim 1 cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, it is characterized in that
Be, 20 mu of harvested straw in rice field be laid on the spot on 1 mu of rice field, plant wild mushroom on straw, wild mushroom it is numerous
Rotting for straw will be accelerated by growing, and after wild mushroom harvesting, straw further rots, and becomes organic fertilizer, and 20 mu of rice fields are divided into
20 pieces are planted in turn, enhance soil fertilizer, improve field soil property.
6. it is according to claim 5 cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, it is characterized in that
It is, the specific steps that wild mushroom is planted on straw include:
(1) 20 mu of rice fields are divided into 20 pieces by the standby straw for receiving 20 mu, select 1 piece of field to be laid with straw on the spot；
(2) straw is laid on field, laying depth 12-20cm by row, fills the water and impregnates 20-28 hours to Tanaka, straw
After absorbing moisture, straw layer thickness is reduced to 8-12cm, drains the remaining water in field；
(3) it is planted every seeding, sows wild-type strain on row's straw, be then spaced a row and sow wild-type strain again, sowed wild
The straw of strain does not sow the straw of wild-type strain as upper layer straw as lower layer's straw；
(4) take upper layer rice straw mulching on lower layer's straw, upper layer rice straw mulching is with a thickness of 3-8cm；
(5) field Central Plains is taken to be laid on the upper layer straw of the soil covering at upper layer straw position after movement with drag links pick, mud
Native cladding thickness is 3-5cm thickness, so that forming wild mushroom cultivates pile.
7. it is according to claim 6 cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, feature exists
In the upper layer straw and lower layer's straw are staggered every row, convenient for upper layer straw is laid on lower layer's straw nearby, also just
It takes mud to be covered on the straw of upper layer in nearby, forms wild mushroom and cultivate pile.
8. it is according to claim 6 or 7 cultivate one season rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method, feature
It is, every row's wild mushroom, which is cultivated, forms water-filtering ditch or people's row passageway between pile.
9. described according to claim 1 or 5 or 6 one season of cultivation rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method,
It is characterized in that, cultivates pile watering to wild mushroom when necessary.
10. described according to claim 1 or 5 or 6 one season of cultivation rice, ratooning rice, wild mushroom farmland Efficient utilization method,
It is characterized in that, the wild mushroom is that Japanese red pine is fine and soft, and suitable flourish temperature is 0-30 DEG C, and growth cycle is 45-60 days.
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