CN110090768A - 具有快速连接机构的超声雾化器 - Google Patents
具有快速连接机构的超声雾化器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本公开提供了“具有快速连接机构的超声雾化器”。一种用于将涂料施加到衬底的设备,包括基部、施加器和快速连接连接器。所述基部包括流体导管。所述施加器包括至少一个致动器和喷嘴板阵列。每个喷嘴板限定至少一个孔隙。所述至少一个致动器被配置为使所述喷嘴板振荡以从所述孔隙喷射流体。所述快速连接连接器将所述流体导管联接到所述施加器,以在在所述流体导管与所述施加器之间实现流体连通。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及高容量涂覆设备,并且更特别地涉及一种具有喷嘴连接装置的雾化器。
背景技术
本部分中的说明仅提供与本公开相关的背景信息,并且可以不构成现有技术。
在高产量生产环境中对机动车(例如,车架、车身、面板等)涂覆涂料(例如,底漆、底色漆、清漆等)涉及大量资金成本,所述大量资金成本不仅用于涂料的施加和控制,而且用于捕获过量喷涂的设备。过量喷涂可能会高达离开施加器的涂料的40%,或换言之,购买和施加的涂料中高达40%被浪费(即,转移效率为约60%)。捕获过量喷涂的设备涉及建造涂装车间时的大量资本支出,包括:用于将过量喷涂向下运送穿过涂料室的大型空气处理系统、在涂料室的底板下方流动以捕获过量喷涂的连续水流的建立、过滤系统以及减排装置等等。此外,操作设备的成本很高,因为必须调节流经涂料室的空气(以大于200,000立方英尺/分钟流动),必须维持水流,必须供应压缩空气,并且采用复杂的静电装置来提高转移效率。
在已知的生产设备的情况下,液体涂料通过包括旋转罩的喷嘴雾化,所述旋转罩基本上是旋转盘或转筒,所述旋转盘或转筒以约20,000-80,000转/分钟旋转。液体通常从旋转盘的面上的环形缝隙喷出,并且经由离心力朝向罩的边缘推进。液体之后形成细流(ligaments),然后在罩的边缘处形成微滴。尽管这个设备可有效用于其预期目的,但是由于其设计,会出现各种问题。首先,液体涂料的动量大部分是横向的,这意味着所述液体涂料会在在平行于车辆的方向上而不是朝向车辆移动。为了对这种移动进行补偿,施加成形空气,所述成形空气会使液滴朝向车辆重定向。此外,使用静电装置来将微滴引向车辆。微滴具有相当宽的尺寸分布,这可能会引起外观问题。另外,诸如为了更换或清洁而更换旋转罩式雾化器喷嘴需要相当长的时间来确保罩被适当地平衡。
本公开解决了与传统的高产量涂料室操作相关联的这些问题。
发明内容
本部分提供了本公开的一般概要,并且不是其完整范围或其所有特征的全面公开。
在一种形式中,一种用于将涂料施加到衬底的设备包括基部、施加器和快速连接连接器。基部包括流体导管。施加器包括至少一个致动器和喷嘴板阵列。每个喷嘴板限定至少一个孔隙。至少一个致动器被配置为使喷嘴板振荡以从孔隙喷射流体。快速连接连接器将流体导管联接到施加器,以在所述流体导管与所述施加器之间实现流体连通。在本公开的各种替代形式中:至少一个致动器是至少一个压电致动器;至少一个致动器包括多个致动器,每个致动器被配置为使喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板振荡;所述设备还包括支撑基部的机械臂;每个喷嘴板包括多个孔隙;施加器包括支撑喷嘴板的阵列主体,其中快速连接连接器是多个快速连接连接器中的一个快速连接连接器,每个快速连接连接器被配置为将喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板联接到喷嘴主体;施加器包括支撑喷嘴板的阵列主体,其中快速连接连接器将阵列主体联接到基部;所述设备还包括与至少一个致动器电连通的控制模块;施加器限定至少一个储存器;至少一个储存器包括多个储存器,每个储存器至少部分地由喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板限定;每个储存器具有1mL或更少的容积;其中快速连接连接器包括第一接头和第二接头,第一接头限定周向凹槽和鼻部,第二接头包括保持构件,所述保持构件被配置为接纳在凹槽中并且可在锁定位置与解锁位置之间移动,其中当处于锁定位置时,保持构件设置在凹槽内并接合凹槽的肩部,以抑制第一接头相对于第二接头的轴向移动,其中当处于解锁位置时,第一接头和第二接头可相对于彼此轴向地移动,其中第一接头或第二接头中的一个固定地联接到基部,并且第一接头或第二接头中的另一个固定地联接到施加器;快速连接连接器包括在基部与施加器之间的电连接,所述电连接被配置为将电信号从基部传输到至少一个致动器。
在另一种形式中,一种用于将涂料施加到衬底的设备包括基部、施加器和快速连接连接器。施加器包括致动器和限定至少一个孔隙的喷嘴板。致动器被配置为使喷嘴板振荡以从至少一个孔隙喷射流体。快速连接连接器将施加器联接到基部,以在所述施加器与所述基部之间实现流体连通和电连通。在本公开的各种替代形式中:致动器是压电致动器;施加器包括多个致动器和多个喷嘴板,每个致动器被配置为使喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板振荡;施加器包括支撑喷嘴板的阵列主体,其中快速连接连接器是多个快速连接连接器中的一个快速连接连接器,每个快速连接连接器被配置为将喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板联接到喷嘴主体;施加器包括支撑喷嘴板的阵列主体,其中快速连接连接器将阵列主体联接到基部;所述设备还包括支撑基部的机械臂;喷嘴板包括多个孔隙。
另外的应用领域将从本文提供的说明中显而易见。应理解,描述和特定示例意图仅出于说明的目的,而不意图限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
为了可以很好地理解本公开,现在将参考附图通过示例的方式描述其各种形式,在附图中:
图1示意性地展示了根据本公开的教导的用于车辆的自动涂覆的隔室;
图2示意性地展示了根据本公开的教导的具有微型施加器阵列的施加器的平面图;
图3示意性地展示了示出微型施加器中的一个的图2的施加器的一部分;
图4示意性地展示了图3中的截面4-4的截面侧视图,其示出了根据本公开的教导的快速连接喷嘴;
图5示意性地展示了图4的快速连接喷嘴的分解截面侧视图;
图6示意性地展示了根据本公开的教导的具有第二结构的施加器的截面侧视图,所述第二结构具有带有微型施加器阵列的快速连接喷嘴;并且
图7示意性地展示了根据本公开的教导的具有第三结构的施加器的截面侧视图,所述第三结构具有带有微型施加器阵列的快速连接喷嘴。
本文所述的附图仅出于说明的目的,而不意图以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
具体实施方式
以下描述本质上仅是示例性的,并且决不意图对本公开、其应用或用途进行限制。应理解,贯穿各附图,对应的附图标记指示相似或对应的零件和特征。示例被提供用来向本领域技术人员充分传达本公开的范围。阐述了众多具体细节,诸如特定部件、装置和方法的类型,以提供对本公开的变型的全面理解。对于本领域技术人员将显而易见的是,不需要采用具体细节,并且本文提供的示例可以包括替代实施例,并且不意图限制本公开的范围。在一些示例中,并未详细描述众所周知的过程、众所周知的装置结构和众所周知的技术。
本公开提供了用于在高产环境中控制涂料到机动车的施加的各种装置、方法和系统,所述装置、方法和系统能减少过量喷涂并且提高涂料的转移效率。应理解,对机动车的提及仅仅是示例性的,并且接受喷涂的其他物体,诸如工业设备和器具等等也可以根据本公开的教导来进行喷涂。另外,“涂料”或“喷涂”的使用不应被解释为限制本公开,并且因此诸如涂料、底漆、密封剂、洗涤溶剂等等的其他材料应被理解为落入本公开的范围内。
一般而言,本公开的教导是基于微滴喷雾产生装置,其中穿孔膜由压电换能器驱动。此装置及其变型被描述于美国专利号6,394,363、7,550,897、7,977,849、8,317,299、8,191,982、9,156,049、7,976,135、9,452,442;以及美国公布申请号2014/0110500、2016/0228902和2016/0158789,它们以引用的方式整体并入本文。
现参考图1,示意性地展示了用于使用机械臂4喷涂部件P的涂料喷射系统2。机械臂4联接到至少一个材料施加器10和机架5。材料源8(例如,涂料源)被包括在内并且包括至少一种材料M(图1所示的材料M1、M2、M3、…Mn;在本文中又被简单地称为“材料M”)。在本公开的一些方面中,至少一种材料M包括不同的涂料材料、不同的粘合剂材料、不同的密封剂材料等等。臂4相对于机架5根据xyz坐标移动,使得材料施加器10移动越过部件P的表面(未标记)。此外,电源6被配置为向臂4和机架5供应电力。臂4和机架5被配置为将材料M从材料源8供应到材料施加器10,使得涂料被施加到部件P的表面。
参考图2,示意性地示出了根据本公开的教导的材料施加器10或雾化器。在本公开的一种形式中,材料施加器10包括阵列主体100或喷嘴,所述阵列主体100或喷嘴具有包括多个微型施加器110或副喷嘴的施加器阵列102。在本公开的一些方面中,具有施加器阵列102的阵列主体100定位在基部140上。在一种配置中,基部140支撑在铰接式机械臂4(图1)的端部处。在另一种配置中,基部140由喷杆(未示出)支撑,所述喷杆可以是静止的或可以相对于衬底S(示出于图4)在一个、两个或三个维度上移动。微型施加器110中的每一个包括多个孔隙112,材料M(图4)通过所述多个孔隙112喷射,使得所述材料的雾化微滴3(图4)被提供。如上所述,材料M(图4)通常是液体材料(例如,底漆、底色漆、清漆等),但是可以任选地包括散布的固体,诸如金属微粒或其他颗粒,以提供特定的美学外观。微型施加器110可以任何布置,诸如规则或不规则图案布置在整个阵列主体100上。
参考图3和图4,微型施加器110中的每一个包括喷嘴主体116、微型施加器板114和致动器120。每个微型施加器板114限定延伸穿过微型施加器板114的多个孔隙112。致动器120可以是诸如压电材料的换能器。微型施加器板114与致动器120机械连通,使得致动器120的激活(例如,向致动器120提供电力)会使微型施加器板114像图4中的水平(z-方向)双头箭头示意性所示那样振动或振荡。
在所提供的示例中,喷嘴主体116是大体为圆柱形的主体并包括凸形快速连接接头410,并且阵列主体100包括凹形快速连接接头414,所述凹形快速连接接头414被配置为可释放地与凸形快速连接接头410配合。在未具体示出的替代配置中,阵列主体100包括凸形快速连接接头,并且喷嘴主体116包括凹形快速连接接头。
参考图5,凸形快速连接接头410包括锁定凹槽418和第一密封表面422,所述第一密封表面422围绕喷嘴主体116沿周向延伸。密封表面422被配置为与围绕凹形快速连接接头414的内部设置的配合密封表面430接触并且与之进行密封。凹形快速连接接头414包括大体为圆柱形的主体432和多个锁定滚球434,所述多个锁定滚球434围绕凹形快速连接接头414沿周向间隔开并且被配置为在径向地延伸穿过圆柱形主体432的孔436内在锁定位置(已示出)与解锁位置之间径向地移动。
在锁定位置,滚球434径向向内延伸的程度大于在处于解锁位置时延伸的程度,并且可以被捕获在凹槽418内来接合凹槽418的肩部,以防止凸形快速连接接头410的轴向抽出。凹形快速连接接头414的套环438可在轴向方向上移动,以准许或防止滚球434在锁定位置与解锁位置之间移动(取决于套环438的轴向位置)。在所提供的示例中,弹簧442使套环438朝向锁定位置偏置,并且卡环446将套环438维持在锁定位置上。虽然示出了一种特定类型的快速连接接头,但是可以使用其他类型(例如,卡口类型)的快速连接接头。
参考图4和图5,阵列主体100包括对应于每个微型施加器110的材料入口136。阵列主体100包括后壁131,使得用于容纳材料M的储存器134被提供在后壁131与微型施加器板114之间。在所提供的示例中,后壁131、喷嘴主体116的一部分和微型施加器板114的面向后壁131的侧部配合来限定储存器134。入口136与储存器134流体连通,使得材料M流过入口136并流入储存器134中。在所提供的示例中,致动器120定位在微型施加器板114与喷嘴主体116之间,使得喷嘴主体116支撑致动器120并且致动器120支撑微型施加器板114。例如,致动器120可以定位在微型施加器板114的外边缘表面115与喷嘴主体116的内表面133之间。在一种配置中,致动器120是围绕微型施加器板114设置的环形形状。在未具体示出的另一种配置中,致动器120可以与微型施加器板114整体地形成,使得向微型施加器板114供应电力会使板114振荡。
在所提供的示例中,控制模块164与致动器120电连通,以向致动器120提供电力并控制其操作。在所提供的示例中,通过凸形和凹形快速连接接头410、414上的电触点进行电连接,但是可以使用其他配置。
仍然参考图4,材料M在非常低的压力或无压力下供应到储存器134,使得除非致动器120被激活并振荡,否则材料M的表面张力将阻止材料M流过微型施加器板114的孔隙112。也就是说,当致动器120被激活并振动时,材料M通过和/或从多个孔隙112喷射,以提供雾化微滴3的流5。雾化微滴3的流5大体上平行于微型施加器轴线2’传送,并且在衬底S的表面上形成涂层C。衬底S可以是任何合适的工件,例如像车辆部件、车架或车身。如图4示意性所示,雾化微滴3具有窄的微滴尺寸分布(例如,平均微滴直径)。
参考图6,示出了具有第二结构的材料施加器10’的截面。除非本文另外示出或描述,否则材料施加器10’类似于材料施加器10(图1至图5)。用带撇号的附图标记表示的特征类似于图1至图5中以类似的但不带撇号的附图标记示出和描述的特征,并且在此仅描述了不同之处。
阵列主体100’包括凸形快速连接接头410’,所述凸形快速连接接头410’被配置为在基部140’上可释放地连接到配合的凹形快速连接接头414’。在所提供的示例中,一个或多个电连接形成于凸形与凹形快速连接接头410’、414’上的触点之间,以将控制模块164’电连接到各个微型施加器110’的致动器。虽然材料M被示出为从共用入口136’提供到所有微型施加器110’,但是每个微型施加器110’可以从穿过凸形和凹形快速连接接头410’、414’的各个入口(未示出)接收材料M。微型施加器110’相对于阵列主体100’可以是不可移除的,或各自可以如上文参考图1至图5所示和所述可移除地联接到阵列主体100’。
参考图7,示出了具有第二结构的材料施加器10”的截面。除非本文另外示出或描述,否则材料施加器10”类似于材料施加器10(图1至图5)和10’(图6)。用带双撇号的附图标记表示的特征类似于图1至图5中以类似的但不带撇号的附图标记或图6中以类似的但带撇号的附图标记示出和描述的特征,并且在此仅描述了不同之处。
阵列主体100”包括多个凸形快速连接接头410”,所述多个凸形快速连接接头410”被配置为在基部140”上可释放地连接到对应的配合的凹形快速连接接头414”。在所提供的示例中,材料M经由对应的入口136”从基部140”流动到各个微型施加器110”,并且每个微型施加器110”中的材料M保持与其他微型施加器110”中的材料M分离。虽然材料M被示出为从对应的入口136”提供到所有微型施加器110”,但是每个微型施加器110”可以接收不同材料(例如,图1所示的M1-Mn)。各个微型施加器110”相对于阵列主体100”可以是不可移除的,或各自可以如上文参考图1至图5所示和所述可移除地联接到阵列主体100”。
在所提供的示例中,电连接形成于凸形和凹形快速连接接头410”、414”上的触点之间,以将控制模块164”电连接到各个微型施加器110”的致动器120”。可选地,单独的电连接器(未示出)可以将控制模块164”连接到阵列主体100”,以提供接至致动器120”的电连接。
如本文所使用,短语A、B和C中的至少一个应被解释为意指使用非排他性逻辑OR的逻辑(A或B或C),并且不应被解释为意指“A中的至少一个、B中的至少一个和C中的至少一个”。
除非另外明确指明,否则指示机械/热性质、组成百分率、尺寸和/或公差或其他特性的所有数值应被理解为在描述本公开的范围时都由词“约”或“大约”修饰。出于包括工业实践、制造技术和测试能力的各种原因,这种修改是所需的。
本文使用的术语只用于描述具体示例形式的目的,而不是意图进行限制。除非上下文另外明确指明,否则单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“所述”可能意图同样包括复数形式。术语“包括”和“具有”是包含性的并且因此明确说明存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件,但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其组。本文所述的方法步骤、过程和操作不应理解为必定需要以所讨论或所示的具体次序进行,除非具体指明按次序进行。还应当理解的是,可采用附加或替代的步骤或操作。
本公开的描述本质上仅是示例性的,并且因此未脱离本公开的实质的示例都意图落入本公开的范围内。这类示例不应被视为脱离本公开的精神和范围。本公开的广泛教导可以各种形式实现。因此,虽然本公开包括特定示例,但是本公开的真实范围不应受此限制,因为在研究附图、说明书和以下权利要求之后,其他修改将变得显而易见。
根据本发明,提供了一种用于将涂料施加到衬底的设备,所述设备具有:基部;施加器,所述施加器包括致动器和限定至少一个孔隙的喷嘴板,所述致动器被配置为使喷嘴板振荡以从至少一个孔隙喷射流体;以及快速连接连接器,所述快速连接连接器将施加器联接到基部,以在所述施加器与所述基部之间实现流体连通和电连通。
根据一个实施例,致动器是压电致动器。
根据一个实施例,施加器包括多个致动器和多个喷嘴板,每个致动器被配置为使喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板振荡。
根据一个实施例,施加器包括支撑喷嘴板的阵列主体,其中快速连接连接器是多个快速连接连接器中的一个快速连接连接器,每个快速连接连接器被配置为将喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板联接到喷嘴主体。
根据一个实施例,施加器包括支撑喷嘴板的阵列主体,其中快速连接连接器将阵列主体联接到基部。
根据一个实施例,以上发明的进一步特征在于:支撑基部的机械臂。
根据一个实施例,喷嘴板包括多个孔隙。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于将涂料施加到衬底的设备,所述设备包括:
基部,所述基部包括流体导管;
施加器,所述施加器包括致动器和喷嘴板,所述喷嘴板限定至少一个孔隙,所述致动器被配置为使所述喷嘴板振荡以从所述至少一个孔隙喷射流体;以及
快速连接连接器,所述快速连接连接器将所述流体导管联接到所述施加器,以在在所述流体导管与所述施加器之间实现流体连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述致动器是压电致动器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,所述设备还包括支撑所述基部的机械臂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述喷嘴板包括多个所述孔隙。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的设备,所述设备还包括多个所述致动器和多个所述喷嘴板,每个致动器被配置为使所述喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板振荡。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其中所述施加器包括支撑呈阵列的所述喷嘴板的阵列主体。
7.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其中所述快速连接连接器是多个快速连接连接器中的一个快速连接连接器,每个快速连接连接器被配置为将所述喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板联接到所述阵列主体。
8.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其中所述快速连接连接器将所述阵列主体联接到所述基部。
9.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其中所述施加器限定多个储存器,每个储存器至少部分地由所述喷嘴板中的对应一个喷嘴板限定。
10.根据权利要求9所述的设备,其中每个储存器具有1mL或更少的容积。
11.根据权利要求1所述的设备,所述设备还包括与所述致动器电连通的控制模块。
12.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述施加器限定至少一个储存器。
13.根据权利要求12所述的设备,其中每个储存器具有1mL或更少的容积。
14.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述快速连接连接器包括第一接头和第二接头,所述第一接头限定周向凹槽和鼻部,所述第二接头包括保持构件,所述保持构件被配置为接纳在所述凹槽中并且可在锁定位置与解锁位置之间移动,其中当处于所述锁定位置时,所述保持构件设置在所述凹槽内并接合所述凹槽的肩部,以抑制所述第一接头相对于所述第二接头的轴向移动,其中当处于所述解锁位置时,所述第一接头和所述第二接头可相对于彼此轴向地移动,其中所述第一接头或所述第二接头中的一个固定地联接到所述基部,并且所述第一接头或所述第二接头中的另一个固定地联接到所述施加器。
15.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述快速连接连接器包括在所述基部与所述施加器之间的电连接,所述电连接被配置为将电信号从所述基部传输到所述致动器。
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DE102016014920A1 (de) | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-14 | Dürr Systems Ag | Druckkopf mit Verschiebe- und/oder Drehmechanik für zumindest eine Düsenreihe |
DE102016014955A1 (de) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-14 | Dürr Systems Ag | Beschichtungseinrichtung und entsprechendes Beschichtungsverfahren |
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2018
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- 2018-12-06 US US16/211,316 patent/US10864541B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-06 US US16/211,320 patent/US11400477B2/en active Active
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2019
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CN110090759A (zh) | 2019-08-06 |
US12005463B2 (en) | 2024-06-11 |
US10792693B2 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
US20210339278A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
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US20190232323A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
US10940501B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 |
US20190232320A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
CN110090770A (zh) | 2019-08-06 |
US11364516B2 (en) | 2022-06-21 |
CN110090760A (zh) | 2019-08-06 |
US20200406286A1 (en) | 2020-12-31 |
US11400477B2 (en) | 2022-08-02 |
US20190232322A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
US20210023581A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
US20190232321A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
CN110090744A (zh) | 2019-08-06 |
US20190232318A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
US10799905B2 (en) | 2020-10-13 |
US20190232317A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
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