CN110077513A - 鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆 - Google Patents

鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆 Download PDF

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CN110077513A
CN110077513A CN201910061975.8A CN201910061975A CN110077513A CN 110077513 A CN110077513 A CN 110077513A CN 201910061975 A CN201910061975 A CN 201910061975A CN 110077513 A CN110077513 A CN 110077513A
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connecting rod
metal parts
fiber
reinforced resin
buffering connecting
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CN110077513B (zh
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吉野裕喜
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
    • B62K25/06—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with telescopic fork, e.g. including auxiliary rocking arms
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    • B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
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Abstract

本发明提供不使用特别的粘接剂，而将纤维复合材料和金属组合且能够目视确认初期的破损状态的鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆。在克服后缓冲件(15)的弹力而摆臂(17)摆动时施加负荷(F)的细长部件即缓冲连杆(40)为利用呈环状的纤维强化树脂(50)覆盖金属部件(60)的表面的一部分的结构。利用薄膜状的粘接剂(52)将纤维强化树脂(50)粘接在金属部件(60)的表面。在金属部件(60)的长度方向的两端部设有施加负荷(F)的支承部(61)。在两端部的支承部(61)之间形成金属部件(60)的厚度尺寸(T)比所述支承部(61)的厚度尺寸(Ta)小的凹部(C)和多个减重孔(62、65、66)，利用纤维强化树脂(50)覆盖支承部(61)及凹部(C)的表面。

Description

鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆
技术领域
本发明涉及鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆，特别是涉及拉伸负荷随着摆臂的摆动动作施加的机动二轮车的缓冲连杆。
背景技术
近年来，为了推进车辆的轻量化，偿试将目前由金属等形成的结构零件置换为由合成树脂固化纤维原料而成的纤维强化树脂。
专利文献1中公开有接合在一方向定向纤维材料的纤维强化树脂部件、和在多方向机定向纤维材料随的纤维强化树脂部件而成的汽车用零件。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：国际公开第2012/137554号说明书
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
但是，纤维强化树脂部件在超过强度极限的应力作用时，有时从目视不能确认的初期的破损状态一下子进入折弯或破裂等脆弱的破损状态，因此，具有难以应用于应力增加的结构零件这种课题。另一方面，根据将结构零件的一部分置换为纤维强化树脂的多材料化，在应力增加的结构零件中的应用变得容易，但具有牢固结合材料特性不同的两者的粘接剂的开发上需要时间和成本这种问题。
本发明的目的在于，提供解决上述现有技术课题，不使用特别的粘接剂而组合纤维复合材料和金属，并且能够目视确认初期的破损状态的鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆。
用于解决问题的技术方案
为了实现所述目的，本发明的第一特征在于，一种鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆，应用于机动二轮车(1)，该机动二轮车(1)具有：摆臂(17)，其转动自如地轴支承后轮(WR)，并且相对于车体架(2)可摆动地安装；后缓冲件(15)，其对该摆臂(17)施加摆动反力；连接板(30)，其对该后缓冲件(15)及所述摆臂(17)可相互摆动地轴支承；缓冲连杆(40)，其将该连接板(30)的一端部可摆动地轴支承于所述车体架(2)；所述缓冲连杆(40)是在克服所述后缓冲件(15)的弹力而所述摆臂(17)摆动时施加负荷(F)的细长部件，所述缓冲连杆(40)是利用呈环状的纤维强化树脂(50)覆盖金属部件(60)的表面的一部分的结构，所述纤维强化树脂(50)通过薄膜状的粘接剂(52)粘接于所述金属部件(60)的表面。
另外，第二特征在于，在所述金属部件(60)的长度方向的两端部分别设置有施加所述负荷(F)的支承部(61)，在所述两端部的支承部(61)之间设置有所述金属部件(60)的厚度尺寸(T)比所述支承部(61)的厚度尺寸(Ta)小的凹部(C)，并且形成有多个减重孔(62、65、66)，所述纤维强化树脂(50)至少覆盖所述支承部(61)及所述凹部(C)的表面。
另外，第三特征在于，所述纤维强化树脂(50)通过将细长的带状原材料(51)在所述金属部件(60)的表面卷绕多次而构成。
另外，第四特征在于，所述纤维强化树脂(50)的纤维方向沿着所述带状原材料(51)的长度方向。
另外，第五特征在于，设置于所述金属部件(60)的凹部(C)由在长度方向的大致中央维持一定的厚度尺寸(T)的直线部(A)、和从该直线部(A)的两端部朝向所述支承部(61)逐渐增加厚度尺寸的倾斜部(B)构成。
发明效果
根据第一特征，鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆应用于机动二轮车(1)，该机动二轮车(1)具有：摆臂(17)，其转动自如地轴支承后轮(WR)，并且相对于车体架(2)可摆动地安装；后缓冲件(15)，其对该摆臂(17)施加摆动反力；连接板(30)，其对该后缓冲件(15)及所述摆臂(17)可相互摆动地轴支承；缓冲连杆(40)，其将该连接板(30)的一端部可摆动地轴支承于所述车体架(2)；所述缓冲连杆(40)是在克服所述后缓冲件(15)的弹力而所述摆臂(17)摆动时施加负荷(F)的细长部件，所述缓冲连杆(40)是利用呈环状的纤维强化树脂(50)覆盖金属部件(60)的表面的一部分的结构，所述纤维强化树脂(50)通过薄膜状的粘接剂(52)粘接于所述金属部件(60)的表面，因此，在超过金属部件的强度极限的拉伸负荷施加于缓冲连杆时，可目视确认纤维强化树脂随着金属部件的变形从金属部件剥离的状态。即使在这种情况下，只要形成环状的纤维强化树脂不断裂，也能够维持缓冲连杆的功能，因此，可在发生功能不全前进行更换作业。
根据第二特征，在所述金属部件(60)的长度方向的两端部分别设置有施加所述负荷(F)的支承部(61)，在所述两端部的支承部(61)之间设置有所述金属部件(60)的厚度尺寸(T)比所述支承部(61)的厚度尺寸(Ta)小的凹部(C)，并且形成有多个减重孔(62、65、66)，所述纤维强化树脂(50)至少覆盖所述支承部(61)及所述凹部(C)的表面，因此，在超过强度极限的拉伸负荷施加于缓冲连杆时，特别是粘接在凹部的部分纤维强化树脂受到从金属部件剥离的方向的力。由此，在凹部易产生纤维强化树脂的剥离，容易通过目视确认缓冲连杆的更换时间。另外，通过设计多个减重孔，实现金属部件的轻量化，并且将缓冲连杆的刚性抑制在需要最低限，能够促进车体的轻量化。
根据第三特征，所述纤维强化树脂(50)通过将细长的带状原材料(51)在所述金属部件(60)的表面卷绕多次而构成，因此，因为卷绕细长的带状原材料，所以很少产生原料的碎片，提高纤维强化树脂制造的成品率。另外，通过机械化进行卷绕过程，能够减少通过手工作业粘贴原料的工序，能够减少生产工时数量。
根据第四特征，所述纤维强化树脂(50)的纤维方向沿着所述带状原材料(51)的长度方向，因此，在金属部件卷绕带状原材料，形成由多层构成的纤维强化树脂时，所有层的纤维原料相连，能够提高缓冲连杆的抗拉伸负荷。另外，纤维方向一定，从而层间的粘接强度也提高，难以产生层间剥离。
根据第五特征，设置于所述金属部件(60)的凹部(C)由在长度方向的大致中央维持一定的厚度尺寸(T)的直线部(A)、和从该直线部(A)的两端部朝向所述支承部(61)逐渐增加厚度尺寸的倾斜部(B)构成，因此，在超过强度极限的拉伸负荷施加在缓冲连杆时，准备剥离纤维强化树脂的力作用在直线部和倾斜部的连接点，在该连接点容易产生纤维强化树脂的剥离。由此，更容易通过目视确认缓冲连杆的更换时间。
附图说明
图1是应用了本发明的一实施方式的缓冲连杆的机动二轮车的左侧视图；
图2是表示缓冲连杆的配设结构的左侧视图；
图3是缓冲连杆的立体图；
图4(a)和(b)是构成缓冲连杆的纤维强化树脂及金属部件的立体图；
图5是缓冲连杆的侧视图；
图6是图5所示的虚线圆部分的放大图；
图7是表示拉伸负荷F的相关方的缓冲连杆的侧视图；
图8是达到破损状态的缓冲连杆的侧视图。
附图标记说明
1…机动二轮车(鞍乘型车辆)、15…后缓冲件、30…连接板、40…缓冲连杆、51…带状原材料、52…粘接剂、60…金属部件、61…支承部、61a…贯通孔、62…第三减重孔、64…纵肋、65…第一减重孔、66…第二减重孔、67…第一外侧壁、68…第二外侧壁、69…中央肋、100…点、A…直线部、B…倾斜部、C…凹部、F…拉伸负荷(负荷)
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，对本发明的优选的实施方式详细进行说明。图1是应用了本发明一实施方式的缓冲连杆40的机动二轮车1的左侧视图。作为鞍乘型车辆的机动二轮车1的车体架2具有从头管6向车体后方延伸且向下方弯曲的左右一对主架24。转动自如地轴支承前轮WF的左右一对前叉9支承在转向杆上(未图示)，该转向杆摆动自如轴支承于头管6。在前叉9的上部固定有转向把手3。
在主架24的后方下部连结有支承将摆臂17可摆动地轴支承的枢轴14的左右一对枢轴板27。在主架24的下部固定有作为动力源的发动机E。发动机E的燃烧气体经由排气管13导入车宽方向右侧的排气管18。发动机E的驱动力经由传动链16，传递到转动自如地轴支承于摆臂17的后端的后轮WR。
在头管6的前方配设有支承前灯8的前壳罩7。在前壳罩7的上部安装有挡风玻璃4及左右一对后视镜5。在前壳罩7的下方连结有左右一对侧壳罩11，在侧壳罩11的下端部连结有覆盖发动机E的下部的下壳罩12。覆盖前轮WF的上部的前挡泥板10固定于前叉9。
在主架24的上部配设有燃料箱26。在枢轴板27的上端后部连结有支承座椅23及后壳罩21的后架22。在后壳罩21的后端设置有尾灯装置20，在尾灯装置20的下方配设有后挡泥板19。
在摆臂17的摆动动作时施加反力及阻尼力的后缓冲件15经由车体侧面观察呈大致三角形状的连接板30连结车体架2和摆臂17。更具体而言，配设于车宽方向中央的后缓冲件15的上端部在左右一对枢轴板27之间的位置轴支承于车体架2，后缓冲件15的下端部轴支承于连接板30的前端部。另一方面，连接板30的后方上端部轴支承于摆臂17的下部，连接板30的下端部经由本申请发明的缓冲连杆40，轴支承于枢轴板27的下部。
图2是表示缓冲连杆40的配设结构的左侧视图。在该图中表示机动二轮车1的大致车宽方向中央的截面。具有产生弹力的弹簧15a及产生阻尼力的衰减机构15b的后缓冲件15在枢轴14的后方的位置通过形成于摆臂17的贯通孔，指向上下方向配设。连接板30在车宽方向由一对铝等金属板构成。
如前所述，连接板30的后方上端部通过由螺栓等构成的摆动轴30a轴支承于从摆臂17向下方延伸的延伸部17a。另外，连接板30的前端部通过摆动轴30b轴支承于后缓冲件15的下端部，连接板30的下端部通过摆动轴30c轴支承于缓冲连杆40的后端部。而且，指向大致车体前后方向的形成细长的杆形状的缓冲连杆40的前端部通过摆动轴27b轴支承于支承部27a，该支承部27a形成于将车宽方向左右的枢轴板27相互连结的连结架27c的大致中央。在各轴支承部分适宜应用轴承及轴环部件。
根据上述结构，摆臂17克服后缓冲件15的弹力向上方摆动时，连接板30被向上方拉起并使后缓冲件15收缩。由此，在支承连接板30的下端部的缓冲连杆40产生拉伸负荷F。
图3是缓冲连杆40的立体图。另外，图4是构成缓冲连杆40的纤维强化树脂50及金属部件60的立体图。以下，关于指向车体前后方向的缓冲连杆40，将前后方向的尺寸称为“长度”，将上下方向的尺寸称为“厚度”，将车宽方向(左右方向)的尺寸称为“宽度”。
缓冲连杆40为通过粘接剂在由铝等金属构成的金属部件60的表面粘贴形成环状的圆环形状的纤维强化树脂50的结构。金属部件60除外侧形状外，包括摆动轴通过的贯通孔61a及各部的减重孔在车体前后方向及上下方向分别呈对称形状。由此，能够使对金属部件60施加的拉伸负荷F无偏斜地作用于各部。
本申请发明的缓冲连杆40的目的在于，构成为通过在金属部件60的外周粘接固定环状的纤维强化树脂50，不仅简单实现缓冲连杆40的轻量化，而且能够在施加了超过金属部件60的强度极限的拉伸负荷F时目视确认纤维强化树脂50从金属部件60剥离的状态。只要能够确认纤维强化树脂50的剥离，就能够在破损状态的初期的阶段进行更换作业，因此，特别是在赛车等中可将缓冲连杆抑制在需要最低限的强度，促进轻量化。
纤维强化树脂50通过将利用合成树脂固定碳纤维及玻璃纤维等纤维原料而成的细长的带状原材料在金属部件60的表面卷绕多次(参照图6)而形成为环状。细长的带状原材料形成为纤维原料的方向沿着其长度方向。
图5是缓冲连杆40的侧视图。在缓冲连杆40的金属部件60的两端部设置有形成有贯通孔61a的支承部61。在两端部的支承部61之间形成有上下及左右对称形状的第一减重孔65、第二减重孔66及第三减重孔62。
在金属部件60的上下方向的中央，沿着连结两端部的贯通孔61a的中心的直线配设有板状的中央肋69，其也是分割上下的减重孔65、66的壁。在中央肋69的上下设置有合计4个纵肋64，它们也是分割第一减重孔65和第二减重孔66的壁。
第一减重孔65的第一外侧壁67及第二减重孔66的第二外侧壁68构成粘接纤维强化树脂50的金属部件60的表面。纤维强化树脂50从支承部61的圆弧状的外周面一直粘接到外侧壁67，68的表面。
在金属部件60的靠中央的位置形成有厚度尺寸比在支承部61的外周部测量的厚度尺寸Ta小的凹部C。更具体而言，与中央肋69平行地配设的第一外侧壁67构成直线部A。在该第一外侧壁67的部分所测量的金属部件60的厚度尺寸T被设定为比支承部61的厚度尺寸Ta小。另外，与第一外侧壁67的两端相连的第二外侧壁68构成厚度尺寸从中央的厚度尺寸T朝向两端的厚度尺寸Ta逐渐增加的倾斜部B。凹部C由直线部A及与直线部A的两端相连的倾斜部B构成。而且，金属部件60的纵肋64配设于与连结第一外侧壁67和第二外侧壁68的点100对应的位置。
图6是图5所示的虚线圆200部分的放大图。纤维强化树脂50在金属部件60的表面粘贴薄膜状的粘接剂52后，通过将细长的带状原材料51从卷绕开始点S至卷绕终点G卷绕多次(例如10次)而构成。这样，因为卷绕细长的带状原材料51，所以很少产生原料的碎片，提高纤维强化树脂50的制造的成品率。另外，通过使卷绕过程机械化，能够减少在手工作业时粘贴原料的工序，能够减少生产工时数。而且，卷绕带状原材料51后对整体加热，由此，热固化性的粘接剂52固化，相互的带状原材料51之间也粘合。
这样形成的纤维强化树脂50由于带状原材料51的纤维方向沿着长度方向，因此全部的层的纤维原料相连，能够提高缓冲连杆40的抗拉伸负荷。另外，由于纤维方向一定，因此也提高层间的粘接强度，难以产生层间剥离。
图7是表示拉伸负荷F的相关方的缓冲连杆40的侧视图。图8是达到破损状态的缓冲连杆40的侧视图。在缓冲连杆40的支承部61上所施加的拉伸负荷F作为将金属部件60向长度方向拉伸的力起作用，并且作为通过作用在凹部C的纤维强化树脂50的拉力Ft使纤维强化树脂50从金属部件60的表面剥离的上下方向的力Fw起作用。因此，缓冲连杆40至达到初期的破损状态的抗拉伸负荷影响金属部件60的拉伸强度及粘接剂的抗剥离强度。
使纤维强化树脂50剥离的力Fw集中在连结第一外侧壁67和第二外侧壁68的点100。纵肋64设置于与点100对应的位置，受到向上下方向的拉伸负荷。而且，拉伸负荷F超过缓冲连杆40的抗拉伸负荷时，金属部件60沿长度方向延伸，并且纤维强化树脂50的剥离从金属部件60的点100的部分开始。
如图5所示，金属部件60的凹部C由直线部A和倾斜部B构成，因此，在超过强度极限的拉伸负荷F施加在缓冲连杆40时，产生剥离纤维强化树脂50的力Fw。因此，纤维强化树脂50的剥离易从点100产生。其结果，通过在点100目视容易确认纤维强化树脂50的剥离，更容易确认缓冲连杆40的更换时间。
图8中表示金属部件60变形至从凹部C剥离的纤维强化树脂50成为直线状的状态。即使达到该状态，只要形成环状的纤维强化树脂50不断裂，仍能够维持缓冲连杆40的功能，因此可在发生功能不全前进行更换作业。
此外，缓冲连杆的指向方向及配设位置、金属部件的材质及形状、减重孔及肋的形状、纤维强化树脂的材质及带状原材料的形状、带状原材料的匝数、粘接剂的材质及形状等不限于上述实施方式，可进行各种变更。例如，金属部件的形状也可以与应用部分的特性及要求一致，在前后上下为非对称的形状。此外，利用环状的热固化树脂覆盖金属部件的上述结构不限于机动二轮车的缓冲连杆，可以应用于施加车体架的十字管、座椅架、悬挂发动机的杆部件等拉伸负荷的各种部件。

Claims (5)

1.一种鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆，应用于机动二轮车(1)，该机动二轮车(1)具有：摆臂(17)，其转动自如地轴支承后轮(WR)，并且相对于车体架(2)可摆动地安装；后缓冲件(15)，其对该摆臂(17)施加摆动反力；连接板(30)，其对该后缓冲件(15)及所述摆臂(17)可相互摆动地轴支承；缓冲连杆(40)，其将该连接板(30)的一端部可摆动地轴支承于所述车体架(2)；其特征在于，
所述缓冲连杆(40)是在克服所述后缓冲件(15)的弹力而所述摆臂(17)摆动时施加负荷(F)的细长部件，
所述缓冲连杆(40)是利用呈环状的纤维强化树脂(50)覆盖金属部件(60)的表面的一部分的结构，
所述纤维强化树脂(50)通过薄膜状的粘接剂(52)粘接于所述金属部件(60)的表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆，其特征在于，
在所述金属部件(60)的长度方向的两端部分别设置有施加所述负荷(F)的支承部(61)，
在所述两端部的支承部(61)之间设置有所述金属部件(60)的厚度尺寸(T)比所述支承部(61)的厚度尺寸(Ta)小的凹部(C)，并且形成有多个减重孔(62、65、66)，
所述纤维强化树脂(50)至少覆盖所述支承部(61)及所述凹部(C)的表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆，其特征在于，
所述纤维强化树脂(50)通过将细长的带状原材料(51)在所述金属部件(60)的表面卷绕多次而构成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆，其特征在于，
所述纤维强化树脂(50)的纤维方向沿着所述带状原材料(51)的长度方向。
5.根据权利要求2～4中任一项所述的鞍乘型车辆的缓冲连杆，其特征在于，
设置于所述金属部件(60)的凹部(C)由在长度方向的大致中央维持一定的厚度尺寸(T)的直线部(A)、和从该直线部(A)的两端部朝向所述支承部(61)逐渐增加厚度尺寸的倾斜部(B)构成。
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