CN110037215A - 一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
- A23L2/84—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter using microorganisms or biological material, e.g. enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/34—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using microwaves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Abstract
本发明提供一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,涉及青稞加工技术领域,包括初步处理、粉碎、微波破壁、三次去离子水提取、离心分离、过滤、沉淀、灭菌、灌装等步骤。本发明的有益效果在于:本发明制成的饮料富含膳食纤维、葡聚糖、维生素等多种营养物质;仅采用去离子水进行提取,不使用任何有机溶剂或酸碱试剂,纯天然提取,无有害物质残留;同时提取方法绿色环保,无废水、废气等有害物质排放,不污染环境;采用青稞麸皮为原料制备饮料,可以将当地的资源优势转化为经济优势,增加农牧民收入,实现将青稞麸皮变废为宝,实现青稞资源的综合利用;工艺简单,产业化实现容易,原料价格低,因此生产成本低,具有良好的市场竞争力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及青稞加工技术领域,具体是涉及一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法。
背景技术
青稞也被称裸大麦,是产自我国青藏高原地区的一种特色谷物,已有三千五百年的栽培历史。青藏高原高寒地区的青海青稞,海拔2600-3000米、光照充足、气候干旱、昼夜温差大、常年平均气温在3.3℃的一种无污染的特色谷物。青稞的营养成分较高,含有总纤维和可溶性纤维均高于其它的谷类作物,同时还有丰富的油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸等不饱和脂肪酸和丰富的维生素C、维生素E、维生素B族及丰富的微量元素:铁、铜、锌等,其中青稞中18种氨基酸对于补充人体每天所需的氨基酸有着非常重要的意义,是一种兼食用、酿造、饲用、药用的谷物作物。
青稞麸皮为青稞最外层的表皮。过去主要是用作饲料,经济价值不高。经研究发现,麸皮可进行多层次的开发利用,深加工潜力大、门路多。含有大量人体必需的营养成分,麸皮中的β-葡聚糖和大量的膳食纤维,具有清理肠胃防癌抗癌,降低血糖、血脂和胆固醇,提高机体免疫力具有很高的食品加工和医疗保健作用。
以青稞为原料的产品目前市场上多以青稞酒、青稞饼干为主,但是青稞酒不能大众化,老人和儿童不易饮用,并且对于青壮年的人群也不易多饮,近几年有以青稞为原料的茶类产品,但多以青稞谷粒为原料,通常不经过提取直接入料,也有关于青稞麸皮提取物的提取方法的研究,但大多使用较多的酸碱以及其他化学试剂,对饮品的口味影响较大。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的缺点,本发明提出了一种以青稞麸皮为原料,采用绿色、环保、健康的提取方法,制备出一种味道清香、营养丰富的纯正绿色饮品。
本发明提供一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S01:初步处理,青稞谷粒通过谷物筛选及清洗,去除泥沙、石子、秸秆等杂质;
S02:粉碎,磨面机三道研磨,得到将青稞面粉与青稞麸皮;
S03:微波辐照破壁;
S04:第一次提取,取微波辐照后的青稞麸皮加入α-淀粉酶,搅拌均匀后加入去离子水提取,离心分离得到上清液和残渣;
S05:第二次提取,取S04得到的残渣加入α-淀粉酶,搅拌均匀后加入去离子水提取,离心分离得到上清液和残渣;
S06:第三次提取,取S05得到的残渣加入去离子水提取,离心分离得到上清液和残渣;
S07:合并S04、S05和S06得到的上清液,过滤、沉淀、灭菌、灌装即得青稞麸皮饮料。
所述的微波辐照破壁具体为:将青稞麸皮进行微波辐照,青稞麸皮温度达到90-100℃辐照2-5min。
所述的第一次提取具体为:取微波破壁后的青稞麸皮加入α-淀粉酶,α-淀粉酶与青稞麸皮的质量比为0.5-2:400,搅拌均匀,按料水质量比1:1-6加入去离子水,95-100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200-300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000-4000r/min,时间为10-20min。
所述的第二次提取具体为:取S04得到的残渣加入α-淀粉酶,α-淀粉酶与青稞麸皮的质量比为0.5-2:400,搅拌均匀,按料水质量比1:1-6加入去离子水,95-100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200-300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000-4000r/min,时间为10-20min。
所述的第三次提取具体为:取S05得到的残渣,按料水质量比1:1-6加入去离子水,95-100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200-300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000-4000r/min,时间为10-20min。
所述的S07中的沉淀时间为3-12h;
所述的S07中灌装前还可以适当加入防腐剂,延长饮料的保质期。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明提供的方法,对青稞麸皮的提取采用去离子水作为提取溶剂,不采用任何有机溶剂,并且全过程不添加任何酸或碱试剂,纯天然提取,无任何可能影响人体健康的物质引入及残留,为纯正的绿色饮品;
采用微波破壁的方法,实现破壁的同时,使青稞麸皮产生轻微的焦香味,进一步改善饮料的口感;
使用淀粉酶除去麸皮中的淀粉的同时,增加提取液中的葡萄糖的含量,使得饮料口感更佳,并省去了后续添加糖分的步骤,节约了成本。
本发明制成的产品无碳酸气、无咖啡因、无酒精,无塑化剂,口感微甜,有很浓的麦香气味,老少皆宜,并且含有膳食纤维、葡聚糖、维生素等多种营养物质,在运功或者工作流汗后,能为身体补充水分和所需养份,是调节身体平衡的最佳饮品。
本发明提供的方法绿色环保,无废水、废气等有害物质排放,不污染环境,提取后的残渣可直接用于堆肥,不会对土壤带来酸、碱或者盐的负担,完全符合国家绿色环保开发的要求。
采用青稞麸皮为原料制备饮料,可以将当地的资源优势转化为经济优势,增加农牧民收入,实现将青稞麸皮变废为宝,实现青稞资源的综合利用。
本发明采用的方法,工艺简单,产业化实现容易,原料价格低,因此生产成本低,具有良好的市场竞争力。
附图说明
图1为本发明工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1,将青稞谷粒通过谷物筛选及清洗,去除泥沙、石子、秸秆等杂质;取100Kg青稞谷粒经磨面机三道研磨,得到将70Kg青稞面粉与30Kg青稞麸皮;将青稞麸皮进行微波辐照,青稞麸皮温度达到100℃辐照5min;
第一次提取,取微波辐照后的30Kg青稞麸皮加入加入α-淀粉酶0.15Kg搅拌均匀,去离子水180Kg,100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为4000r/min,时间为20min;
第二次提取,取第一次提取得到的残渣加入α-淀粉酶0.15Kg,搅拌均匀,加入去离子水180Kg,100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为4000r/min,时间为20min;
S06:第三次提取,取第二次提取得到的残渣加入去离子水180Kg,100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为4000r/min,时间为20min;
S07:灌装,合并三次提取得到的上清液,过滤、静置沉淀12h、灭菌灌装即得青稞麸皮饮料。
实施例2,将青稞谷粒通过谷物筛选及清洗,去除泥沙、石子、秸秆等杂质;取50Kg青稞谷粒经磨面机三道研磨,得到将35Kg青稞面粉与15Kg青稞麸皮;将青稞麸皮进行微波辐照,青稞麸皮温度达到95℃辐照2min;
取微波辐照后的15Kg青稞麸皮加入加入α-淀粉酶0.04Kg搅拌均匀,加入去离子水60Kg,97℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为250r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3500r/min,时间为10min;
取第一次提取得到的残渣加入α-淀粉酶0.04Kg,搅拌均匀,加入去离子水60Kg,97℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为250r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3500r/min,时间为10min;
取第二次提取得到的残渣加入去离子水60Kg,97℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为250r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3500r/min,时间为10min;
合并三次提取得到的上清液,过滤、沉淀8h、灭菌、加入防腐剂和调味剂,灌装即得青稞麸皮饮料。
实施例3,将青稞谷粒通过谷物筛选及清洗,去除泥沙、石子、秸秆等杂质;取50Kg青稞谷粒经磨面机三道研磨,得到将35Kg青稞面粉与15Kg青稞麸皮;将青稞麸皮进行微波辐照,青稞麸皮温度达到90℃辐照3min;
取微波辐照后的15Kg青稞麸皮加入α-淀粉酶0.037Kg,搅拌均匀,加入去离子水15Kg,95℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000r/min,时间为15min;
取第一次提取得到的残渣加入α-淀粉酶0.037Kg,搅拌均匀,加入去离子水15Kg,95℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000r/min,时间为15min;
取第二次提取得到的残渣加入去离子水15Kg,95℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000r/min,时间为15min;
合并三次提取得到的上清液,过滤、沉淀3h、灭菌、加入防腐剂和调味剂,灌装即得青稞麸皮饮料。
Claims (6)
1.一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S01:初步处理,青稞谷粒通过谷物筛选及清洗,除去杂质;
S02:粉碎,磨面机三道研磨,得到将青稞面粉与青稞麸皮;
S03:微波辐照破壁;
S04:第一次提取,取微波辐照后的青稞麸皮加入α-淀粉酶,搅拌均匀后加入去离子水提取,离心分离得到上清液和残渣;
S05:第二次提取,取S04得到的残渣加入α-淀粉酶,搅拌均匀后加入去离子水提取,离心分离得到上清液和残渣;
S06:第三次提取,取S05得到的残渣加入去离子水提取,离心分离得到上清液和残渣;
S07:合并S04、S05和S06得到的上清液,过滤、沉淀、灭菌、灌装即得青稞麸皮饮料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的微波辐照破壁具体为:将青稞麸皮进行微波辐照,青稞麸皮温度达到90-100℃辐照2-5min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的第一次提取具体为:取微波破壁后的青稞麸皮加入α-淀粉酶,α-淀粉酶与青稞麸皮的质量比为0.5-2:400,搅拌均匀,按料水质量比1:1-6加入去离子水,95-100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200-300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000-4000r/min,时间为10-20min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的第二次提取具体为:取S04得到的残渣加入α-淀粉酶,α-淀粉酶与青稞麸皮的质量比为0.5-2:400,搅拌均匀,按料水质量比1:1-6加入去离子水,95-100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200-300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000-4000r/min,时间为10-20min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的第三次提取具体为:取S05得到的残渣,按料水质量比1:1-6加入去离子水,95-100℃搅拌回流提取2h,搅拌速率为200-300r/min,离心分离后得到上清液和残渣,转速为3000-4000r/min,时间为10-20min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种青稞麸皮饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的S07中的沉淀时间为3-12h。
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