CN110025741A - 一种四妙凉血颗粒剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种四妙凉血颗粒剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110025741A
CN110025741A CN201910256803.6A CN201910256803A CN110025741A CN 110025741 A CN110025741 A CN 110025741A CN 201910256803 A CN201910256803 A CN 201910256803A CN 110025741 A CN110025741 A CN 110025741A
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唐春丽
农必华
黄敏
杨力龙
黄庆
梁森
兰庆同
陈玲
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First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种四妙凉血颗粒剂及其制备方法,按照质量份包括以下组分:苍术10‑20份、黄柏5‑15份、地龙10‑20份、丹皮10‑20份、薏苡仁5‑15份、土茯苓25‑35份、萆薢10‑20份、王不留行5‑15份、威灵仙5‑15份、毛冬青25‑35份、牛膝10‑20份、茯苓10‑20份。以上十二味,加水煎煮三次,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩成干膏,粉碎,加糊精,混匀,加乙醇适量,制软材,制粒,干燥小时,整粒,即得。本发明的提取工艺和制备工艺稳定可行。

Description

一种四妙凉血颗粒剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于中药组合物技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种四妙凉血颗粒剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
急性痛风性关节炎是尿酸钠盐在关节及关节周围组织以结晶形式沉积引起的急性炎症反应,临床上常使用秋水仙碱、非甾体类抗炎药及糖皮质激素和促肾上腺皮质激素治疗,疗效较好,但有较大的副作用[1]。中医理论中痛风又名“痛风”、“贼风”、“痹”、“历节”等,《外台秘要》描述痛风的病因为“热毒气从脏腑中出,攻于手足,则赤热肿痛也,人五脏六腑井荥输,皆出于手足指,故此毒从内而出,攻于手足也”。“湿、热、瘀”是急性痛风性关节炎的三大特征,“清热利湿,化瘀凉血”是治疗急性痛风性关节炎的方法。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明针对上述的问题,提供了一种四妙凉血颗粒剂及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明公开了一种四妙凉血颗粒剂,暂时不写。
与现有技术相比,本发明可以获得包括以下技术效果:
1)本发明的四妙凉血颗粒剂具有清热利湿、化瘀凉血等功效,疗效确切,该固体制剂,便于服用、携带与存储。
2)本发明采用水提取工艺,制备工艺稳定、可靠、重复性好,制备得到的四妙凉血颗粒质量可控。
当然,实施本发明的任一产品并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有技术效果。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本发明的一部分,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1是本发明盐酸小檗碱对照品(A)、四妙凉血颗粒(B)、阴性对照(C)的HPLC图;1为盐酸小檗碱的峰值;
图2是本发明不同相对湿度下浸膏粉的吸湿率。
具体实施方式
以下将配合实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,藉此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题并达成技术功效的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
本发明公开了一种四妙凉血颗粒剂,按照质量份包括以下组分:苍术10-20份、黄柏5-15份、地龙10-20份、丹皮10-20份、薏苡仁5-15份、土茯苓25-35份、萆薢10-20份、王不留行5-15份、威灵仙5-15份、毛冬青25-35份、牛膝10-20份、茯苓10-20份;
本发明还公开了一种四妙凉血颗粒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、称量:按照质量份称量以下组分:苍术10-20份、黄柏5-15份、地龙10-20份、丹皮10-20份、薏苡仁5-15份、土茯苓25-35份、萆薢10-20份、王不留行5-15份、威灵仙5-15份、毛冬青25-35份、牛膝10-20份、茯苓10-20份;
步骤2、将称量好的各组分混合得到中药混合物,加水浸泡至透心,其中,中药混合物与水的质量体积比(g/ml)为1:8-1:16,浸泡时间为0.5-1.5h,提取1-3次,每次1h,400目滤布滤过,取续滤液,即得浸膏;
步骤3、将浸膏粉碎,加1.5倍糊精,混匀,加乙醇适量,制软材,制粒,45-55℃干燥1-5小时,整粒,即得。
实施例1
一种四妙凉血颗粒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、称量:按照质量份称量以下组分:苍术15份、黄柏10份、地龙15份、丹皮15份、薏苡仁10份、土茯苓30份、萆薢15份、王不留行10份、威灵仙10份、毛冬青30份、牛膝15份、茯苓15份;
步骤2、将称量好的各组分混合得到中药混合物,加水浸泡至透心,其中,中药混合物与水的质量体积比(g/ml)为1:12,浸泡时间为1h,提取1-3次,每次1h,400目滤布滤过,取续滤液,即得浸膏;
步骤3、将浸膏粉碎,加1.5倍糊精,混匀,加乙醇适量,制软材,制粒,50℃干燥3小时,整粒,即得。
实施例2
一种四妙凉血颗粒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、称量:按照质量份称量以下组分:苍术10份、黄柏15份、地龙10份、丹皮20份、薏苡仁5份、土茯苓35份、萆薢10份、王不留行15份、威灵仙5份、毛冬青35份、牛膝10份、茯苓20份;
步骤2、将称量好的各组分混合得到中药混合物,加水浸泡至透心,其中,中药混合物与水的质量体积比(g/ml)为1:8,浸泡时间为1.5h,提取1-3次,每次1h,400目滤布滤过,取续滤液,即得浸膏;
步骤3、将浸膏粉碎,加1.5倍糊精,混匀,加乙醇适量,制软材,制粒,45℃干燥5小时,整粒,即得。
实施例3
一种四妙凉血颗粒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、称量:按照质量份称量以下组分:苍术20份、黄柏5份、地龙20份、丹皮10份、薏苡仁15份、土茯苓25份、萆薢20份、王不留行5份、威灵仙15份、毛冬青25份、牛膝20份、茯苓10份;
步骤2、将称量好的各组分混合得到中药混合物,加水浸泡至透心,其中,中药混合物与水的质量体积比(g/ml)为1:16,浸泡时间为0.5h,提取1-3次,每次1h,400目滤布滤过,取续滤液,即得浸膏;
步骤3、将浸膏粉碎,加1.5倍糊精,混匀,加乙醇适量,制软材,制粒,55℃干燥1小时,整粒,即得。
下面结合具体的实验数据来说明本发明的技术效果:
一、提取工艺中盐酸小檗碱转移率和得膏率的计算:
1、提取工艺中盐酸小檗碱转移率的计算
(1)色谱条件与系统适用性:
色谱柱为Ultimate XB-C18柱(4.6×25.nm,5μm);以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(50:50)(每100ml加十二烷基硫酸钠0.1g)为流动相;以1mL/min流速等度洗脱;检测波长为345nm;柱温为30℃;进样量为10μL。
(2)对照品溶液的制备:
取盐酸小檗碱对照品适量,精密称定,加甲醇制成每1mL含盐酸小檗碱22μg的溶液,即得。
(3)供试品溶液的制备:
精密量取提取液10mL,置100ml容量瓶中,加入流动相80mL密塞,超声处理40min,放冷,用流动相定容到刻度,摇匀,离心(12000r/min)10min,取上清液,即得。
(4)阴性供试品溶液的制备:
取不含黄柏的提取液10mL,按“供试品溶液的制备”方法处理,即得。
(5)测定法:
精密吸取上述溶液,注入色谱仪,依法测定。用外标法计算浓度。
(6)方法学考察
①专属性:
精密吸取对照品溶液、阴性供试品溶液、供试品溶液各10μL,按“色谱条件与系统适用性”项下测定峰面积,结果见图1。由图1可知,对照品和供试品溶液在同一时间出峰,阴性无干扰,表明该方法专属性良好。
②线性及范围:
精密吸取盐酸小檗碱对照品溶液2、5、10、15、20μL,按“2.2.1”项下色谱条件进样分析。以峰面积为纵坐标、进样量为横坐标,绘制标准曲线。得到盐酸小檗碱的回归方程:Y=36937.5162X-4956.1707(R=0.9997),表明其在0.044~0.44μg与峰面积具有良好的线性关系。
③精密度:
精密吸取盐酸小檗碱对照品溶液10μL,连续进样7次,计算盐酸小檗碱峰面积RSD为0.92%,表明方法的精密度良好。
④稳定性:
精密量取提取液10mL,按供试品制备方法处理,即得供试品溶液。分别在0、2、4、8、12、24h时进样测定,计算盐酸小檗碱峰面积RSD为1.87%,表明供试品溶液放置在24h内,盐酸小檗碱的含量稳定。
⑤重复性:
精密量取提取液6份,每份10.0mL,按供试品制备方法处理,即得供试品溶液,分别进行测定,计算盐酸小檗碱峰面积RSD为2.06%,表明方法的重复性良好。
⑥准确度:
取提取液6份,每份10mL,分别加入盐酸小檗碱对照品浓储备液(浓度为3.6mg/mL)0.5mL,按照供试品制备方法处理并进行测定,测定样品中的盐酸小檗碱含量,并计算回收率。盐酸小檗碱的平均回收率为98.53%,RSD为1.69%,见表1。
表1盐酸小檗碱含量测定的加样回收率(n=6)
(7)盐酸小檗碱转移率的计算按照《中国药典(一部)》中黄柏的含量测定法测定黄柏药材中盐酸小檗碱的量W0,同时计算提取液中盐酸小檗碱的量W1,计算转移率(Y1,Y1%=W1/W0×100%)。
2、得膏率的测定精密吸取提取液20mL(折算相应饮片重量Wd),置已知重量(W2)的蒸发皿中,105℃干燥至恒重,称定重量(W3),计算得膏率(Y2,Y2%=(W3-W2)/Wd×100%)。
实施例1-3制备得到的浸膏的盐酸小檗碱转移率和得膏率如表2。
表2实施例1-3制备得到的浸膏的盐酸小檗碱转移率和得膏率
盐酸小檗碱浓度(%) 得膏率(%)
实施例1 28.67 21.32
实施例2 32.55 20.32
实施例3 19.92 20.09
二、成型工艺中的剂型、稀释剂、润湿剂、湿颗粒干燥温度等的选择
1、剂型的选择:
直接将药材煎煮成汤剂给药,由于汤剂携带不方便、服用体积大、久置易霉变等缺点,因此,需选择合适的剂型。因为液体制剂(口服液、糖浆)存在稳定性差的问题,对制备工艺要求更高,故考虑选择固体制剂[4]。本方日服用生药量225g(1日3次,折合成每次服用生药量75g),按上述最佳提取工艺得膏率估算,每日服用浸膏约47.97g,服用量较大,因此选择颗粒剂更为合适。
2、评价指标:
以制备过程中制粒情况、颗粒性状、成型率、溶化性等对制备工艺进行评价。成型率=能通过1号筛但不能通过5号筛的颗粒重量/(药粉重量+辅料重量)。溶化性参照现行版药典执行。
3处方优化:
取浸膏粉末,与辅料按一定比例混合,加适量润湿剂制软材,过14目筛制粒,50℃干燥3h,即得。将制得的颗粒用1号筛和5号筛进行整粒,收集1号筛和5号筛之间的颗粒,并记录好制粒、颗粒情况,计算颗粒的成型率。
3.1稀释剂种类:
将浸膏粉与辅料按1:1比例混合,用乙醇为润湿剂制软材,挤压过14目筛制粒,干燥,整粒。结果见表3,甘露醇的样品溶化性不合格,糖粉吸湿性强、难制粒,乳糖在部分人群中存在胃肠道不耐受的现象,因此选择糊精作为稀释剂。
表3稀释剂种类筛选结果
3.2稀释剂用量:
将浸膏粉与糊精按1:1、1:1.5、1:2、1.5:1、2:1的比例混合制粒,结果见表4,稀释剂用量少的时候难制粒,浸膏-稀释剂比在1:1.5时,颗粒颜色适中、均匀、溶化性合格、成型率较高。
表4稀释剂用量考察
3.3润湿剂浓度:
浸膏粉非常容易吸湿,吸湿后粘性非常大,因此不需要加粘合剂制粒,加润湿剂诱发粘性即可。本发明将浸膏粉与糊精按1:1.5比例混合,以75%、80%、85%、90%、95%和无水乙醇等浓度的乙醇作为润湿剂进行制粒,结果见表5,选择95%乙醇作为润湿剂更合适。
表5润湿剂浓度考察
3.4湿颗粒干燥温度
取湿颗粒4份,分别置于40、50、60、70℃温度下干燥,结果表明在40℃下干燥,颗粒发生黏连,而温度60℃以上时颗粒出现融化、粘连,在50℃时颗粒较为均匀,因此湿颗粒干燥温度选择50℃。
3.4湿颗粒干燥时间:
取湿颗粒3份,50℃下分别干燥1、2、3h,用快速水分测定仪测定颗粒含水量,结果显示颗粒含水量分别为8.06%、5.68%、4.29%,因此确定湿颗粒在50℃下干燥时间不得低于3h,颗粒含水量可控制在5%以内。
3.5成型工艺的验证
将实施例1-3制备得到的四妙凉血颗粒,采用FT-104B休止角测定仪进行测定,计算休止角(tga=h/r),结果见表6,按照上述成型工艺制备,易制粒,颗粒均匀且硬度适中,成型率高,溶化性合格,休止角均小于40°,流动相较好,工艺切实可行。
表6成型工艺验证结果
4、干颗粒临界相对湿度(CRH)的测定:
取干颗粒1.5g,精密称定,置已标记并恒定质量的三角瓶中,将三角瓶分别置于8种不同过饱和盐溶液的干燥器(将三角瓶盖打开),置于25℃恒温培养箱中,定时称量,至恒定重量,每个干燥器中平行测定3份,计算吸湿率百分率(Moisture absorption,吸湿率百分率%=(吸湿后的重量-吸湿前的重量)/吸湿前的重量)。以相对湿度(RH%)为横坐标,吸湿百分率为纵坐标作图,作曲线两端的切线,两切线的交点对应的横坐标即为CRH,如图2所示,干颗粒的CRH约为68%,为颗粒的制备、分装、包装、和存储条件提供参考依据。
上述说明示出并描述了发明的若干优选实施例,但如前所述,应当理解发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式,不应看作是对其他实施例的排除,而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境,并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内,通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离发明的精神和范围,则都应在发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种四妙凉血颗粒剂,其特征在于,按照质量份包括以下组分:苍术10-20份、黄柏5-15份、地龙10-20份、丹皮10-20份、薏苡仁5-15份、土茯苓25-35份、萆薢10-20份、王不留行5-15份、威灵仙5-15份、毛冬青25-35份、牛膝10-20份、茯苓10-20份。
2.一种四妙凉血颗粒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、称量:按照质量份称量以下组分:苍术10-20份、黄柏5-15份、地龙10-20份、丹皮10-20份、薏苡仁5-15份、土茯苓25-35份、萆薢10-20份、王不留行5-15份、威灵仙5-15份、毛冬青25-35份、牛膝10-20份、茯苓10-20份;
步骤2、将称量好的各组分混合得到中药混合物,加水浸泡至透心,提取,400目滤布滤过,取续滤液,即得浸膏;
步骤3、将浸膏粉碎,加1.5倍糊精,混匀,加乙醇适量,制软材,制粒,干燥,整粒,即得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中的中药混合物与水的质量体积比(g/ml)为1:8-1:16。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中的浸泡时间为0.5-1.5h。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中的提取1-3次,每次1h。
6.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中的干燥温度为45-55℃,干燥时间为1-5小时。
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