CN110004710B - 超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110004710B CN110004710B CN201910232169.2A CN201910232169A CN110004710B CN 110004710 B CN110004710 B CN 110004710B CN 201910232169 A CN201910232169 A CN 201910232169A CN 110004710 B CN110004710 B CN 110004710B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- super
- fabric
- oil
- underwater
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 mercaptosiloxane Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Substances CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 52
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 48
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012650 click reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001612 separation test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- GJKGAPPUXSSCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 GJKGAPPUXSSCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WTGIOQMHIHCSPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylsilicon Chemical compound S[Si] WTGIOQMHIHCSPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/325—Amines
- D06M13/332—Di- or polyamines
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/38—Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/11—Oleophobic properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水的织物的制备方法及其应用。该制备方法先将干净的织物放在正硅酸乙酯和含巯基硅氧烷的乙醇混合溶液中浸泡,取出放在含有氨气的反应容器中且不接触氨水的情况下反应,反应后干燥;所得到的织物放入到含有甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯和光引发剂加的四氢呋喃混合溶液中浸泡,取出,放入到100~400nm的紫外光灯下反应30~180min,洗净,烘干,得到超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水的织物。该织物的水下油接触角达到162°,油下水接触角达到162°,可用于按需对油水混合物进行分离,分离效率达到99%;同时还可以多次循环分离,分离效率也达到99%以上。
Description
技术领域
本法涉及一种超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水材料,特别是涉及一种用于油水分离的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着海上石油泄漏事故的频发,含油废水的大规模排放,生态环境遭受到了巨大的威胁。传统的油水分离方法,例如:重力分离,离心分离,化学分离一般都具有耗时高、效率低和成本高的问题。随着表面润湿性能材料的发展,具有特殊润湿性能的表面材料用于油水分离通常具有高效、节能、低成本的优点,因此成为人们的研究热点之一。近年来,具有特殊润湿性能的油水分离的材料一般包括两种,一种是超亲水水下超疏油的表面材料,这类材料一般只能适用于分离轻油(密度比水小的油)和水的混合物;另一种是超疏水超亲油的表面材料,这类材料一般只适用于分离重油(密度比水大的油)的油水混合物。因此,能够开发出一种能同时对轻油和水、重油和水进行按需分离的特殊润湿性能材料是非常有应用前景的。
中国发明专利申请2017103880609(2017.10.24)公开了一种有机无机超亲水和水下超疏油织物及其制备方法和应用。该制备方法是先将正硅酸乙酯、多巯基功能单体和聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯加入到乙醇中配成溶液,将织物浸入所述溶液中1-5min后取出;所得织物置于装有氨水和正丁胺溶液的密闭容器中且不接触氨水和正丁胺,将密闭容器放入烘箱并在30-60℃温度下反应0.5-3h,制得有机无机超亲水和水下超疏油织物,其水接触角在0.36秒即可达到0°,水下油接触角达到160°,可用于油水分离,分离效率达99.5%,并具有良好的循环使用性。但是该现有技术仅仅只有水下疏油的效果,并没有能达到油下超疏水的效果,因此在分离重油和水的时候,重油(密度大于水的油)会下沉,并且在织物与水之间形成一层油层阻碍水流过织物最终导致分离重油和水的效率偏低。
发明内容
本发明针对目前超亲水水下超疏油材料和超疏水超亲油材料不能很好进行按需对油水混合物进行分离的问题,提供一种同时具有水下疏油油下疏水的双重效果,在分离重油和水以及轻油和水的混合物时,都能达到非常高的油水分离效率,操作简单,耐用性能好,可循环使用的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物及其制备方法。
本发明另一目的在于提出所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的在油水分离的应用。
本发明将织物先在含有正硅酸乙酯和巯基硅氧烷乙醇溶液中浸泡,然后转移到含有氨气的密闭容器中,在一定的温度下,以氨气作为催化剂,正硅酸乙酯和巯基硅氧烷进行水解,生成球状的带巯基二氧化硅粒子沉积在织物表面,形成了多层级的粗糙结构;然后将其用含有甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯和光引发剂的溶液中进行浸泡后,取出转移到紫外光下,利用巯基能与双键发生巯基烯点击反应将甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯接枝到表面的表面,最后制备出具有超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水的织物。该方法,简单、快捷、低成本,制备出来的织物可用于油水分离,分离效率能达到99%以上,且具有很好的循环使用效率。
本发明目的通过如下技术方法实现:
超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将干净的织物放在含10~50wt%的正硅酸乙酯和10~40wt%的含巯基硅氧烷的乙醇混合溶液中浸泡,取出放在含有氨气的反应容器中且不接触氨水的情况下反应5~120min,反应温度控制为40~90℃,反应后干燥;
2)将步骤1)所得到的织物放入到含有0.5~10wt%甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯(DMAEMA)和0.05~1wt%光引发剂的四氢呋喃混合溶液中浸泡,取出,放入到100~400nm的紫外光灯下反应30~180min,洗净,烘干,得到超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水的织物。
为进一步实现本发明目的,优选的,所述的织物为棉、聚氨酯、聚酯和尼龙中的一种。
优选的,所述的含巯基硅氧烷为γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷和γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或两种。
优选的,反应容器的氨气由25~28wt%的浓氨水产生,氨水在容器中的体积分数为1.5~15vt%。
优选的,所述的光引发剂为2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮和中的一种或多种。
优选的,步骤1)和步骤2)所述的浸泡的时间为1~60min。
优选的,所述的反应后干燥是反应后在60~100℃下干燥0.5~2h。
优选的,所述的烘干的温度为30~90℃;洗净是用四氢呋喃洗涤。
一种超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的,由上述制备方法制得;在空气中将水和油分别滴在织物表面接触角均为0°;在水下将油滴滴入所述超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物中测得表面的接触角为150~165°,在油下将水滴滴在所述超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物表面测得油下水接触角为150~165°。
所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物在油水分离中应用。
本法与现有技术相比,具有如下优点:
1.制备过程比较简单,原料简单易得;
2.能够实现按需对轻油与水和重油与水的油水混合物进行高效分离;
3.对油水混合物进行循环分离后仍然能达到分离效率大于99%,
4.本发明制备的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物,在空气中的油和水的接触角为0°,在水下油的接触角和在油下水的接触角都能达到162°。
附图说明
图1是纯棉布和超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的X射线光电子能谱分析谱图;
图2是超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的织物在放大5000倍的扫描电镜图;
图3为本发明制备的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物在空气中和异辛烷中与水的接触角图(a、b)、在空气中和水中与异辛烷的接触角(c、d)。
具体实施方法
为更好的理解本发明,下面结合实施例以及附图对本发明做进一步说明,但是本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例所表示的范围。
实施例1
配制含30wt%正硅酸乙酯和10wt%γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇混合溶液,然后将棉布放入上述乙醇混合溶液中浸泡5分钟后取出,接着放入到含有氨气的45℃的密闭容器中反应15分钟,然后取出放入到80℃的烘箱中干燥1小时得干燥后的棉布;配制含有6wt%甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯和0.6wt%的2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮的四氢呋喃溶液,接着将干燥后的棉布放入上述四氢呋喃混合溶液中溶液浸泡2分钟后,放置到365nm紫外光灯下反应30分钟,最后用四氢呋喃洗去表面未反应单体,得到超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的织物。
图1为原始棉布和超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的X射线光电子能谱分析谱图,从图1可以看出,原始棉布表面仅仅含有C和O元素;而在超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物棉布表面含有C、O、S、Si、N元素,其中Si元素来自于正硅酸乙酯和巯基硅氧烷的脱水缩合反应,S元素自与巯基硅氧烷的巯基,N元素来自于甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯,这些元素的存在说明了正硅酸乙酯与巯基硅氧烷反应并生成了巯基二氧化硅并且巯基-烯点击反应将甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯成功的接枝到了棉布表面。
图2为实施1在放大5000倍下的扫描电镜图,从图中可以开出经过反应之后,在棉布表面形成一层粗糙结构。
图3为实施例1棉布在空气中和水中与异辛烷的接触角、在空气中和异辛烷中与水的接触角图,图中3可以看出,水滴和油滴在空气中时的接触角为0°,表现出空气中的超亲水超亲油性能,在异辛烷溶液中,水的接触角为162°,在水中异辛烷的接触角为162°,表现出水下超疏油和油下超疏水的性质。
实施例2
配制含40wt%正硅酸乙酯和10wt%γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇混合溶液,然后将尼龙布放入上述乙醇混合溶液中浸泡5分钟后取出,接着放入到含有氨气的45℃的密闭容器中反应30分钟,然后取出放入到90℃的烘箱中干燥1小时得到干燥后的尼龙;配制含有6wt%甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯和0.6wt%的2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮的四氢呋喃溶液,接着将干燥后的尼龙放入上述四氢呋喃混合溶液浸泡1分钟后,放置到365nm紫外光灯下反应30分钟,最后用四氢呋喃洗去表面未反应单体,得到超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的织物。
实施例3
配制含40wt%正硅酸乙酯和15wt%γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷的乙醇混合溶液,然后将聚氨酯放入上述溶液中浸泡2分钟后取出,放入到含有氨气的45℃的密闭容器中反应60分钟,然后取出放入到70℃的烘箱中干燥1小时得到干燥后的聚氨酯;配制含有7wt%甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯和0.6wt%的2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮的四氢呋喃溶液,将干燥后的聚氨酯放入上述四氢呋喃混合溶液中浸泡1分钟,接着放置到365nm紫外光灯下反应60分钟,最后用四氢呋喃洗去表面未反应单体,得到超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的织物。
实施例4
配制含20wt%正硅酸乙酯和15wt%γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷的乙醇混合溶液,然后将棉布放入上述溶液中浸泡5分钟后取出,放入到含有氨气的60℃的密闭容器中反应30分钟,然后取出放入到80℃的烘箱中干燥0.5小时得到干燥后的棉布;配制含有8wt%甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯和0.8wt%的2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮的四氢呋喃溶液,将干燥后的棉布放入上述四氢呋喃混合溶液中浸泡5分钟后,接着放置到365nm紫外光灯下反应60分钟,最后用四氢呋喃洗去表面未反应单体,得到超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物。
采用上海中晨数字技术设备有限公司的JC2000C1型接触角测量仪对实施例1~4制备多功能超双疏织物在室温下进行接触角测量。表1列出了水下油滴(正己烷、石油醚、氯仿、二氯甲烷)的接触角。测量所使用的油滴的体积为5微升。
表1实施例1~4的水下油接触角
从表1可以看出实施例1~4所制备的所有的织物的水下疏油角都能大于160°,具有很好的水下疏油性。
采用上海中晨数字技术设备有限公司的JC2000C1型接触角测量仪对实施例1~4制备多功能超双疏织物在室温下进行接触角测量。测量使用的水滴的体积为5微升。表2列出了油下(正己烷、石油醚、氯仿、二氯甲烷)水滴的接触角。
表2实施例1~4的油下水接触角
从表2可以看出,实施例1~4所制备的所有的织物的油下水接触角都能大于160°,具有很好的油下疏水性。
油水分离测试
为了证明材料能够对油水混合物进行分离,对本实施例进行油水分离试验。油水分离装置包括分离装置上下两端,分离装置上下两端均为玻璃管,利用水管连接器将两个玻璃管组装起来,再将织物放入到水管连接器中夹紧固定。当分离重油(二氯甲烷、氯仿)和水的混合物时,先将织物用所需分离的重油润湿,然后置于水管连接器内夹紧,随后将重油和水的混合物倒入上层玻璃管,重油会在下层玻璃管中流出并收集,水会被截留在上层玻璃管然后被收集。分离轻油(异辛烷、石油醚)和水的混合物时,先将织物用水润湿,然后置于水管连接器中夹紧,接着将油水混合物倒入到分离装置中,在重力作用下,水流过织物并在下层玻璃管收集,轻油会被截留在上层玻璃管被分离。分离效率为分离后、前的水的质量比,实施例1~4的分离效率如表3:
表3实施例1~4的油水分离效率
表3可以看出,本实施例制备的织物对各种油水混合物的分离效率都能达到99%以上,具有很好的油水分离普遍性;
为了证明油水混合物的循环使用效率,用实施例1~4的织物对二氯甲烷和水的的混合物进行了50次分离,分离结果如表4
表4实施例1~4的循环油水分离效率
表4可以看出,本实施例所制备的织物的油水混合物的分离效率都能达到99%以上,经过50次油水混合物分离之后仍然能够达到99%以上,说明其具有良好的循环使用效率。
本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其它的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)将干净的织物放在含10~50wt%的正硅酸乙酯和10~40wt%的含巯基硅氧烷的乙醇混合溶液中浸泡,取出放在含有氨气的反应容器中且不接触氨水的情况下反应5~120min,反应温度控制为40~90℃,反应后干燥;
2)将步骤1)所得到的织物放入到含有0.5~10wt%甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯和0.05~1wt%光引发剂的四氢呋喃混合溶液中浸泡,取出,放入到100~400nm的紫外光灯下反应30~180min,洗净,烘干,得到超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水的织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的织物为棉、聚氨酯、聚酯和尼龙中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的含巯基硅氧烷为γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷和γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于:反应容器的氨气由25~28wt%的浓氨水产生,氨水在容器中的体积分数为1.5~15vt%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的光引发剂为2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)和步骤2)所述的浸泡的时间为1~60min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的反应后干燥是反应后在60~100℃下干燥0.5~2h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的烘干的温度为30~90℃;洗净是用四氢呋喃洗涤。
9.一种超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物,其特征在于由权利要求1-8任一项所述制备方法制得;在空气中将水和油分别滴在织物表面接触角均为0°;在水下将油滴滴入所述超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物中测得表面的接触角为150~165°,在油下将水滴滴在所述超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物表面测得油下水 接触角为150~165°。
10.权利要求9所述的超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物在油水分离中应用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910232169.2A CN110004710B (zh) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | 超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物及其制备方法与应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910232169.2A CN110004710B (zh) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | 超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物及其制备方法与应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110004710A CN110004710A (zh) | 2019-07-12 |
CN110004710B true CN110004710B (zh) | 2020-04-28 |
Family
ID=67168195
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910232169.2A Expired - Fee Related CN110004710B (zh) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | 超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物及其制备方法与应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110004710B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112376271B (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2023-03-31 | 嘉兴学院 | 一种超亲水/油下超亲水自清洁阻燃棉布的制备方法 |
CN114130222B (zh) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-13 | 西南石油大学 | 一种微凝胶结构的油下超亲水多层膜及其制备方法与应用 |
CN115354497B (zh) * | 2022-01-27 | 2024-02-02 | 青岛大学 | 空气中亲水亲油-水下疏油-油下疏水涂料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114703665B (zh) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-08-04 | 嘉兴学院 | 一种超亲水-超疏油自愈合织物及其制备方法 |
CN115475413B (zh) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-08-04 | 东莞理工学院 | 一种用于油水分离的超亲水铜网及其制备方法 |
CN115463453A (zh) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-12-13 | 同济大学 | 一种用于含油污水的无氟亲水疏油颗粒及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105696306A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种巯基-烯烃点击化学改性纤维制备超疏水纺织品的方法 |
CN106632829A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 齐鲁工业大学 | pH控制由超双疏至超疏水/超亲油转变的材料及制备方法 |
CN107287885A (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-24 | 华南理工大学 | 一种有机无机超亲水和水下超疏油织物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109385893A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 北京服装学院 | 一种具有智能表面的聚酯复合纤维及其制备方法与应用 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101805085B1 (ko) * | 2016-01-04 | 2018-01-10 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 극친수성 표면체, 이의 제조 방법, 및 유수 분리용 필터 |
-
2019
- 2019-03-26 CN CN201910232169.2A patent/CN110004710B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105696306A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种巯基-烯烃点击化学改性纤维制备超疏水纺织品的方法 |
CN106632829A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 齐鲁工业大学 | pH控制由超双疏至超疏水/超亲油转变的材料及制备方法 |
CN107287885A (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-24 | 华南理工大学 | 一种有机无机超亲水和水下超疏油织物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109385893A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 北京服装学院 | 一种具有智能表面的聚酯复合纤维及其制备方法与应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110004710A (zh) | 2019-07-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110004710B (zh) | 超亲水水下超疏油和超亲油油下超疏水织物及其制备方法与应用 | |
Hao et al. | Developing superhydrophobic rock wool for high-viscosity oil/water separation | |
CN105542221B (zh) | 一种耐磨超疏水超亲油聚氨酯海绵、制备方法及其在油水连续分离中的应用 | |
CN109610161B (zh) | 一种多功能的超双疏织物及其制备方法与应用 | |
Xu et al. | Environmentally-friendly fabrication of a recyclable oil-water separation material using copper mesh for immiscible oil/water mixtures | |
US20170036190A1 (en) | Superhydrophobic sponge as an efficient oil absorbent material for oil spill cleanup applications | |
Zhu et al. | Superhydrophobic melamine–formaldehyde sponge functionalized by coupling agent–isocyanate siloxane as efficient absorbents for oil and organic solvents | |
CN113499760A (zh) | 一种高通量超疏水木材、其制备方法及其应用 | |
CN112169375B (zh) | 用于含油污水处理的超亲水-水下超疏油颗粒及其制备和应用方法 | |
Liu et al. | Robust and self-healing superhydrophobic cotton fabric via UV induced click chemistry for oil/water separation | |
CN108410005A (zh) | 一种磁性超疏水海绵材料的制备方法 | |
CN107159129A (zh) | 一种pdms构筑超疏水三聚氰胺海绵碳材料的一步制备法及用途 | |
CN103709815B (zh) | 一种水分散性超双疏微球及其制备方法与应用 | |
Yu et al. | Biomimetic fabrication of superhydrophobic loofah sponge: robust for highly efficient oil–water separation in harsh environments | |
CN105838233A (zh) | 一种有机无机复合亲水疏油涂层及其制备方法 | |
CN109806780A (zh) | 一种线性聚二甲基硅烷修饰油水分离膜的制备方法及其制备的油水分离膜 | |
CN111888800B (zh) | 一种接枝改性棉材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN111116978A (zh) | 一种超耐用疏水性三维多孔油水分离海绵材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
Ma et al. | Melamine foam with pH‐responsive wettability for fast oil absorption and desorption | |
CN109096521A (zh) | 一种水滴铺展时间可控的亲水-疏油涂层及其制备方法 | |
Guo et al. | The fabrication of 3D porous PDMS sponge for Oil and organic solvent absorption | |
CN103601891A (zh) | 一种可交联氟硅树脂及其制备与在超双疏材料上的应用 | |
Zheng et al. | Polydimethylsiloxane/carbonized bacterial cellulose sponge for oil/water separation | |
Biesuz et al. | Polymer-derived Si3N4 nanofelts as a novel oil spills clean-up architecture | |
Wang et al. | Superhydrophobic carbon black-loaded polyurethane sponge for efficient oil-water separation and solar-driven cleanup of high-viscosity crude oil |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200428 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |