CN109997568A - A kind of greenhouse and the winter picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities based on this - Google Patents
A kind of greenhouse and the winter picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities based on this Download PDFInfo
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- CN109997568A CN109997568A CN201910420083.2A CN201910420083A CN109997568A CN 109997568 A CN109997568 A CN 109997568A CN 201910420083 A CN201910420083 A CN 201910420083A CN 109997568 A CN109997568 A CN 109997568A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1407—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
- A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/245—Conduits for heating by means of liquids, e.g. used as frame members or for soil heating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of greenhouse and based on this winter picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities, belong to broad bean plant technology field, greenhouse includes that greenhouse main body, the insulated wall for being set to greenhouse side, the solar energy heat-storage being set to by insulated wall heat component, and it includes black PC force-bearing plate, the catch basin for collecting hot water and the water pump set on catch basin side for absorbing solar thermal energy and water supply heating that the solar energy heat-storage, which heats component,；Lower part is equipped with the heat insulation module of energy folding and unfolding in greenhouse main body, and heat insulation module includes the water distribution hose for keeping the temperature bed course and being bound on heat preservation bed course, and the beginning and end of water distribution hose are connected respectively water pump and catch basin；Implantation methods include greenhouse construction, in due course transplanting, greenhouse temperature control management, training topping, fertilizer and water management, insect pest preventing and controlling and in time pick and etc..The present invention realizes semen viciae fabae and uninterruptedly bears pods in winter the purpose of listing, can meet the needs of people around the Spring Festival are edible to fresh food semen viciae fabae.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to broad bean plant technology field, it is specifically related to a kind of greenhouse and free of discontinuities based on this winter
Pick semen viciae fabae implantation methods.
Background technique
The unlimited flowering habit of Vicia, yield potentiality is very big, in its adaptation range, early sowing bear pods number increase, single pod it is fresh
Weight is higher, yield increases obviously.Fresh food semen viciae fabae is traditionally just liked by people, and the sprout Jing Guo artificial vernalization is used to be moved
It plants, the collecting period can extend to 20-30 days from traditional 5-7 days and harvest in batches, and since day and night temperature is big, and sugar content is high, micro-
Sweet tea, palatability is more preferable, is more welcome by citizen.Meanwhile the stalk of semen viciae fabae buries green returning to the field, can increase soil fertility and reduce
The fertilizer application amount of stubble fruits and vegetables, the nitrogen fixation of semen viciae fabae rhizobium may also function as the ecological effect of purification soil environment afterwards, thus
Achieve the purpose that stubble fruit-vegetable quality after improving.
Semen viciae fabae facility cultivation is the great innovation in semen viciae fabae planting patterns in recent years, and the appearance of semen viciae fabae vernalization technology is facility
Semen viciae fabae Forcing cultivation provides possibility.Come out initial stage in semen viciae fabae vernalization technology, facility semen viciae fabae quickly grows, be " roars of laughter and
On ".But the enterprise continuously planted 4 or five years does not just continue to kind, generally loses, cultivated area is caused substantially to be reduced, especially
It is the autumn and winter in 2018, and the phenomenon that " roars of laughter and under " occurs.To find out its cause, mainly immature, no due to the relevant technologies
Caused by mating, it is believed that as soon as long as it can be able to eat in winter in Zhejiang And Jiangsu with having vernalization semen viciae fabae seedling and common plastics greenhouse
Fresh Semen Viciae fabae pod.In fact, vernalization semen viciae fabae is planted with common plastics greenhouse or beam-connected greenhouse, though it can also be harvested before entering the winter
The fresh beanpod of certain yield, but yield is usually no more than 100 kilograms, and semen viciae fabae comes into peak period of blooming at this time, after entering the winter,
Required temperature is grown since common beam-connected greenhouse is not able to satisfy semen viciae fabae in winter and bears pods, results in large quantities of flowers opened, Bu Nengjie
Pod, young pod cannot continue the final result grown up or even some enterprises blindly chase after morning, to list during reaching the Spring Festival, not stint using three
Canopy adds the mode of mulch, keeps the temperature growth promoting, largely blooms before causing semen viciae fabae to enter the winter, after entering the winter, because the temperature that bears pods is inadequate, occurs
The phenomenon that " flower is without pod ", the flower opened are mostly invalid flower, and stage is without Hua Kekai, in addition the semen viciae fabae bloomed is anti-after entering winter
Cold ability decline, when cold wave arrives, Hua great Liang falls off, and stalk, blade are endured cold, and yield is very low, and Time To Market is late anti-slow.Due to
Monomer greenhouse and beam-connected greenhouse is mostly used to plant vernalization semen viciae fabae in production greatly, and both facilities heat and keep the temperature effect in severe winter
Fruit is extremely limited, semen viciae fabae is not achieved bears pods and grow 18-25 DEG C required of temperature requirement and also cannot achieve though there is vernalization technology
The fresh pod winter listing of semen viciae fabae, limits the development of fresh food semen viciae fabae industry.
Currently, existing greenhouse is all that lagging facility is arranged inside and outside cavity wall and on ceiling, such as in Authorization Notice No.
A kind of winter warm type big shack solar energy heat-storage heating device is disclosed in patent for 208080051 U of CN comprising: greenhouse is set
It is placed in the insulated wall of greenhouse side, the solar energy heat-storage that is set to by insulated wall heats component；The solar energy heat-storage heats group
Part includes black PC force-bearing plate, black film, catch basin, water pump, connecting tube, and the catch basin is set to the corner of insulated wall, described
One end inclination of black PC force-bearing plate is built on insulated wall, and the other end is arranged in catch basin, and water is equipped with by the catch basin
Pump, the water pump connect one end of catch basin and black PC force-bearing plate by connecting tube；The back side of the black PC force-bearing plate is set
There is black film.The utility model be according to black heat absorption principle and increase heating surface area, the mode of water pump slow circulation to water body into
Row circulating-heating, to allow the temperature of water body that can reach highest temperature and be capable of the storage of longer time, thus significantly
Improve the night minimum temperature of winter warm type big shack.But there are the following problems for it: plant exists only in the less sky in lower part in greenhouse
In, and greenhouse keeps the temperature entire greenhouse inner space, needs more heat, then is difficult to needed for meeting semen viciae fabae
Bear pods and grow required temperature requirement.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that providing a kind of greenhouse and the winter picking silkworm free of discontinuities based on this
Beans implantation methods use the greenhouse of special construction to plant vernalization semen viciae fabae, can effectively be kept the temperature to greenhouse lower space,
Required heat is greatly reduced, to can guarantee the heat needed for meeting；Semen viciae fabae is realized uninterruptedly to bear pods in winter listing
Purpose, can meet the needs of people around the Spring Festival are edible to fresh food semen viciae fabae.
2. technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of greenhouse including greenhouse main body, the insulated wall that is set to greenhouse main body side, is set to by insulated wall
Solar energy heat-storage heats component, and it includes the black for absorbing solar thermal energy and water supply heating that the solar energy heat-storage, which heats component,
PC force-bearing plate, the catch basin for collecting hot water and the water pump set on catch basin side；In the greenhouse main body where catch basin
The lower part of side is equipped with the Scroll for being parallel to the greenhouse main body end side, and the equal clearance-type in the both ends of the Scroll, which is arranged with, to be fixed on
Mounting blocks in greenhouse main body, heat preservation pad assembly is wound on the Scroll, and the heat preservation pad assembly includes being across greenhouse
Heat preservation bed course in main body where catch basin between the two sides of side connection and it is bound to the water distribution hose for keeping the temperature bed course lower surface, institute
The water inlet end for stating water distribution hose is connect with water pump, and the water outlet of water distribution hose is connected to catch basin；
The both ends of the Scroll are respectively arranged below with a lead screw driven by clockwise and anticlockwise motor perpendicular to Scroll
Bar, the both ends of the wire lever connect side and its opposite side where the catch basin of greenhouse main body by bearing respectively, described in two
A relatively fair sliding block is arranged on wire lever respectively, is equipped in the greenhouse main body of the phase back side of two wire levers
It is parallel to the slide guide rail of wire lever, the limited block that can only be slided in corresponding side slide guide rail, two institutes are fixed on the sliding block
It states and is connected with straight-bar between sliding block, the both ends of the straight-bar pass through connecting plate respectively and are fixed on sliding block, the heat preservation bed course
One end is fixed on Scroll, and the other end is fixed on straight-bar.
Further, the water distribution hose its lateral opposite side where catch basin extends linear again in serpentine detour
Type is oppositely extending to side where catch basin.Water distribution hose in serpentine distribution part can it is more intensive throughout heat preservation cushion, from
And heat uniformly can be discharged to heat keeper lower space；Water distribution hose is of a straight line type the part of distribution quickly returning convenient for water body
Stream.
Further, more pulling ropes for being parallel to wire lever are uniformly provided on the bottom surface of the heat preservation bed course, it is described to lead
The junction of drawstring and water distribution hose is bound together.In this way setting convenient for water distribution hose relative to heat preservation bed course binding and
It removes, and is conducive to maintain the distributional pattern of water distribution hose.
Further, the clockwise and anticlockwise motor is set to the middle part of side where greenhouse main body corresponds to catch basin, the positive and negative rotation
Fixing sleeve is set there are two driving pulley on the output shaft of motor, and side is fixed and is arranged where clockwise and anticlockwise motor correspond on the wire lever
There is a driven pulley, is wound with the transmission belt of one driving pulley of a connection on two driven pulleys respectively.Positive and negative rotation
Motor is set to the stability that middle part is conducive to maintain structure, and preferable to the driving synchronism of two wire levers.
Further, at least one end of the Scroll is equidistantly fixed at least two radially directions along its border
The handle of extension.When heat insulation module is withdrawn, because the unpowered driving of Scroll independently winding, setting handle can be convenient for receipts manually
Roll up heat insulation module.
The present invention also provides a kind of picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities of winter based on above-mentioned greenhouse, including such as
Lower step:
The construction of S1, greenhouse: selection topography is invigorating, and prepartion of land, 1.0% or more soil organic matter content has had
The plot of kind drip irrigation system, as greenhouse construction land；Greenhouse generally uses soil, cement pole, plastic film and guarantor
Warm cotton blanket is building materials；The greenhouse, which is taken, sits that north orientation south, Bei Gaonan is low, slope faces south, the side of semi-underground half ground
Method construction, north wall is 4-5 meters high, is piled up with soil, and the thickness of wall is greater than 1 meter；Nan Qiang thickness is at 0.08-0.12 millimeters
Plastic film surrounds, and wall is 1-1.5 meters high, plug-in insulation cotton blanket；Side wall is piled up with soil, and thickness is greater than 1 meter, low before being formed
The high building structure to face south with slope afterwards；The length of greenhouse is 140-150 meters, and width is 6-7 meters；
S2, in due course transplanting: the time of transplanting is mid-October to mid or late November, selects for 3 to 5 leaf phases passed through vernalization treatment
Semen viciae fabae seedling transplanted, the line-spacing of transplanting is 90-120 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 35-45 centimetres, and transplanting depth is 3-5 centimetres；
The semen viciae fabae seedling of transplanting in October can without ground transplanting membrane, transplanted after November can with ground transplanting membrane, with accelerate to develop into
Journey；Continuously water 2 to 3 after transplanting, once a day, the irrigation amount of single plant be one time 200 to 400 milliliters；
S3, greenhouse temperature control management: it is divided into the following three stage:
A, in the room temperature stage living, transplanting initial stage temperature is higher, and canopy film maintains a normally open state, is not related to canopy；
B, keep the temperature the growth promoting stage, when daytime the highest temperature drop to 15 DEG C, when the night lowest temperature drops to 3 DEG C, at night
Start the heat preservation of lid canopy, open night pass greenhouse day, temperature in canopy is kept to be no more than 25 DEG C between 10 DEG C to 22 DEG C；Sunny weather shape
Under condition, when temperature is more than 15 DEG C in morning 9-10 point canopy, air port is opened, cooling dissipates wet；Temperature is no more than 15 in afternoon 2-4 point canopy
DEG C when, close canopy in time；
C, envelope canopy keeps the temperature the long pod stage, and into after severe winter, to the highest temperature on daytime less than 10 DEG C, nighttime temperature is lower than zero degree
When, it closes canopy and keeps the temperature not open canopy, while heat insulation module is spread out and blocked above bean plant by night starting clockwise and anticlockwise motor, and is opened
Dynamic water pump, the hot water in feed-tank is passed through in water distribution hose, and heat preservation bed course prevents heat from distributing upwards, and heat concentration is released to
It keeps the temperature in the space below bed course；Cotton blanket heat preservation is covered on the outside of ceiling, front wall plastic film, throws off the increasing of ceiling cotton blanket daytime
Temperature, black PC force-bearing plate absorb solar thermal energy and water supply heating, and hot-water collection is in catch basin；Throw off the time of cotton blanket not in the morning
Preferably earlier than 9 points, the time for covering cotton blanket afternoon should not be later than at 3 points；After the beginning of spring, when daytime the highest temperature rise to 15 DEG C or more,
When the night lowest temperature goes back up to 3 DEG C or more, greenhouse takes the management method for opening night pass day, and temperature is at 10 DEG C to 22 in holding canopy
Between DEG C, it is no more than 25 DEG C, the stronger ventilation when temperature is more than 25 DEG C；
S4, training topping: after semen viciae fabae field planting living, pinch stem in time, to promote branch growth, the method for pinching stem is
When semen viciae fabae plant height grows to 8-10 centimetres, pinches 4-5 centimetres of stem top, stay 4-5 centimetres of base portion；Enter full-bloom stage to semen viciae fabae,
Generally bloom 3-4 platform when, carry out sparse branching, single plant stays 7-8 branch；When inflorescence reaches the 11st, starts to pluck top, pluck top every time
A Ye Yixin is plucked, 8-9 platform inflorescence is finally stayed；
S5, fertilizer and water management: base manure mu applies 20-25 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer that N-P-K total content is 45%, and mu applied phosphorus
50 kilograms of sour calcium；Post flowering mu applies 5-15 kilograms of the fertilizer that bears pods, and bears pods fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer；Irrigation water management is in semen viciae fabae growth period
It is interior, if soil occur it is dry have crack or blade occur at noon the short time wither here phenomenon when, trickle irrigation profit soil 1-2 times；
S6, insect pest preventing and controlling: semen viciae fabae disease mainly has gray mold, downy mildew and red spot, using 40% seedling bacterium enemy or 72%
After cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder is watered 800-1000 times of dilution, it is sprayed on bean plant in spraying mode；Semen viciae fabae pest
Mainly aphid and plant hopper are sprayed on bean plant after being watered 2500 times of dilution using 10% imidacloprid in spraying mode；
S7, pick fresh beanpod in time: semen viciae fabae is indefinite inflorescence, is born pods while blooming, and base portion is bloomed at first to bear pods, when
Semen viciae fabae grows to when beans is full and hand touches hard and is picked in time.If picked not in time, pod can be ageing, is not suitable for fresh
Food, while also will affect top pod and growing up.
3. beneficial effect
(1) lower part is equipped with the heat insulation module that folding and unfolding is realized by screw slider structure in greenhouse provided by the invention,
Heat insulation module includes the water distribution hose for keeping the temperature bed course and being bound on heat preservation bed course, and the beginning and end of water distribution hose respectively correspond
Connect water pump and catch basin.Heat insulation module expansion is layed on crop plant by night when severe winter, starting clockwise and anticlockwise motor
Side, while starting water pump and the hot water in catch basin is passed through in water distribution hose, heat preservation bed course prevents heat from distributing upwards, heat collection
In be released in the space below heat preservation bed course, spacial temperature elevation where crop plant is very fast, effectively plays to empty where plant
Between insulation effect greatly reduce required heat compared with giving entire booth thermal insulation in the prior art, to can guarantee full
The required heat of foot.
(2) semen viciae fabae implantation methods provided by the invention are based on above-mentioned greenhouse, construction, shifting in due course including greenhouse
It plants, greenhouse temperature control management, training topping, fertilizer and water management, insect pest preventing and controlling and pick in time, when severe winter can satisfy
Semen viciae fabae is bloomed the required temperature requirement that bears pods, and is not in as the showing of not bearing pods of being bloomed using common beam-connected greenhouse or monomer greenhouse
As realizing semen viciae fabae and uninterruptedly bearing pods in winter the purpose of listing；It can really realize that the fresh pod Time To Market of semen viciae fabae is every from the past
It in 4-5 month in year, advances to and lists around the Spring Festival, meet the needs of people around the Spring Festival are edible to fresh food semen viciae fabae；It can solve over
It is filled up using common greenhouse and beam-connected greenhouse plantation vernalization semen viciae fabae because of the problem of not the bearing pods of blooming that winter temperature not enough occurs
The fresh pod gaps in market of winter semen viciae fabae meets the requirement of people's lives continuous improvement, has preferable social benefit.
To sum up, it uses the greenhouse of special construction to plant vernalization semen viciae fabae, greenhouse lower space can effectively be protected
Temperature greatly reduces required heat, to can guarantee the heat needed for meeting；It realizes on semen viciae fabae uninterruptedly bears pods in winter
The purpose in city can meet the needs of people around the Spring Festival are edible to fresh food semen viciae fabae.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation top view of greenhouse, and heat insulation module is in unfolded state in figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of Section A-A in Fig. 1.
Appended drawing reference: 1, Scroll；2, bed course is kept the temperature；3, water distribution hose；4, clockwise and anticlockwise motor；5, wire lever；6, sliding block；
7, slide guide rail；8, limited block；9, straight-bar；10, catch basin；11, pulling rope；12, driving pulley；13, driven pulley；14, it is driven
Band；15, handle.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment
A kind of greenhouse as shown in Figures 1 and 2 include greenhouse main body, the insulated wall for being set to greenhouse main body side,
It is set to the solar energy heat-storage by insulated wall and heats component, it includes for absorbing solar thermal energy that the solar energy heat-storage, which heats component,
And black PC force-bearing plate, the catch basin 10 for collecting hot water and the water pump (in figure set on 10 side of catch basin of water supply heating
It is not shown)；The lower part of 10 place side of catch basin is equipped with the Scroll 1 for being parallel to the greenhouse main body end side in the greenhouse main body,
The equal clearance-type in both ends of the Scroll 1 is arranged with the mounting blocks being fixed in greenhouse main body, is wound with guarantor on the Scroll 1
Warm pad assembly, the heat preservation pad assembly includes the heat preservation being across between the two sides that 10 place side of catch basin connects in greenhouse main body
Bed course 2 and the water distribution hose 3 for being bound to heat preservation 2 lower surface of bed course, the water inlet end of the water distribution hose 3 are connect with water pump, water distribution
The water outlet of hose 3 is connected to catch basin 10；
The both ends of the Scroll 1 are respectively arranged below with a silk driven by clockwise and anticlockwise motor 4 perpendicular to Scroll 1
Lever 5, the both ends of the wire lever 5 respectively by bearing connect greenhouse main body 10 place side of catch basin and its opposite side, two
A relatively fair sliding block 6, the greenhouse master of the phase back side of two wire levers 5 are arranged on wire lever 5 described in root respectively
The slide guide rail 7 for being parallel to wire lever 5 is all provided on body, being fixed on the sliding block 6 can only slide in corresponding side slide guide rail 7
Limited block 8 is connected with straight-bar 9 between two sliding blocks 6, and the both ends of the straight-bar 9 pass through connecting plate respectively and are fixed on sliding block 6
On, one end of the heat preservation bed course 2 is fixed on Scroll 1, and the other end is fixed on straight-bar 9.
In the present embodiment, the water distribution hose 3 its lateral opposite side where catch basin 10 extends again in serpentine detour
It is of a straight line type oppositely extending to 10 place side of catch basin.Water distribution hose 3 can be more intensive throughout guarantor in the part of serpentine distribution
Warm cushion, so as to uniformly discharge heat to heat keeper lower space；Water distribution hose 3 is of a straight line type the part of distribution convenient for water
The quick backflow of body.
In the present embodiment, more pulling ropes for being parallel to wire lever 5 are uniformly provided on the bottom surface of the heat preservation bed course 2
11, the junction of the pulling rope 11 and water distribution hose 3 is bound together.Setting is convenient for water distribution hose 3 relative to guarantor in this way
The binding and dismounting of warm bed course 2, and be conducive to maintain the distributional pattern of water distribution hose 3.
In the present embodiment, the clockwise and anticlockwise motor 4 is set to the middle part that greenhouse main body corresponds to 10 place side of catch basin, described
Fixing sleeve is set there are two driving pulley 12 on the output shaft of clockwise and anticlockwise motor 4, corresponds to 4 institute of clockwise and anticlockwise motor on the wire lever 5
In side, fixing sleeve is equipped with a driven pulley 13, is wound with one driving pulley of a connection respectively on two driven pulleys 13
12 transmission belt 14.Clockwise and anticlockwise motor 4 is set to the stability that middle part is conducive to maintain structure, and the driving to two wire levers 5
Synchronism is preferable.
In the present embodiment, at least one end of the Scroll 1 is equidistantly fixed at least two along its diameter along its border
The handle 15 extended to direction.When heat insulation module is withdrawn, because the autonomous winding of the unpowered driving of Scroll 1, is arranged handle 15
It can be convenient for winding heat insulation module manually.
Winter based on above-mentioned greenhouse picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities, include the following steps:
The construction of S1, greenhouse: selection topography is invigorating, and prepartion of land, 1.0% or more soil organic matter content has had
The plot of kind drip irrigation system, as greenhouse construction land；Greenhouse generally uses soil, cement pole, plastic film and guarantor
Warm cotton blanket is building materials；The greenhouse, which is taken, sits that north orientation south, Bei Gaonan is low, slope faces south, the side of semi-underground half ground
Method construction, north wall is 4-5 meters high, is piled up with soil, and the thickness of wall is greater than 1 meter；Nan Qiang thickness is at 0.08-0.12 millimeters
Plastic film surrounds, and wall is 1-1.5 meters high, plug-in insulation cotton blanket；Side wall is piled up with soil, and thickness is greater than 1 meter, low before being formed
The high building structure to face south with slope afterwards；The length of greenhouse is 140-150 meters, and width is 6-7 meters；
S2, in due course transplanting: the time of transplanting is mid-October to mid or late November, selects for 3 to 5 leaf phases passed through vernalization treatment
Semen viciae fabae seedling transplanted, the line-spacing of transplanting is 90-120 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 35-45 centimetres, and transplanting depth is 3-5 centimetres；
The semen viciae fabae seedling of transplanting in October can without ground transplanting membrane, transplanted after November can with ground transplanting membrane, with accelerate to develop into
Journey；Continuously water 2 to 3 after transplanting, once a day, the irrigation amount of single plant be one time 200 to 400 milliliters；
S3, greenhouse temperature control management: it is divided into the following three stage:
A, in the room temperature stage living, transplanting initial stage temperature is higher, and canopy film maintains a normally open state, is not related to canopy；
B, keep the temperature the growth promoting stage, when daytime the highest temperature drop to 15 DEG C, when the night lowest temperature drops to 3 DEG C, at night
Start the heat preservation of lid canopy, open night pass greenhouse day, temperature in canopy is kept to be no more than 25 DEG C between 10 DEG C to 22 DEG C；Sunny weather shape
Under condition, when temperature is more than 15 DEG C in morning 9-10 point canopy, air port is opened, cooling dissipates wet；Temperature is no more than 15 in afternoon 2-4 point canopy
DEG C when, close canopy in time；
C, envelope canopy keeps the temperature the long pod stage, and into after severe winter, to the highest temperature on daytime less than 10 DEG C, nighttime temperature is lower than zero degree
When, it closes canopy and keeps the temperature not open canopy, while heat insulation module is spread out and blocked above bean plant by night starting clockwise and anticlockwise motor 4, and
Start water pump, the hot water in feed-tank is passed through in water distribution hose 3, heat preservation bed course 2 prevents heat from distributing upwards, and heat concentration is released
It is put in the space of 2 lower section of heat preservation bed course；Cotton blanket heat preservation is covered on the outside of ceiling, front wall plastic film, throws off ceiling cotton daytime
Blanket heats, and black PC force-bearing plate absorbs solar thermal energy and water supply heating, and hot-water collection is in catch basin 10；Throw off cotton blanket in the morning
Time should not be earlier than 9 points, and the time for covering cotton blanket afternoon should not be later than at 3 points；After the beginning of spring, when daytime the highest temperature rise to 15 DEG C
More than, when the night lowest temperature goes back up to 3 DEG C or more, greenhouse takes the management method for opening night pass day, and temperature is 10 in holding canopy
DEG C between 22 DEG C, it is no more than 25 DEG C, the stronger ventilation when temperature is more than 25 DEG C；
S4, training topping: after semen viciae fabae field planting living, pinch stem in time, to promote branch growth, the method for pinching stem is
When semen viciae fabae plant height grows to 8-10 centimetres, pinches 4-5 centimetres of stem top, stay 4-5 centimetres of base portion；Enter full-bloom stage to semen viciae fabae,
Generally bloom 3-4 platform when, carry out sparse branching, single plant stays 7-8 branch；When inflorescence reaches the 11st, starts to pluck top, pluck top every time
A Ye Yixin is plucked, 8-9 platform inflorescence is finally stayed；
S5, fertilizer and water management: base manure mu applies 20-25 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer that N-P-K total content is 45%, and mu applied phosphorus
50 kilograms of sour calcium；Post flowering mu applies 5-15 kilograms of the fertilizer that bears pods, and bears pods fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer；Irrigation water management is in semen viciae fabae growth period
It is interior, if soil occur it is dry have crack or blade occur at noon the short time wither here phenomenon when, trickle irrigation profit soil 1-2 times；
S6, insect pest preventing and controlling: semen viciae fabae disease mainly has gray mold, downy mildew and red spot, using 40% seedling bacterium enemy or 72%
After cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder is watered 800-1000 times of dilution, it is sprayed on bean plant in spraying mode；Semen viciae fabae pest
Mainly aphid and plant hopper are sprayed on bean plant after being watered 2500 times of dilution using 10% imidacloprid in spraying mode；
S7, pick fresh beanpod in time: semen viciae fabae is indefinite inflorescence, is born pods while blooming, and base portion is bloomed at first to bear pods, when
Semen viciae fabae grows to when beans is full and hand touches hard and is picked in time.If picked not in time, pod can be ageing, is not suitable for fresh
Food, while also will affect top pod and growing up.
The specific action principle of greenhouse are as follows:
When severe winter, daytime under the conditions of sunny weather, the black PC force-bearing plate that solar energy heat-storage heats component absorbs the sun
Thermal energy and water supply heating, catch basin 10 are collected hot water and are kept the temperature；Night starts clockwise and anticlockwise motor 4, drives 12 turns of driving pulley
It is dynamic, then drive driven pulley 13 to rotate by transmission belt 14, to drive wire lever 5 to rotate, because limited block 8 can only be along slide guide
Rail 7 is mobile, so that sliding block 6 is moved along wire lever 5 to 10 opposite side of catch basin, straight-bar 9 is driven to move, and will keep the temperature bed course 2
Expansion is layed in the top of bean plant；Start water pump simultaneously, the hot water in catch basin 10 is passed through in water distribution hose 3, keeps the temperature
Bed course 2 prevents heat from distributing upwards, and heat, which is concentrated, to be released in the space of 2 lower section of heat preservation bed course, space liter where bean plant
It is warm very fast, the insulation effect to space where bean plant is effectively played, compared with giving entire booth thermal insulation in the prior art, greatly
Reduce required heat greatly, to can guarantee the heat needed for meeting.Only need 4 energy of reverse starting clockwise and anticlockwise motor daytime
Heat insulation module is retracted to 10 place side of catch basin.
The present invention plants vernalization semen viciae fabae using the greenhouse of special construction, and temperature can satisfy semen viciae fabae and bloom knot when severe winter
Temperature requirement needed for pod is not in realize as being bloomed the phenomenon that not bearing pods using common beam-connected greenhouse or monomer greenhouse
Semen viciae fabae uninterruptedly bears pods the purpose of listing in winter, meets the needs of people around the Spring Festival are edible to fresh food semen viciae fabae；
Vernalization semen viciae fabae seedling is planted using greenhouse, can really realize the fresh pod Time To Market of semen viciae fabae from past annual 4-5
It month advances to and lists around the Spring Festival, the traditional supply time mode of semen viciae fabae, semen viciae fabae commodity value significantly mention over the past thousands of years for change
It is high；Meanwhile manufacturing enterprise can get preferable income, general mu greenhouse can harvest 1250 kilograms of fresh Semen Viciae fabae pod or more, the output value
15000 yuan or more；
Vernalization semen viciae fabae seedling mode is planted using greenhouse to promote rapidly as can obtaining, will dramatically increase farmers' income, is accorded with
Close the requirement of modern agriculture agricultural structure adjustment.It can solve over and plant vernalization semen viciae fabae using common greenhouse and beam-connected greenhouse, because
What winter temperature not enough occurred bloom the problem of not bearing pods, fills up the fresh pod gaps in market of winter semen viciae fabae, it is continuous to meet people's lives
The requirement of raising has preferable social benefit.
Those of ordinary skill in the art it should be appreciated that more than embodiment be intended merely to illustrate the present invention,
And be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as the change in spirit of the invention, to embodiment described above
Change, modification will all be fallen in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of greenhouse, including greenhouse main body, the insulated wall that is set to greenhouse main body side, it is set to by insulated wall too
Positive energy heat accumulation heats component, and it includes the black PC for absorbing solar thermal energy and water supply heating that the solar energy heat-storage, which heats component,
Force-bearing plate, the catch basin (10) for collecting hot water and the water pump for being set to catch basin (10) side；It is characterized in that, the greenhouse
The lower part of side where catch basin (10) is equipped with the Scroll (1) for being parallel to the greenhouse main body end side, the Scroll (1) in main body
The equal clearance-type in both ends be arranged with the mounting blocks being fixed in greenhouse main body, be wound with heat preservation pad assembly on the Scroll (1),
The heat preservation pad assembly includes the heat preservation bed course (2) where being across catch basin in greenhouse main body (10) between the two sides of side connection
And it is bound to the water distribution hose (3) of heat preservation bed course (2) lower surface, the water inlet end of the water distribution hose (3) is connect with water pump, water distribution
The water outlet of hose (3) is connected to catch basin (10)；
The both ends of the Scroll (1) are respectively arranged below with one perpendicular to Scroll (1) by clockwise and anticlockwise motor (4) driving
Wire lever (5), the both ends of the wire lever (5) connect side and its phase where the catch basin (10) of greenhouse main body by bearing respectively
Opposite side is arranged with a relatively fair sliding block (6), the phase of two wire levers (5) on two wire levers (5) respectively
The slide guide rail (7) for being parallel to wire lever (5) is all provided in the greenhouse main body of back side, being fixed on the sliding block (6) can only be in phase
The limited block (8) slided in side slide guide rail (7) is answered, is connected with straight-bar (9) between two sliding blocks (6), the straight-bar (9)
Both ends pass through connecting plate respectively and are fixed on sliding block (6), and one end of heat preservation bed course (2) is fixed on Scroll (1), another
End is fixed on straight-bar (9).
2. a kind of greenhouse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water distribution hose (3) is by catch basin (10)
Its lateral opposite side of place is of a straight line type oppositely extending to side where catch basin (10) again in the extension of serpentine detour.
3. a kind of greenhouse according to claim 2, which is characterized in that on the bottom surface of heat preservation bed course (2) uniformly
Equipped with more pulling ropes (11) for being parallel to wire lever (5), the pulling rope (11) and the junction of water distribution hose (3) are bound
Together.
4. a kind of greenhouse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clockwise and anticlockwise motor (4) is set to greenhouse master
Body corresponds to the middle part of side where catch basin (10), and fixing sleeve sets that there are two main belt on the output shaft of the clockwise and anticlockwise motor (4)
It takes turns (12), side fixing sleeve where clockwise and anticlockwise motor (4) correspond on the wire lever (5) is equipped with a driven pulley (13), and two
The transmission belt (14) of one driving pulley (12) of a connection is wound on the driven pulley (13) respectively.
5. a kind of greenhouse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least one end of the Scroll (1) is along it
Border is equidistantly fixed at least two handles (15) that radially direction extends.
6. the winter picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities based on the described in any item greenhouses of Claims 1 to 5, feature
It is, includes the following steps:
The construction of S1, greenhouse: selection topography is invigorating, and prepartion of land, 1.0% or more soil organic matter content has perfect
The plot of drip irrigation system, as greenhouse construction land；The greenhouse take sit north orientation south, Bei Gaonan is low, slope to
The method of positive, semi-underground half ground is built；
S2, in due course transplanting: the time of transplanting is mid-October to mid or late November, selects for 3 to 5 leaf phases by vernalization treatment
Semen viciae fabae seedling is transplanted, and the line-spacing of transplanting is 90-120 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 35-45 centimetres, and transplanting depth is 3-5 centimetres, transplanting
After continuously water 2 to 3, once a day, the irrigation amount of single plant be one time 200 to 400 milliliters；
S3, greenhouse temperature control management: it is divided into the following three stage:
A, in the room temperature stage living, transplanting initial stage temperature is higher, and canopy film maintains a normally open state, is not related to canopy；
B, keep the temperature the growth promoting stage, when daytime the highest temperature drop to 15 DEG C, when the night lowest temperature drops to 3 DEG C, start at night
Night pass is opened in the heat preservation of lid canopy greenhouse day, and temperature is between 10 DEG C to 22 DEG C in holding canopy；Under sunny weather situation, morning 9-10 point
When temperature is more than 15 DEG C in canopy, air port is opened, cooling dissipates wet；When temperature is no more than 15 DEG C in afternoon 2-4 point canopy, canopy is closed in time；
C, envelope canopy keeps the temperature the long pod stage, into after severe winter, to the highest temperature on daytime less than 10 DEG C, and when nighttime temperature is lower than zero degree,
It closes canopy and keeps the temperature not open canopy, while heat insulation module is spread out and blocked above bean plant by night starting clockwise and anticlockwise motor (4), and is opened
Dynamic water pump, the hot water in feed-tank is passed through in water distribution hose (3), and heat preservation bed course (2) prevents heat from distributing upwards, and heat is concentrated
It is released in the space below heat preservation bed course (2)；Cotton blanket heat preservation is covered on the outside of ceiling, front wall plastic film, throws off canopy daytime
Top cotton blanket heats, and black PC force-bearing plate absorbs solar thermal energy and water supply heating, and hot-water collection is in catch basin (10)；Throw off in the morning
The time of cotton blanket should not be earlier than 9 points, and the time for covering cotton blanket afternoon should not be later than at 3 points；After the beginning of spring, when the highest temperature on daytime rises
To 15 DEG C or more, when the night lowest temperature goes back up to 3 DEG C or more, greenhouse takes the management method for opening night pass day, keeps temperature in canopy
Degree is between 10 DEG C to 22 DEG C, the stronger ventilation when temperature is more than 25 DEG C；
S4, training topping: after semen viciae fabae field planting living, pinch stem in time, to promote branch growth, the method for pinching stem is in silkworm
When beans plant height grows to 8-10 centimetres, pinches 4-5 centimetres of stem top, stay 4-5 centimetres of base portion；Enter full-bloom stage to semen viciae fabae, generally
Bloom 3-4 platform when, carry out sparse branching, single plant stays 7-8 branch；When inflorescence reaches the 11st, starts to pluck top, pluck top every time and pluck one
Leaf wholeheartedly, finally stays 8-9 platform inflorescence；
S5, fertilizer and water management: base manure mu applies 20-25 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer that N-P-K total content is 45%, and mu applies calcium superphosphate
50 kilograms；Post flowering mu applies 5-15 kilograms of the fertilizer that bears pods, and bears pods fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer；Irrigation water management be within semen viciae fabae growth period,
If soil occur it is dry have crack or blade occur at noon the short time wither here phenomenon when, trickle irrigation profit soil 1-2 times；
S6, insect pest preventing and controlling: semen viciae fabae disease mainly has gray mold, downy mildew and red spot, using 40% seedling bacterium enemy or 72% white urea
After mancozeb wettable powder is watered 800-1000 times of dilution, it is sprayed on bean plant in spraying mode；Semen viciae fabae pest is main
It is that aphid and plant hopper are sprayed on bean plant after being watered 2500 times of dilution using 10% imidacloprid in spraying mode；
S7, pick fresh beanpod in time: semen viciae fabae is indefinite inflorescence, is born pods while blooming, and base portion is bloomed at first to bear pods, and works as semen viciae fabae
It grows to when beans is full and hand touches hard and is picked in time.
7. picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities of a kind of winter based on greenhouse according to claim 6, feature
It is, the north wall of greenhouse described in step S1 is 4-5 meters high, is piled up with soil, and the thickness of wall is greater than 1 meter；Nan Qiang is used
Thickness is surrounded in 0.08-0.12 millimeters of plastic film, and wall is 1-1.5 meters high, plug-in insulation cotton blanket；Side wall piled up with soil and
At thickness is greater than 1 meter, forms the low early and high after building structure to face south with slope；The length of the greenhouse is 140-150
Rice, width are 6-7 meters.
8. picking semen viciae fabae implantation methods free of discontinuities of a kind of winter based on greenhouse according to claim 6, feature
It is, the time transplanted in step S2, band mulch was transplanted together when transplanting after November.
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