CN109937812A - The cultural method of water polygonum flaccidum - Google Patents
The cultural method of water polygonum flaccidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN109937812A CN109937812A CN201910348029.1A CN201910348029A CN109937812A CN 109937812 A CN109937812 A CN 109937812A CN 201910348029 A CN201910348029 A CN 201910348029A CN 109937812 A CN109937812 A CN 109937812A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Chinese herbal medicine cultivation fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of water polygonum flaccidum.The present invention provides the method for culturing seedlings and cultural method of a kind of water polygonum flaccidum.Cultural method of the invention includes: 1) crop field processing: being ploughed by 20~30cm depth；2) transplant: 4~May transplants water polygonum flaccidum seedling, which obtained by method for culturing seedlings of the present invention；3) it applies fertilizer: applying 10~15kg/ mus of urea after one week of transplanting；25~35kg/ mus of nitro-compound fertilizer are applied after spending one month；4) it irrigates: keeping ground moistening；5) it harvests: the harvesting of 8~September part.The present invention can improve the yield and quality of water polygonum flaccidum, have very good application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese herbal medicine cultivation fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of water polygonum flaccidum.
Background technique
Hairy knotweed herb or root is polygonaceae arsesmart water polygonum flaccidum Polygonum hydropiper L. or non-irrigated polygonum flaccidum Polygonum
The fresh or dry herb of flaccidum Meisn..Polygonaceae arsesmart is various in style, and base is complicated, " Chinese Plants will " note
Carry " polygonaceae Polygonum there are about 50 categories, 1150 kinds, worldwide distribution, but main product, in north temperate zone, minority is distributed in the torrid zone.China's distribution
There are 13 categories, 235 kinds, all parts of the country are originated in 37 mutation."
Hairy knotweed herb or root has the effect of expelling wind and removing dampness, removing blood stasis and acesodyne, removing toxicity for detumescence, desinsection is antipruritic, is usually used in dysentery, stomach and intestine
Inflammation, diarrhea, rheumatic arthritis, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, the treatment of the illnesss such as functional uterine bleeding；It is used for venomous snake bite outside, skin to be wet
Rash.
The appearance of water polygonum flaccidum is as shown in Figure 1.
Although water polygonum flaccidum is distributed more widely, biomass is not high, is unable to satisfy the demand of modern medicine industry.Currently, people
Has the trial that artificial cultivation is carried out to water polygonum flaccidum, but its cultivation is more extensive, can not be obviously improved the yield of water polygonum flaccidum
And quality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial cultivation methods of polygonum flaccidum.Its technical solution includes:
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of water polygonum flaccidum, which is characterized in that it includes:
(1) crop field is handled: being ploughed by 20~30cm depth；
(2) it opens compartment: opening compartment and apply fertilizer to the subsoil 23~27kg/ mus, base fertilizer is by phosphate fertilizer and urea according to 1: the quality of (0.8~1.2)
Than mixing；
(3) it pours water: accomplishing that compartment face is anhydrous, but compartment face soil need to be moistened all, the ponding for having 5cm or less deep in the ditch of compartment is i.e.
It can；
(4) seed treatment: water polygonum flaccidum seed is soaked in water 5~7 hours；Every 100g seed adds 5~15kg soil to mix thoroughly；
(5) it sows, film on arch；
(6) field management:
A. keeping compartment face soil humidity is 75~85%；
B. such as fine day, when temperature reaches 30 DEG C or more in seedling field, one layer of sunshade net is covered on film；
C. it applies fertilizer:
A. seedling occurs applying 45~55kg/ mus of urea when 2 leaves；
B. 70~80kg/ mus of urea are applied after a week.
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned, step (2) Amount of Base Fertilizer are 25kg/ mus；And/or phosphate fertilizer and urea quality ratio are 1
∶1。
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned, in step (4), every 100g seed adds 10kg soil to mix thoroughly.
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned in step (5), sows 1.5~2kg of son per acre.
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned, in step (6), the dosage of urea described in C lower a events is 50kg/ mus.
Method for culturing seedlings as the aforementioned, polygonum flaccidum seedling can be transplanted in 10cm or more；When being transplanted, it need to shift to an earlier date
At least 6 days unlimited films；Preferably, week in advance.
A kind of cultural method of water polygonum flaccidum, which is characterized in that it includes:
1) crop field is handled: being ploughed by 20~30cm depth；
2) transplant: 4~May transplants water polygonum flaccidum seedling, which obtained by any method for culturing seedlings of Claims 1 to 5；
3) it applies fertilizer: applying 10~15kg/ mus of urea after one week of transplanting；Applied after spending one month nitro-compound fertilizer 25~
35kg/ mus；
4) irrigate and drain: dry season irrigation keeps soil moisture 75~85%；Rainy season draining cannot flood compartment face soil
Earth；
5) it harvests: the harvesting of 8~September part；
Cultural method as the aforementioned, it further includes the artificial weeding during cultivating.
Cultural method as the aforementioned after half a month, if there is the case where leaf flavescence, needs to mend in application nitro-compound fertilizer for the first time
Apply 15~20kg/ mus of nitro-compound fertilizer.
Cultural method as the aforementioned need to spray insecticide if there is red spider；The pesticide spraying amount are as follows: every 25kg water
24~36g of imidacloprid, 20~30g of pyridaben are converted, 1.2 mu of fields are sprayed.
Cultural method of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) yield is high.Cultivation water polygonum flaccidum grows fine (Fig. 2), and yield is up to 500kg/ mus；And it is wild under the conditions of, water
Polygonum flaccidum yield is only less than 200kg/ mus.
2) quality is good.The Diluted Alcohol extract and quercetin content of cultivating water polygonum flaccidum are all remarkably higher than the open country of its provenance
Unboiled water polygonum flaccidum.
Obviously, above content according to the present invention is not being departed from according to the ordinary technical knowledge and customary means of this field
Under the premise of the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention, the modification, replacement or change of other diversified forms can also be made.
Above content of the invention is described in further detail again below by way of specific embodiment.But it should not be by this
The range for being interpreted as the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.All technologies realized based on above content of the present invention are equal
Belong to the scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: wild water polygonum flaccidum outside drawing.
Fig. 2: cultivation water polygonum flaccidum outside drawing.
Fig. 3: the chromatogram of Quercetin mark product.
Fig. 4: cultivation water polygonum flaccidum Quercetin chromatography detection figure.
Fig. 5: wild water polygonum flaccidum Quercetin chromatography detection figure.
Specific embodiment
The nursery of 1 polygonum flaccidum of embodiment
1. ploughing
Mid-February digs, and depth is advisable with 20~30cm, rakes, harrows saturating, rake carefully, accomplishes fine smooth.
2. opening compartment
It opens compartment to refer to: in agricultural production, for the ease of the management such as farming and row irrigation, generally the soil of bulk being opened
Ditch divides rectangularity compartment block.The ditch outputed along the long side in every compartment is compartment ditch.
Compartment is carried out out according to 1.5~2m width, it is desirable that flat compartment surface harrows thin compartment face soil, spreads base fertilizer, base fertilizer is according to phosphorus
Fertilizer: the ratio of urea (1: 1) is mixed, and applies 25kg base fertilizer per acre.
3. pouring water
It pours water, accomplishes that compartment face is anhydrous, but compartment face soil need to be moistened all, there is a small amount of ponding (depth of water 5cm or less) in the ditch of compartment
?.
4. seed treatment mode
Soak in water seed 6 hours.Filtering, air-dried moisture.100g seed adds 10kg thin mud soil to mix thoroughly, 1 mu of ground Miao Tianxu
Want 1.5~2kg seed.The seed can be the seed of wild water polygonum flaccidum, be also possible to the polygonum flaccidum seed of cultivation.
5. sowing
It is covered with the fine earth of thick 5cm after the seed handled well is uniformly sprinkling upon on the compartment face of seedling field, then with hand sprayer to seedling
Field compartment face water spray, squirts compartment face.Take skeleton, film on arch.
6. the field management of seedling field
(1) it was sprayed water every 2 days with the compartment hand sprayer Xiang Miaotian face, squirts compartment face, the humidity (75% for keeping soil certain
~85%).Such as rainy season, draining is paid attention to, compartment face cannot be submerged, cannot want a large amount of ponding.
(2) it such as fine day, when temperature reaches 30 DEG C or more in seedling field, needs to cover one layer of sunshade net on film.
(3) whole to use artificial weeding mode.
(4) it applies fertilizer
A. seedling field occurs applying fertilizer for the first time when 2 leaves, applies urea.45~55kg of urea, preferably 50kg are applied in seedling field per acre；
It is sprayed water immediately with the compartment hand sprayer Xiang Miaotian face after fertilising, squirts compartment face.
B. second of fertilizer is applied after a week, is applied urea, is mentioned seedling.70~80kg urea is applied in seedling field per acre, after fertilising immediately
It is sprayed water with the compartment hand sprayer Xiang Miaotian face, squirts compartment face.
(5) membrane gas treatment is opened wide at transplanting previous week seedling field both ends.
The plantation of embodiment 2 and field management
1. crop field is handled
It ploughs, depth is advisable with 20~30cm, is raked, is harrowed saturating, rake carefully, is accomplished fine smooth.Field-transplanting carries out shallow Gong
Plant plays compartment specification: line-spacing 90cm, spacing in the rows 40cm.
2. transplanting
4~May, climate temperature can be transplanted when 10~15cm of height of seedling at 25 DEG C or more.It is drenched in time after transplanting
Sufficient root water, the humidity for keeping root certain.
3. fertilising
It transplants and applies urea after a week and mention seedling, 10~15kg/ mus.
25~35kg/ mus of nitro-compound fertilizer, preferably 30kg/ mus are applied after one month.
15~20kg/ of Shi Yici nitro-compound fertilizer mus again is needed if leaf turns yellow after two weeks, does not turn yellow such as, is not required to apply
Fertilizer.
4. overall process uses artificial weeding.
5. rainy season pays attention to thorough cut, draining, compartment face soil cannot be flooded.
6. dry season pays attention to pouring water.Soil bottom a little infiltrates, and is always maintained at field humidity 75%~85%.
7. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Such as there is red spider, sprayed insecticide with power driven sprayer (every 25kg water convert 24~36g of imidacloprid, pyridaben 20~
30g sprays 1.2 mu of fields.)
If leaf turns yellow, 15~20kg/ mus of nitro-compound fertilizer need to be added in time.
8. harvesting
8~September harvests water polygonum flaccidum herb, cleans root silt, dries.
Cultural method according to the invention can make the yield of water polygonum flaccidum reach 500kg/ mus or more.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below by way of experimental example.
The quality testing of experimental example cultivation water polygonum flaccidum
Cultivation water polygonum flaccidum of the invention (cultivation product) and therewith identical wild water polygonum flaccidum (wild product) complete stool in provenance are taken,
Carry out Diluted Alcohol extract and quercetin content measurement.
(1) extract
1, standard provides:
Dry knotweed is measured according to the cold-maceration under " Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China version in 2015 " the 4th general rule 2201
Careless ethanol soluble extractives.Extract in qualified dry hairy knotweed herb or root must not be less than 5.0%.
2, measuring method:
Dry hairy knotweed herb or root is crushed, No. two sieves are crossed.Test sample about 4g is taken, it is accurately weighed, it sets in the conical flask of 250~300ml,
Precision plus Diluted Alcohol (49.5%~50.5% (ml/ml)) 100ml, close plug, cold soaking constantly shake in first 6 hours, then stand 18
Hour, it is filtered rapidly with dry filter, precision measures subsequent filtrate 20ml, sets and has dried into the evaporating dish of constant weight, in water-bath
It is 3 hours dry in 105 DEG C after being evaporated, set 30 minutes cooling in drier, rapid accurately weighed weight.
3, testing result:
(2) Quercetin
According to according to the high performance liquid chromatography under " Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China version in 2015 " the 4th general rule 0512
Method measurement.
1, chromatographic condition and system suitability
Using octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler；With -0.4% phosphoric acid solution of methanol (50: 50) for mobility；Inspection
Survey wavelength is 360nm.Number of theoretical plate is calculated by Quercetin peak should be not less than 3000.
2, the preparation of reference substance solution
Precision weighs that Quercetin reference substance is appropriate, add 80% methanol be made solution of every 1ml containing 40ug to get.
3, the preparation of test solution
Cultivation product and wild product powder (crossing No. three sieves) each about 1.0g are taken, it is accurately weighed.It sets in stuffed conical flask, precision adds
Enter 80% methanol 20ml, close plug, weighed weight.It is heated to reflux 60min, is let cool, then weighed weight.Less loss is supplied with 80% methanol
Weight, shake up, filter.Precision measures subsequent filtrate 10ml, adds 15% hydrochloric acid solution 4ml, sets in 85 DEG C of water-baths and be heated to reflux
20min takes out, cooling rapidly.It is transferred in 25ml measuring bottle, adds methanol dilution to scale, shake up, filter, take subsequent filtrate, i.e.,
?.
4, measuring method
Accurate absorption reference substance solution 10uL and 5~20uL of test solution respectively, injection liquid chromatograph, measurement, i.e.,
?.
5, measurement result
Quercetin standard items testing result such as Fig. 3 cultivates the Quercetin testing result of product and wild product respectively such as Fig. 4 and figure
Shown in 5.Conversion gained quercetin content ratio is as follows:
| Quercetin content (%) | Cultivation product | Wild product |
| Testing result | 0.41% | 0.22% |
From the above results, it cultivates the Diluted Alcohol extract of water polygonum flaccidum and quercetin content is all remarkably higher than its provenance
The wild water polygonum flaccidum on ground；Show that the quality for cultivating water polygonum flaccidum is preferable.
To sum up, polygonum flaccidum cultural method yield of the invention is high, and obtained polygonum flaccidum quality is good, has a good application prospect.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of water polygonum flaccidum, which is characterized in that it includes:
(1) crop field is handled: being ploughed by 20~30cm depth；
(2) open compartment: opening compartment and apply fertilizer to the subsoil 23~27kg/ mus, base fertilizer is by phosphate fertilizer and urea according to 1: the mass ratio of (0.8~1.2) is mixed
It closes；
(3) it pours water: accomplishing that compartment face is anhydrous, but compartment face soil need to be moistened all, the ponding for having 5cm or less deep in the ditch of compartment；
(4) seed treatment: soaking in water water polygonum flaccidum seed, makes its abundant imbibition；Every 100g seed adds 5~15kg soil to mix thoroughly；
(5) it sows, film on arch；
(6) field management:
A. keeping compartment face soil humidity is 75~85%；
B. such as fine day, when temperature reaches 30 DEG C or more in seedling field, one layer of sunshade net is covered on film；
C. it applies fertilizer:
A. seedling field occurs applying 45~55kg/ mus of urea when 2 leaves；
B. 70~80kg/ mus of urea are applied after a week,.
2. method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) Amount of Base Fertilizer is 25kg/ mus；And/or
Phosphate fertilizer and urea quality ratio are 1: 1.
3. method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), every 100g seed adds 10kg soil to mix
It is even.
4. method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5), sow 1.5~2kg of son per acre.
5. method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (6), the dosage of urea described in C lower a events
It is 50kg/ mus.
6. method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when needing to transplant polygonum flaccidum seedling, need to open at least 6 days in advance
Open film；Preferably, week in advance.
7. a kind of cultural method of water polygonum flaccidum, which is characterized in that it includes:
1) crop field is handled: being ploughed by 20~30cm depth；
2) transplant: 4~May transplants water polygonum flaccidum seedling, which obtained by any method for culturing seedlings of claim 1~6；
3) it applies fertilizer: applying 10~15kg/ mus of urea after one week of transplanting；25~35kg/ mus of nitro-compound fertilizer are applied after spending one month；
4) irrigate and drain: dry season irrigation keeps soil moisture 75~85%；Rainy season draining, cannot flood compartment face soil；
5) it harvests: the harvesting of 8~September part.
8. cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that it further includes the artificial weeding during cultivating.
9. cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that nitro-compound fertilizer is applied after half a month for the first time, if occurring
The case where leaf turns yellow, applies 15~20kg/ mus of nitro-compound fertilizer.
10. cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that if there is red spider, need to spray insecticide；The agriculture
Medicine fountain height are as follows: every 25kg water converts 24~36g of imidacloprid, 20~30g of pyridaben, sprays 1.2 mu of fields.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112471416A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-12 | 四川辅正药业股份有限公司 | Preparation process of fermented soybean |
| CN113419016A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-09-21 | 四川辅正药业股份有限公司 | Polygonum hydropiper extract and quality detection method of polygonum hydropiper |
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