CN109863077A - 汽车用底板及汽车用底板的制造方法 - Google Patents
汽车用底板及汽车用底板的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
在汽车用底板中,夹在两张CFRP板(13)之间并粘接的金属制蜂窝芯材(12)构成为,使形成为多边形(P)状的多个芯单体(14)以共用多边形(P)的边(S)的方式在一个面内连续。由沿着边(S)形成的帽形状截面部和一张CFRP板(13)构成的闭合截面部(18)在邻接的芯单体(14)的多边形(P)的顶点(V)处相互连续,因此不仅能够使多边形(P)状的芯单体(14)的内部开口而实现轻质化,通过使由以直线状延伸的闭合截面部(18)构成的高强度载荷传递路径在芯单体(14)的多边形(P)的顶点(V)处与其他多个载荷传递路径连续,还能够将沿底板的一个方向输入的碰撞载荷向其他多个方向分散传递而提高能量吸收性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及将金属制蜂窝芯材夹在两张CFRP板之间并粘接的汽车用底板和该汽车用底板的制造方法。
背景技术
根据下述专利文献1,已知由在铝等金属板上通过拉拔加工或冲压加工形成有多个凸型部分的蜂窝芯材和粘接在该蜂窝芯材的两个表面的氨基甲酸乙酯树脂或环氧树脂等表面材料构成的作为构造物等的壁面面板使用的蜂窝面板。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开平6-316015号公报
发明内容
然而,这种蜂窝面板虽然针对沿与蜂窝芯材表面正交方向输入的载荷具有很大强度,但针对沿与蜂窝芯材表面平行方向输入的载荷不具有足够的强度,因此若将上述以往的蜂窝面板作为汽车用底板使用,则在输入了与蜂窝芯材表面平行方向的碰撞载荷的情况下,存在无法获得充分的能量吸收效果的可能性。
本发明是鉴于前述情况提出的,目的在于提供一种生产容易且针对沿与蜂窝芯材表面平行方向输入的载荷具有高强度的汽车用底板。
为了实现上述目的,本发明第1方案提出一种汽车用底板,将金属制蜂窝芯材夹在两张CFRP板之间并粘接,其特征在于,所述蜂窝芯材使形成为多边形状的多个芯单体以共用该多边形的边的方式在一个面内连续,所述边构成具有顶面、一对侧表面及一对凸缘面的帽形状截面部,将一张所述CFRP板粘接于所述一对凸缘面而构成的沿所述边以直线状延伸的闭合截面部,在邻接的所述芯单体的所述多边形的顶点处相互连续。
另外,本发明第2方案提出一种汽车用底板,在所述第1方案的基础上,其特征在于,所述芯单体为正方形状或正三角形状。
另外,本发明第3方案提出一种汽车用底板,在所述第1或第2方案的基础上,其特征在于,将一对所述蜂窝芯材在所述帽形状截面部的顶面处相互粘接。
另外,本发明第4方案提出一种汽车用底板,在所述第3方案的基础上,其特征在于,将所述一对蜂窝芯材的所述帽形状截面部的凸缘面用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂粘接于所述CFRP板。
另外,本发明第5方案提出一种汽车用底板,在所述第3或第4方案的基础上,其特征在于,将所述一对蜂窝芯材的所述帽形状截面部的顶面彼此用环氧系粘接剂粘接。
另外,本发明第6方案提出一种汽车用底板,在所述第1至第5中任一方案的基础上,其特征在于,将所述两张CFRP板的端部彼此用环氧系粘接剂粘接。
另外,本发明第7方案提出一种汽车用底板,在所述第3或第4方案的基础上,其特征在于,将所述一对蜂窝芯材的所述帽形状截面部的顶面彼此用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂粘接。
另外,本发明第8方案提出一种汽车用底板,在所述第1至第7中任一方案的基础上,其特征在于,相互邻接的所述帽形状截面部的侧表面彼此平滑弯曲并连续。
另外,本发明第9方案提出一种汽车用底板的制造方法,为所述第1至第8中任一方案所述的汽车用底板的制造方法,其特征在于,通过以IH加热器对所述蜂窝芯材进行感应加热而使粘接剂硬化。
另外,本发明第10方案提出一种汽车用底板的制造方法,为在所述第1至第8中任一方案所述的汽车用底板的制造方法,其特征在于,通过吹塑成形对铝板进行深拉以制造所述蜂窝芯材。
发明的效果
根据本发明的第1方案,夹在两张CFRP板之间并粘接的金属制蜂窝芯材使形成为多边形状的多个芯单体以共用多边形的边的方式在一个面内连续。多边形的边构成具有顶面、一对侧表面及一对凸缘面的帽形状截面部,将一张CFRP板粘接于一对凸缘面而构成且沿边以直线状延伸的闭合截面部在邻接的芯单体的多边形的顶点处相互连续,因此不仅能够使多边形状的芯单体的内部开口而实现轻质化,通过使由以直线状延伸的闭合截面部构成的高强度载荷传递路径在芯单体的多边形的顶点处与其他多个载荷传递路径连续,还能够将沿底板的一个方向输入的碰撞载荷向其他多个方向分散传递而提高能量吸收性能。而且,金属制蜂窝芯材能够采用冲压加工,因此能够短时间且低成本地制造。
另外,根据本发明的第2方案,芯单体为正方形状或正三角形状,因此能够将粘接CFRP板的粘接剂沿帽形状截面部的顶面以直线状涂布,提高生产性。
另外,根据本发明的第3方案,由于将一对蜂窝芯材在帽形状截面部的顶面处相互粘接,因此,即使是因深拉困难而厚度小的冲压制蜂窝芯材,也能够通过将其两张重叠而获得需要板厚的底板。
另外,根据本发明的第4方案,由于将一对蜂窝芯材的帽形状截面部的凸缘面用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂粘接于CFRP板,因此能够利用柔软的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂层抑制较硬而容易传递振动的CFRP板的振动。
另外,根据本发明的第5方案,由于将一对蜂窝芯材的帽形状截面部的顶面彼此用环氧系粘接剂粘接,因此能够以高强度的环氧系粘接剂将一对蜂窝芯材牢固地粘接,而且由于是同种材料彼此间的粘接,因此粘接强度进一步提高。
另外,根据本发明的第6方案,由于将两张CFRP板的端部彼此用环氧系粘接剂粘接,因此能够用高强度的环氧系粘接剂将CFRP板牢固地粘接,而且由于是同种材料彼此的粘接,因此粘接强度进一步提高。
另外,根据本发明的第7方案,由于将一对蜂窝芯材的帽形状截面部的顶面彼此用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂粘接,因此能够通过在一对蜂窝芯材之间形成柔软的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂层来抑制底板振动。
另外,根据本发明的第8方案,相互邻接的帽形状截面部的侧表面彼此平滑地弯曲并连续,因此能够将沿多边形的一条边向顶点输入的载荷从顶点沿多条边高效地传递。
另外,根据本发明的第9方案,由于通过以IH加热器对蜂窝芯材进行感应加热而使粘接剂硬化,因此能够缩短粘接剂的硬化时间,提高生产效率。
另外,根据本发明的第10方案,由于通过吹塑成形对铝板进行深拉来制造蜂窝芯材,因此与对相同板厚的铝板进行冲压成形的情况相比能够实现深拉,即使不将蜂窝芯材设为两层也能够获得需要板厚的底板,能够减少部件数量及制造成本。
附图说明
图1是蜂窝面板的剖视图(图2的1-1线剖视图)。(第1实施方式)
图2是图1的2-2线向视图。(第1实施方式)
图3是蜂窝芯材的立体图。(第1实施方式)
图4是表示蜂窝芯材的载荷与变形量的关系的图表。(第1实施方式)
图5是与图2对应的图。(第2实施方式)
图6是与图1对应的图。(第3实施方式)
附图标记说明
12 蜂窝芯材
13 CFRP板
14 芯单体
14a 顶面
14b 侧表面
14c 凸缘面
15 粘接剂
16 粘接剂
17 粘接剂
18 闭合截面部
P 多边形
S 边
V 顶点
具体实施方式
基于附图说明本发明的实施方式。
第1实施方式
以下基于图1至图4说明本发明的第1实施方式。
如图1至图3所示,作为汽车用底板使用的蜂窝面板11由铝合金制蜂窝芯材12和粘接在该蜂窝芯材12的两个表面的一对CFRP板13、13构成。CFRP板13、13在作为基材的树脂内部埋设作为加强材料的碳纤维,在本实施方式中,一对CFRP板13、13的端部以在蜂窝芯材12的外侧直角弯折的状态相互重叠并用粘接剂15粘接。
蜂窝芯材12将铝合金制原材料吹塑成形而成,正六边形的芯单体14在一个面内重复连续(参照图2)。芯单体14的基本形状为具有六条边S和六个顶点V的多边形(正六边形)P,在一个多边形P的周围连续配置共用六条边S的六个多边形P,在各顶点V处三条边S以120°的角度交叉。共用多边形P的一条边S的两个芯单体14、14的横截面为帽形状截面(参照图1),包括一个顶面14a、两个侧表面14b、14b和两个凸缘面14c、14c。蜂窝芯材12的内周侧的凸缘面14c的内侧开口为正六边形,对应于该开口的量,蜂窝芯材12轻质化。
蜂窝芯材12将帽形状截面部的顶面14a用粘接剂16粘接于一个CFRP板13,帽形状截面部的凸缘面14c、14c用粘接剂17粘接于另一CFRP板13。其结果是,在与多边形P的两个芯单体14、14相连接的边S对应的位置,由顶面14a、一对侧表面14b、14b及另一CFRP板13构成沿边S以直线状延伸的梯形状截面的闭合截面部18,在多边形P的顶点V处,三个闭合截面部18以120°的交叉角汇合。
在多边形P的顶点V处汇合的两条边S的侧表面14b、14b彼此不形成尖锐的角部,而是平滑地弯曲并连续(参照图2)。
接下来说明具有上述构成的本发明实施方式的作用。
在从乘员的腿部向作为汽车用底板使用的蜂窝面板11施加与板面正交方向的载荷时,与通常的蜂窝面板同样地,从一方的CFRP板13向蜂窝芯材12输入的载荷经由帽形状截面部的侧表面14b向另一CFRP板13传递分散,因而在实现轻质的同时具有高强度。
在向蜂窝面板11施加与面平行方向的碰撞载荷时,经由蜂窝芯材12的由高强度的一个直线状闭合截面部18构成的载荷传递路径传递的碰撞载荷,被分散传递至由在多边形P的顶点V处交叉的两个闭合截面部18、18构成的其他载荷传递路径,这些载荷传递路径依次重复而将碰撞载荷分散至整个蜂窝面板11,从而能够防止蜂窝面板11的局部破坏,提高能量吸收性能。
此时,由于在多边形P的顶点V处交叉的帽形状截面部的侧表面14b彼此间平滑地弯曲并连续(参照图2),因此能够更高效地将经由一个载荷传递路径传递的碰撞载荷向另两个载荷传递路径传递分散。
而且,蜂窝芯材12将多个正六边形状的芯单体14连续组合而构成,因此具有各向同性,无论是前面碰撞的碰撞载荷还是侧面碰撞的碰撞载荷,也均能够同样地发挥能量吸收性能。
另外,蜂窝芯材12为与CFRP制相比延展性优异的铝合金制,如图4所示,在输入载荷增加时不会骤然断裂,而是持续地塑性变形而发挥高能量吸收性能。另外,通过吹塑成形蜂窝芯材12,与冲压成形的情况相比能够实现深拉,因此能够仅以一层蜂窝芯材12使蜂窝面板11具有足够的厚度,能够实现基于部件数量削减的成本降低。另外,蜂窝芯材12为铝合金制,与CFRP制相比不仅成本低且能够使用IH(Indirect Heating)加热器进行感应加热,因此能够在制造时以IH加热器对粘接剂15、16、17进行加热而缩短硬化时间,而且能够进行焊接加工或利用铝合金延展性的铆接加工。
第2实施方式
接下来基于图5说明本发明的第2实施方式。
第1实施方式中芯单体14为正六边形,第2实施方式与之区别在于芯单体14为正方形。根据本实施方式,由于将连续的多个帽形状截面部的顶面14a及凸缘面14c以直线状排列,因此在使用机器人在上述部位进行涂布粘接剂16、17的作业时,能够使机器手以直线状移动而无需曲折移动,能够在第1实施方式的作用效果的基础上进一步实现提高作业效率的作用效果。
第3实施方式
接下来基于图6说明本发明的第3实施方式。
在第3实施方式中,在第1实施方式的蜂窝面板11中,将非吹塑成形而是冲压成形的两个蜂窝芯材12、12层叠两层,并在帽形状截面部的顶面14a处用粘接剂16粘接。此时,作为将蜂窝芯材12的帽形状截面部的凸缘面14c粘接于CFRP板13、13的粘接剂17,使用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系弹性粘接剂。另外,将两个蜂窝芯材12、12的帽形状截面部的顶面14a彼此间粘接的粘接剂16和将CFRP板13、13的端部彼此粘接的粘接剂15使用环氧系粘接剂。
根据本实施方式,通过将两层蜂窝芯材12层叠,由于能够使各层的蜂窝芯材12比第1实施方式薄,因此能够以冲压成形制造深拉加工困难的蜂窝芯材12,实现制造成本的进一步削减。另外,硬的CFRP板13、13的弹性模量达到230至650MPa,存在容易传递振动的问题,而通过将蜂窝芯材12的帽形状截面部的凸缘面14c与CFRP板13、13用弹性模量低的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂17粘接,能够减小蜂窝面板11的振动/噪音。另外,将帽形状截面部的顶面14a彼此间粘接的环氧系粘接剂16和将CFRP板13、13的端部彼此粘接的环氧系粘接剂15由于粘接强度高于氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂,因此能够提高粘接部的强度,而且,由于是同种部件间的粘接,因此粘接强度进一步提高。
以上说明了本发明的实施方式,但本发明能够在不脱离其主旨的范围内进行多种设计变更。
例如,芯单体14的多边形P的形状不限定于正六边形或正方形,也可以是正三角形。
另外,在第3实施方式中,两个蜂窝芯材12、12的帽形状截面部的顶面14a彼此间用环氧系粘接剂16粘接,但也可以将其用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系弹性粘接剂粘接。由此能够利用弹性模量低的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂17减小蜂窝面板11的振动/噪音。
Claims (10)
1.一种汽车用底板,将金属制蜂窝芯材(12)夹在两张CFRP板(13)之间并粘接,该汽车用底板的特征在于,
所述蜂窝芯材(12)使形成为多边形(P)状的多个芯单体(14)以共用该多边形(P)的边(S)的方式在一个面内连续,所述边(S)构成具有顶面(14a)、一对侧表面(14b)及一对凸缘面(14c)的帽形状截面部,将一张所述CFRP板(13)粘接于所述一对凸缘面(14c)而构成的沿所述边(S)以直线状延伸的闭合截面部(18),在邻接的所述芯单体(14)的所述多边形(P)的顶点(V)处相互连续。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车用底板,其特征在于,
所述芯单体(14)为正方形状或正三角形状。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的汽车用底板,其特征在于,
将一对所述蜂窝芯材(12)在所述帽形状截面部的顶面(14a)处相互粘接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的汽车用底板,其特征在于,
将所述一对蜂窝芯材(12)的所述帽形状截面部的凸缘面(14c)用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂(17)粘接于所述CFRP板(13)。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的汽车用底板,其特征在于,
将所述一对蜂窝芯材(12)的所述帽形状截面部的顶面(14a)彼此用环氧系粘接剂(16)粘接。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的汽车用底板,其特征在于,
将所述两张CFRP板(13)的端部彼此用环氧系粘接剂(15)粘接。
7.根据权利要求3或4所述的汽车用底板,其特征在于,
将所述一对蜂窝芯材(12)的所述帽形状截面部的顶面(14a)彼此用弹性模量为10至120MPa的氨基甲酸乙酯系粘接剂(16)粘接。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的汽车用底板,其特征在于,
相互邻接的所述帽形状截面部的侧表面(14b)彼此平滑地弯曲并连续。
9.一种汽车用底板的制造方法,其为权利要求1至8中任一项所述的汽车用底板的制造方法,特征在于,
通过以IH加热器对所述蜂窝芯材(12)进行感应加热而使粘接剂硬化。
10.一种汽车用底板的制造方法,其为权利要求1至8中任一项所述的汽车用底板的制造方法,特征在于,
通过吹塑成形对铝板进行深拉而制造所述蜂窝芯材(12)。
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US11230082B2 (en) | 2022-01-25 |
JP6660482B2 (ja) | 2020-03-11 |
JPWO2018078990A1 (ja) | 2019-06-24 |
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CN109863077B (zh) | 2022-01-07 |
US20200047449A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
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