CN109804962A - A kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method - Google Patents
A kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting methods, belong to aquaculture field.The water transfer method be when initially to deposit fish amount in breeding water body be 250kg/ mu or less (containing 250kg/ mu) and at 250kg/ mus or more, it is regular respectively one of to change agent, benefit microbial inoculum using water activating agent, bottom and apply biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate or a variety of adjust cultivation water；The price of deed of fish can be improved in the cultivation water adjusting method；Reduce stress, improve aquatic livestock immunity；It improves main class of breeding fish and increases 5-10%；It reduces the dosages such as desinsection, disinfection and is reduced 20-30%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting methods, belong to aquaculture field.
Background technique
Currently, the aquaculture production of China accounts for about the 71% of world aquaculture total amount；The increasing of Chinese Fishery aquaculture
Long rate has accounted for the 60% of All Around The World aquaculture growth rate；China is that only one aquaculture production is super in the world today
Cross the country of amount of fishing.In order to avoid polluted water region environment and the sustainable health development for ensuring culture fishery, China's aquatic products
Industry will change from scalar type to quality and efficiency, and the intensive industrial aquaculture of ultra high density is wherein main development side
To.
With the rapid development of culture fishery, the scale of intensive industrialized aquaculture is growing.Since people are excessive
Dispensing bait and some unreasonable discharges of rich nutritive materials such as phosphorus for be easy to causeing wawter bloom, red tide, while excrement, residual bait
The accumulation of equal organic substances, causes the accumulation of the noxious materials such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide in water, the deteriorating water quality of cultivation water, even
Deteriorate, causes a large amount of morbidities of cultivated animals dead.Water quality is the basic and basic of aquaculture, directly affects cultivation
The success or failure that quality, benefit even produce.How to realize the sustainable development of aquaculture be government, enterprise, environmentalist and
The problem of aquaculture worker pays close attention to jointly.So the ecological problem of China Today culture fishery have become us must
It need conscientiously study and exert to solve the problems, such as.Therefore a kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method meaning weight is studied
Greatly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting side
Method effectively solves the nutrient transformation efficiency and cost problem of pond ecosystem, especially the pollution exacerbation of cultivation middle and later periods, water quality
The problems such as aging, low nutrient transformation efficiency.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention uses following technological means:
A kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method, it is characterised in that:
(1) when initially depositing fish amount in breeding water body is 250kg/ mus or less (containing 250kg/ mus), cultivation water adjusting method is as follows:
(1) 3-6 month cultivates phase water transfer: using 1 water activating agent on the day of feeding bait since March is for the first time, reuses at the beginning of 5 months
1 water activating agent, the usage amount of each water activating agent are 200g/ mus；It is applied the 15-20 days after on the day of starting to feed bait
1 time bottom changes agent, changes agent every 1 bottom of application in 20-30 days later, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 120-200g/ mus；And every
Secondary application bottom applied 1 benefit microbial inoculum every 2 days after changing agent again, and it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation
Every one of 10-15 days application biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate or a variety of, maintain carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body
2-4:1, N/P ratio maintain 8-15:1；
(2) cultivate phase water transfer 7-9 month: at the beginning of 7 months and September is just respectively using 1 water activating agent, and the usage amount of each water activating agent is
200g/ mus；1 bottom is applied since last time use in June bottom changes the 15-20 days after agent and changes agent, later every 15-20
Its 1 bottom of application changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 180-240g/ mus；And it was applied again after application bottom every time changes agent every 2 days
With 1 benefit microbial inoculum, it is 15-20g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation every 20-30 days application biofermentations
One of material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-
15:1；
(3) cultivate phase water transfer 10-11 month: using 1 water activating agent at the beginning of 11 months, the usage amount of water activating agent is 200g/ mus；From September
What part last time use bottom changed after agent the starts 1 bottom of application for 10-15 days and changes agent, and applying 1 bottom changes agent, later every 10-
1 bottom of application in 15 days changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 200-300g/ mus；And change after agent every 2 days again at application bottom every time
1 benefit microbial inoculum is applied, it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；It is sent out according to water body situation every the biology of application in 15-20 days
One of ferment material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains
8-15:1。
(2) when initially depositing fish amount in breeding water body higher than 250kg/ mus, cultivation water adjusting method is as follows:
(1) 3-6 month cultivates phase water transfer: using 1 water activating agent on the day of feeding bait since March is for the first time, reuses at the beginning of 5 months
1 water activating agent, the usage amount of each water activating agent are 200g/ mus；It is applied the 15-20 days after on the day of starting to feed bait
1 time bottom changes agent, changes agent every 1 bottom of application in 15-20 days later, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 120-200g/ mus；And every
Secondary application bottom applied 1 benefit microbial inoculum every 2 days after changing agent again, and it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation
Every one of 10-15 days application biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate or a variety of, maintain carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body
2-4:1, N/P ratio maintain 8-15:1；
(2) cultivate phase water transfer 7-9 month: at the beginning of 7 months and September is just respectively using 1 water activating agent, and the usage amount of each water activating agent is
200g/ mus；Since last time use in June bottom changes the 15-20 days after agent, applies 1 bottom and change agent, later every 10-
1 bottom of application in 15 days changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 180-240g/ mus；And change after agent every 2 days again at application bottom every time
1 benefit microbial inoculum is applied, it is 15-20g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；It is sent out according to water body situation every the biology of application in 20-30 days
One of ferment material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains
8-15:1；
(3) cultivate phase water transfer 10-11 month: using 1 water activating agent at the beginning of 11 months, the usage amount of water activating agent is 200g/ mus；From September
What part last time use bottom changed after agent the starts 1 bottom of application for 10-15 days and changes agent, and applying 1 bottom changes agent, later every 10-
1 bottom of application in 15 days changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 200-300g/ mus；And change after agent every 2 days again at application bottom every time
1 benefit microbial inoculum is applied, it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；It is sent out according to water body situation every the biology of application in 20-30 days
Ferment material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate it is one or more, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-
15:1；
The water activating agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) humic acid and active carbon 5-8:3-5 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) nano zeolite powder, yeast iron and aluminium oxide 1-2:1-3:8-10 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
3) gains in step 1) and step 2 are uniformly mixed by quality 5-8:2-3, obtain compound, it is few that sweet dew is then added
Sugar, the additional amount of manna oligosacchride are the 10-15% of compound quality, stir evenly, the water bath processing 1h in 60 DEG C, then add again
Enter xanthan gum, the additional amount of xanthan gum is the 10-12% of compound quality, stirs evenly, handles under 100 DEG C of water bath conditions
10min dries in the shade after then die casting is blocking；
The bottom change agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) calper calcium peroxide and potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salts 1-2:3-5 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2 will be pressed into botanical fungicide and the ethanol solution that concentration is 85% is added, stir evenly, obtain plant source
Microbicide solution, for use；
The botanical fungicide is made of Cuminum cyminum extract, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree extract, shrubby sophora extract and Herba Lycopi extract；Plant
The preparation method of source bactericide are as follows: by cumin, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, kuh-seng and Herba Lycopi 3-5:1-2:1-2:4-6 in mass ratio, co-grinding
30 meshes are crossed, composite plant powder is obtained, the ethyl alcohol that concentration is 75%, ultrasonic extraction is added by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 into compound Plant Powder
30min, is filtered after ultrasonic by 45 DEG C of ultrasonic temperature, ultrasonic power 200-240W, and filter vacuum is dry to get plant source
Fungicide；
3) it by gains in step 1) and glycerin monostearate 10-12:1 in mass ratio, stirs evenly, plant source is then added
Microbicide solution, the additional amount of botanical fungicide solution are 3-5 times of step 1) gains quality, are stirred evenly, at 60 DEG C
Under the conditions of water bath processing 1h, vacuum drying, dry in the shade after then die casting is blocking；
It is described mend microbial inoculum the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder, bafillus natto bacterium powder and lactoenterococcus bacterium
Powder 1-2:2-4:3-5:1-2:1-2 in mass ratio is uniformly mixed, and obtains composite bacterium powder, and viable count is 1.2 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder
×108Cfu/g, viable count is 2.6 × 10 in actinomyces bacterium powder6Cfu/g, in bacillus subtilis powder viable count be 1.5 ×
108Cfu/g, viable count is 2.0 × 10 in bafillus natto bacterium powder6Cfu/g, viable count is 2.0 in lactoenterococcus bacterium powder
×108cfu/g；
2) composite bacterium powder is mixed with bean cake powder and apple pomace 1-3:3-5:10-12 in mass ratio, obtains fermentation material, nothing is then added
Bacterium water, the additional amount of sterile water are the 10% of fermentation material, and ferment 10h under the conditions of 37 DEG C, and saccharomycete is then added, and saccharomycete adds
Enter the 4-7% that amount is fermentation material quality, continues fermentation for 24 hours, after fermentation low temperature drying under the conditions of 30-40 DEG C, then die casting
It is blocking.
The fermenting organism material the preparation method comprises the following steps: rice bran crushed 40 meshes, make in rice bran after adding water and mixing
Water content reaches 30-40%, obtains fermentation substrate, and then composite zymocyte powder is added in fermentation substrate and is uniformly mixed, composite fermentation
The additional amount of bacterium powder is the 0.5-1.0% of fermentation substrate quality, is sealed by fermentation 48-60h, after fermentation, carries out low temperature drying,
Obtain fermenting organism material；The composite zymocyte powder is by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, saccharomycete bacterium powder, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder
It is formed according to mass ratio 1:1-2:1-3:1-2, viable count is 1.5 × 10 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder6Cfu/g, saccharomycete bacterium powder
Middle viable count is 2.5 × 108Viable count is 4.0 × 10 in cfu/g, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder6Viable count is in cfu/g, actinomyces bacterium powder
1.2×107cfu/g。
The method of administration of the water activating agent are as follows: after being installed water activating agent with gauze or hollow out box, hang on breeding water body
In；
The bottom changes the method for administration of agent are as follows: uniformly dry spreads in water surface for aquaculture；
The method of administration for mending microbial inoculum are as follows: microbial inoculum will be mended and be uniformly mixed with the brown sugar water of 3-5% according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:100-120
After impregnating 3-4h, uniformly splash to water surface for aquaculture.
Beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following substantial effect outstanding:
1, this method can effectively solve the Utilizing question of most albumen more than needed in breeding water body, by supplement carbon, nitrogen,
Phosphorus can effectively keep the type and quantity of algae in breeding water body, and then maintain to take Measures of Algae in Water Body as the floating of main nutrient source
It moves about the abundance of object, keeps the ecological balance of water body planktonic organism, meanwhile, it can effectively avoid because this method indsole changes agent to swimming
The killing of animal worm's ovum ensure that the hatching rate of worm's ovum, it is possible to reduce the destruction to water ecosystem.In entire breeding process
The albumen more than needed and fish waste generated is utilized all in the form of nutrient source by benign cycle, alleviates environmental pollution pressure；
2, this cultural method is promoted and makes full use of the natural productivity in pond, and when natural underproductiving is supplemented auxiliary production
Power, water stabilization and benefit can be obviously improved；Whole process can be improved main class of breeding fish using this cultural method and increase 5-10%, auxiliary feeding
Filter-feeding fish increases production 20-50%；
3, by activating in the breeding water body ecosystem in maximum quantity of material --- water adds the operating of the breeding water body ecosystem
Speed, ecological running efficiency is higher, more stable, and the method for the present invention can make breeding water body vigor get a promotion, using can after water activating agent
Make hydrone nuclear magnetic resonance half-amplitude duration that can be reduced to 80-120Hz；
4, running water promotes directly being absorbed and utilized for feed, improves the price of deed；Reduce stress, improve aquatic livestock immunity；
5, running water promotes waste and residual bait directly to decompose and promoted to algae zooplankter transformation efficiency, pollution reduction, natural bait
Material increases, and fish disease evil is few, and long speed is fast；The dosages such as single desinsection, disinfection can be made to be reduced 20-30%.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method, it is characterised in that:
It is breeded fish based on grass carp, for aquaculture model of breeding fish supplemented by silver carp, flathead, initially depositing fish amount 148kg or so, (the middle ten days in March is every
Mu launches 90g or so 1200 tail of specification grass carp seedling, silver carp 250g or so 10 tails/mu, 150 tails of bighead 250g or so/mu), cultivation
Coverage of water is 15 mu, normally feeds feed cultivation, cultivation water adjusting method are as follows:
(1) 3-6 month cultivates phase water transfer: using 1 water activating agent on the day of feeding bait since March 20, reused May 10
1 water activating agent, the usage amount of each water activating agent are 200g/ mus；The 20th day after feeding the bait same day since March 20
It applies 1 bottom and changes agent, change agent every 1 bottom of application in 25 days later, applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 160g/ mus；And each
Application bottom applied 1 benefit microbial inoculum every 2 days after changing agent again, and it is 13g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation every
One of 10-15 days application biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, and carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is made to maintain 2-4:
1, N/P ratio maintains 8-15:1；
(2) cultivate phase water transfer 7-9 month: July 5 and September 5th, the usage amount of each water activating agent was respectively using 1 water activating agent
200g/ mus；1 bottom is applied the 20th day after last time use in June bottom changes agent and changes agent, is applied later every 18 days
1 time bottom changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 200g/ mus；And 1 benefit bacterium was applied again every 2 days after application bottom every time changes agent
Agent, it is 18g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation every 20-30 days application biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate
With one of ammonium bicarbonate or a variety of, carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is set to maintain 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-15:1；
(3) it cultivates phase water transfer 10-11 month: using 1 water activating agent on November 5, the usage amount of water activating agent is 200g/ mus；From September
Part last time use bottom changes 1 bottom that starts for the 15th day to apply after agent and changes agent, applies 1 bottom and changes agent, applied later every 13 days
Change agent with 1 bottom, applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 250g/ mus；And 1 benefit was applied again every 2 days after application bottom every time changes agent
Microbial inoculum, it is 13g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation every 15-20 days application biofermentation material, phosphoric acid one
One of ammonium and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-15:1.
The water activating agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) humic acid and active carbon 5:3 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) nano zeolite powder, yeast iron and aluminium oxide 1:1:8 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
3) gains in step 1) and step 2 are uniformly mixed by quality 5:2, obtain compound, manna oligosacchride is then added, it is sweet
The additional amount for revealing oligosaccharides is the 10% of compound quality, is stirred evenly, and water bath processing 1h, then adds xanthan gum in 60 DEG C,
The additional amount of xanthan gum is the 10% of compound quality, stirs evenly, 10min is handled under 100 DEG C of water bath conditions, then die casting
It dries in the shade after blocking；
The bottom change agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) calper calcium peroxide and potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salts 1:3 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2 will be pressed into botanical fungicide and the ethanol solution that concentration is 85% is added, stir evenly, obtain plant source
Microbicide solution, for use；
The botanical fungicide is made of Cuminum cyminum extract, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree extract, shrubby sophora extract and Herba Lycopi extract；Plant
The preparation method of source bactericide are as follows: by cumin, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, kuh-seng and Herba Lycopi 3:1:1:4 in mass ratio, co-grinding crosses 30 mesh
Sieve, obtains composite plant powder, and the ethyl alcohol that concentration is 75% is added by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 into compound Plant Powder, and ultrasonic extraction 30min surpasses
Sound temperature 45 C, ultrasonic power 200W are filtered after ultrasonic, and filter vacuum is dry to get botanical fungicide；
3) it by gains in step 1) and glycerin monostearate 10:1 in mass ratio, stirs evenly, plant source is then added and kills
Microbial inoculum solution, the additional amount of botanical fungicide solution are 3 times of step 1) gains quality, are stirred evenly, in 60 DEG C of conditions
Lower water bath processing 1h, vacuum drying, dries in the shade after then die casting is blocking；
It is described mend microbial inoculum the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder, bafillus natto bacterium powder and lactoenterococcus bacterium
Powder 1:2:3:1:1 in mass ratio is uniformly mixed, and obtains composite bacterium powder, and viable count is 1.2 × 10 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder8Cfu/g,
Viable count is 2.6 × 10 in actinomyces bacterium powder6Cfu/g, viable count is 1.5 × 10 in bacillus subtilis powder8Cfu/g receives
Viable count is 2.0 × 10 in beans bacillus bacterium powder6Cfu/g, viable count is 2.0 × 10 in lactoenterococcus bacterium powder8cfu/g；
2) composite bacterium powder is mixed with bean cake powder and apple pomace 1:3:10 in mass ratio, obtains fermentation material, sterile water, nothing is then added
The additional amount of bacterium water is the 10% of fermentation material, and ferment 10h under the conditions of 37 DEG C, and saccharomycete is then added, and the additional amount of saccharomycete is hair
The 4% of ferment amount of substance continues fermentation for 24 hours, after fermentation low temperature drying under the conditions of 30 DEG C, and then die casting is blocking.
The fermenting organism material the preparation method comprises the following steps: rice bran crushed 40 meshes, make in rice bran after adding water and mixing
Water content obtains fermentation substrate up to 35%, and then composite zymocyte powder is added in fermentation substrate and is uniformly mixed, composite zymocyte
The additional amount of powder is the 0.8% of fermentation substrate quality, is sealed by fermentation 54h, after fermentation, carries out low temperature drying, obtains fermentation life
Material；The composite zymocyte powder is by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, saccharomycete bacterium powder, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder according to mass ratio
1:1.5:2:1.5 is formed, and viable count is 1.5 × 10 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder6Viable count is 2.5 in cfu/g, saccharomycete bacterium powder
×108Viable count is 4.0 × 10 in cfu/g, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder6Viable count is 1.2 × 10 in cfu/g, actinomyces bacterium powder7cfu/
g。
The method of administration of the water activating agent are as follows: after being installed water activating agent with gauze or hollow out box, hang on breeding water body
In；
The bottom changes the method for administration of agent are as follows: uniformly dry spreads in water surface for aquaculture；
The method of administration for mending microbial inoculum are as follows: microbial inoculum will be mended and be uniformly mixed with 3% brown sugar water according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:100 and impregnate 3h
Afterwards, it uniformly splashes to water surface for aquaculture.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method, it is characterised in that:
It is breeded fish based on grass carp, for aquaculture model of breeding fish supplemented by silver carp, flathead, initially depositing fish amount 280kg or so, (the middle ten days in March is every
Mu launches 150g or so 1500 tail of specification grass carp seedling, silver carp 250g or so 20 tails/mu, 200 tails of bighead 250g or so/mu), cultivation
Coverage of water is 15 mu, cultivation water adjusting method are as follows:
(1) 3-6 month cultivates phase water transfer: using 1 water activating agent on the day of feeding bait since March 20, reused May 10
1 water activating agent, the usage amount of each water activating agent are 200g/ mus；It is applied 1 time the 15th day after on the day of starting to feed bait
Bottom changes agent, changes agent every 1 bottom of application in 15 days later, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 180g/ mus；And change at application bottom every time
Applied 1 benefit microbial inoculum after agent again every 2 days, it is 15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；It was applied according to water body situation every 10-15 days
With one of biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate or a variety of, carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is made to maintain 2-4:1, N/P ratio
Value maintains 8-15:1；
(2) cultivate phase water transfer 7-9 month: July 5 and September 5th, the usage amount of each water activating agent was respectively using 1 water activating agent
200g/ mus；Since the 15th day after last time use in June bottom changes agent, applies 1 bottom and change agent, applied later every 10 days
Change agent with 1 bottom, applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 220g/ mus；And 1 benefit was applied again every 2 days after application bottom every time changes agent
Microbial inoculum, it is 18g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation every 20-30 days application biofermentation material, phosphoric acid one
One of ammonium and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-15:1；
(3) it cultivates phase water transfer 10-11 month: using 1 water activating agent on November 5, the usage amount of water activating agent is 200g/ mus；From September
Part last time use bottom changes 1 bottom that starts for the 10th day to apply after agent and changes agent, applies 1 bottom and changes agent, applied later every 10 days
Change agent with 1 bottom, applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 250g/ mus；And 1 benefit was applied again every 2 days after application bottom every time changes agent
Microbial inoculum, it is 14g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation every 20-30 days application biofermentation material, phosphoric acid one
Ammonium and ammonium bicarbonate it is one or more, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-15:1；
The water activating agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) humic acid and active carbon 8:5 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) nano zeolite powder, yeast iron and aluminium oxide 2:3:10 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
3) gains in step 1) and step 2 are uniformly mixed by quality 8:3, obtain compound, manna oligosacchride is then added, it is sweet
The additional amount for revealing oligosaccharides is the 15% of compound quality, is stirred evenly, and water bath processing 1h, then adds xanthan gum in 60 DEG C,
The additional amount of xanthan gum is the 12% of compound quality, stirs evenly, 10min is handled under 100 DEG C of water bath conditions, then die casting
It dries in the shade after blocking；
The bottom change agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) calper calcium peroxide and potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salts 2:5 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2 will be pressed into botanical fungicide and the ethanol solution that concentration is 85% is added, stir evenly, obtain plant source
Microbicide solution, for use；
The botanical fungicide is made of Cuminum cyminum extract, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree extract, shrubby sophora extract and Herba Lycopi extract；Plant
The preparation method of source bactericide are as follows: by cumin, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, kuh-seng and Herba Lycopi 5:2:2:6 in mass ratio, co-grinding crosses 30 mesh
Sieve, obtains composite plant powder, and the ethyl alcohol that concentration is 75% is added by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 into compound Plant Powder, and ultrasonic extraction 30min surpasses
Sound temperature 45 C, ultrasonic power 240W are filtered after ultrasonic, and filter vacuum is dry to get botanical fungicide；
3) gains in step 1) and glycerin monostearate are pressed into quality 12:1, stirred evenly, plant source sterilization is then added
Agent solution, the additional amount of botanical fungicide solution are 5 times of step 1) gains quality, are stirred evenly, under the conditions of 60 DEG C
Water bath processing 1h, vacuum drying, dries in the shade after then die casting is blocking；
It is described mend microbial inoculum the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder, bafillus natto bacterium powder and lactoenterococcus bacterium
Powder 2:4:5:2:2 in mass ratio is uniformly mixed, and obtains composite bacterium powder, and viable count is 1.2 × 10 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder8Cfu/g,
Viable count is 2.6 × 10 in actinomyces bacterium powder6Cfu/g, viable count is 1.5 × 10 in bacillus subtilis powder8Cfu/g receives
Viable count is 2.0 × 10 in beans bacillus bacterium powder6Cfu/g, viable count is 2.0 × 10 in lactoenterococcus bacterium powder8cfu/g；
2) composite bacterium powder is mixed with bean cake powder and apple pomace 3:5:12 in mass ratio, obtains fermentation material, sterile water, nothing is then added
The additional amount of bacterium water is the 10% of fermentation material, and ferment 10h under the conditions of 37 DEG C, and saccharomycete is then added, and the additional amount of saccharomycete is hair
The 7% of ferment amount of substance continues fermentation for 24 hours, after fermentation low temperature drying under the conditions of 40 DEG C, and then die casting is blocking.
The fermenting organism material the preparation method comprises the following steps: rice bran crushed 40 meshes, make in rice bran after adding water and mixing
Water content obtains fermentation substrate up to 40%, and then composite zymocyte powder is added in fermentation substrate and is uniformly mixed, composite zymocyte
The additional amount of powder is the 1.0% of fermentation substrate quality, is sealed by fermentation 60h, after fermentation, carries out low temperature drying, obtains fermentation life
Material；The composite zymocyte powder is by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, saccharomycete bacterium powder, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder according to mass ratio
1:2:3:2 is formed, and viable count is 1.5 × 10 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder6In cfu/g, saccharomycete bacterium powder viable count be 2.5 ×
108Viable count is 4.0 × 10 in cfu/g, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder6Viable count is 1.2 × 10 in cfu/g, actinomyces bacterium powder7cfu/g。
The method of administration of the water activating agent are as follows: after being installed water activating agent with gauze or hollow out box, hang on breeding water body
In；
The bottom changes the method for administration of agent are as follows: uniformly dry spreads in water surface for aquaculture；
The method of administration for mending microbial inoculum are as follows: microbial inoculum will be mended and be uniformly mixed with 5% brown sugar water according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:120 and impregnate 4h
Afterwards, it uniformly splashes to water surface for aquaculture.
Specific test effect:
Test is carried out in Yichuan cultivation base, and control group and test group pond area are 15 mu, based on grass carp
It breeds fish, breeds fish supplemented by silver carp, flathead, cultivating pool, water body launches the grass carp seedling 1200 of 90g or so specification per acre from the middle ten days in March
10 tail of tail, 250g or so specification silver carp seedling, 150 tail of bighead seedling of 250g or so, initial fish storage is 148kg or so.From 3
Start for 20th the moon to feed feed, test group is according to the cultivation water adjusting method water transfer of embodiment 1, and control group is using conventional cultivation water transfer
Method water transfer；It tests to 15 end of day in November.Yield, survival rate, grass carp feedstuff-meat ratio are counted after fishing, test group applies work every time
24 hours and 72 hours after aqua, water sampling measures breeding water body17O NMR signal half-amplitude duration, and it is identical in test group sampling
Time sampling measures control group breeding water body17O NMR signal half-amplitude duration.Concrete outcome is shown in Tables 1 and 2.
Water body activation effect detection foundation and method: according to " JY/T007-1996 superconduction arteries and veins Fourier-transform nuclear magnetic resonance
Spectral method general rule ", measurement test group water quality after 24 hours of water activating agent, 72 hours are added17O NMR signal half-amplitude duration becomes
Change situation.Detecting instrument is 500 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical analyser of AVANCE III HD.
1 control group of table, the growth of test group fish, production target situation
Seen from table 1, when off-test, test group grass carp, silver carp, bighead yield improves 26.67% than control group respectively,
12.50% and 121.43%；Test group grass carp, silver carp, bighead survival rate improve 6.35%, 4.57% and than control group respectively
10.11%, and the feedstuff-meat ratio of test group grass carp reduces 7.14% than control group, and disinfection, the insecticide medication frequency have dropped
66.7%。
2 control group of table, test group breeding water body water quality17O NMR signal half-amplitude duration situation of change
As can be seen from Table 2, in test group breeding water body17O NMR signal half-amplitude duration maintains between 88-114Hz always, and right
According in group breeding water body17O NMR signal half-amplitude duration is substantially all in 250Hz or more.Illustrate cultivation water adjusting side through the invention
Method can effective activation breeding water body, improve cultured output, improve fish survival rate, improve the digestive utilization ratio of feed, reduce disinfection,
The insecticide medication frequency improves whole culture efficiency.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method, it is characterised in that:
(1) when initially depositing fish amount in breeding water body is 250kg/ mus or less (containing 250kg/ mus), cultivation water adjusting method is as follows:
(1) 3-6 month cultivates phase water transfer: using 1 water activating agent on the day of feeding bait since March is for the first time, reuses at the beginning of 5 months
1 water activating agent, the usage amount of each water activating agent are 200g/ mus；It is applied the 15-20 days after on the day of starting to feed bait
1 time bottom changes agent, changes agent every 1 bottom of application in 20-30 days later, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 120-200g/ mus；And every
Secondary application bottom applied 1 benefit microbial inoculum every 2 days after changing agent again, and it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation
Every one of 10-15 days application biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate or a variety of, maintain carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body
2-4:1, N/P ratio maintain 8-15:1；
(2) cultivate phase water transfer 7-9 month: at the beginning of 7 months and September is just respectively using 1 water activating agent, and the usage amount of each water activating agent is
200g/ mus；1 bottom is applied since last time use in June bottom changes the 15-20 days after agent and changes agent, later every 15-20
Its 1 bottom of application changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 180-240g/ mus；And it was applied again after application bottom every time changes agent every 2 days
With 1 benefit microbial inoculum, it is 15-20g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation every 20-30 days application biofermentations
One of material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-
15:1；
(3) cultivate phase water transfer 10-11 month: using 1 water activating agent at the beginning of 11 months, the usage amount of water activating agent is 200g/ mus；From September
What part last time use bottom changed after agent the starts 1 bottom of application for 10-15 days and changes agent, and applying 1 bottom changes agent, later every 10-
1 bottom of application in 15 days changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 200-300g/ mus；And change after agent every 2 days again at application bottom every time
1 benefit microbial inoculum is applied, it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；It is sent out according to water body situation every the biology of application in 15-20 days
One of ferment material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains
8-15:1；
(2) when initially depositing fish amount in breeding water body higher than 250kg/ mus, cultivation water adjusting method is as follows:
(1) 3-6 month cultivates phase water transfer: using 1 water activating agent on the day of feeding bait since March is for the first time, reuses at the beginning of 5 months
1 water activating agent, the usage amount of each water activating agent are 200g/ mus；It is applied the 15-20 days after on the day of starting to feed bait
1 time bottom changes agent, changes agent every 1 bottom of application in 15-20 days later, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 120-200g/ mus；And every
Secondary application bottom applied 1 benefit microbial inoculum every 2 days after changing agent again, and it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；According to water body situation
Every one of 10-15 days application biofermentation material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate or a variety of, maintain carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body
2-4:1, N/P ratio maintain 8-15:1；
(2) cultivate phase water transfer 7-9 month: at the beginning of 7 months and September is just respectively using 1 water activating agent, and the usage amount of each water activating agent is
200g/ mus；Since last time use in June bottom changes the 15-20 days after agent, applies 1 bottom and change agent, later every 10-
1 bottom of application in 15 days changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 180-240g/ mus；And change after agent every 2 days again at application bottom every time
1 benefit microbial inoculum is applied, it is 15-20g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；It is sent out according to water body situation every the biology of application in 20-30 days
One of ferment material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate are a variety of, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains
8-15:1；
(3) cultivate phase water transfer 10-11 month: using 1 water activating agent at the beginning of 11 months, the usage amount of water activating agent is 200g/ mus；From September
What part last time use bottom changed after agent the starts 1 bottom of application for 10-15 days and changes agent, and applying 1 bottom changes agent, later every 10-
1 bottom of application in 15 days changes agent, and applying bottom every time to change the amount of agent is 120-200g/ mus；And change after agent every 2 days again at application bottom every time
1 benefit microbial inoculum is applied, it is 10-15g/ mus that the amount of microbial inoculum is mended in application every time；It is sent out according to water body situation every the biology of application in 20-30 days
Ferment material, monoammonium phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate it is one or more, so that carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body is maintained 2-4:1, N/P ratio maintains 8-
15:1。
2. a kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The water activating agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) humic acid and active carbon 8:5 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) nano zeolite powder, yeast iron and aluminium oxide 2:3:10 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
3) gains in step 1) and step 2 are uniformly mixed by quality 8:3, obtain compound, manna oligosacchride is then added, it is sweet
The additional amount for revealing oligosaccharides is the 15% of compound quality, is stirred evenly, and water bath processing 1h, then adds xanthan gum in 60 DEG C,
The additional amount of xanthan gum is the 12% of compound quality, stirs evenly, 10min is handled under 100 DEG C of water bath conditions, then die casting
It dries in the shade after blocking；
The bottom change agent the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) calper calcium peroxide and potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salts 2:5 in mass ratio are uniformly mixed, for use；
2) solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2 will be pressed into botanical fungicide and the ethanol solution that concentration is 85% is added, stir evenly, obtain plant source
Microbicide solution, for use；
The botanical fungicide is made of Cuminum cyminum extract, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree extract, shrubby sophora extract and Herba Lycopi extract；Plant
The preparation method of source bactericide are as follows: by cumin, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, kuh-seng and Herba Lycopi 5:2:2:6 in mass ratio, co-grinding crosses 30 mesh
Sieve, obtains composite plant powder, and the ethyl alcohol that concentration is 75% is added by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 into compound Plant Powder, and ultrasonic extraction 30min surpasses
Sound temperature 45 C, ultrasonic power 240W are filtered after ultrasonic, and filter vacuum is dry to get botanical fungicide；
3) gains in step 1) and glycerin monostearate are pressed into quality 12:1, stirred evenly, plant source sterilization is then added
Agent solution, the additional amount of botanical fungicide solution are 5 times of step 1) gains quality, are stirred evenly, under the conditions of 60 DEG C
Water bath processing 1h, vacuum drying, dries in the shade after then die casting is blocking；
It is described mend microbial inoculum the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder, bacillus subtilis powder, bafillus natto bacterium powder and lactoenterococcus bacterium
Powder 2:4:5:2:2 in mass ratio is uniformly mixed, and obtains composite bacterium powder, and viable count is 1.2 × 10 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder8Cfu/g,
Viable count is 2.6 × 10 in actinomyces bacterium powder6Cfu/g, viable count is 1.5 × 10 in bacillus subtilis powder8Cfu/g receives
Viable count is 2.0 × 10 in beans bacillus bacterium powder6Cfu/g, viable count is 2.0 × 10 in lactoenterococcus bacterium powder8cfu/g；
2) composite bacterium powder is mixed with bean cake powder and apple pomace 3:5:12 in mass ratio, obtains fermentation material, sterile water, nothing is then added
The additional amount of bacterium water is the 10% of fermentation material, and ferment 10h under the conditions of 37 DEG C, and saccharomycete is then added, and the additional amount of saccharomycete is hair
The 7% of ferment amount of substance continues fermentation for 24 hours, after fermentation low temperature drying under the conditions of 40 DEG C, and then die casting is blocking；
The fermenting organism material the preparation method comprises the following steps: rice bran crushed 40 meshes, make after adding water and mixing aqueous in rice bran
Amount reaches 30-40%, obtains fermentation substrate, and then composite zymocyte powder is added in fermentation substrate and is uniformly mixed, composite zymocyte powder
Additional amount be fermentation substrate quality 0.5-1.0%, be sealed by fermentation 48-60h, after fermentation, carry out low temperature drying, obtain
Fermenting organism material；The composite zymocyte powder by lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder, saccharomycete bacterium powder, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder, actinomyces bacterium powder according to
Mass ratio 1:1-2:1-3:1-2 is formed, and viable count is 1.5 × 10 in the lactic acid bacteria bacterium powder6It is living in cfu/g, saccharomycete bacterium powder
Bacterium number is 2.5 × 108Viable count is 4.0 × 10 in cfu/g, photosynthetic bacteria bacterium powder6Viable count is 1.2 in cfu/g, actinomyces bacterium powder
×107cfu/g。
3. a kind of aquatic products healthy ecology cultivation water adjusting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water activating agent
Method of administration are as follows: after being installed water activating agent with gauze or hollow out box, hang in breeding water body；
The bottom changes the method for administration of agent are as follows: uniformly dry spreads in water surface for aquaculture；
The method of administration for mending microbial inoculum are as follows: microbial inoculum will be mended and be uniformly mixed with the brown sugar water of 3-5% according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:100-120
After impregnating 3-4h, uniformly splash to water surface for aquaculture.
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