CN109744140A - A kind of surely raw seaweed indoor highly effective method for culturing seedlings of oogamy - Google Patents
A kind of surely raw seaweed indoor highly effective method for culturing seedlings of oogamy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109744140A CN109744140A CN201910169227.1A CN201910169227A CN109744140A CN 109744140 A CN109744140 A CN 109744140A CN 201910169227 A CN201910169227 A CN 201910169227A CN 109744140 A CN109744140 A CN 109744140A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of surely raw seaweed indoor highly effective method for culturing seedlings of oogamy, seeds algae is temporarily supported in sea area surface, be sandwiched in when reproduction cell starts to occur on seedling rope and continue to cultivate, etc. seeds algaes when entering reproduction peak period, acquisition be distributed the algae branches of a large amount of reproduction cell as planting vegetables；Bottom of pond in pond of collecting seedling is laid with gas ducting, aeration aperture is opened up on gas ducting, gas ducting is connect with inflator pump；It uses cord to be fixed on rigid plastics on the net as nursery unit on seedling curtain, is fixedly connected between multiple nursery units with cord；Four PVC floating balls are fastened with floating ball rope in each nursery unit surrounding, nursery unit is made to keep the bottom surface 20-30cm from pond of collecting seedling；It will plant vegetables and be laid on above seedling curtain, opening inflator pump starts to inflate after filtering sea is passed through in the pond Xiang Caimiao, is placed on nursery pond kind after germ cell development to adult and generation rhizoid and carries out nursery culture.This method is to can make full use of seeds algae, adjusts the convenient method for culturing seedlings of growth conditions such as illumination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surely raw seaweed indoor highly effective method for culturing seedlings of oogamy, belong to algal cultivation technical field.
Background technique
Algal cultivation generally comprises two parts of nursery and mariculture, and wherein indoor raising of seedling utilizes reproduction period seaweed
Trophosome or reproduction cell cultivate the mode of seaweed seedling indoors, with manual control water temperature, illumination and can launch nutritive salt, and
And the damage of miscellaneous algae and enemy to seedling can be reduced, it is more advanced reliable seedling raising manners, China's major part economical alga is all
Using such seedling raising manners.
The mode of reproduction of seaweed can be divided into three kinds of vegetative reproduction, asexual reproduction and zoogamy modes, and oogamy is
One kind of zoogamy refers to that the different female, andro gamete of form, size is combined into the mode of reproduction of zygote, general oogamete
Body is called ovum, larger, and male gametophyte is smaller sperm.The sexual propagation of Sargassum and Hizikia belongs to oogamy more
Mode, using this mode of reproduction carry out indoor raising of seedling be mainly characterized by needing a certain number of plant vegetables, discharge motionless life
Cell colonization, seedling cultivate a period of time indoors.Conventional technique process is will to be put into educate from the mature seeds algae of sea acquisition
In Miao Chi, breeding device is routed to bottom of pond in advance, and after seeds algae diffuses spore, it is seedling that Spore adhesion continues development on breeding device,
Seedling grows to certain length and moves on to mariculture.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of oogamy
Surely raw seaweed indoor highly effective method for culturing seedlings, this method are to can make full use of seeds algae, adjust the growth conditions such as illumination and easily educate
Seedling-growing method, the present invention can provide a kind of seedling raising manners of high-efficient simple for the surely raw seaweed of oogamy.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of surely raw seaweed indoor highly effective method for culturing seedlings of oogamy, comprising the following steps:
(1) plant vegetables acquisition:
When seaweed comes to the ripening period, a certain number of seaweed are acquired as seeds algae, seeds algae are temporarily supported in sea area surface, to
Observed that seeds algae is sandwiched on seedling rope when reproduction cell (fertilized eggs) starts to occur and continued to cultivate, etc. seeds algaes enter reproduction peak
When the phase, acquisition is distributed the algae branch of a large amount of reproduction cell (fertilized eggs), this algae branch that a large amount of fertilized eggs are distributed with as plant vegetables to
With；
(2) device of collecting seedling is set:
Using general marine animal or the indoor nursery pond of plant as pond of collecting seedling, the height in pond of collecting seedling is higher than 60cm, benefit
In the seawater for storing enough depth, it is conducive to temperature buffer and sufficient nutritive salt is provided, light passing is good, and light intensity can reach seaweed children
Requirement needed for seedling；Bottom of pond in pond of collecting seedling is laid with gas ducting, and aeration aperture, gas ducting are uniformly opened up on gas ducting
It is connect with inflator pump；It is online that seedling curtain with cord is fixed on rigid plastics, fixed matrix is not only improved and is conducive to water flowing again, Gu
Surely there is the rigid plastics net of seedling curtain as nursery unit, be fixedly connected between multiple nursery units with cord, prevent from being folded together
Friction, is handled, seedling curtain is firmly attached on plastic wire, seedling curtain will not be caused to invert because of the impact of water flow in this way
Or blank, nursery pool area can be made full use of adopting Spore Stages, reduces invalid attachment；In each nursery unit surrounding floating ball
Rope fastens four PVC floating balls, and nursery unit is made to keep the bottom surface 20-30cm from pond of collecting seedling；
(3) reproduction cell diffuses:
It will plant vegetables and be laid on above seedling curtain, filtering sea is passed through in the pond Xiang Caimiao, the depth of filtering sea is 40-50cm；
Inflator pump is opened simultaneously to start to inflate, inflationtime be daily 20-22h, morning and afternoon it is each it is evenly dispersed plant vegetables 1 time, diffuse 48-
After 72h, germ cell development to adult, adult adheres to relatively firm after generating rhizoid, and nursery unit is entirely slightly rinsed, is washed
Continue to be placed on the progress nursery culture of nursery pond kind after falling residual branch and other attachments；The seaweed of oogamy constantly diffuse by
Smart ovum be it is motionless, the aggregation of Yi Yinwei frond causes release attachment uneven, occurs excessively concentrating or non-cohesive, be laid in bottom of pond
Gas ducting is impacted using gas and breaks up the fertilized eggs of release uniformly；
(4) nursery culture:
When nursery culture, floating ball rope length degree can adjust according to illumination variation, seed is made to be in suitable illumination range always；
Gas ducting is inflated in suitable time, can not only be saved water flow but also can be saved production cost；Hydro-peening seedling curtain is periodically carried out, it will be whole
A nursery unit, which takes out, carries out hydro-peening, saves artificial；It, can also be when seed be smaller by plastic wire when seedling curtain is moved to mariculture
It is cultivated together with seedling curtain, maintenance is more convenient, and seedling medium is not easy to wind.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (1), the seeds algae, it is desirable that be robust growth, color is normal；Acquisition method
It is to retain root, takes the frond part that reproductive organs is more, the frond of acquisition is cut short, and be sandwiched in Miao Shengshang, is supported using raft formula
The method of growing is supported in sea area surface, and cultivation requires to be that frond uniformly scatters, and mutual distance is subject to does not block mutually winding substantially, periodically
Remove rot frond, attached mud and miscellaneous algae；It is to be seen to when thering is the reproduction cell (fertilized eggs) to start to occur, normal frond will be grown
It is removed from Miao Shengshang, is cut into 2-3 sections, continue to be sandwiched on seedling rope cultivating, cultivation density can suitably increase, because of frond at this time
Decline stage is initially entered, residual branch loss is more；To seaweed enter reproduction peak period can acquire fertilized eggs algae branch into
Row is collected seedling.In this way the advantages of, is that frond is mature uniformly, is easier to judge the maturity of frond, seeds algae utilization rate is more
It is high.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (2), the gas ducting is longitudinal to be laid with 4-8 item, preferably 4-6 item, cross
To laying 6-14 item, preferably 8-12 item.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (2), the aeration aperture, diameter 0.3-0.6cm, preferably 0.5cm；Institute
The aeration aperture stated, opening up density is 8-12/m, preferably 10/m.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (2), the nursery unit is 2 or 4；The rigid plastics net,
Mesh diameter is 3-5cm, preferably 5cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (3), the quantity ratio according to the weight and seedling curtain to plant vegetables is 300-800g:1 paving
If planting vegetables, preferably 500g:1.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (3), when being inflated with inflator pump, regulating gas gas output, which can uniformly reach, educates
The 15-25cm on seedling unit top.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (4), when nursery culture, when the illumination of fine day is stronger, floating ball rope length is extended
Degree, makes nursery unit from nursery bottom of pond portion 15-20cm or so, and stop inflating；When cloudy illumination is not strong, shorten floating ball rope length
Degree, inflates nursery unit from water surface 15-20cm or so, and suitably.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (4), inflator pump is opened at night, stops water flow；In bimestrial growing-seedling period
Nearly 50% water can be saved.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (4), hydro-peening, usually 3d hydro-peening one are periodically carried out according to miscellaneous algae degree of adhesion
Secondary, method is that the taking-up of entire nursery unit is placed on pond along upper carry out hydro-peening.
The advantages of technical solution of the present invention, is that saving plants vegetables, seed attachment is uniform, growing environment is easy to adjust and section
Human-saving and material resources are a kind of efficient seedling-raising technique methods.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited in being described below
Hold:
Embodiment 1: sargassum kjellmanianum Yendo indoor highly effective nursery
(1) plant vegetables acquisition
When 11 DEG C of sargassum kjellmanianum Yendos of water temperature come to the ripening period, acquisition 50kg plants vegetables.The requirement that plants vegetables is robust growth, and color is just
Often.Acquisition method is to retain root, is truncated from the 2/3 of the top of frond, takes the frond part that receptacle is more.By acquisition
Frond is cut into 60-80cm, every 2~3 plants Miao Shengshang for being sandwiched in 2.5m long for cluster, is divided into 10~15cm between cluster, pressing from both sides seedling position is
Above frond cut through at 5~10cm, every 3d pendulum washes frond.Every 7d or so, which goes to sea, observes receptacle mature condition.To seawater water
Temperature 14 DEG C when, discovery fertilized eggs start to occur, normal frond will be grown and removed from Miao Shengshang, be cut into 30cm be one section, every 2
~3 plants are sandwiched in the Miao Shengshang of 2.5m long for cluster, and 8~10cm is divided between cluster, and folder seedling position is in the middle part of frond, and every 3d puts and washes algae
Body.To seaweed enter reproduction peak period begin to acquisition have fertilized eggs algae branch collect seedling.
(2) device of collecting seedling is set
Nursery is carried out using abalone indoor raising of seedling pond, nursery pond height is 60cm.Skylight, fenestrate, the light passing of surrounding are arranged at top
Well, requirement needed for light intensity can reach seaweed seedling.
4 longitudinal, lateral 8 gas ductings are laid in bottom of pond, the inflation bore dia on pipeline is 0.5cm, density 10
A/m, is inflated with inflator pump, and regulating gas gas output can uniformly reach the 20cm on nursery unit top.
It is online that the door curtain made of cloth cord etc. that specification is 1.2m × 0.6m is uniformly fixed on rigid plastics.Mesh diameter is 5cm,
Plastic wire specification is 4m × 2.5m, and plastic wire is divided into two nursery units, and specification is 2m × 2.5m, solid with filament from each other
Fixed connection, PVC floating ball is fastened at each nursery unit surrounding floating ball four, rope, and floating buoyancy 5kg keeps nursery unit
From bottom surface 20-30cm.
(3) reproduction cell diffuses:
It planting vegetables according to frond weight and seedling curtain ratio of number in 1 placement of 500g ﹕, Xiang Caimiao is passed through filtering sea in pond,
The depth of filtering sea is 40cm；Start simultaneously at inflation, inflationtime 48h, morning and afternoon it is each it is evenly dispersed plant vegetables 1 time, diffuse
After 72h, after the generation rhizoid attachment of sargassum kjellmanianum Yendo seedling is relatively firm, takes out and plant vegetables, nursery unit is entirely slightly rinsed, is washed off residual
Branch and other attachments.Continue to place and be cultivated in pond.
The results show that fertilized eggs attachment is uniform, it is attached to there is not agglomerate between 0.8mm and 5mm for the distance of seedling for observation
Or the phenomenon that seedling curtain large area blank.
(4) nursery culture:
1., illumination adjustment
When the illumination of fine day is stronger, floating ball rope length degree is extended, makes nursery unit from substrate 10cm or so, and stops filling
Gas；When cloudy illumination is not strong, shortens floating ball rope length degree, inflate nursery unit from water surface 20-30cm or so, and suitably.Benefit
Water layer can be grown at any time with the method, without adjusting water layer by increasing and decreasing quantity, in time and save nearly 30%
Water consumption.
2., inflation
Inflator pump is opened at night, stops water flow.Nearly 50% water can be saved in bimestrial growing-seedling period.
3., hydro-peening
Hydro-peening is periodically carried out according to miscellaneous algae degree of adhesion, usually 3d hydro-peening is primary, and method is to take entire nursery unit
It is placed on pond out along upper carry out hydro-peening.Basic one people of a morning can handle nearly 40 seedling curtains, and traditional method needs two
Individual, a morning handle 30 seedling curtains, save general artificial, efficiency raising 30%.
Embodiment 2: sargassum thunbergii indoor highly effective nursery
(1) plant vegetables acquisition
When 15 DEG C of sargassum thunbergiis of water temperature come to the ripening period, acquisition 60kg plants vegetables.The requirement that plants vegetables is robust growth, and color is just
Often.Acquisition method is to retain root, is truncated from the 2/3 of the top of frond, takes the frond part that receptacle is more.By acquisition
Frond is cut into 30-50cm, and every 2~3 plants Miao Shengshang for being sandwiched in 2.5m long for cluster, folder seedling position is frond middle part, is divided into 8 between cluster
~10cm, every 3d pendulum wash frond.Every 7d or so, which goes to sea, observes receptacle mature condition.Enter reproduction peak period to sargassum thunbergii just to open
Beginning acquisition has the algae branch of fertilized eggs to collect seedling.
(2) device of collecting seedling is set:
Nursery is carried out using nursery pond in animal housing, nursery pond height is 80cm.Skylight, fenestrate, the light passing of surrounding are arranged at top
Well, requirement needed for light intensity can reach seaweed seedling.
6 longitudinal, lateral 12 gas ductings are laid in bottom of pond, the inflation bore dia on pipeline is 0.5cm, density 10
A/m, is inflated with inflator pump, and regulating gas gas output can uniformly reach the 20cm on nursery unit top.
It is online that the door curtain made of cloth cord etc. that specification is 1.2m × 0.6m is uniformly fixed on rigid plastics.Mesh diameter is 5cm,
Plastic wire specification is 6m × 4m, plastic wire is divided into 4 nursery units, specification is 3m × 2m, fixes company with filament from each other
It connects, fastens four PVC floating balls with floating ball rope in each nursery unit surrounding, floating buoyancy 5kg keeps nursery unit the bottom of from
Face 20-30cm.
(3) reproduction cell diffuses:
It planting vegetables according to frond weight and seedling curtain ratio of number in 1 placement of 500g ﹕, Xiang Caimiao is passed through filtering sea in pond,
The depth of filtering sea is 50cm；Start simultaneously at inflation, inflationtime 48h, morning and afternoon it is each it is evenly dispersed plant vegetables 1 time, diffuse
After 72h, after the generation rhizoid attachment of sargassum thunbergii seedling is relatively firm, takes out and plant vegetables, nursery unit is entirely slightly rinsed, is washed off residual
Branch and other attachments.Continue to place and be cultivated in pond.
The results show that fertilized eggs attachment is uniform, it is attached to there is not agglomerate between 0.6mm and 3mm for the distance of seedling for observation
Or the phenomenon that seedling curtain large area blank.
(5) nursery culture:
1., illumination adjustment
When the illumination of fine day is stronger, floating ball rope length degree is extended, makes nursery unit from bottom 30cm or so, and stops filling
Gas；When cloudy illumination is not strong, shortens floating ball rope length degree, inflate nursery unit from water surface 15-25cm or so, and suitably.Benefit
Water layer can be grown at any time with the method, without adjusting water layer by increasing and decreasing quantity, in time and save nearly 40%
Water consumption.
2., inflation
Inflator pump is opened at night, stops water flow.Nearly 50% water can be saved in bimestrial growing-seedling period.
3., hydro-peening
Hydro-peening is periodically carried out according to miscellaneous algae degree of adhesion, usually 3d hydro-peening is primary, and method is to take entire nursery unit
It is placed on pond out along upper carry out hydro-peening.Basic one people of a morning can handle nearly 45 seedling curtains, and traditional method needs two
Individual, a morning handle 35 seedling curtains, save general artificial, efficiency raising nearly 30%.
Examples detailed above is technical conception and technical characteristics to illustrate the invention, can not be limited with this of the invention
Protection scope.The equivalent transformation or modification that all essence according to the present invention is done, should all cover in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of surely raw seaweed indoor highly effective method for culturing seedlings of oogamy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) plant vegetables acquisition:
When seaweed comes to the ripening period, a certain number of seaweed are acquired as seeds algae, seeds algae are temporarily supported in sea area surface, it is to be seen
Continue to cultivate to seeds algae is sandwiched on seedling rope when having reproduction cell to start to occur, etc. seeds algaes when entering reproduction peak period, acquisition point
The algae branch of a large amount of reproduction cell of cloth, this algae branch that a large amount of fertilized eggs are distributed with are stand-by as planting vegetables；
(2) device of collecting seedling is set:
Using general marine animal or the indoor nursery pond of plant as pond of collecting seedling, the height in pond of collecting seedling is higher than 60cm；It is collecting seedling
The bottom of pond in pond is laid with gas ducting, aeration aperture is uniformly opened up on gas ducting, gas ducting is connect with inflator pump；By seedling curtain
It is fixed on that rigid plastics is online with cord, is fixed with the rigid plastics net of seedling curtain as nursery unit, between multiple nursery units
It is fixedly connected with cord, fastens four PVC floating balls with floating ball rope in each nursery unit surrounding, keep nursery unit from collecting seedling
The bottom surface 20-30cm in pond；
(3) reproduction cell diffuses:
It will plant vegetables and be laid on above seedling curtain, filtering sea is passed through in the pond Xiang Caimiao, the depth of filtering sea is 40-50cm；Simultaneously
It opens inflator pump to start to inflate, inflationtime is daily 10-12h, is generally inflated at night, and morning and afternoon is each evenly dispersed to plant vegetables 1
Secondary, after diffusing 48-72h, germ cell development to adult, adult entirely slightly rinses nursery unit after generating rhizoid, washes off
Continue to be placed on the progress nursery culture of nursery pond kind after residual branch and other attachments；
(4) nursery culture:
When nursery culture, floating ball rope length degree can adjust according to illumination variation, seed is made to be in suitable illumination range always；Inflation
Pipeline is inflated in suitable time, can not only be saved water flow but also can be saved production cost；Hydro-peening seedling curtain is periodically carried out, will entirely be educated
Seedling unit, which takes out, carries out hydro-peening, saves artificial；It, can also be when seed be smaller by plastic wire and seedling when seedling curtain is moved to mariculture
Curtain cultivates together, and maintenance is more convenient, and seedling medium is not easy to wind.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the seeds algae, it is desirable that it is robust growth,
Color is normal；Acquisition method is to retain root, takes the frond part that reproductive organs is more, the frond of acquisition is cut short, and is sandwiched in
It on seedling rope, is supported using raft culture method in sea area surface, cultivation requires to be that frond uniformly scatters, and mutual distance is not with substantially mutual
It blocks subject to winding, periodically removes rot frond, attached mud and miscellaneous algae；It is to be seen to when thering is the reproduction cell to start to occur, will grow
Normal frond is removed from Miao Shengshang, is cut into 2-3 sections, is continued to be sandwiched on seedling rope cultivating；Enter reproduction peak period to seaweed to adopt
Collection has the algae branch of fertilized eggs to collect seedling.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the gas ducting is longitudinal to be laid with 4-8 in step (2)
Item is laterally laid with 6-14 item.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the aeration aperture, diameter 0.3-
0.6cm；The aeration aperture, opening up density is 8-12/m.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the nursery unit is 2 or 4；
The rigid plastics net, mesh diameter 3-5cm.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), according to the quantity of the weight and seedling curtain that plant vegetables
Than planting vegetables for 300-800g:1 laying.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein when being inflated with inflator pump, regulating gas goes out in step (3)
Tolerance can uniformly reach the 15-25cm on nursery unit top.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (4), when nursery culture, fine day illumination compared with
Qiang Shi extends floating ball rope length degree, makes nursery unit from nursery bottom of pond portion 15-20cm or so, and stop inflating；Cloudy illumination not
Qiang Shi shortens floating ball rope length degree, inflates nursery unit from water surface 15-20cm or so, and suitably.
9. stopping water flow the method according to claim 1, wherein opening inflator pump at night in step (4)；
Nearly 50% water can be saved in bimestrial growing-seedling period.
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein periodically being carried out in step (4) according to miscellaneous algae degree of adhesion
Hydro-peening, 3d hydro-peening is primary, and method is that the taking-up of entire nursery unit is placed on pond along upper carry out hydro-peening.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110036903A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-07-23 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of Sargassaceae seaweed scale breeding facility and its application method |
| CN112790102A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-14 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Treatment method for promoting efficient accumulation of brown algae polyphenols in sargassum muticum |
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| CN106212263A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2016-12-14 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani adherance support means and Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding method |
| CN106550867A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of semi-automatic dry dew device of sargassum thunbergii seedling intermediate rearing and its using method |
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| CN110036903A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-07-23 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of Sargassaceae seaweed scale breeding facility and its application method |
| CN110036903B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2022-01-28 | 山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心) | Large-scale seedling raising facility for sargassaceae algae and use method thereof |
| CN112790102A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-14 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Treatment method for promoting efficient accumulation of brown algae polyphenols in sargassum muticum |
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