CN109681198A - A kind of multimode exploitation simulator and method for different type gas hydrates reservoir - Google Patents
A kind of multimode exploitation simulator and method for different type gas hydrates reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN109681198A CN109681198A CN201910074025.9A CN201910074025A CN109681198A CN 109681198 A CN109681198 A CN 109681198A CN 201910074025 A CN201910074025 A CN 201910074025A CN 109681198 A CN109681198 A CN 109681198A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000001953 Hypotension Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000021822 hypotensive Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001077 hypotensive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/001—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells specially adapted for underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/001—Survey of boreholes or wells for underwater installation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of multimode exploitation simulator and method for different type gas hydrates reservoir.Producing well is connect by the adjustable pipe of rotation at any angle with autoclave, and the autoclave and the producing well are equipped with visualization window.The producing well that the present invention can be in control different angle by adjusting rotation, including vertical well, horizontal well, slant well；It can a plurality of types of gas hydrates reservoirs of analog synthesis in a high pressure reaction kettle；Voltage drop method, heat injection method, note inhibitor method and combination method exploitation of gas hydrate can be simulated；Generation, decomposition and the secondary generation situation and air-water mobility status of monitored over time hydrate can be tested, and obtains water yield and gas production.The present invention is in a high pressure reaction kettle after synthesized hydrate sample, can under the different hydrate reservoirs of development of system, different producing wells, different recovery methods gas hydrates exploitation simulated experiment, and efficiency and security evaluation can be carried out for hydrate difference exploitation pattern.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy extraction engineering fields, and in particular to one kind is stored up for different type gas hydrates
The multimode exploitation simulator and method of layer.
Background technique
Gas hydrates are a kind of non-stoichiometric cage compounds formed under cryogenic high pressure by gas and water,
Be stored in the continental margin seabed and permafrost band deposit of nature extensively, have reserves are big, distribution is wide, it is shallow to bury,
The characteristics such as energy density height and combustion cleaning are known as being one of the new energy for most having application prospect 21 century.Currently, in the world
Many successes pilot production successively has been carried out to the gas hydrates of nature, but has all failed the level for reaching commercialization exploitation,
And each pilot production is all costly.Therefore, by simulating the build environment of nature hydrate and the process of hydrate pilot production,
The development exploitation of gas hydrates simulated experiment of system can offer reference in the lab for live pilot production.
According to the reservoir formation of hydrate hiding and geophysical property etc., hydrate hiding is divided into four seed types by researcher:
Class 1, there are hydrate layers for hydrate stability zone, close with its petrophysical property there are one in the lower section of hydrate layer
Free gas-bearing formation；Class 2, hydrate stability zone is interior there is also hydrate layer, and hydrate layer lower section is free water layer；Class
3, there is only hydrate layers, without free gas or liquid water layer；Class 4, hydrate be distributed in stable region it is more dispersed,
And without obvious boundary, usual saturation degree is lower, does not have extraction value.More exploitation side is applied to the exploitation of hydrate hiding
Method mainly has heating, voltage drop method, injecting inhibitor method and combination method.Hydrate exploitation producing well used include vertical well,
Horizontal well and slant well.Currently, researcher has carried out a large amount of experiment and numerical simulation study to the exploitation of hydrate, still
Lack exploitation of gas hydrates mould under the development different reservoir that can be used for system simultaneously, different producing wells, different recovery methods
Quasi- experimental provision and method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of for the multi-party of different type gas hydrates reservoir
Formula exploitation simulator can be used for natural gas under the different producing wells of development of system, different reservoir, different recovery methods simultaneously
The simulated experiment of hydrate exploitation, can be monitored in real time in experimentation hydrate generation, decomposition and secondary generation situation and
Air-water mobility status, and water yield and gas production are obtained, it is that the different exploitation patterns of hydrate carry out efficiency and security evaluation.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of multimode exploitation simulator for different type gas hydrates reservoir, including autoclave 2,
Producing well 11, temperature regulating device, pressure control device, gas supply liquid feed device, gas-liquid separation device and data acquisition device；
2 lower part of autoclave is equipped with pedestal 1；2 bottom of autoclave is evenly arranged with multiple multimetering formulas
Thermocouple 3；Sand control filter layer is arranged in 2 upper cover center of autoclave；2 upper cover of autoclave is uniformly distributed, and there are four visualizations
Window 25；2 upper cover of autoclave is connect by screw 26 with autoclave body, and upper cover and autoclave body inner contacts are provided with seal washer
27；
The entrance pipe of the producing well 11 is connect by the adjustable pipe 24 of rotation at any angle with autoclave 2,
The first valve 29 is connected between the entrance and rotation pipe 24 of producing well 11；Export pipeline one end of producing well 11 passes through the 4th valve
Door 32 is connected with vacuum pump 10, and the other end is connected by the 5th valve 33 with back pressure pump 14；The well lid 28 at 11 both ends of producing well can
It dismantles, is provided with sand control filter layer on the inside of well lid 28；Multiple temperature sensors 12 and multiple pressures are evenly distributed on producing well 11
Force snesor 13；Producing well 11 is evenly equipped with multiple visualization windows 25；
The temperature regulating device includes two waters bath with thermostatic control and a liquid heater 7, is respectively used to control autoclave
2, the temperature of producing well 11, injection liquid；
The pressure control device includes back pressure pump 14, vacuum pump 10；
The gas supply liquid feed device includes gas cylinder 9, gas injection pump 8, topping-up pump 6 and liquid heater 7；Gas cylinder 9 by the road with
Gas injection pump 8 is connected, and the outlet port of gas cylinder 9 is controlled by third valve 31；Liquid heater 7 by the road with 6 phase of topping-up pump
Connection is controlled by the second valve 30 therebetween；Gas injection pump 8 and topping-up pump 6 merge by the road to be passed through to autoclave 2
Interior, pipeline is equipped with pressure gauge 4 and control valve 5；
The gas-liquid separation device includes gas-liquid separator 15, measuring cup 16, mass balance 17, gas flowmeter 19 and gas collection
Tank 18；The entrance of gas-liquid separator 15 is connected with back pressure pump 14 by pipeline, and the tapping line of gas-liquid separator 15 is connected to matter
It measures in the measuring cup 16 on balance 17, the exhaust line of gas-liquid separator 15 is further connected with air collector 18, and gas is equipped between the two
Flowmeter body 19；
The sand control filter layer includes stainless steel sand controlling filtration screen 22 and tetrafluoro porous filter plate 23；
The gas-liquid separator 15 separates the gas and water of decomposition of hydrate, the mass balance 17 and gas flowmeter 19
It is respectively used to measurement water yield and gas production；
11 arrival end of producing well is connected with rotation pipe 24, obtains the producing well of different angle by adjusting rotation pipe 24
11, including vertical well, horizontal well, slant well；
The autoclave 2 is connected with 11 entrance of producing well, and the outlet of producing well 11 is connected with back pressure pump 14,
The branch is for simulating voltage drop method exploitation hydrate；2 side of the autoclave connection topping-up pump 6 and liquid heater 7, should
Branch is for simulating heat injection method and note inhibitor method exploitation hydrate；It, should after the 2 synthesis of natural gas hydrate of autoclave
Device can simulate voltage drop method, heat injection method, note inhibitor method and combination method exploitation of gas hydrate；
The well lid 28 at 11 both ends of producing well can be dismantled, selective to 11 lumen loading of producing well according to experiment demand
Deposit.
A kind of multimode exploitation analogy method for different type gas hydrates reservoir, comprising the following steps:
(1) it determines the type of simulation hydrate reservoir: opening 2 upper cover of autoclave, according to required simulation hydration
The type of object reservoir inserts deposit or deposit and ice powder mixture etc. into autoclave, installs on autoclave
Lid.Specifically, the type of simulation hydrate reservoir is divided into Class 1,4 four seed type of Class 2, Class 3 and Class；
A it) when 1 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To subzero, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, what first filling was a small amount of into autoclave 2 is free of water sediment and presses
It is real, mixture and the compacting of deposit and ice powder are then filled on it；
B it) when 2 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To a little higher than zero degree, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, the deposit of a small amount of saturated water is first filled into autoclave 2, so
Fill mixture and the compacting of deposit and ice powder on it afterwards；
C it) when 3 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To subzero, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, appropriate (depending on sample saturation degree, lead to is filled into autoclave 2
Often it is higher than the mixture that 50%) ice powder is uniformly mixed with deposit；
D it) when 4 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To subzero, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, a small amount of (depending on sample saturation degree, lead to is filled into autoclave 2
Often in 5-20%) mixture that is uniformly mixed with deposit of ice powder；
(2) it the hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis respective type: after being vacuumized to experimental provision, is supplied into autoclave 2
Water gas supply, the hydrate sample of saturation degree needed for synthesizing；
A) synthesis 1 type hydrate reservoir of Class is top layer containing hydrate sediment, is existed in the lower section of hydrate layer
One with its petrophysical property similar in free gas-bearing formation；
B) synthesis 2 type hydrate reservoir of Class is top layer containing hydrate sediment, is Free water below hydrate layer
Layer；
C) synthesis 3 type hydrate reservoir of Class is single layer containing hydrate sediment, does not include the stratum of no hydrate；
D) synthesis 4 type hydrate reservoir of Class is hydrate dispersed distribution in deposit, and saturation degree is lower；
(3) it selects the corresponding producing well type of type of simulation hydrate reservoir: adjusting the angle of producing well, obtain reality
Test the producing well of required angle；
(4) determine the recovery method of hydrate reservoir: the equipment by adjusting respective branch carries out difference to hydrate and opens
Exploitation simulated experiment under mining method；Specifically, the autoclave 2 is connected with 11 entrance of producing well, the production
The outlet of well 11 is connected with back pressure pump 14, and the branch is for simulating voltage drop method exploitation hydrate, when simulation voltage drop method exploits hydrate
It needs to be determined that Amplitude of Hypotensive and rate of pressure reduction；2 side of the autoclave connection topping-up pump 6 and liquid heater 7, the branch
For simulating heat injection method and note inhibitor method exploitation hydrate, simulation heat injection method, note inhibitor method or heating+note inhibitor method
When unitized production hydrate, it is thus necessary to determine that inject the temperature and charge velocity of fluid；The 2 synthesis of natural air water of autoclave
After closing object, which can simulate combination method (voltage drop method+heating, voltage drop method+note inhibitor method, voltage drop method+heating+note
Inhibitor method) exploitation hydrate, combination method needs while determining above-mentioned variable.
(5) gas-liquid separation device is opened, water yield and gas production are measured after gas-liquid separation, and pass through height in experiment whole process
Press reaction kettle 2 and visualization window 25, multimetering formula thermocouple 3, temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensing on producing well 11
Generation, decomposition and the secondary generation situation and air-water mobility status of the monitoring hydrate of device 13.
The step (1), the autoclave can be free of the gas hydrates of deposit with pure water or the preparation of ice powder,
The deposit of simulation different type hydrate reservoir can also be filled in autoclave.
The step (3), the producing well can be used to simulate and monitor the flowing feelings of hydrate recovery process air-water
Condition；Deposit can also be filled in producing well, for simulating and monitoring stream of the hydrate recovery process air-water in deposit
It is dynamic.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) the device of the invention can prepare the hydrate sample of different type, different saturation in autoclave,
The hydrate sample that deposit is free of including the use of pure water or the preparation of ice powder, it is different can also to fill simulation in autoclave
The deposit of type hydrate reservoir prepares the hydrate sample containing deposit.By adjusting the available different angles of rotation pipe
The producing well of degree, including vertical well, horizontal well, slant well used in exploitation hydrate.After hydrate sample preparation, beat
Branch where opening back pressure pump can simulate voltage drop method exploitation hydrate, and the branch where opening topping-up pump and liquid heater is just
Heat injection method or note inhibitor method exploitation hydrate, two branch uses simultaneously, which can be simulated, can simulate combination method exploitation hydration
Object.Autoclave and producing well are respectively by an independent temperature control of water-bath.Autoclave and production can be passed through in experimentation
Visualization window on well, with equally distributed multimetering formula thermocouple, temperature sensor and pressure sensor real-time monitoring
Generation, decomposition and the secondary generation situation and air-water mobility status of hydrate, to obtain under hydrate difference exploitation pattern
Safety.Gas-liquid separation device separates the gas and water of decomposition of hydrate, and mass balance and gas flowmeter can measure production water
Amount and gas production, to obtain the efficiency under hydrate difference exploitation pattern.The device can be with the carry out natural gas hydration of system
Experimental study in terms of object synthesis, exploitation (decomposition), gas-liquid separation, production efficiency and security evaluation.
(2) a kind of multimode for different type gas hydrates reservoir proposed by the present invention exploits analogy method,
Different saturation, different types of hydrate reservoir sample can be prepared；Air-water can be simulated in the producing well of different angle
Flowing, can also fill deposit, for simulating flowing of the air-water in deposit in producing well；Can choose voltage drop method,
Heat injection method, note inhibitor method or the exploitation of combination method simulating hydrate；Generation, the decomposition and two of monitored over time hydrate can be tested
Secondary generation situation and air-water mobility status, and obtain water yield and gas production.This method can simulate day with system and efficiently
Right gas hydrate exploitation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is multimode exploitation of gas hydrates simulator schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 (a) is the overlooking structure diagram of autoclave；
Fig. 2 (b) is the present invention looks up structural representation of autoclave；
Fig. 2 (c) is the schematic diagram of the section structure of autoclave；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of producing well.
In figure: 1 pedestal；2 autoclaves；3 multimetering formula thermocouples；4 pressure gauges；5 control valves；6 topping-up pumps；7
Liquid heater；8 gas injections pump；9 gas cylinders；10 vacuum pumps；11 producing wells；12 temperature sensors；13 pressure sensors；14 back pressures
Pump；15 gas-liquid separators；16 measuring cups；17 mass balances；18 air collectors；19 gas flowmeters；20 first water-baths；21 second water
Bath；22 stainless steel sand controlling filtration screens；23 tetrafluoro porous filter plates；24 rotation pipes；25 visualization windows；26 screws；27 gaskets
Circle；28 well lids；29 first valves；30 second valves；31 third valves；32 the 4th valves；33 the 5th valves；34 computers.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below in conjunction with technical solution and attached drawing.
Embodiment one, with reference to Fig. 1, the present embodiment proposes a kind of multimode for different type gas hydrates reservoir
Exploitation simulator, including autoclave 2, producing well 11, temperature regulating device, pressure control device, gas supply liquid feed device, gas-liquid separation
Device and data acquisition device.
2 lower part of autoclave is equipped with pedestal 1；2 bottom of autoclave is evenly arranged with multiple multimetering formulas
Thermocouple 3；Sand control filter layer is arranged in 2 upper cover center of autoclave；2 upper cover of autoclave is uniformly distributed, and there are four visualizations
Window 25；2 upper cover of autoclave is connect by screw 26 with autoclave body, and upper cover and autoclave body inner contacts are provided with seal washer
27；
The entrance pipe of the producing well 11 is connect by the adjustable pipe 24 of rotation at any angle with autoclave 2,
The first valve 29 is connected between the entrance and rotation pipe 24 of producing well 11；Export pipeline one end of producing well 11 passes through the 4th valve
Door 32 is connected with vacuum pump 10, and the other end is connected by the 5th valve 33 with back pressure pump 14；The well lid 28 at 11 both ends of producing well can
It dismantles, is provided with sand control filter layer on the inside of well lid 28；Multiple temperature sensors 12 and multiple pressures are evenly distributed on producing well 11
Force snesor 13；Producing well 11 is evenly equipped with multiple visualization windows 25；
The temperature regulating device includes two waters bath with thermostatic control and a liquid heater 7, is respectively used to control autoclave
2, the temperature of producing well 11, injection liquid；
The pressure control device includes back pressure pump 14, vacuum pump 10；
The gas supply liquid feed device includes gas cylinder 9, gas injection pump 8, topping-up pump 6 and liquid heater 7；Gas cylinder 9 by the road with
Gas injection pump 8 is connected, and the outlet port of gas cylinder 9 is controlled by third valve 31；Liquid heater 7 by the road with 6 phase of topping-up pump
Connection is controlled by the second valve 30 therebetween；Gas injection pump 8 and topping-up pump 6 merge by the road to be passed through to autoclave 2
Interior, pipeline is equipped with pressure gauge 4 and control valve 5；
The gas-liquid separation device includes gas-liquid separator 15, measuring cup 16, mass balance 17, gas flowmeter 19 and gas collection
Tank 18；The entrance of gas-liquid separator 15 is connected with back pressure pump 14 by pipeline, and the tapping line of gas-liquid separator 15 is connected to matter
It measures in the measuring cup 16 on balance 17, the exhaust line of gas-liquid separator 15 is further connected with air collector 18, and gas is equipped between the two
Flowmeter body 19；
The sand control filter layer includes stainless steel sand controlling filtration screen 22 and tetrafluoro porous filter plate 23.
The gas-liquid separator 15 separates the gas and water of decomposition of hydrate, the mass balance 17 and gas flowmeter 19
It is respectively used to measurement water yield and gas production；
11 arrival end of producing well is connected with rotation pipe 24, obtains the producing well of different angle by adjusting rotation pipe 24
11, including vertical well, horizontal well, slant well；
The autoclave 2 is connected with 11 entrance of producing well, and the outlet of producing well 11 is connected with back pressure pump 14,
The branch is for simulating voltage drop method exploitation hydrate；2 side of the autoclave connection topping-up pump 6 and liquid heater 7, should
Branch is for simulating heat injection method and note inhibitor method exploitation hydrate；It, should after the 2 synthesis of natural gas hydrate of autoclave
Device can simulate voltage drop method, heat injection method, note inhibitor method and combination method exploitation of gas hydrate；
The well lid 28 at 11 both ends of producing well can be dismantled, selective to 11 lumen loading of producing well according to experiment demand
Deposit.
Embodiment two, the present embodiment propose a kind of multimode exploitation simulation for different type gas hydrates reservoir
Method, in conjunction with Fig. 1 description, specific step is as follows:
(1) it determines the type of simulation hydrate reservoir: opening 2 upper cover of autoclave, according to required simulation hydration
The type of object reservoir inserts deposit or deposit and ice powder mixture etc. into autoclave, installs on autoclave
Lid.Specifically, the type of simulation hydrate reservoir is divided into Class 1,4 four seed type of Class 2, Class 3 and Class；
A it) when 1 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To subzero, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, what first filling was a small amount of into autoclave 2 is free of water sediment and presses
It is real, mixture and the compacting of deposit and ice powder are then filled on it；
B it) when 2 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To a little higher than zero degree, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, the deposit of a small amount of saturated water is first filled into autoclave 2, so
Fill mixture and the compacting of deposit and ice powder on it afterwards；
C it) when 3 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To subzero, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, appropriate (depending on sample saturation degree, lead to is filled into autoclave 2
Often it is higher than the mixture that 50%) ice powder is uniformly mixed with deposit；
D it) when 4 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on water-bath 20 and drops the temperature in autoclave 2
To subzero, the upper cover of autoclave 2 is opened, a small amount of (depending on sample saturation degree, lead to is filled into autoclave 2
Often in 5-20%) mixture that is uniformly mixed with deposit of ice powder；
(2) it the hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis respective type: after being vacuumized to experimental provision, is supplied into autoclave 2
Water gas supply, the hydrate sample of saturation degree needed for synthesizing；
A) synthesis 1 type hydrate reservoir of Class is top layer containing hydrate sediment, is existed in the lower section of hydrate layer
One with its petrophysical property similar in free gas-bearing formation；
B) synthesis 2 type hydrate reservoir of Class is top layer containing hydrate sediment, is Free water below hydrate layer
Layer；
C) synthesis 3 type hydrate reservoir of Class is single layer containing hydrate sediment, does not include the stratum of no hydrate；
D) synthesis 4 type hydrate reservoir of Class is hydrate dispersed distribution in deposit, and saturation degree is lower；
(3) it selects the corresponding producing well type of type of simulation hydrate reservoir: adjusting the angle of producing well, obtain reality
Test the producing well of required angle；
(4) determine the recovery method of hydrate reservoir: the equipment by adjusting respective branch carries out difference to hydrate and opens
Exploitation simulated experiment under mining method；Specifically, the autoclave 2 is connected with 11 entrance of producing well, the production
The outlet of well 11 is connected with back pressure pump 14, and the branch is for simulating voltage drop method exploitation hydrate, when simulation voltage drop method exploits hydrate
It needs to be determined that Amplitude of Hypotensive and rate of pressure reduction；2 side of the autoclave connection topping-up pump 6 and liquid heater 7, the branch
For simulating heat injection method and note inhibitor method exploitation hydrate, simulation heat injection method, note inhibitor method or heating+note inhibitor method
When unitized production hydrate, it is thus necessary to determine that inject the temperature and charge velocity of fluid；The 2 synthesis of natural air water of autoclave
After closing object, which can simulate combination method (voltage drop method+heating, voltage drop method+note inhibitor method, voltage drop method+heating+note
Inhibitor method) exploitation hydrate, combination method needs while determining above-mentioned variable.
(5) gas-liquid separation device is opened, water yield and gas production are measured after gas-liquid separation, and pass through height in experiment whole process
Press reaction kettle 2 and visualization window 25, multimetering formula thermocouple 3, temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensing on producing well 11
Generation, decomposition and the secondary generation situation and air-water mobility status of the monitoring hydrate of device 13.
The step (1), the autoclave 2 natural gas without deposit can be hydrated with pure water or the preparation of ice powder
Object can also fill the deposit of simulation different type hydrate reservoir in autoclave 2.If you need to synthesize high saturation
Appropriate ice powder and deposit can be uniformly mixed in liquid nitrogen according to required saturation degree, be synthesized and be hydrated using ice powder by hydrate
Object；If you need to synthesize the hydrate of low saturation, water synthesized hydrate can be directly utilized.
The step (3), the producing well 11 can be used to simulate and monitor the flowing feelings of hydrate recovery process air-water
Condition；Deposit can also be filled in producing well 11, for simulating and monitoring hydrate recovery process air-water in deposit
Flowing.
Embodiment three, the present embodiment propose a kind of multimode exploitation simulation for different type gas hydrates reservoir
Method, with embodiment two the difference is that step (3) is described as follows with reference also to Fig. 1:
Step (3) opens the well lid 28 of 11 one end of producing well, and the deposit of supersaturation water, peace are filled into producing well 11
After filling well lid 28, the angle for adjusting the rotation pipe 24 being connected with producing well 11 makes producing well 11 horizontal positioned.This scheme is used for
Simulation is constantly exploited with sea bed gas hydrate, after the decomposition of hydrate near producing well 11, far from producing well 11
Decomposition of hydrate after air-water the case where flowing through deposit containing supersaturation water.
Other step similar embodiments two, this is not repeated.
The method that above-described embodiment two and embodiment three propose, can be with systematic research difference hydrate reservoir, different lifes
Exploitation of gas hydrates modeling scheme under well, different recovery methods is produced, by real in the implementation process of every kind of recovery scheme
When the monitoring generation of hydrate, decomposition and the secondary water yield and gas production for generating situation and air-water mobility status and acquisition, be
The different recovery schemes of hydrate carry out efficiency and security evaluation, and guide water so as to preferably optimize hydrate pilot production scheme
Close the live pilot production of object.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not that the invention has other forms of limitations, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
It imitates embodiment and is applied to other fields, but without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling to the above embodiments, still fall within the protection scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multimode exploitation simulator for different type gas hydrates reservoir, which is characterized in that described
Multimode exploitation simulator includes autoclave, producing well, temperature regulating device, pressure control device, gas supply liquid feed device, gas-liquid point
From device and data acquisition device；
Autoclave (2) lower part is equipped with pedestal (1)；Autoclave (2) bottom is evenly arranged with multiple multimeterings
Formula thermocouple (3)；Sand control filter layer is arranged in autoclave (2) upper cover center；Autoclave (2) upper cover is evenly equipped with four
A visualization window (25)；Autoclave (2) upper cover is connect by screw (26) with autoclave body, upper cover and autoclave body inner contacts
It is provided with seal washer (27)；
The entrance pipe of the producing well (11) manages (24) and autoclave (2) even by adjustable rotation at any angle
It connects, is connected with the first valve (29) between the entrance and rotation pipe (24) of producing well (11)；The export pipeline one of producing well (11)
End is connected by the 4th valve (32) with vacuum pump (10), and the other end is connected by the 5th valve (33) with back pressure pump (14)；It is raw
The well lid (28) for producing well (11) both ends detachably, is provided with sand control filter layer on the inside of well lid (28)；Producing well uniformly divides on (11)
It is furnished with multiple temperature sensors (12) and multiple pressure sensors (13)；Producing well (11) is evenly equipped with multiple visualization windows
(25)；
The temperature regulating device includes two waters bath with thermostatic control and a liquid heater (7), is respectively used to control autoclave
(2), the temperature of producing well (11), injection liquid；
The pressure control device includes back pressure pump (14) and vacuum pump (10)；
The gas supply liquid feed device includes gas cylinder (9), gas injection pump (8), topping-up pump (6) and liquid heater (7)；Gas cylinder (9) warp
Pipeline is connected with gas injection pump (8), and the outlet port of gas cylinder (9) is controlled by third valve (31)；Liquid heater (7) is through pipe
Road is connected with topping-up pump (6), is controlled by the second valve (30) therebetween；Gas injection pump (8) and topping-up pump (6) close by the road
And be passed through to autoclave (2), pipeline is equipped with pressure gauge (4) and control valve (5)；
The gas-liquid separation device include gas-liquid separator (15), measuring cup (16), mass balance (17), gas flowmeter (19) and
Air collector (18)；The entrance of gas-liquid separator (15) is connected with back pressure pump (14) by pipeline, the drain of gas-liquid separator (15)
Pipeline is connected to the measuring cup (16) on mass balance (17) Nei, the exhaust line of gas-liquid separator (15) further with air collector
(18) it is connected, is equipped with gas flowmeter (19) between the two.
2. multimode exploitation simulator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sand control filter layer includes stainless
Steel sand controlling filtration screen (22) and tetrafluoro porous filter plate (23).
3. multimode exploitation simulator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, the producing well (11) includes hanging down
Straight well, horizontal well and slant well.
4. a kind of multimode for different type gas hydrates reservoir exploits analogy method, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
(1) it determines the type of simulation hydrate reservoir: being divided into Class 1,4 four type of Class 2, Class 3 and Class
Type；
A) when 1 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, the upper cover of autoclave (2) is opened, into autoclave (2)
It is filled with water, the volume of water is less than the half of reaction kettle effective volume, at it after installation sand control filter layer among autoclave (2)
Upper filling deposit installs the upper cover of autoclave (2)；
B) when 2 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, only water will need to be filled in 1 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class
Volume be adjusted to the half of autoclave (2) effective volume, remaining is constant；
C it) when 3 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, is first turned on temperature controlling instruments and drops the temperature in autoclave (2)
To subzero, the upper cover of autoclave (2) is opened, is mixed to autoclave (2) lumen loading ice powder with deposit
Even mixture installs the upper cover of autoclave (2)；
D) when 4 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class, only high pressure when need to be by 3 type hydrate reservoir of analog synthesis Class
Filler in reaction kettle (2) is changed to aqueous deposit；
(2) it synthesizes the hydrate reservoir of respective type: after being vacuumized to autoclave (2), supplying water in autoclave (2)
Gas supply, the hydrate sample of saturation degree needed for synthesizing；
A) synthesis 1 type hydrate reservoir of Class is top layer containing hydrate sediment and lower part water+free gas-bearing formation；
B) synthesis 2 type hydrate reservoir of Class is top layer containing hydrate sediment and lower part water-bearing layer；
C) synthesis 3 type hydrate reservoir of Class is single layer containing hydrate sediment, does not include the stratum of no hydrate；
D) synthesis 4 type hydrate reservoir of Class is hydrate dispersed distribution in deposit, and saturation degree is lower；
(3) it selects the corresponding producing well type of type of simulation hydrate reservoir: adjusting the angle of producing well, obtain experiment institute
Need the producing well of angle；
(4) it determines the recovery method of hydrate reservoir: by adjustment equipment, the exploitation under different recovery methods being carried out to hydrate
Simulated experiment；
(5) gas-liquid separation device is opened, water yield and gas production are measured after gas-liquid separation, and test monitored over time hydrate
Generation, decomposition and secondary generation situation and air-water mobility status.
5. a kind of multimode for different type gas hydrates reservoir according to claim 4 exploits simulation side
Method, which is characterized in that in step (3), the well lid at producing well (11) both ends is dismantled, to producing well (11) lumen loading deposit,
For flowing of the air-water after simulating hydrate decomposition in deposit.
6. multimode according to claim 4 or 5 exploits analogy method, which is characterized in that the recovery method includes
Voltage drop method, heat injection method, note inhibitor method and combination method, the autoclave (2) are connected with the producing well (11) entrance, institute
It states producing well (11) outlet to be connected with back pressure pump (14), the branch is for simulating voltage drop method exploitation hydrate；The reaction under high pressure
Kettle (2) side connects topping-up pump (6) and liquid heater (7), and the branch is for simulating heat injection method and note inhibitor method production of water
Close object；After autoclave (2) the synthesis of natural gas hydrate, which exploits hydrate reservoir, decompression
Method+heating, voltage drop method+note inhibitor method, voltage drop method+heating+note inhibitor method.
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