CN114624419A - Hydrate visual development simulation device and experiment method - Google Patents
Hydrate visual development simulation device and experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114624419A CN114624419A CN202210254143.XA CN202210254143A CN114624419A CN 114624419 A CN114624419 A CN 114624419A CN 202210254143 A CN202210254143 A CN 202210254143A CN 114624419 A CN114624419 A CN 114624419A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrate visual development simulation device and an experimental method, belonging to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation simulation, and comprising the following steps: the visual development simulation device host is provided with a closed space and a plurality of visual windows; a pressure control unit communicated with the closed space; a liquid supply unit communicated with the closed space; the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors pre-embedded at the bottom of the rock core; a temperature control unit; a vacuum unit communicated with the closed space; the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space; the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit comprises a plurality of high-speed cameras and computers which are arranged corresponding to the visual windows. The invention solves the problems that the existing natural gas hydrate development simulation device can not be visualized or indirectly visualized or the working pressure of the visualization device is low, and realizes real-time observation, image and data acquisition and computer-based data and image correlation processing of an experimenter in the natural gas hydrate development process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation simulation, and particularly relates to a hydrate visual development simulation device and an experiment method.
Background
The natural gas hydrate as a potential new energy has extremely wide development prospect and huge development and application space, and in order to effectively reduce the technical cost and the cost of commercially exploiting the natural gas hydrate and reduce the actual development technical risk, experimental research on natural gas hydrate development simulation needs to be developed. In order to research a more suitable exploitation method, evaluate the action mechanism and exploitation effect of the exploitation method, and more truly and effectively understand and grasp the characteristics of the hydrate, a large number of simulation experiments are needed in indoor experiments to simulate the storage condition of the hydrate and optimize engineering parameters, and a natural gas development simulation device is necessary basic equipment in the simulation experiments.
The principle of the natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment lies in simulating the synthesis and decomposition processes of hydrates in rock cores under different conditions of nature, mining temperature, pressure and the like. Most of the existing development simulation devices can not observe the actual situation generated when the stratum is simulated in the experiment; or indirect visualization is realized through modes such as CT scanning and the like; or the working pressure of the development simulation device with the visual surface is low, the visual surface is small, and the application is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydrate visualization development simulation device, comprising:
the system comprises a visual development simulation device host, a control system and a data processing system, wherein the visual development simulation device host is provided with a closed space used for simulating the synthesis and decomposition processes of hydrates in a rock core under different conditions; the visual development simulation device host is provided with a plurality of visual windows;
the pressure control unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for providing methane gas into the closed space and providing a pressure environment required by hydrate generation for the closed space;
the liquid supply unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for inputting pure water into the closed space;
the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors which are pre-embedded at the bottom of the rock core so as to realize data acquisition of temperature and pressure fields during natural gas hydrate development simulation;
the temperature control unit is used for providing temperature conditions required by hydrate generation for the visual development simulation device host;
the vacuum unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for maintaining a certain vacuum degree in the closed space;
the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space, is used for performing water-gas separation and collection on the generated natural gas during development and simulation of the natural gas hydrate, and can monitor the quality change of water and methane gas in real time;
the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit comprises a computer and a plurality of high-speed cameras which are arranged corresponding to the visual windows, and the high-speed cameras are used for recording each state of the core decomposition and have the function of adjusting the frequency of the recorded images as required; the computer is in signal connection with the sensor unit, the liquid supply unit, the pressure control unit, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit and the high-speed camera, so that the temperature and the pressure in the closed space and the water and gas consumption and the gas production during the development and simulation of the natural gas hydrate are acquired and recorded in real time, and the acquired and recorded data and images are subjected to correlation processing.
Further, a top plate and a visual layer which are assembled in an up-and-down nested manner are arranged at the top of the visualization development simulation device host; the top plate is provided with a plurality of viewing holes, the visual layer is made of transparent materials, and a plurality of protruding parts which are in one-to-one correspondence with the viewing holes of the top plate are arranged on the visual layer; the bulge is matched with the sight hole to realize the sealing of the visual development simulation device host and serve as a visual window of the visual development simulation device host.
Further, the pressure control unit include with airtight space connection's methane gas cylinder and measurement the first day that methane gas cylinder quality changes, the methane gas cylinder with be provided with the connecting pipe between the airtight space, first check valve, booster pump and first manometer have set gradually on the connecting pipe, first check valve is located keeps away from one side of methane gas cylinder.
Further, the liquid supply unit comprises a pure water supply device and a second balance, the pure water supply device is connected with the closed space, the second balance measures the quality change of the pure water supply device, a connecting water pipe is arranged between the pure water supply device and the closed space, a second one-way valve and a first constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the connecting water pipe, and the second one-way valve is located on one side far away from the pure water supply device.
Further, the temperature control unit further comprises a temperature control water tank, the temperature control water tank is communicated with the closed space through a temperature control water pipe, a third one-way valve and a second constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the temperature control water pipe, and the third one-way valve is located on one side far away from the temperature control water tank.
The connecting air pipe, the connecting water pipe and the temperature control water pipe are communicated with one end of the input pipe; the other end of the input pipe is communicated with the closed space; and a seventh pressure gauge and a second flow meter are arranged on the input pipe.
Further, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit comprises a gas-liquid separation assembly, a gas collection assembly and a water containing assembly, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the closed space through a separation pipeline; a fourth check valve and a second pressure gauge are arranged on the separation pipeline; the fourth one-way valve is positioned at one side close to the gas collecting assembly, and the gas-liquid separating assembly is used for carrying out water-gas separation on natural gas generated in the development simulation of the natural gas hydrate;
the gas collection assembly comprises a gas collection bottle and a third level for measuring the change in mass of the gas collection bottle; the gas collecting bottle is connected with the gas-liquid separation assembly through a gas collecting pipeline, and the gas collecting pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter;
the water containing assembly comprises a water container and a fourth electronic balance for measuring the mass change of the water container; the water container is connected with the gas-liquid separation assembly through a liquid collecting pipeline.
Furthermore, a plurality of external pipelines which are communicated with the closed space and are independently arranged are arranged on the visual development simulation device host, and the external pipelines are respectively communicated with the separation pipeline; each external pipeline is provided with a one-way valve and a pressure gauge.
Further, the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is communicated with the separation pipeline through a vacuum pipeline, and a connecting end of the vacuum pipeline and the separation pipeline is located between the fourth one-way valve and the second pressure gauge; and a fifth one-way valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline.
An experimental method of a hydrate visual development simulation device, which is adopted by any one of the hydrate visual development simulation devices, comprises the following steps:
s10, starting a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit, presetting a high-speed camera image recording interval to be 1S, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting according to the real-time condition of reaction in the device by an experimenter at the subsequent recording interval, preparing to inject materials from a central wellhead of a visual development simulation device host, wherein the materials are methane gas, pure and insoluble pure water and a hot fluid NaCl solution used in development simulation, closing all valves after confirming that all devices are assembled and connected, starting a temperature control unit, setting the working temperature to be 2 +/-0.5 ℃, and precooling the core environment in the visual development simulation device host;
s20, when the data of a temperature sensor arranged in the core is stabilized at a preset temperature, sequentially opening a one-way valve and a pressure gauge which are respectively arranged on an external connection pipeline, a fifth one-way valve and a second pressure gauge, simultaneously starting a vacuum pump, performing vacuum treatment on the environment in the closed space of the visual development simulator host, wherein the pre-vacuumizing degree is-0.1 MPa, and when the numerical values of the pressure gauges stably display preset pressure values, closing the vacuum pump and the fifth one-way valve, and at the moment, the vacuum stage is achieved in the closed space;
s30, starting a second electronic balance, a fourth electronic balance, a second one-way valve, a fourth one-way valve and a first constant flow pump, inputting pure water into the closed space of the visual development simulation device host, and closing the first constant flow pump and the second one-way valve when the mass of the input pure water is equal to the value of the recovered pure water in the water recovery container;
s40, opening a first one-way valve, a methane gas bottle, a first electronic balance, a third electronic balance, a first flow meter, a second flow meter, a third electronic balance and a booster pump, wherein the booster pump pumps the methane gas into the closed space in the working process, and when the second flow meter is equal to the first flow meter and the reduced value of the first electronic balance is equal to the increased value of the third electronic balance, closing a fourth one-way valve and the one-way valve arranged on an external pipeline;
s50, the air inlet pipeline continues to work, when the value of the pressure sensor in the rock core reaches 5MPa, the work is stopped, and the first one-way valve, the booster pump and the methane gas bottle are closed;
s60, closing all equipment except the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit and the temperature control unit, waiting for the methane and water in the reaction cavity to continue to react, observing data and images displayed by the data and image processing computer, determining normal reaction according to a synthetic development phase diagram of the natural gas hydrate, when the pressure and temperature data do not change any more, acquiring real-time data by each pressure gauge, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor in a rock core, ensuring that a plurality of high-definition cameras record images in the whole reaction process, simultaneously enabling an experimenter to observe the conditions in the device through a visual window in real time, increasing or reducing the shooting frequency of the cameras according to the real-time conditions of the reactions in the device, and storing and analyzing by the data and image processing computer; when all the data are not changed any more, carrying out the next operation;
s70, after the natural gas hydrate generation stage is finished, carrying out an exploitation simulation experiment, keeping the devices unchanged, opening a temperature control water tank, and heating the temperature control water tank for storing saturated NaCl solution to 60 ℃; after the temperature of the temperature control water tank is raised, opening a third one-way valve, a second constant flow pump, a one-way valve arranged on an external connection pipeline, a gas-liquid separation assembly, a third electronic balance, a gas containing bottle, a water containing device and a fourth electronic balance, injecting a saturated NaCl solution at 60 ℃ into the closed space, standing for decomposing the natural gas hydrate, when the reading of the third electronic balance is not changed any more, proving that the decomposition stage of the natural gas hydrate is finished, closing all pipelines and devices except a data and image processing computer in sequence at the moment, recovering all valves to an initial mode after the data and image recording and storing are finished, and performing data processing and image comparison work
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a hydrate visualization development simulation device and an experimental method, wherein a host in the development simulation device is manufactured in a way that organic glass and stainless steel are nested and matched, a method for recording camera images and observing the camera images in real time by human eyes is provided for the process of synthesizing and decomposing a natural gas hydrate, the problems of low visualization degree and low simulation working pressure of the conventional natural gas hydrate development simulation device are solved, and the real-time observation, data acquisition and computer-based data and image correlation processing of an experimenter in the process of synthesizing and decomposing the natural gas hydrate are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of the overall structure of the visual development simulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a visualization development simulator host according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a visual layer of a host of the visualization development simulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a stainless steel top plate of the visualization development simulator host according to the present invention;
wherein, 1, data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit; 2. a visual development simulation device host; 3. a temperature control frame; 4. a third pressure gauge; 5. a fourth pressure gauge; 6. a fifth pressure gauge; 7. a sixth pressure gauge; 8. a sixth check valve; 9. a seventh check valve; 10. an eighth check valve; 11. a ninth check valve; 12. a second pressure gauge; 13. a fifth check valve; 14. a vacuum pump; 15. a fourth check valve; 16. a gas-liquid separation device; 17. a first flow meter; 18. a gas-containing bottle; 19. a third electronic balance; 20. a water receptacle; 21. a fourth electronic balance; 22. a second flow meter; 23. a seventh pressure gauge; 24. a first check valve; 25. a booster pump; 26. a first pressure gauge; 27. a methane cylinder; 28. a first electronic balance; 29. a third check valve; 30. a second constant flow pump; 31. a temperature control water tank; 32. a second one-way valve; 33. a first constant flow pump; 34. a pure water supplier; 35. a second electronic balance.
Detailed Description
The hydrate visualization development simulation device provided by the embodiment has the following setting and connection processes:
the visual development simulation device host 2 is provided with a closed space, and the closed space is used for simulating the synthesis and decomposition processes of the hydrate in the rock core under different conditions; the visual development simulation device host 2 is provided with a plurality of visual windows;
the pressure control unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for providing methane gas into the closed space and providing a pressure environment required by hydrate generation for the closed space;
the liquid supply unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for inputting pure water into the closed space;
the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors which are pre-embedded at the bottom of the rock core so as to realize the data acquisition of temperature and pressure during the development simulation of the natural gas hydrate;
the temperature control unit is used for providing temperature conditions required by hydrate generation for the visual development simulation device host 2;
the vacuum unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for maintaining a certain vacuum degree in the closed space;
the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for performing water-gas separation and collection on the generated natural gas during development and simulation of the natural gas hydrate and monitoring the quality change of water and methane gas in real time;
the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit 1 comprises a computer and a plurality of high-speed cameras arranged corresponding to the visual windows, wherein the high-speed cameras are used for recording each state of core decomposition and have the function of adjusting the frequency of recorded images as required; the computer is in signal connection with the sensor unit, the liquid supply unit, the pressure control unit, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit and the high-speed camera, so that the temperature and the pressure in the closed space and the water and gas consumption and the gas production during the development and simulation of the natural gas hydrate are acquired and recorded in real time, and the acquired and recorded data and images are subjected to correlation processing.
In the embodiment, the top of the visualization development simulation device host 2 is provided with a top plate and a visual layer which are nested and assembled up and down; the top plate is provided with a plurality of visual holes, the visual layer is arranged in a transparent manner, and a plurality of convex parts which are in one-to-one correspondence with the visual holes of the top plate are arranged on the visual layer; the protruding part is matched with the sight hole to realize the sealing of the visual development simulation device host 2 and serve as a visual window of the visual development simulation device host 2.
The maximum working pressure of the visual development simulation device host 2 is 10MPa, the working temperature is-10-85 ℃, and the visual development simulation device is composed of a self-made novel visual high-pressure reaction device.
Visual development analogue means host computer 2 mainly comprises rock core, panel and other accessories, specifically has: cuboid artificial rock core, gum cover, take eight high strength stainless steel roof that look the hole open-ended, the visual layer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) panel, the stainless steel curb plate of not open-ended on four sides, take bottom plate, bolt hole, fluorine rubber seal circle, rubber gasket of injection and extraction interface.
Wherein, the main part of visual development analogue means host computer 2 adopts the cuboid structure of six panel constitutions, and each panel is the corrosion resistant plate that thickness is 20 mm.
In the embodiment, the specification of the artificial core is 300mm multiplied by 45mm at the inner part; four temperature and pressure sensors are pre-embedded at the bottom of the rock core, and the distance between every two temperature and pressure sensors is more than 90mm in the front-back left-right direction.
The specification of the stainless steel top plate is 300mm multiplied by 40mm, and 8 sight holes with the diameter of 26mm are arranged on the top plate to be used as a visual window in order to observe and record the generation and decomposition process of the hydrate in real time.
The top plate is provided with 8 circular visual windows which are uniformly distributed on the middle point of a connecting line of the diagonal lines of the points of the lower wall position corresponding to the collecting point of the upper square wall and the middle point of the connecting line.
In consideration of the strength of the window opening of the simulation device, as an optimized scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the visual layer is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plate organic glass with high strength, the specification is a cuboid with the size of 300mm multiplied by 20mm, and a cylindrical bulge with the diameter of 26mm and the height of 20mm is arranged at the position matched with the window opening, and the specific shape is shown in fig. 3.
The top plate is made of stainless steel walls, the specification is 300mm multiplied by 20mm, 8 windows with the diameter of 26mm are uniformly distributed on a connecting line corresponding to an injection well mouth and a production well mouth during development simulation, and the specific distribution positions are shown in figure 4.
The visual organic glass layer and the high-strength stainless steel layer are assembled in a nesting mode and fixed by polyurethane glue, and the thickness after matching is 300mm multiplied by 40 mm.
The left and right side plates of the visualization development simulator main unit are stainless steel plates of 360 × 340 × 20mm, the front and rear side plates are stainless steel plates of 360 × 300 × 20mm, and the bottom plate is stainless steel of 300 × 300 × 20mm, as shown in fig. 2.
The visualized development simulation device host has 24 bolts and corresponding bolt ports, the specification of the bolts is M6 multiplied by 30, and the installation positions of the bolts are shown in figure 2.
Wherein, four 10mm openings are evenly distributed on four connecting lines at the four corners and the center of the bottom plate, a well mouth for collection is arranged when simulation is carried out, the center of the bottom plate is provided with a 10mm opening, and a well mouth for injection is arranged when simulation is carried out.
The circuit is connected with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a computer through a collecting well mouth in the bottom plate, and the real-time pressure and temperature conditions of the model in the experiment can be known through the processing of a data collecting system.
In this embodiment, the gum cover is tightly overlapped at four sides of artificial rock core, and six splint centre gripping are sealed at six faces of artificial rock core, and the junction of six blocks of boards is sealed through the rubber gasket to cooperate the bolt structure to fasten, the bottom plate is provided with the fluororubber sealing washer with the cooperation department of simulation well head and seals.
In this embodiment, the pressure control unit includes the methane gas cylinder 27 that is connected with the confined space and measures the first day that the methane gas cylinder 27 quality changes, is provided with between methane gas cylinder 27 and the confined space and connects the trachea, connects and has set gradually first check valve 24, booster pump 25 and first manometer 26 on the trachea, and first check valve 24 is located the one side of keeping away from methane gas cylinder 27.
In this embodiment, the liquid supply unit includes a pure water supplier 34 connected to the enclosed space and a second balance for measuring a change in mass of the pure water supplier 34, a connection water pipe is provided between the pure water supplier 34 and the enclosed space, a second check valve 32 and a first constant flow pump 33 are sequentially provided on the connection water pipe, and the second check valve 32 is located on a side away from the pure water supplier 34.
In this embodiment, the temperature control unit further includes a temperature control water tank 31, the temperature control water tank 31 is communicated with the enclosed space through a temperature control water pipe, a third check valve 29 and a second constant flow pump 30 are sequentially arranged on the temperature control water pipe, and the third check valve 29 is located on one side far away from the temperature control water tank 31.
In this embodiment, the device further comprises an input pipe, wherein the connecting air pipe, the connecting water pipe and the temperature control water pipe are all communicated with one end of the input pipe; the other end of the input pipe is communicated with the closed space; a seventh pressure gauge and a second flow meter 22 are provided on the input pipe.
In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit includes a gas-liquid separation module, a gas collection module, and a water storage module, and the gas-liquid separation module is connected to the closed space through a separation pipeline; a fourth check valve 15 and a second pressure gauge 12 are arranged on the separation pipeline; the fourth check valve 15 is located at one side close to the gas collection assembly, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is used for performing water-gas separation on natural gas generated during development and simulation of the natural gas hydrate.
In the present embodiment, the gas-liquid separation assembly is a gas-liquid separation device 16, which belongs to the prior art and is not described herein.
The gas collecting assembly comprises a gas collecting bottle and a third standard for measuring the mass change of the gas collecting bottle; the gas collecting bottle is connected with the gas-liquid separation component through a gas collecting pipeline, and the gas collecting pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter 17.
The water containing assembly comprises a water container 20 and a fourth electronic balance 21 for measuring the mass change of the water container 20; the water container 20 is connected to the gas-liquid separation module by a liquid collection line.
In this embodiment, the visual development simulation device host is provided with a plurality of external pipelines which are communicated with the closed space and are independently arranged, and the plurality of external pipelines are respectively communicated with the separation pipeline; each external pipeline is provided with a one-way valve and a pressure gauge.
In this embodiment, the system includes 4 external pipelines respectively set as a first external pipeline, a second external pipeline, a third external pipeline and a fourth external pipeline; the first external pipeline is provided with a third pressure gauge 4 and a sixth one-way valve 8; the second external connecting pipeline is provided with a fourth pressure gauge 5 and a seventh one-way valve 9; the third external pipeline is provided with a fifth pressure gauge 6 and an eighth one-way valve 10; the fourth external connection pipe is provided with a sixth pressure gauge 7 and a ninth check valve 11.
In this embodiment, the vacuum unit includes a vacuum pump 14, the vacuum pump 14 is communicated with the separation pipeline through a vacuum pipeline, and a connection end of the vacuum pipeline and the separation pipeline is located between the fourth check valve 15 and the second pressure gauge 12; a fifth one-way valve 13 is arranged on the vacuum pipeline.
In the present embodiment, the temperature control unit is a temperature control frame 3, wherein 8 high-speed cameras are fixedly mounted on the temperature control frame 3.
An experimental method of a hydrate visual development simulation device adopts the hydrate visual development simulation device provided above, and comprises the following steps:
s10, starting a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit, presetting a high-speed camera image recording interval to be 1S, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting according to the real-time condition of reaction in the device by an experimenter at the subsequent recording interval, preparing to inject materials from the central wellhead of the visual development simulation device host machine 2, wherein the materials are methane gas, pure and insoluble pure water and hot fluid NaCl solution used in development simulation, closing all valves after confirming that all devices are assembled and connected, starting a temperature control unit, setting the working temperature to be 2 +/-0.5 ℃, and precooling the core environment in the visual development simulation device host machine 2.
S20, when data of temperature sensors arranged in the core are stabilized at a preset temperature, sequentially opening a third pressure gauge 4, a sixth one-way valve 8, a fourth pressure gauge 5, a seventh one-way valve 9, a fifth pressure gauge 6, an eighth one-way valve 10, a sixth pressure gauge 7, a ninth one-way valve 11, a fifth one-way valve 13 and a second pressure gauge 12, simultaneously starting a vacuum pump 14, performing vacuum treatment on the environment in the closed space of the visual development simulator main machine 2, wherein the pre-vacuumizing degree is-0.1 MPa, when the numerical values of the pressure gauges stably display preset pressure values, closing the vacuum pump 14 and the fifth one-way valve 13, and at the moment, the closed space reaches a vacuum stage.
S30, starting the second electronic balance 35, the fourth electronic balance 21, the second one-way valve 32, the fourth one-way valve 15 and the first constant flow pump 33, inputting pure water into the closed space of the visual development simulation device host machine 2, when the mass of the input pure water is equal to the value of the recovered pure water in the water recovery container, proving that the pores of the core in the closed space are filled with the pure water, closing the first constant flow pump 33 and the second one-way valve 32, and at the moment, when the water in the core pores in the closed space reaches the saturation stage, carrying out the next operation.
S40, opening the first one-way valve 24, the methane gas bottle 27, the first electronic balance 28, the third electronic balance 19, the first flow meter 17, the second flow meter 22, the third electronic balance 19 and the booster pump 25, pumping methane gas into the sealed space by the booster pump 25 in the working process, when the second flow meter 22 is equal to the first flow meter 17 and the decreased value of the first electronic balance 28 is equal to the increased value of the third electronic balance 19, proving that the reaction cavity is full of methane gas, and closing the fourth one-way valve 15, the sixth one-way valve 8, the seventh one-way valve 9, the eighth one-way valve 10 and the ninth one-way valve 11 at the moment.
And S50, the air inlet pipeline continues to work, the work is stopped when the value of the pressure sensor in the rock core reaches 5MPa, the first one-way valve 24, the booster pump 25 and the methane gas cylinder 27 are closed, and at the moment, the reaction chamber reaches the gas flooding water saturation stage, and the next operation is carried out.
S60, closing all equipment except the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit and the temperature control unit, waiting for the methane and water in the reaction cavity to continue to react, observing data and images displayed by the data and image processing computer, determining normal reaction according to a synthetic development phase diagram of the natural gas hydrate, when the pressure and temperature data do not change any more, acquiring real-time data by each pressure gauge, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor in a rock core, ensuring that a plurality of high-definition cameras record images in the whole reaction process, simultaneously enabling an experimenter to observe the conditions in the device through a visual window in real time, increasing or reducing the shooting frequency of the cameras according to the real-time conditions of the reactions in the device, and storing and analyzing by the data and image processing computer; when all the data are not changed, the next operation is performed.
And S70, after the natural gas hydrate generation stage is finished, carrying out an exploitation simulation experiment, turning on the temperature control water tank 31 without changing all the devices, and heating the temperature control water tank 31 for storing saturated NaCl solution to 60 ℃. After the temperature of the temperature control water tank 31 is raised, the third one-way valve 29, the second constant flow pump 30, the one-way valve arranged on the external pipeline, the gas-liquid separation assembly, the third electronic balance 19, the gas containing bottle 18, the water container 20 and the fourth electronic balance 21 are opened, saturated NaCl solution at 60 ℃ is injected into the closed space, the natural gas hydrate is kept stand for decomposition, when the reading of the third electronic balance 19 is not changed any more, the natural gas hydrate decomposition stage is proved to be finished, at the moment, all pipelines and devices except the data and image processing computer are closed in sequence, after the data and image recording and storage are finished, all valves are restored to the initial mode, and data processing, image comparison and data and image correlation processing work are carried out.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention will still fall within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hydrate visualization development simulation device, comprising:
the system comprises a visual development simulation device host, a control system and a data processing system, wherein the visual development simulation device host is provided with a closed space used for simulating the synthesis and decomposition processes of hydrates in a rock core under different conditions; the visual development simulation device host is provided with a plurality of visual windows;
the pressure control unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for providing methane gas into the closed space and providing a pressure environment required by hydrate generation for the closed space;
the liquid supply unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for inputting pure water into the closed space;
the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors which are pre-embedded at the bottom of the rock core so as to realize data acquisition of temperature and pressure fields during natural gas hydrate development simulation;
the temperature control unit is used for providing temperature conditions required by hydrate generation for the visual development simulation device host;
the vacuum unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for keeping a certain vacuum degree in the closed space;
the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for performing water-gas separation and collection on the generated natural gas during development and simulation of the natural gas hydrate and monitoring the quality change of water and methane gas in real time;
the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit comprises a computer and a plurality of high-speed cameras which are arranged corresponding to the visual windows, and the high-speed cameras are used for recording each state of the core decomposition and have the function of adjusting the frequency of the recorded images as required; the computer is in signal connection with the sensor unit, the liquid supply unit, the pressure control unit, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit and the high-speed camera, so that the temperature and the pressure in the closed space and the water and gas consumption and the gas production during the development and simulation of the natural gas hydrate are acquired and recorded in real time, and the acquired and recorded data and images are subjected to correlation processing.
2. The hydrate visual development simulator according to claim 1, wherein a top plate and a visual layer which are assembled in a vertically nested manner are arranged at the top of the visual development simulator main machine; the top plate is provided with a plurality of viewing holes, the visual layer is made of transparent materials, and a plurality of protruding parts which are in one-to-one correspondence with the viewing holes of the top plate are arranged on the visual layer; the bulge is matched with the sight hole to realize the sealing of the visual development simulation device host and serve as a visual window of the visual development simulation device host.
3. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control unit comprises a methane gas cylinder connected with the closed space and a first leveling for measuring the quality change of the methane gas cylinder, a connecting gas pipe is arranged between the methane gas cylinder and the closed space, a first check valve, a booster pump and a first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the connecting gas pipe, and the first check valve is positioned on one side far away from the methane gas cylinder.
4. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 3, wherein the liquid supply unit comprises a pure water supplier connected with the enclosed space and a second balance for measuring the mass change of the pure water supplier, a connecting water pipe is arranged between the pure water supplier and the enclosed space, a second one-way valve and a first constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the connecting water pipe, and the second one-way valve is positioned on one side far away from the pure water supplier.
5. The hydrate visual development simulation device according to claim 4, wherein the temperature control unit further comprises a temperature control water tank, the temperature control water tank is communicated with the closed space through a temperature control water pipe, a third one-way valve and a second constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the temperature control water pipe, and the third one-way valve is located on one side far away from the temperature control water tank.
6. The hydrate visual development simulation device according to claim 5, further comprising an input pipe, wherein the connecting gas pipe, the connecting water pipe and the temperature control water pipe are all communicated with one end of the input pipe; the other end of the input pipe is communicated with the closed space; and a seventh pressure gauge and a second flow meter are arranged on the input pipe.
7. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 6, wherein the gas-liquid separation and collection unit comprises a gas-liquid separation assembly, a gas collection assembly and a water containing assembly, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the closed space through a separation pipeline; a fourth check valve and a second pressure gauge are arranged on the separation pipeline; the fourth one-way valve is positioned at one side close to the gas collecting assembly, and the gas-liquid separating assembly is used for carrying out water-gas separation on natural gas generated in the development simulation of the natural gas hydrate;
the gas collection assembly comprises a gas collection bottle and a third level for measuring the change in mass of the gas collection bottle; the gas collecting bottle is connected with the gas-liquid separation assembly through a gas collecting pipeline, and the gas collecting pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter;
the water containing assembly comprises a water container and a fourth electronic balance for measuring the mass change of the water container; the water container is connected with the gas-liquid separation assembly through a liquid collecting pipeline.
8. The hydrate visual development simulation device according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of external pipelines which are communicated with the closed space and are independently arranged are arranged on the visual development simulation device host, and the plurality of external pipelines are respectively communicated with the separation pipeline; each external pipeline is provided with a one-way valve and a pressure gauge.
9. The hydrate visual development simulation device according to claim 8, wherein the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is communicated with the separation pipeline through a vacuum pipeline, and a connection end of the vacuum pipeline and the separation pipeline is located between the fourth one-way valve and the second pressure gauge; and a fifth one-way valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline.
10. An experimental method of a hydrate visual development simulation device, which is characterized in that the hydrate visual development simulation device of any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, and the experimental method comprises the following steps:
s10, starting a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit, presetting a high-speed camera image recording interval to be 1S, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting according to the real-time condition of reaction in the device by an experimenter at the subsequent recording interval, preparing to inject materials from a central wellhead of a visual development simulation device host, wherein the materials are methane gas, pure and insoluble pure water and a hot fluid NaCl solution used in development simulation, closing all valves after confirming that all devices are assembled and connected, starting a temperature control unit, setting the working temperature to be 2 +/-0.5 ℃, and precooling the core environment in the visual development simulation device host;
s20, when the data of a temperature sensor arranged in the core is stabilized at a preset temperature, sequentially opening a one-way valve and a pressure gauge which are respectively arranged on an external connection pipeline, a fifth one-way valve and a second pressure gauge, simultaneously starting a vacuum pump, performing vacuum treatment on the environment in the closed space of the visual development simulator host, wherein the pre-vacuumizing degree is-0.1 MPa, and when the numerical values of the pressure gauges stably display preset pressure values, closing the vacuum pump and the fifth one-way valve, and at the moment, the vacuum stage is achieved in the closed space;
s30, starting a second electronic balance, a fourth electronic balance, a second one-way valve, a fourth one-way valve and a first constant flow pump, inputting pure water into the closed space of the visual development simulation device host, and closing the first constant flow pump and the second one-way valve when the mass of the input pure water is equal to the value of the recovered pure water in the water recovery container;
s40, opening a first one-way valve, a methane gas bottle, a first electronic balance, a third electronic balance, a first flow meter, a second flow meter, a third electronic balance and a booster pump, wherein the booster pump pumps the methane gas into the closed space in the working process, and when the second flow meter is equal to the first flow meter and the reduced value of the first electronic balance is equal to the increased value of the third electronic balance, closing a fourth one-way valve and the one-way valve arranged on an external pipeline;
s50, the air inlet pipeline continues to work, when the value of the pressure sensor in the rock core reaches 5MPa, the air inlet pipeline stops working, and the first one-way valve, the booster pump and the methane gas cylinder are closed;
s60, closing all devices except the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit and temperature control unit, waiting for the methane and water in the reaction cavity to continue reacting, observing data and images displayed by the data and image processing computer, determining the normal proceeding of the reaction according to the synthetic development phase diagram of the natural gas hydrate, when the pressure and temperature data do not change any more, collecting real-time data by each pressure gauge, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor in the rock core, ensuring that a plurality of high-definition cameras record images in the whole reaction process, simultaneously, experimenters can observe the conditions in the device through a visual window in real time, increasing or reducing the shooting frequency of the cameras according to the real-time conditions of the reaction in the device, and storing and analyzing by the data and image processing computer; when all the data are not changed any more, carrying out the next operation;
s70, after the natural gas hydrate generation stage is finished, carrying out an exploitation simulation experiment, keeping all the devices unchanged, opening a temperature control water tank, and heating the temperature control water tank for storing saturated NaCl solution to 60 ℃;
after the temperature of the temperature control water tank is raised, a third one-way valve, a second constant flow pump, a one-way valve arranged on an external connection pipeline, a gas-liquid separation assembly, a third electronic balance, a gas containing bottle, a water containing device and a fourth electronic balance are opened, saturated NaCl solution at 60 ℃ is injected into the closed space, standing is carried out for waiting for the decomposition of the natural gas hydrate, when the reading of the third electronic balance is not changed any more, the decomposition stage of the natural gas hydrate is proved to be completed, all pipelines and devices except a data and image processing computer are closed in sequence at the moment, all valves are restored to an initial mode after the data and image recording and storing are completed, and data processing, image comparison and data and image correlation processing work are carried out.
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| PCT/CN2023/070257 WO2023173909A1 (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2023-01-04 | Hydrate visualization development simulation device and experimental method |
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