CN102052065A - Simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate - Google Patents
Simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102052065A CN102052065A CN2010102221034A CN201010222103A CN102052065A CN 102052065 A CN102052065 A CN 102052065A CN 2010102221034 A CN2010102221034 A CN 2010102221034A CN 201010222103 A CN201010222103 A CN 201010222103A CN 102052065 A CN102052065 A CN 102052065A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experiment device, in particular to a simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate. The simulation exploiting experiment device for the natural gas hydrate comprises a reaction kettle, a gas supply device, a liquid supply device, a temperature control device and a gas-liquid separator, wherein the reaction kettle is respectively connected with the gas supply device, the liquid supply device, the temperature control device and the gas-liquid separator; and a time domain reflection probe is arranged in the reaction kettle and is connected with a data acquisition system through a time domain reflector. The invention has the advantages that the reaction kettle is in a longitudinal structure, so that the submarine sediment environment can be better simulated; by applying the time domain reflection technology, the saturation degree of the hydrate can be monitored in real time; and the simulation exploiting experiment device has more measuring points and can reflect the experiment progress and can conduct the experiments by using various exploiting methods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental facilities, relate in particular to a kind of gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities.
Background technology
Ocean gas hydrate, because there is circumstance complication in it, may bring geology and environmental problem at recovery process, and at the cost height of ocean pilot scale exploitation, have a big risk, so in the laboratory, carry out hydrate exploitation experimental study in advance, obtain necessary technical, have important theory and practice significance.
The hydrate exploitation method mainly contains thermal excitation (electrical heating, hot-water flooding) extraction system, decompression extraction system, injects chemical agent extraction system etc., and these methods need certain experimental facilities and technology realizes.At present, domestic exploitation of gas hydrates experimental facilities mostly is laterally, the one dimension experimental facilities, can only reflect local decomposition of hydrate situation during hydrate exploitation experiment.University of Petroleum, company of CNOOC etc. have developed one dimension or two-dimentional experimental facilities respectively by " 863 " project, mainly rely on electric-resistivity method, capacitance method etc. to measure the variation of the electrical parameter of decomposition of hydrate process system, come the process of Indicator Reaction with this.But because the restriction of this method service condition can not realize reflecting in real time hydrate saturation ratio situation of change in different layers position in the sedimentary system.And the variation of gas hydrates saturation ratio is the important parameter of reflection hydrate recovery process state and process.The external device that hydrate exploitation experimental study is adopted has laterally, vertical structure, but still can not monitor the variation of decomposition of hydrate process water compound saturation ratio simultaneously, can not reflect the decomposing state of deposit diverse location.And, be difficult to realize the various exploitation method experimental studies of hydrate respectively at same device.
In the seabed, gas hydrates are extremely fragile, in case certain factor (as sea level decline, subbottom structure activity, heat flow of ocean floor value increase, drilling well or gas production are improper etc.) cause that seabed pressure reduces or temperature rises, gas hydrates might resolve into natural G﹠W, thereby influence the stability of bottom sediment, even causing the serious unstability of submarine landslide and marine structure, a large amount of releases of natural gas can cause environmental hazards such as biological death and climate warming.So the operational parameter of simulating hydrate and condition have better guide significance to practical operation.
Summary of the invention
Technique effect of the present invention can overcome above-mentioned defective, and a kind of gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities is provided, and it is simple in structure, and experiment effect is good.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: it comprises reactor, feeder, liquid feed device, attemperating unit, gas-liquid separator, and reactor is connected with feeder, liquid feed device, attemperating unit, gas-liquid separator respectively; Be provided with the Time Domain Reflectometry probe in the reactor, the Time Domain Reflectometry probe is connected with data collecting system by time-domain reflectomer.
The present invention aims to provide a kind of actual deposition thing stratum decomposition of hydrate situation that can reflect and monitors hydrate saturation ratio variation in different layers position in the recovery process with real-time, and can realize the exploitation of gas hydrates experimental facilities of multiple exploitation method experiment.When utilizing this device to carry out exploitation of gas hydrates, need in advance in this device reaction still synthesized hydrate sample in the porous media.Can be according to the physical condition of being simulated, synthesized hydrate sample under different condition.
Time Domain Reflectometry technology (Time Domain Reflectometry is called for short TDR) according to the apparent dielectric constant of surveying and the relation of water content, can draw the hydrate saturation ratio.The present invention is applied to the TDR technology in this device, can realize monitoring in real time the variation of hydrate saturation ratio in the decomposition of hydrate process, and then indicates the recovery percent of hydrate by the variation of hydrate saturation ratio.Simultaneously, the experimental facilities of this invention can carry out experimental studies such as thermal excitation (electrical heating, hot-water flooding) extraction system, decompression extraction system, injection chemical agent extraction system.
Reactor comprises shell body and inner housing, between shell body and the inner housing cooling layer is set, cooling layer is connected with attemperating unit cryogenic thermostat circulator, and shell body is provided with cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet, and cooling liquid inlet, cooling liquid outlet are communicated with cooling layer respectively.Circulating fluid by the cooling of attemperating unit cryogenic thermostat circulator is housed in the cooling layer.Described cooling layer and attemperating unit are to be in the temperature constant state that sets in order to the control reactor.
Described data collecting system is to be used for experimental datas such as the interior temperature of surveying record experimentation reactor, pressure.Data collecting system connects the temperature pick up that is used to measure reactor temperature, the pressure sensor of measuring reacting kettle inner pressure, and measures the gas flowmeter of turnover reactor fluid flow and the time-domain reflectomer of monitoring hydrate saturation ratio.
Bottom is established a series of perforation in the described reactor, can be used for inserting respectively sensing element.By the reactor bottom, still is built-in with the Time Domain Reflectometry probe of three different lengths, is provided with temp probe on Time Domain Reflectometry probe diverse location.
By the reactor bottom, still is built-in with electrically heated rod, can carry out electrical heating production of water compound.When carrying out hot-water flooding or annotating chemical agent production of water compound, electrically heated rod is replaced, carry out hot-water flooding or annotate chemical agent production of water compound with liquid injection pipe.
Feeder comprises interconnective gas cylinder and pneumatic booster pump, to the used methane gas of reactor injection experiments; Pneumatic booster pump is communicated with reactor by pipeline, valve, and gas is introduced in the reactor from reactor top, makes experimental gas from up to down to the diffusion of porous media fill area, with the water reaction synthesized hydrate in the porous media in the porous media fill area.
Liquid feed device comprises constant-flux pump and heater, is used for carrying hydrothermal solution or chemical agent fluid in reactor, with the simulation of carrying out hydrate heat injection liquid, annotating the chemical agent recovery process.Carry out hydrate when injecting hydrothermal solution and chemical agent exploitation experiment, liquid is injected in the reactor of synthesized hydrate by reactor bottom liquid injection pipe by constant-flux pump and heater.
On decomposition fluid outflow pipeline, be provided with counterbalance valve, reducing valve, be used for regulating decomposition of hydrate pressure, make and decompose the fluid outflow, guarantee that decomposition of hydrate can be carried out in the experimentation under the decomposition pressure of appointment.
The gas-liquid separator bottom is arranged on the electronic balance, and the gas-liquid separator top connects gas flowmeter, and gas-liquid separator separates the water that the decomposition of hydrate process produces with gas, and the water yield is measured by balance, and gas flow is measured by gas flowmeter.
The gas-liquid separator bottom is communicated with accumulator tank, in order to reclaim the water that decomposition of hydrate produces.
When utilizing this experimental facilities to carry out the gas hydrates simulation mining, need synthesized hydrate sample in porous media in advance.Can be according to the physical condition of being simulated, synthesized hydrate sample under different condition.Among the present invention, synthesize equally distributed hydrate, can utilize this hydrate sample to carry out decomposition experimental study under the different mode, simulation mining process.
Advantage of the present invention: reactor is a vertical structure, can better simulate the sea-bottom deposit substance environment; Use the Time Domain Reflectometry technology, monitor the hydrate saturation ratio in real time and change; Temperature point is many, can reflect the experiment process; Experimental facilities can be realized experimentizing with multiple exploitation method.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done detailed description:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
This device comprises reactor 1, feeder, liquid feed device, attemperating unit 2, gas-liquid separator 3, and reactor 1 is connected with feeder, liquid feed device, attemperating unit 2, gas-liquid separator 3 respectively; Be provided with Time Domain Reflectometry probe 4 in the reactor 1, Time Domain Reflectometry probe 4 is connected with data collecting system 6 by time-domain reflectomer 5.
Reactor 1 comprises shell body 7 and inner housing 8, between shell body 7 and the inner housing 8 cooling layer 9 is set, cooling layer 9 is connected with attemperating unit 2, and shell body 7 is provided with cooling liquid inlet 10 and cooling liquid outlet 11, and cooling liquid inlet 10, cooling liquid outlet 11 are communicated with cooling layer 9 respectively.Feeder comprises interconnective gas cylinder 13 and pneumatic booster pump 14, and pneumatic booster pump 14 is communicated with reactor 1 by pipeline 15 and valve 16, and pipeline 15 is communicated with gas-liquid separator 3 by counterbalance valve 17, reducing valve 23.Gas-liquid separator 3 tops connect gas flowmeter 18, and gas-liquid separator 3 bottoms are arranged on the electronic balance 19, and gas-liquid separator 3 bottoms are communicated with accumulator tank 20.Liquid feed device comprises heater 21 and constant-flux pump 22.
Reactor 1 is a vertical structure, and interior dress deposit can better be simulated the sea-bottom deposit substance environment.The coaxial coaxial type Time Domain Reflectometry probe 4 that three different lengths have been installed is connected with time-domain reflectomer 5 in reactor 1 bottom, is used for monitoring deposit different layers position hydrate saturation ratio and changes.In the Time Domain Reflectometry probe, be provided with temp probe (Pt100 thermal resistance) on the diverse location, to measure along the change of temperature field on the probe length direction.A temp probe (Pt100 thermal resistance) also has been installed at reactor inwall place, has been reflected that the deposit temperature outside changes.
Attemperating unit uses the cryogenic thermostat circulator, circulates temperature control by cooling fluid (ethanol) in cooling layer 9.Be provided with electrically heated rod 12 in the reactor 1, be used for electrical heating production of water compound.In hot-water flooding and the exploitation of notes chemical agent, with liquid injection pipe electrically heated rod 12 to be replaced, liquid passes through constant-flux pump 22 process heaters 21 from reactor 1 bottom liquid injection pipe injection kettle.Reactor 1 decomposition fluid flows out on the pipeline and connects counterbalance valve 17, by regulating counterbalance valve 17 hydrate is decomposed under different pressures, and after the gas-liquid separation, with accurate flowmeter survey decomposition of hydrate gas flow rate, the water yield is measured by electronic balance 19.
When this device used, its concrete steps were:
Hydrate is synthetic:
(1) saturated deposit closely is filled in the reactor 1, is covered fully to Time Domain Reflectometry probe 4; (2) seal, close all valves 16; (3) system is vacuumized after, open air intake valve, in reactor 1, inject the methane gas of certain pressure; (4) leave standstill a period of time, treat that gas permeates evenly in deposit, open the cryogenic thermostat circulator of attemperating unit, reactor 1 cooling, synthesized hydrate.
The conventional exploitation method of gas hydrates has three kinds: decompression method, temperature activation method (electrical heating, hot-water flooding) and notes chemical-agent technique.
1. the method production of water that reduces pressure compound: the pressure that promptly reduces system, make it be lower than the equilibrium pressure of hydrate under the temperature of place, the pressure of general free gas below the reduction hydrate layer, make the hydrate that contacts with gas become unstable and decompose, the gas that decomposites is by the pit shaft extraction, the water that decomposites is stayed in the stratum, can control reservoir pressure by the rate of withdrawal of control natural gas, and then the decomposition of control formation water compound.
(1) regulates counterbalance valve 17, counterbalance valve 17 pressure are adjusted on the decomposition pressure, regulate flow control valve simultaneously, make flow velocity in the range ability of flow meter; (2) rapidly system pressure is reduced to decomposition pressure value, decomposition of hydrate; (3) decomposition gas flows out from valve; (4) the various parameters of software records.
2. electrical heating method production of water compound
(1) regulates counterbalance valve 17, its pressure is equated with reactor 1 internal pressure, regulate flow control valve simultaneously, make flow velocity in the range ability of flow meter; (2) open electrically heated rod 12 to uniform temperature, decomposition of hydrate; (3) decomposition gas flows out from valve 16; (4) the various parameters of software records.
3. hot-water flooding production of water compound: belong to temperature activation method, i.e. utilization group drilling technique pipe laying in the gas hydrates stabilized zone, by hot fluid (hot water, steam, hot salt brine etc.) heat is input to hydrate layer, makes the temperature rising of hydrate formation reach the needed temperature of decomposition of hydrate.
(1) regulates counterbalance valve 17, its pressure is equated with reactor 1 internal pressure, regulate flow control valve simultaneously, make flow velocity in the range ability of flow meter; (2) liquid to be injected is risen to uniform temperature; (3) open constant-flux pump 22 liquid is being set injection reactor 1 under the flow velocity, decomposition of hydrate; (4) decomposition gas flows out from valve 16 respectively.(5) the various parameters of software records.
4. annotate chemical agent production of water compound: by injecting inhibitor in hydrate formation (as methyl alcohol, ethanol etc.), change the phase balance condition that hydrate forms, reduce the equilibrium temperature or the rising steady pressure of hydrate, make the profile of equilibrium skew of system, cause hydrate formation unstable and cause decomposition of hydrate.
Extensively think at present, adopt multiple exploitation method unitized production to have good effect.
Adopt above-mentioned several method, make the decomposition of hydrate of being synthesized, and decomposition of hydrate is produced gas discharge reactor by exhaust system, thus the recovery process of simulating hydrate.
Claims (10)
1. a gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities is characterized in that, comprises reactor, feeder, liquid feed device, attemperating unit, gas-liquid separator, and reactor is connected with feeder, liquid feed device, attemperating unit, gas-liquid separator respectively; Be provided with the Time Domain Reflectometry probe in the reactor, the Time Domain Reflectometry probe is connected with data collecting system by time-domain reflectomer.
2. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, reactor comprises shell body and inner housing, between shell body and the inner housing cooling layer is set, cooling layer is connected with attemperating unit, shell body is provided with cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet, and cooling liquid inlet, cooling liquid outlet are communicated with cooling layer respectively.
3. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 2 is characterized in that, is provided with the Time Domain Reflectometry probe of three different lengths in the reactor.
4. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 2 is characterized in that, differing heights is respectively equipped with temp probe in the Time Domain Reflectometry probe, and temp probe is connected with data collecting system.
5. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, feeder comprises interconnective gas cylinder and pneumatic booster pump, and pneumatic booster pump is communicated with reactor by pipeline, valve, and pipeline is communicated with gas-liquid separator by counterbalance valve, reducing valve.
6. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the gas-liquid separator top connects gas flowmeter, and the gas-liquid separator bottom is arranged on the electronic balance.
7. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the gas-liquid separator bottom is communicated with accumulator tank.
8. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that liquid feed device comprises heater and constant-flux pump.
9. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that, electrically heated rod is set in the reactor.
10. gas hydrates simulation mining experimental facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that, liquid injection pipe is set in the reactor.
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| CN102423662A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-04-25 | 张振国 | Multi-parameter visual test apparatus for marine gas hydrate generation and decomposition |
| CN103015993A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Water-gas dispersion injection device for core gas injection displacement experiment |
| CN103105876A (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2013-05-15 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Double-layer temperature control system for hydrate sediment long core composition and decomposition |
| CN103424532A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-04 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Experiment device for researching structural characteristics of hydrate-containing deposit velocity profile |
| CN103470220A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Natural gas hydrate simulation experiment device |
| CN103604836A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for measuring natural gas hydrate reservoir saturation |
| CN104453794A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Simulation experiment system for whole process of natural gas hydrate exploitation and simulation method |
| CN105178953A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for measuring hydrate reservoir decomposition rate in drilling process |
| CN105301200A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-03 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Testing apparatus for characteristics of sand production during mining of natural gas hydrate |
| CN105840161A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experiment device for extracting natural gas hydrate through depressurization assisted by electric heating and working method |
| CN105909224A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Natural gas hydrate dual-horizontal-well electrical heating auxiliary depressurization exploitation experimental device and working method |
| CN107842341A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-27 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of exploitation of gas hydrates monitoring analogue means and method |
| CN108035700A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-15 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Ocean gas hydrate producing well sand-carrying production rule analogue system and method |
| CN109162708A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-08 | 山东科技大学 | Reservoir parameter multidimensional monitoring device in a kind of simulating hydrate recovery process |
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| CN109655373A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-19 | 国家地质实验测试中心 | Gas hydrates reservoir original position property parameter simulation test macro and method |
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| US11708748B2 (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2023-07-25 | Guangzhou Institute Of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Device and method for gas-water-sand separation and measurement in experiment of natural gas hydrate exploitation |
| CN114352272B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-07-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional experimental system for three-dimensional loading simulation of hydrate reservoir yield increase transformation and exploitation |
| CN114352272A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-04-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional experimental system for yield-increasing transformation and exploitation of three-way loading simulation hydrate reservoir |
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| CN114215502B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-10-10 | 广东石油化工学院 | Multi-exploitation-mode simulated natural gas hydrate three-dimensional development experimental device and method |
| CN114215502A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-22 | 广东石油化工学院 | Multi-mining-mode simulated natural gas hydrate three-dimensional development experimental device and method |
| CN114414456B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2024-03-12 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Method and device for calculating saturation of gas hydrate |
| CN114414456A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Method and device for calculating gas hydrate saturation |
| CN114624419B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-10-10 | 广东石油化工学院 | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate |
| CN114624419A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-14 | 广东石油化工学院 | Hydrate visual development simulation device and experiment method |
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